14 Íîâîñòè êëåòî÷íûõ òåõíîëîãèé ËÈÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÀ: 1. Tai M.-H., Chang C.-C., Olson L.K., Trosko J.E. Oct4 expression in adult human stem cells: evidence in support of the stem cell theory of carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh321. 2. Singh S.K., Hawkins C., Clarke I.D. et al. Identification of human brain tumour initiating cells. Nature 2004; 432: 396-401. 3. Rubio D., Garcia-Castro J., Martin M.C. et al. Spontaneous human adult stem cell transformation. Cancer Res. 2005; 65: 30359. 4. Kassem M., Burns J.S., Garcia C.J., Rubio M.D. Adult stem cells and cancer. Cancer Res. 2005; 65: 9601. 5. Serakinci N., Guldberg P., Burns J.S. et al. Adult human mesenchymal stem cell as a target for neoplastic transformation. Oncogene 2004; 23; 29: 5095-8. 6. Stenderup K., Justesen J., Clausen C., Kassem M. Aging is associated with decreased maximal life span and accelerated senescence of bone marrow stromal cells. Bone 2003; 33: 91926. 7. Toren A., Bielorai B., Jacob-Hirsch J. et al. CD133-positive hematopoietic stem cell «stemness» genes contain many genes mutated or abnormally expressed in leukemia. Stem Cells 2005; 23(8):1142-53. 8. Miura M., Miura Y., Padilla-Nash H.M. et al. Accumulated chromosomal instability in murine bone marrow mesenchymal stemcells leads to malignant transformation. Stem Cells 2005; Epub. Ïîäãîòîâèë À.Â. Áåðñåíåâ Ïî ìàòåðèàëàì Cytotherapy 2005; 7: 509-19 Ê âîïðîñó î ðåïîïóëÿöèè ë¸ãî÷íîãî ýïèòåëèÿ ÷åëîâåêà êëåòêàìè êîñòíîãî ìîçãà Âîçìîæíûì ìåõàíèçìîì âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ àëüâåîëÿðíîãî ýïèòåëèÿ ïîñëå ïîâðåæäåíèÿ ë¸ãêèõ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñïîñîáíîñòü àëüâåîëîöèòîâ II òèïà ê äåëåíèþ. Ìíîãèå òêàíè ñîäåðæàò â ñåáå ñóáïîïóëÿöèþ òàê íàçûâàåìûõ êàìáèàëüíûõ êëåòîê, ñïîñîáíûõ ê ïðîëèôåðàöèè è äèôôåðåíöèðîâêå, ñëóæàùèõ äëÿ å¸ âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ ïðè ôèçèîëîãè÷åñêîé ðåãåíåðàöèè, à òàêæå â ñëó÷àå å¸ ïîâðåæäåíèÿ. Êðîìå òîãî, ìíîãèìè èññëåäîâàòåëÿìè áûëà ïîêàçàíà ìèãðàöèÿ è ó÷àñòèå â ðåïàðàòèâíîé ðåãåíåðàöèè òêàíè ïðîãåíèòîðíûõ êëåòîê êîñòíîãî ìîçãà. Áûëî ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî âçðîñëûå ìóëüòèïîòåíòíûå êëåòêèïðåäøåñòâåííèêè êîñòíîãî ìîçãà ìûøåé ìîãóò äèôôåðåíöèðîâàòüñÿ â òêàíè âñåõ òð¸õ çàðîäûøåâûõ ëèñòêîâ in vitro [1]. Ìåõàíèçì, ïîñðåäñòâîì êîòîðîãî êëåòêè êîñòíîìîçãîâîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ ìèãðèðóþò â ðàçëè÷íûå òêàíè è äèôôåðåíöèðóþòñÿ, íåèçâåñòåí, îäíàêî ÿñíî, ÷òî ýòî ïðîèñõîäèò ïîä âîçäåéñòâèì ñèãíàëîâ, âûçâàííûõ ïîâðåæäåíèåì [2, 3]. Òàêæå ïðåäïîëàãàåòñÿ, ÷òî ïëàñòè÷íîñòü ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê ìîæåò áûòü îáúÿñíåíà èõ ñëèÿíèåì ñ êëåòêàìè òêàíè in situ [4].  ë¸ãêèõ êàìáèàëüíûå êëåòêè äèôôåðåíöèðóþòñÿ â áàçàëüíûå è ñëèçèñòûå ñåêðåòîðíûå êëåòêè áðîíõîâ è êëåòêè II òèïà àëüâåîë. Ðåçóëüòàòû, ïîëó÷åííûå íà ðàçëè÷íûõ ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíûõ ìîäåëÿõ, ïîêàçûâàþò, ÷òî ñòâîëîâûå êëåòêè êîñòíîãî ìîçãà ìîãóò õèìåðèçîâàòü ë¸ãêèå è äèôôåðåíöèðîâàòüñÿ â àëüâåîëîöèòû [2, 5, 6]. Ó ÷åëîâåêà â ñåðèÿõ íàçàëüíûõ áèîïñèé, âçÿòûõ ó æåíùèí, ïîëó÷èâøèõ ìóæñêèå òðàíñïëàíòàòû êîñòíîãî ìîçãà, íå áûëî âûÿâëåíî Y-õðîìîñîì â ýïèòåëèè âåðõíèõ äûõàòåëüíûõ ïóòåé [7]. Îäíàêî, â áîëåå ïîçäíèõ èññëåäîâàíèÿõ áûë ïîêàçàí õèìåðèçì ÷åëîâå÷åñêîãî ë¸ãî÷íîãî ýïèòåëèÿ, âêëþ÷àÿ àëüâåîëÿðíûé, ïîñëå òðàíñïëàíòàöèè ãåìàïîýòè÷åñêèõ ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê [8, 9], íî íèêòî íå ïîêàçûâàë ýíãðàôòèíãà êëåòîê êîñòíîãî ìîçãà. Ñëèÿíèå ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê êîñòíîãî ìîçãà ñ ë¸ãî÷íûì ýïèòåëèåì ÷åëîâåêà áûëî ïðîäåìîíñòðèðîâàíî in vitro [10], îäíàêî íå áûëî îáíàðóæåíî â òêàíÿõ, ïîëó÷åííûõ îò ïàöèåíòîâ, êîòîðûì áûëè òðàíñïëàíòèðîâàíû êëåòêè ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîãî ïîëà [8, 9, 11]. Àâòîðû ñòàòüè, íåäàâíî îïóáëèêîâàííîé â æóðíàëå Tissue Engineering, ïðåäïîëîæèëè, ÷òî êëåòêè êîñòíîãî ìîçãà ìîãóò ó÷àñòâîâàòü â ðåýïèòåëèçàöèè àëüâåîë. Ñ öåëüþ ïðîâåðêè ýòîé ãèïîòåçû áûëè èññëåäîâàíû àðõèâíûå îáðàçöû òêàíåé îò ïàöèåíòîâ-ìóæ÷èí, êîòîðûå ïîëó÷èëè òðàíñïëàíòàòû îò äîíîðîâ-æåíùèí, à òàêæå îáðàçöû, âçÿòûå ïðè âñêðûòèè îò æåíùèí, ïîëó÷èâøèõ òðàíñïëàíòàòû êîñòíîãî ìîçãà îò äîíîðîâ-ìóæ÷èí. Èäåíòèôèêàöèþ êëåòîê êîñòíîãî ìîçãà è èçóÊëåòî÷íàÿ òðàíñïëàíòîëîãèÿ è òêàíåâàÿ èíæåíåðèÿ ¹ 1 (3), 2006 ÷åíèå âîçìîæíîãî ñëèÿíèÿ ïðîâîäèëè ìåòîäîì âûÿâëåíèÿ Õ- è Y-õðîìîñîì. Áûëî ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî êëåòêè âíåëåãî÷íîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ ìîãóò õèìåðèçîâàòü ë¸ãêèå è äèôôåðåíöèðîâàòüñÿ â àëüâåîëÿðíûé ýïèòåëèé, à òàêæå, ÷òî, ïî êðàéíåé ìåðå, ÷àñòü èç ýòèõ êëåòîê èìååò êîñòíîìîçãîâîå ïðîèñõîæäåíèå (ìàòåðèàë îò ðåöèïèåíòîâ ïîñëå òðàíñïëàíòàöèè êîñòíîãî ìîçãà). Ó æåíùèí, ïîëó÷èâøèõ êîñòíûé ìîçã îò äîíîðîâ-ìóæ÷èí, âî ìíîãèõ òèïàõ ë¸ãî÷íûõ êëåòîê áûëà íàéäåíà Y-õðîìîñîìà. Ïîäòâåðæäåíèå íàëè÷èÿ ýíòîäåðìàëüíûõ ïðîèçâîäíûõ èç ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê êîñòíîãî ìîçãà èìååò áîëüøåå çíà÷åíèå, òàê êàê îá ýòîé âîçìîæíîñòè ñîîáùàåòñÿ â ðÿäå èññëåäîâàíèé [2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12] (åñëè íå ïðèíèìàòü â ðàñ÷åò àëüòåðíàòèâíóþ òî÷êó çðåíèÿ î ðàçâèòèè ëåãî÷íîãî ýïèòåëèÿ èç ìàòåðèàëà ïðåõîðäàëüíîé ïëàñòèíêè, ò.å. ýêòîäåðìàëüíîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ). Íàáëþäåíèÿ èññëåäîâàòåëåé ïîêàçàëè, ÷òî ýïèòåëèé ë¸ãêèõ âçðîñëîãî ÷åëîâåêà îáëàäàåò ñïîñîáíîñòüþ ê âîññòàíîâëåíèþ, èñïîëüçóÿ êëåòêè èç îäíîãî èëè íåñêîëüêèõ âíåë¸ãî÷íûõ èñòî÷íèêîâ. Ñàìè àâòîðû óêàçûâàþò íà òî, ÷òî èì, êàê è äðóãèì ãðóïïàì, ïûòàâøèìñÿ îáíàðóæèòü â ë¸ãêèõ êëåòêè âíåë¸ãî÷íîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ [8, 9], ïðèøëîñü ñòîëêíóòüñÿ ñ îïðåäåë¸ííûìè ïðîáëåìàìè, ãëàâíûì îáðàçîì, çàêëþ÷àâøèìèñÿ â ïëîõîé ñîõðàííîñòè òêàíè, ÷òî ìîæåò ñêàçàòüñÿ íà ÷óâñòâèòåëüíîñòè ìåòîäîâ äåòåêöèè. Âñå îáðàçöû ë¸ãî÷íûõ òðàíñïëàíòàòîâ èìåëè ÿâíóþ ïàòîëîãèþ, âñå ïàöèåíòû ñòðàäàëè õðîíè÷åñêèì îòòîðæåíèåì òðàíñïëàíòàòà. ×òî êàñàåòñÿ ïàöèåíòîâ, êîòîðûì áûëà ïðîâåäåíà òðàíñïëàíòàöèÿ êîñòíîãî ìîçãà, òî èõ ñìåðòü íàñòóïèëà â ðåçóëüòàòå äûõàòåëüíîé íåäîñòàòî÷íîñòè. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, ïðèâëå÷åíèå êëåòîê ìîãëî áûòü îòâåòîì íà ñèãíàëû, ïîðîæä¸ííûå òêàíÿìè ë¸ãêîãî â ïðîöåññå ïàòîãåíåçà.  ñâåòå ýòîãî ìîæíî ïðåäïîëîæèòü íåîáõîäèìîñòü äàëüíåéøèõ èññëåäîâàíèé ñõîäíûõ îáðàçöîâ çäîðîâûõ ë¸ãêèõ, ÷òîáû îïðåäåëèòü, ÿâëÿåòñÿ ëè ïðèâëå÷åíèå âíåë¸ãî÷íûõ êëåòîê ÷àñòüþ íîðìàëüíîãî ïðîöåññà îáíîâëåíèÿ, èëè æå îíî çàäåéñòâóåòñÿ èñêëþ÷èòåëüíî ïðè ïîâðåæäåíèè. Ñâèäåòåëüñòâà, ïîëó÷åííûå íà ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíûõ ìîäåëÿõ, óêàçûâàþò íà ïîñëåäíåå, òàê êàê êëåòêè âíåë¸ãî÷íîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ îáíàðóæèâàþòñÿ â òêàíÿõ ñðàçó ïîñëå ïîâðåæäåíèÿ [5]. Õîòÿ ýêñïåðèìåíòû in vitro, ðàññìàòðèâàþùèå îòâåò ÷åëîâå÷åñêèõ ìåçåíõèìàëüíûõ êëåòîê íà ïîâðåæäåíèå äûõàòåëüíîãî ýïèòåëèÿ, ïîêàçûâàþò ñëèÿíèå íåêîòîðûõ êëåòîê [10], òàêîå ñëèÿíèå íå áûëî îáíàðóæåíî ó ïàöèåíòîâ, 15 Íîâîñòè