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"41. – ) ' - ,' , - – ; .# , , " 42 .4 , "" ", - : ) " ( 1954 . ; : , "/ / , / / ,/ - / $ , , –/ : ". - ", - , , .) , .( / - $ "43. .( " ( - ", , , ( & ) , -' "' ' "/ ": : "' ," " (# "/ " - , ) . - " , :' , – " " ' 44 "/ ' )– , . - ( 5 : * . . " % % – % , % % - .( 4 " . . 6) - " – ," ' " % & . 5 " "/ "( – – ". - " ", , $ " ( " – - ) ( , " . –" - ") "), - .! . % , – , , . , , , $ $ - ? , , , ( ), , – ), ( " " "). " – elan vital + ( - , - - - , (, % $ ) - , , ( –" "; " ", " ", " " " " "– morphe – " "). " ( ), ( "; ) " ( - " - ), ) ( " ). 5 , , ' , , , – , . " 4 " " ": pragmata, . . : "6 , $ " " " "" , " $ " 46 , $ " ( – , – " : " $ - $ ) , ", 0 % , - 47 – " (praxis). " pragmata ""45. ( ). . - . ) , , " " " . / , - , – – ( )– ( 7 "– & 4 ./ 4 ,4 , 7 ), / , / , 4 (" / - ), .% " ", " . , , " ( ) - .! ( , ). , - , / 4 , . . - - . / 7 - 7 .% ; ( ) , . $ , + , $ , – " , .) " - , ", ( #" % , - ( ), & ") –" - , ," ", , , - 7 , ( ) – . , ' , " $ " " , " , " , , " ". 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" , " " " ", " - , - , & .# - , $ , " , - , ) , – , " ( ), –" " ", – - " . # , $ . & , ; " $ , , , - , , . 4 , 5* "< 0, 4 ! 0, ; – 4 ! * + * - '"- 4< /* , $ ") "1 ! +4 '*- – # " "– - , . ; , $ ( "$ , , , " " .). + , - , " . , , $ " . Locus classicus "& ) ( - ) " – " ( "% ": " )– 4 " " ( :" ). "– $ " - " " - . 1. < – - . - 2. % – , , $ , . 3. < , , $ . % " . 4. ) , , ; . ) $ , " " ( $ .5 . - ( (III . (V . . .), . .) $ " ). ! " $ & XVIII $ . - 57 ( / " ., . " " , & XIX ) - - $ & - " ), , , $ " " , " ) " , " , " " , - " . " " ( % , ("' " . - " $ ", ", "(". " " ", "+ - "), ") 618 .). ) ", "/ "* ") , -' ( - ", "* "* , / , ( 2 ,3 / 9 " " " "), ( " 1 # " $ , - ). ! 1 " - ", " - - " . " , ) & ' # .+ " , , , - ' (! , ( % ) () & , ,) ) " - " , ( , " & , , ?" – ), / ( ), ( " , 4 , & . ' : & , - " , - " . % , , & , , , " , – "6 - " , , ( , "). , 4 - ). $ , : " ( ) ( " $ ") " ( " ' " " - ") , " , " & "– " " - , , . & " " , - " . , & , , " " $ .( " , " ( ( ), , )( , , ). ( " , - - $ , $ " - , , - , . % , $ " $ , " – ( - )58. ' , , , , . , , , , – - , " ( ). ) . ' () $ ' $ , $ ) ) ( , , ( " , # , "). ) , . % ; " ) : "(25-220 . .) ( , ), - , .- $ , " , $ , " . $ - " $, ( $" ( $ ) .) $ " , " ( $ "" "1 ", " anima), " "* ; $ "). & $ "" ( " ". ' $ , , ( , ; animus) , ) " ). ) , , - $ .% " , - , $ $ ( ) ( ) , , ) ( – $ . " 7 , " " .- " " : $ ( ), - , " , " " " , – , $ " " $–" " ( " $ , - ), ", ). & ( – $ – , " $ , ; – , , - $ – " , , .& , " ( - .: "# ": $ - , $ "). # ", , $ .- , " " , ," " / , ) , , " - $ " , $ , " , . $ (II . (/ ; $ ) ) , . .), , - , ' , ( " - . - , , , " 59 , " % (1130-1200) , ) , , . $ $ : $ "- , , - , " < ( " ), , . " , " $ $ " " , / - " .) , , " ( $ - " " $ ", ). * " 1 841), 7 , , - , , (780- ", . " , & " . $ .0 . " - " (284-363), ; "+ ( ) " , " " ( ). ( – .- ) - – " .) $ , : : .& , , , ) .& , .! $ – - " , $ $ $ ' , . ( " - , . , .& , ( , ": ( ), .# " - . $ -) ?"60 , - ( ", , ; ). & " $ ( ); , , , - $ . % , , , ; " , ( " , ). ) - - , , – , - , " - "( " ). , - , - ", , " .! , " , # $ " . " " .( " " , & " , , ; $ ( " – "% "" ; , ; - , $ . / , ; : "+ ). . - - " - : " $ , , " , " – " , " : – - " , , , , , ' ( " V-VI , , , " . 2 , - / , - ). , ; $ , " .! , , " , .) " ( " , " ). % , , "). " ; ( , ( " " ( " , , - , . 6" , " , . .) " ( )61. # , , " . - , " - "", , , " ", . # " ", , ( ) , . ) . $ .4 , " , - - " , ; , - ; - (V-VI .), " ; " - ( " "( ) " $ " ( ) " - ). ) $ " $ " - . 1 " # – + . , ? . , . , . , . ? , , # , $ -) - # . ) 6 - 4 $ – - , – , , , . , – / ) % - ( ?62 , " " 1 $ - # " , , , , ) (' ) - $ , . , , $ , - , . / ' -) + , , - – , ? " - ' ," , , .6 / - , , ( .# $ ' , - ; : "! ), , 6 .# ", " 63 $ ) % ; $ , # ' - ", – 6 " ", "/ $ " - . - . - , " "* - - " " ". ( )1 # (II . . .). - – . –- 1 " ", " " (, 9 "" (' ; 365-427), , )64. , – . & – " $ - , , ( ) " . . . ", - - ", ", $ - " % ), " " ( , $ " – " " ( " - ", " , .- , – " – " " ", " - " ", – ") .) - " , - $ " , - " " - - .# " ( , ), : ( - " $ , " " ) .) – ,– , " , – $ $ - $ . " - 1 . , " - , .! " - " : ' % ) * $ # - , ; , . $ . , , – " " $ – " $ ' 4 , . - " in vino veritas: " , ", , - $ , . : - " .! . 5 .' - # ( ) – - , - , . ( - ( , ) . - " ( " , , " - , – , $ ) - . .# - ) - -4 -/ ' ". - , " ( ) , , " . ' " , : , , - " , ./ " : ' "? ! # < ! < # , $ " : . , . , " , " ". " " - ". : $ , $ - , " " , $ , 8 . 0 " , , – - : - , , $ , " . , , .. . # " "– . "/ - , - " ( .2 " - ) " ". ( " $ . 0 , "1 " ( ", - – " - "/ " ; , "/ ) " , 7 , , , $ , , & - , , , "/ - ", . $ , , " - ". ( - .2 . 18. - / , , , .+ , , , , , , , : "& , , $ - $ , , - – . 18 , $ ?" # $ - . $ $ , , , , " . " , ! - $ $ " , , $ . " "/ - " " " " "" – , ", , – – - " , $ $ "/ " - – ". , , " " " . 2 " ) - $ , : - " .& , " , , , ), " " , .' ( , , $ , - , $ , , - : , ' : ", .( $ ) , ) " "/ - ". ! " , , - / - . , : - ", " . 18 " " "$ "& "; 3 , , , ?% – , – .8 " .; ; .- - - , ' " .- – – . . / . , , .) "( , .# .# - / .' " - , , " " – . )65. . .. - " " , ( - ), , "/ - , .) , ", , " . ) $ "/ - " – " – , ( . 1) . $ "" - , , , $ " . # " $ " , $ ( " ", " ( , , ) " , $ , , , – $ ; "0 " ) , "– # " ; , , " " ,! ! ( , , " ,! ". " ! , , " , $ 66 . # , & ( )" ) ( –' )" . " "/ ( - " % - 3 " # ( –$ . – , % ) $ ( , , " "" ( ). "+ , ; - ". ) . 