êëåòî÷íûõ òåõíîëîãèé ïîëó÷èâøèõ òðàíñïëàíòàòû îò äîíîðîâ ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîãî ïîëà [8, 9, 11]. Áîëåå òîãî, Harris ïîêàçàë äèôôåðåíöèðîâêó ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê, ïîëó÷åííûõ èç êîñòíîãî ìîçãà, â ë¸ãî÷íûé ýïèòåëèé áåç ñëèÿíèÿ in vivo [13]. Àâòîðû ñòàòüè ïðîòåñòèðîâàëè îáðàçöû òêàíåé íà ïîëèïëîèäèþ ñîïóòñòâóþùåé äåìîíñòðàöèåé Õ- è Y-õðîìîñîì. È õîòÿ êëåòîê ñ àíîìàëüíûì õðîìîñîìíûì íàáîðîì îáíàðóæåíî íå áûëî, èññëåäîâàòåëè ñ÷èòàþò, ÷òî èç-çà ïðèðîäû ìàòåðèàëà âîçìîæíî áûëî ïðîâåñòè èñ÷åðïûâàþùèé òåñò íà ïîëèïëîèäèþ. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, â ðàáîòå ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî êëåòêè, ìèãðèðîâàâøèå â ë¸ãêèå èç âíåëåãî÷íîãî èñòî÷íèêà (â ÷àñòíîñòè êîñòíîãî ìîçãà), ñïîñîáíû ê ýíãðàôòèíãó è äèôôåðåíöèðîâêå â êëåòêè àëüâåîëÿðíîãî ýïèòåëèÿ, à òàêæå â êëåòêè ìåçåíõèìàëüíîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ, âêëþ÷àÿ ìàêðîôàãè, ýíäîòåëèé è ãëàäêèå ìèîöèòû. Ðàáîòà ïîäòâåðæäàåò, ÷òî òàêîé ìåõàíèçì ðåïàðàòèâíîé ðåãåíåðàöèè âîçìîæåí â ë¸ãêèõ ÷åëîâåêà. ËÈÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÀ: 1. Jiang Y., Jahagirdar B.N., Reinhardt R.L. et al. Pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult marrow. Nature 2002; 418: 41-9. 2. Kotton D.N., Ma B.Y., Cardoso W.V. et al. Bone marrow-derived cells as progenitors of lung alveolar epithelium. Development 2001; 128: 5181-8. 3. Okamoto R., Yajima T., Yamazaki M. et al. Damaged epithelia regenerated by bone marrow-derived cells in the human gastrointestinal tract. Nat. Med. 2002; 8: 1011-7. 4. Ying Q.L., Nichols J., Evans E.P., Smith A.G. Changing potency by spontaneous fusion. Nature 2002; 416: 545-8. 5. Krause D.S., Theise N.D., Collector M.I. et al. Multi-organ, multi-lineage engraftment by a single bone marrow-derived stem cells. Cell 2001; 105: 369-77. 6. Theise N.D., Henegariu O., Grove J. et al. Radiation pneumonitis in mice: A severe injury model for pneumocyte engraftment from bone marrow. Exp. Haematol. 2002; 30: 1333-8. 7. Davies J.C., Potter M., Bush A. et al. Bone marrow stem cells do not repopulate the healthy upper respiratory tract. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2002; 34: 251-6. Ïîäîáíûå ðàáîòû ìîãóò óêàçàòü íà íîâûå èíòåðåñíûå âîçìîæíîñòè äëÿ ëå÷åíèÿ çàáîëåâàíèé ë¸ãêèõ. Êëåòêè, ïðèõîäÿùèå â ë¸ãêîå ïðè åãî ïîâðåæäåíèè, ïðåäñòàâëÿþò ñîáîé ïîòåíöèàëüíî óïðàâëÿåìóþ ñèñòåìó, êîòîðàÿ ìîæåò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ äëÿ óñêîðåíèÿ âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ ýïèòåëèÿ ëåãêèõ.  äîïîëíåíèå ê ýòîìó, âîçìîæíî, ðåïîïóëÿöèÿ ïîâðåæä¸ííûõ äûõàòåëüíûõ ïóòåé íîðìàëüíûìè êëåòêàìè ìîæåò áûòü äîñòèãíóòà ïðè òðàíñïëàíòàöèè êîñòíîãî ìîçãà, êàê áûëî ïîêàçàíî äðóãèìè àâòîðàìè ïðè ëå÷åíèè ìóêîâèñöèäîçà [8]. Àâòîðû òàêæå ïðåäïîëàãàþò, ÷òî òðàíñïëàíòàöèÿ êîñòíîãî ìîçãà ìîæåò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíà â êà÷åñòâå äîïîëíèòåëüíîãî òåðàïåâòè÷åñêîãî ñðåäñòâà ïðè ïðèìåíåíèè ãåííîé òåðàïèè. Ýòà âîçìîæíîñòü áûëà èññëåäîâàíà íà ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíîé ìîäåëè è áûëî ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî ñòâîëîâûå êëåòêè êîñòíîãî ìîçãà ìîãóò áûòü òðàíñôîðìèðîâàíû in vitro, à çàòåì, ïîñëå èìïëàíòàöèè, äèôôåðåíöèðîâàòüñÿ â äûõàòåëüíûé ýïèòåëèé ïðàêòè÷åñêè áåç ïîòåðü ýêñïðåññèè òðàíñãåíîâ [14]. 8. Suratt B.T., Cool C.D., Serls A.E. et al. Human pulmonary chimerism after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care. Med. 2003; 168: 318-22. 9. Mattsson J., Jansson M., Wernerson A., Hassan M. Lung epithelial cells and type II pneumocytes of donor origin after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transplantation 2004; 78: 154-7. 10. Spees J.L., Olson S.D., Ylostalo J. et al. Differentiation, cell fusion and nuclear fusion during ex vivo repair of epithelium by human adult stem cells from bone marrow stroma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2003; 100: 2397-402. 11. Kleeberger W., Versmold A., Rothamel T. et al. Increased chimerism of bronchial and alveolar epithelium in human lung allografts undergoing chronic injury. Am. J. Pathol. 2003; 162: 1487-9. 12. Vassilopoulos G., Wang P.R., Russell D.W. Transplanted bone marrow regenerates liver by cell fusion. Nature 2003; 422: 901-4. 13. Harris R.G., Herzog E.L., Brusca E.M. et al. Lack of a fusion requirement for development of bone marrow-derived epithelia. Science 2004; 305: 90-3. 14. Grove J.E., Lutzko C., Priller J. et al. Marrow-derived cells as vehicles for delivery of gene therapy to pulmonary epithelium. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2002; 27: 645-51. Ïîäãîòîâèëà À.