1) "+ - :! : "% ( ) "67. – , $ ;* .# $ " ( . 14). 2) "+ , - : "% , " , " , .% ; ,– , ). - ( , , $ , $ $ , , , - - - "" ( . 3). ( , ; " , ; , - "– , ; (* / $ ), $ ) . : " , ! / , / , - / . ) , / - ( ), & , , , " $ , $ . " ; , " ", . $ . " " " .) - " " , , " , * - - / , * . - , - , 1 , " " . # , / , " .! " " , / " .6 $ .& " , , - , , , , ; , " ? 68 , ' , , " , - , , . , 5 ? - - , ,– . , , , , , " , , , $ " ( . 14). - $ .) " $ ) ( , ; ) , $ , " " , , , $ " " " "/ - ", ", "/ - ", .- $ , ", ; ,, % , . , ; ). - , " "/ - "$ " " ( , + - " " - " , , ( " , , " 8 , -) ,5 ), ) . 6 "/ - " ("' , $ - " , –6 $ "–" "): , , , – .! 4 .! , , " , ) 4 , $ , .! $ " . ! , ;2 - 4 , , . ; . ; ; & , , ) ; , .! , + - , , , % ) , 2 - ", $ " " 3 $ , ( 4 ). , " ' ; - , $ ; 1 ; & - , -$ ;/ , ) ; ; - ) 3 - , < , % $ ; . " 3 , % 6' , $ ' % , % , # 4 ;9 - - % , , " ) . , , , ;2 9 , ) , . : $ " , " . " - - / " , - , " $ " ' -) .4 / – ' : " - ( " ). , ! , (" ") , " ", , " " & , , " "/ - , " , " , $ , , - ", 1 " ( 9 , 1 " "' - .# ", " 7 - , - .# " , $ , +) ", , $ . $ , "/ , - , 1- ). ) ", ( " - ) 13: ) ; ( ( , ) ) ) )) , ) , - . - 4 " " $ , ,4 . $ , , , ; .! " " ( . 3); " –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– ", " , $ ", $ ", , "– . " , " , - " - ), "' 1) "6 ". , , ), - $ ) - ( ; $ ; " ; " ", , .) , – " , .# - " " (! , ) ( - , " - ". 2) ") , " 4 . , " - .) $ . ' -) ", ) , ", <...> , - , ;6/ - " " , 8$. <...> 6 / - , 4 ,6/ " - . , - + - ,6/ - , # $ ". 3) "5 , " <...> , , , , , .' " , " <...> $ , - , , , $ ". 4 4 " " " - " , . 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" " – - , - $ / " " - , $ " $ $ ) , ) ( , ), , % $ & XII . ), " "" " 6 % – - " & ", ", ). ! $ " , , ; ( $ - $ , 72 $ , # ( 1 1 ( 1 1 , . III .). " , ; $ ), , , , - " ( " ), , , , , " .* , - , , " " - # . , - - , . $ & , " $ .& $ ; - : , ( , " , " – , - ) , , " , , " , " ; , , - " , , $ , " , , –# $ . , ) . (" "), " . $ " – " " ( ) $ , " " , , " , , - , "; , $ "" " " "( " )73. , , & " $ , . # $ ( - ) – .6 " " ", .) , " - " , . & , - < # ( – ). # . , , , IV-V $ $ ("; "). , ( & , .) - , , ( - " –" "), " , " ", $ . , % , , $ - " "$ " " . , VI . " 2 " " ("3 - 2 ( / . - "). , / V– . 515) "! $ VI ., 6- (% 8 ), "; , $ , " , % - "). , 3 9 ; 2 / $ ", ; - , , - " ("4 " ( , ), 2 / - . ) ( 2 / ), "– ( ). & $ ( .' , ). - "– , , - " .+ " ". ( / , $ , 2 " - ", 2 / " " . , " ; / / " ; / - . " " , " - ; , $ , $ " . " ; 2 / ( " $ - , $ " " ), " .# ") " ("9 (780-841), ( - " "! $ / ) " $ ; 3 . 713) ; -" 3 " " 1 " / ; . - 1 $ " , & , – . 1 $ - - – - , , , , ?& $ , $ " " " - ". , # , - 1 / - , , ?" 4 ". 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XVI . 8 ( 3 - , 1472-1529). 8 - , " .- , , , 8 - . , & , " .) - $ . , , " ( - ), - $ , . , " .# , , - . 6 , , 8 - , % , / , " $ , ) ( - ). % ) ( ( - , " ( - , 6 . - . . # - $ ), " ( " ) " ". 6 , , " $ 5 ( 6 " + ") (' + , )+ / ( ). ) , , / , $ , " $ ), 8 - , $ : ". $ , $ ' " ". 3 , , + , ? % – " $ , & , $ : "4 $ (* % * 1 - -$ , / ", 3 ". ; " , $ - " 1 8 , , 1139-1193), " - " ? ( & 3 , , $ , , " ( , , - ) (" . "– $ & $ * " - $ & , $ 1602 . )* / 8 . , - $ . . – - " , $ - , & XVII . , " " , " 1620 . " $ , 1644 . , ) .! " $ " - " , , $ $ 1 . $ XVIII $ , 80 $ , $ , $ " , " $ " . 4 "" " ( ). ) ( " , - ,3 & XX . $ ) & - . ! , $ "( "" – 9- – (1895-1990), / * 3 1 – " " (1893(1887- , 4 , % :* 3 - ", " , ' . ' ) ; * . %30 2 9- 1 $ - , , / $ " " , % 3 " $ XX .. 0.+ , %30 ). " $ 1988), % 3 (1885-1968), 2 1988) ; * ( . 1902). ! - " - & 1949 . - $ . " " $ ) ( $ 1949 . & 1 7 ", " XV-XVI . "( %30. & $ - (1909-1978), % . , – , : 1 2 - " , My (p. 1895), . 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" $ ) , , -' . $ 106 , 105 $ "' " , ". # , " . 5 , $ .# , , " ". 5 "? . , . -' . $ "' -' " . & * " " " - ", ", , - " " " ' ( , " ( ), "" " "– "– , ), " " ; , , " .# " "' " ( "/ ) - " –" -' , " "/ ; ), " " (" ) "– - ( " ), ( " ). , ( ' " "/ ", "/"; "; - - " "' " ", " (IV-II ( ! "). "107), " " ("; " . . .): < " ("* -$ "/ * # - ") - $ " " " " , , (" ") " " , .' , " "/ - " , " "' -' " ", $ . % 108 - ) III-IV ., + , ; 8 "' -' / , " , % % , " & " (* - ; , % , , " + (226- II . . .) 109 .+ 249). , " . - , ", – ( - , . ' , $ ( , " , , " , . .), : " , ( .' $ $ "$ . (6 , 1 / , $ % )110 , , $ " " ( - , "$ , # 1 % $ * " $ (1 " $ ), 7 ) " , " " ;I; – XX . " ". * " , " $ - , " " " . * , –2 " - " 7 (*. , 0.. ), " . - 111 . ) , , - $ " , " , " " - ( " "' " " " ; -' ), - ", "/ - " " , " (" ". "" % & " . 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" XVII ., 9 & " , " / + ( (6 3 - , 1552-1641) . 5 , / 2 - , % + / $ , # - ., # ). ) 5 " ) " , 134 1 1 135 . / / , " , $ 63- / 65- - ( " $ - ) ) # 5 & $ , . - $ " (1644-1911). 5 * , $ ( " % ), $ # " " $ - - . , - , ( , " ), , - 7 : . ) • , . . , ( - , ), , ; " • " ( ) (# " (# ) " ; $ , $ " • " ( ); - ) " .! , , 136 ; , • " " "– (" 8 ( ) ( ; * - $ " - , , * 139 , ) ) ; - ' . , " , 137 " ; " " - )138; " + ( ( " . ( - , - $ * - " "( ) $ • ) 1 "# " • $ , " . .), " . $ - 5 , " " " • " " • ": "( , , . .); "; : " - " ; - • • • • ; " ; " ;" - ; " . . $ " " : " " , " " " , , " II $ " (" $ , - ) , " " . " 1) ", " ; 2) " 3) " - "' -' " ", "/ - " , - , ( ). ," ( ) " " " $ , - " , " . ; , $ , - , . ( 7 ( " " ( ), , $ " , ) " , . " $ '0!%%&#5 .?