Ñ. Ãðèãîðÿí Ïî ìàòåðèàëàì Tissue Eng; 2005; 11: 1115 Ó÷àñòèå ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê âîëîñÿíîãî ôîëëèêóëà â çàæèâëåíèè êîæíûõ ðàí Èçâåñòíî, ÷òî êîæà è âîëîñû ìëåêîïèòàþùèõ õàðàêòåðèçóþòñÿ âûñîêîé ñêîðîñòüþ îáíîâëåíèÿ çà ñ÷¸ò ïðîëèôåðàöèè è äèôôåðåíöèðîâêè ïðîãåíèòîðíûõ êëåòîê. Ê ñòâîëîâûì êëåòêàì (ÑÊ) âîëîñÿíîãî ôîëëèêóëà (ÂÔ), îòâåòñòâåííûì ïðåæäå âñåãî çà ðîñò âîëîñà, îòíîñÿò 2 ïîïóëÿöèè, îäíà èç êîòîðûõ ðàñïîëîæåíà â äåðìàëüíîì ñîñî÷êå íèæíåé ÷àñòè ôîëëèêóëà, à äðóãàÿ - â áóãîðêå - bulge (ÁÂÔ), ëîêàëèçîâàííîì â âåðõíåé åãî ÷àñòè ïîä óñòüåì ñàëüíîé æåëåçû [1].  íîðìå èõ ïðîëèôåðàöèÿ è äèôôåðåíöèðîâêà îáóñëàâëèâàþò ôîðìèðîâàíèå âñåõ òèïîâ êëåòîê ÂÔ, ñàëüíîé è ïîòîâîé æåëåç. Áûëî ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî â ðåïàðàöèè ïîâðåæäåíèÿ êîæè ó÷àñòâóþò êàê áàçàëüíûå êëåòêè ýïèäåðìèñà, òàê è êëåòêè äåðìàëüíîãî ñîñî÷êà [2]. Ó÷àñòèå êëåòîê áóãîðêà ÂÔ â ðåãåíåðàöèè êîæè îñòà¸òñÿ íåèçó÷åííûì. Ãðóïïîé Cotsarelis èç University of Pennsylvania áûëî óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî ñïåöèôè÷íûì ìàðê¸ðîì ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê ÁÂÔ ÿâëÿåòñÿ âûñîêèé óðîâåíü ýêñïðåññèè áåëêà öèòîêåðàòèíà-15 [3]. Ðàíåå áûëî ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî ýòè êëåòêè êàê ìèíèìóì áèïîòåíòíû è ìèãðèðóþò â ýïèäåðìèñ ôèçèîëîãè÷åñêè è â ïðîöåññå ðåãåíåðàöèè [5, 7]. Ïîçäíåå âûÿñíèëîñü, ÷òî êëåòêè ÁÂÔ îáëàäàþò ñâîéñòâàìè êëîíîãåííîñòè è ìóëüòèïîòåíòíû. Ïðè òðàíñïëàíòàöèè ïîñëå 140 óäâîåíèé â êóëüòóðå îíè äàâàëè íà÷àëî âñåì ëèíèÿì êëåòîê, ó÷àñòâóþùèì â ôîðìèðîâàíèè âîëîñà. Ìíîãî÷èñëåííûå ôîëëèêóëû áûëè ñôîðìèðîâàíû îò ïîòîìñòâà òîëüêî îäíîé ÑÊ [4]. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, ðàáîòû ðÿäà èññëåäîâàòåëüñêèõ ãðóïï äîêàçàëè, ÷òî êëåòêè îáëàñòè ÁÂÔ ÿâëÿþòñÿ èñòèííûìè ÑÊ âçðîñëîãî îðãàíèçìà ìëåêîïèòàþùèõ [1, 3-6]. Îòêðûòèå äîëãîæèâóùèõ ÑÊ â ýïèäåðìèñå è îáëàñòè ÁÂÔ, ïðèâåëî ê ïîÿâëåíèþ ãèïîòåçû î òîì, ÷òî, âîçìîæíî, ýòè êëåòêè ó÷àñòâóþò è â îáíîâëåíèè ýïèäåðìèñà â íîðìå, è ïðè çàæèâëåíèè êîæíûõ ðàí [1]. Äëÿ ïðîâåðêè ýòîé ãèïîòåçû ãðóïïà âî ãëàâå ñ George Cotsarelis ïðîèçâåëà «ãåííóþ àáëÿöèþ» ýòèõ êëåòîê, èñïîëüçóÿ èõ óíèêàëüíûé ìàðêåð - öèòîêåðàòèí-15.  ðåçóëüòàòå ïîäîáíîé àáëÿöèè ðîñò âîëîñ ïðåêðàùàëñÿ ïî ïðè÷èíå ïîëíîé äåãðàäàöèè ôîëëèêóëîâ, îäíàêî ýïèäåðìèñ Êëåòî÷íàÿ òðàíñïëàíòîëîãèÿ è òêàíåâàÿ èíæåíåðèÿ ¹ 1 (3), 2006