%*#-5*> ?5 ) 0&-#&# ("2#*!%!2#8") - 1 , , " $ $ $ , $ , - , " –/ % , "" " " $ $ " – , 0 ./ $ " + * , , " - 1 / , - .! " XX . " $ , , .( - , " - " $ 1950 , - , 0.. . $ " , - , , ) ( & , , " ; III-IV * , - ( ., " "), , - / , , - . . ( ; ( ) - $ , , ) $ . , , , " " ( )140, " - " . , ) , , . - ) , ," , " - $ " .) . & & " , " ( ), . ": "! $ $ " "( ( " -' ) " " $ ), " ( ), " ( ), $ – " $ ) $ ). $ : –" – " - . " "( "' ( $ , " , , "( $ ; " , " - , , & , , ,– , " . " - – $ , $ " , ). " ( . 2) : 141 " – 4 $ . – . ) , 4 , " : , , . , $ ? , - " " , $ " , . " : ", $ - $ , ". - & " .' $ $ $ $ $ $ $ , , : , + + + , . . . . . $ , , " , , . " , $ - ; . ) -) ' ; + ; - + ; . – .) , – . – ) ' -) , . , ) " , .! " $ " , , .( .! , - , + , $ ' -) ' . 38) : , , , , $ 3 . . & , - !# - . ! !! $ .( - , . 18) , 6 - .' , ' ( , ): , ! , ! , ! % ) , , ! . : . 6 % , .( - , . 19) ) . , , ab ovo, "' , , ) # + # -' ": , -' ) , – , 4 . , #" # - " % % % . " , ! , ? , ' $ ) - ", ) . - , " , ) - . , $- , , $ , , ' , .- " ' ", .' , $ .' " , , . . . . . . . . , , , - : , . - $ & & , , ) ) - : , – , . – . , ) , , . , , ( - , . 2) , ( , "/ " . " , " .' 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"& , , " " , : " . – - , , , .# . . , " " " . $ " - , $ " @ .( " ( " "), " , - , + ..0 . + , " : " " , " " - , . " , $ , " ) , ($ , " ", - ). - ( , "–0 " ), '" , , - + - : , , – " "– - (" VII-IX 3 % , 0 ", .). , $ .& "- + , " $ ( ) –/ " - : "6 $ + . – $.%.). " $ ( " , " , ' " - – - , ". . 5 " ( ; ), , $ , , . - ", , - $ ( :" ), - 7 7 " $ ., " , " , , $ " , + - " + , - .& ( " 0 ?! " + , .% ", " .6 , " " - 0 "). % , , ( contradictio in 0 , , adjecto (" , " ). & . , " $ , . " & ( & 3 "), & $ , $ , – ) , $ , , 7 $ , 7 - # , 7 7 , " " , 7 7 , - "! ( 3 - .2 , $ , - : ), .0 " . .5 $ $ ( , - , ), " 3 , $ , $ , $ - ). # . , " ( , $ , - ). & , . # " 0 " , :0 " , : " $ " " - ". ! , , .0 , , + " . .# , $ 3 " , $ .) , " , - , , - 7 , " + , $ " . ) " " - 7 - " " . : ( , $ ) "? , , $ " " " - , " . , # , " " " , " . , - " . " . " " XIX . ) " . " " " "% " , " - " . " , " $ " ( " " – "& 3 , IX ., "% . " , XIV .). " " " ", " " " – "& $ " " . #" , , $ $ " – , . XX . * , $ -) , , – , $ $ ", " , , - .# " , $ . , " , – $ $ 2.#.@ (1869-1942), "The Conception of Buddhist Nirvana" – "& ( " " (*., 1927). , 4 :@ " " , ". ' " : " ", , " , " " " - $ , " , " ". " $ - ", . 0.( @ . ) - $ XX . , $ . - , " -.. $ . $ , - , 1955 . "1 "–0 : .- ". . " , $ , , " , , , – " 0 / ( + ( - " ) "– - 80-90, . . " ) .5 . + " " , , - " " " ( – – , $ – - " 2.#.@ -.. ) .% - " " & - 4 (1959). + - . # . - $ ( ) " " , , , " " $ . $ $ $ $ - & - " – VII , / "6 $ + . – $.%.). " $ ( " , " , ' : " - – - , ". . 5 " ( ; ), , $ , . - $ : ( - ), - 7 7 , $ $ " , " , " ", , , . , $ " $ . 5 , $ " " , : '.+ " 25 . " 24 -. .& " " .) " . & - , ' " , ( " " , - " , " . #" $ . 5 ( $ , " ) - $ , " , - $ , , "" " , "" . - . $ " , " , , – % , " ( ( " ( . ) ), – , – $ : ). % , $ , , . % , , - , , $ , , . , % " ( 0 $ ). , " $ . $ ) , - : ; + + , 26 " " ". " , $ . " , - + ( " ) " , . , , " - " # " .) , .# $ , " ", , , . , , , .# , " " " ", ( , " "). : " ( " ( , " " )27. / " , " " ( "? ( " ,, , " ", , "b", " " , % , " , , . / " " " " : " - $ ". / : – " " ) " ), "d", , 28 , " "( $ , , ". . , , - " ). ' , " " " , , , " , - - " " : ?( , , .! " - - ", . , " , " " . - $ , ", , , , - " , - " ", # ", " - - ", " ", " :" b", $ " , ". 0 , " , .' , – , $ .% $ ". $ , , – , , . 0 $ , , " , .5 $ , Deus sive natura, + , . 0 , , - , ? , -$ , $ " ". 4 , $ " , , , , "0 ". ! " , # ". . " , " , , " , ", , , , - ; , , 7 , 0 " $ , – !( " "", , .( " " , "( " ) $ , $ " .# " - " /& , " " , " " ; , " $ " "$ , " $ , " - ", . ! " , .0 - , " ( ) - " .# $ " " 29 , , , , " , , ". " " , "$ - " =!,0/0 0 ( #'< 8 0 0'0) 2 " , $ – $ ", – 0 0 " $ " . 5 , , IV , ( $ $ , V " , " $ 30 , ; , . " . $ " , , - , $ ) , " " , $ , ( . ( " $ - ; , , , . . , ), " ( $ ). + & , # .6 " - " . " - " " % , . ", . $ , . - - , $ " $ " , .= 7 , $ , , , , 7 . : , $ "$ ) $ , ; $ , – – . $ , ( ) - , –+ – .2 - , .- " , , - , , , " . ( $ ", " 31 "), (" $ " # , ( – & ") " ( (" (" " $ " - $ 0 " " .! 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" ) " & , " ( - " –- /6 4 ) , , "– (312-385) $ " - ' " " – $ , $ "( -' "+ " ( / (314-371), , "# , – , , ) "): "/ ( ). ' -) ( - ( " (" – $ ", . 6) " IV . % + – .3 ), ). & ("' )3. ) , - " - ( ; ") ", " $ , . ! (+ ), . + ( , , ( , ") $ ; ). # 7 (" $ – " ( , ("9 ) , ( $ - + ' -) " $ ' . – $.%.) , ). - " )4. 4 ( + , . .), ' . " , , + " " I-II ) – ) "' " ( ; ; $ ; , , * ; , ) " 5 ).% . . . (" * (* " , (" ", " ( ", + ) " , . - $ . ! " - - ") " " –" - , - ") ( - $ . - " , . ' # " ", - - "– , /$ " " / " 6 $ " , , " ... ! .% , 4 , , , – ?! 4 4 .- , .- , (" 7 . 2 "/ ", - . ' - 7 " " 77 , 4 " ") " , . – $.%.) "– " $ . 2). "( ., . . – $.%.) "– - , $ " " , 4 (" . , , , 4 , . ' "1 - / " " ("! "). 4 7 , , $ - , . - , . - , , ( , ( ( - ) - ). # , , ) , " - . " , $ ", , , , : "& , " - $ ?" ", " , - " $ – ( ' 6 – ?& " , - - / " – , ). - " " , $ ": 1) : " - ". " & "( )7 3 " - $ 2) .! , / - - " , . – ," " ( – $ ). - , . "* - ", . 3: "* , , " – , , " , , - " , " . - ", % ( , # ) " . ! "( " $ : "! .% "' ' ) - , -) " - .% , ) " ), ( ?! - -) ' " ?" (" - ", . 1). " - & , $ . - # " , ( , ). ( & ) " , ( , $ # , ), $ ( " – # , , ) " – . , " , ). % " ( - & $ ( " , "" " ) "( , ") .' ( ," , " " " , " ), , ( ) " (res cogitans ' , ) ( " $ , – - , ). ( ", - ( ). , - " " " " .% , , " ) , . . " " ( , - " ( " " " ) , 7 , .) V– 2 VI . "! / $ - , - ' " , . " ", . 2 , / ( ), , , " , ( " : / ). , , " $ ( , ), " ( 2 : / "; , , ( - ). & ( – .8 ( . . ), ... & – .) – - , . – $.%.), – "8. + - * 1 ") " " ( ", " – "! $ - , " : "* , , ( ). ) ( , " " ) ( ( )"9. ' ( ). % , ,* 1 ) , . ! - , 10 # . " , . $ ( # ( ), & , " # " ), " & , , . ", # - ": - , - "! , , $ $ . ! ' -) , – – .4 7 , , .. -) ' " 4 , -) ' $ "( .4 $ . 4 . 1). , .4 7 , , , , "( - , . 2). ( ) & , - # - ( ). + - 7 ) , ., $ . % $ . . " , $ " " " " # " , - . + , I " . # . . ; - 7 " " , XII . ( " . " ) ). # $ , - - $ 0$ , , , . - # , " " # $ - $ " " " & " , " , . " . 4 " - $ , , .) - & . # " V . " . ( (334-416) " ; - , . ; ". % " ; (402-404) ")11. 4 " ("% ( ). - , . - ; , " , : - , . . . ! " " $ , - ; , , , " , , " " $ " " " .( - ; " .0 .# " , , $ - " . , - - " . ' , " " ", $ , .4 " " " " : " , $ ", " " , , $ ( " " ) ; " ( : ) - " , ) " - & " ) ; ) .! - " " ) $ – " . " ", " " " ( " ") 2 , / & , ., $ $ & . ( - V– " ( " VI .), - & ). . - - " - " : " ; , .% - ". " $ $ ". " " , ) " " . $ - ", $ & ", ( . 372-289 - $ $ & $ $ . .) - ( - )– - . ". " # " , , % (+ 9 " ,2 $ , 0 .# , " , 23- , '" , , & $ " ). ) $ , , " , , " . + $ ( " ) , , + , , . # - " ( ), '" " ; , –' - -$ - , 498-569; , 546 .) " . # # " - ; )" . & ) - , , " , .) " # ( $ , , $ – ), " $ .) ". , ") " - " " " ", "' "0 " ". " " $ " (" $ $ " , " . $ " " "", "' $ $ , + 2 - ), & ( ":) & ( ( , ; "! " , , " " " $ " " " ( ) " ( ) ) " ). - ( ( " (". " . " , " $ "), $ , , , ) " - " $ " ( (360?-434) . $ " (/ ) - 1 , $ ". " " " " – "1 , . 8 )– . ". - " ( ") - "; ) " " , " . # ( ), - " , $ " " , - ( - - ( ) - " " $ , & , .- " " .' IX $ . ( " " - ) 1 ; ; (780-841) "! $ / " " ("9 " "). - - 1 - , ) ) , , - , " , , 1 " , .) $ - " " $ , ( ; - 1 , - , ( " $ " ( . ; , ), , . " , - 1 " - " .! , & " , 1 , " – " , " , . $ ( ) . , , .4 " + .4 " – " .# " % , – " , ( ) $ , . , .* " " , " . ) ", $ " .( , (" , - ") . # , , " " , 1 $ - " ". - , ( " , , . . " " " " " – " " ", " , " % ), 1 " - $ " ) ( "% - ). 1 - ( –2 - , " .! , - 1 - , ., , " ", ," " $ - , " , " - . ) " , .% " & ( ) - 1 , - " , "". ) $ $ ' ," " $ ", " " " ( " - ". ) , - – $ ) , " - " . ! , " " " ( ) , ) ( , " , " . % , - $ $ , , $ , , " $ $ " , - . ) - " - 1 " " , 7 " " " - $ . ( - 1 ( ) ( ). – " . #" ( , ) , . . ). " - - 1 , " " ". / – ( ), ( $ - ), ) ( - ( ). - 1 , , – . ) - 1 – " " .) "' - " , $ - 1 - ; , ' - 1 . – ' " " " " " , , 7 * , $ . ( " 1 ) , . , - " "" - ' ," "' "' " * . "' " ) . ; , ". ; , - - 1 , – , , , " $ . " , " " ( ) , , , "" " $ " - ( ", ). "! " , " ". - " " "( "" - ). " # " " " ( ) " " " ! ", 1 - .! , " ", " ( ), - $ . , ). . $ ( , ! 1 - 1 , , " ; - , , : ) "' , . $ -' $ , ; , ", ,1 - . 42 . ! : "' ( .- - .! - ! .' ' - )". - ) ,1 . - , $ * , "' -' ' , " ( , - , – ! ) ( ) - 1 .4 , 1 $ " , ), - , , ", - " – - , - , 4 . (" 4 ( , + " " , – "' -' . 1 "! , - - , : "% – ") – % , " 4 ". % ' ). + ( " «' - »", – 1 - - $ . , $ ") " $ " (" $ : " , - 1 "( [ , , - ]: «- »". - ! , " - 1 " , 1 , $ . - 1 , , ; $ , , $ " , " - 1 . ) , " . ' (" ; " " , - , – – $ 1 - , ; , 1 , - - " ) - - . " , , , - " ", $ , . ! . ! (; 1 " ( , ) ). % - 1 , $ " $ , - , . " 1 " $ "" - 1 $ , - .! " – , , $ – .' " , ? , " $ " . , % 1 " , " .! " - , " 1 - - : "- , [ ] , [ , " " ,[ " / .( , $ ] "] " : ], " ,( [ ] . [% " ,4 , "". , 5 , - 1 . , - " 1 - , . , , . ( $ " 1 - $ - " , . - 1 : "' - - " , ", "" ", " , $ , , , .) [ ]. & $ $ " , (; "[ , , $ . – $.%.) " " $ " - ]. , # " ". ! ", , [ ] " # " ", ". 1 " , : , - ", - , , - , .! " " , , , , - " . , ( - 1 , . 5 " " " $ $ - " ( , " $ $ $ "), , $ .& - & : ( " " XI-XII , . - 1 , $ " ) $ " , # ., , , , " - 1 " - $ .# " " - " " - " " , " - $ . & , % , "– .' " - , & $ - , , , , , , , + . , - " , " . , , ) $ " " $ - " " . " , " " " " " , $ $ " "$ . $ " $ " " , $ " - - 1 "! " ". , % ,1 , " - , ) ( , # IX . . - - 1 , 7 .( , ( " , ". ( , " " , - – $ , " , - 1 ) $ " " " - – , $ , ". 5 . 5 - , - $ . 7 - 1 , , $ - , 1 - $ . , " " " " : ") + ". ; $ , " # $, $ ", , . " : . – $.%.) ( ", .+ – : , – , $ " , , , ". " ,1 - – – – - , , $ "12. $ * * * 4 " " " ! . , $ $ " , $ " $ " 4 & , " , ., , , " .( " ," " " ) & - . ' , , , . $ .! $ , ( 5 ; ) - .; , $ , $ , , , . 4 " - " , . : , " " , , : , , , , , , - . ", ", " " " , " # , " , , , $ . ( " ". ! 7 " " 2 , + " " ". ( : " , " – – : . . . ! . ! , ' , .5 ", "– " $ " - , XX . " " , 7 – : $ " " $ $ $ , - " " , $ 7 , " " , - .& " " " " " , " " .) , $ " " : , " - , " " ". & " : , , .0 , - , , ; $ , ! $ " , $ , $ , - " " , , - , " , , $ , , .( " " " ", 7 , , 7 , , , . ( – . ) - , :" , ?" , : - : "! " ("' " -' ", . 1). # , ", $ , " , .( –$ $$ , " , $ . $ : - / I .5-02#4#&0 # ()#%-5.!*!,#8 - 0 %)5 %! 0*>!,! !)?-0 1 , ! 1 ) ( XX !* /0 < "";! 5 * " ! 1 / *. *. " , " ) , - , , , . & , " , " " - " , " , , .- " . , new age, . " ! " ". , - " ; " . , ( " ) , $ , " $ ," , " $ , ", . ., , , " " .4 - : , – ?# , , - , $ " " " , $ - 7 , .4 "* . " " ( . 3), – - $ , , ; , ; –" , , – $ ". , $ , .) , , , (.. , , , " .. , , . / " , , , - $ " " " - , " , "1. * " , - " ! - $ ( , ). $ " ) $ , 7 " $ - , . $ – , " - , , , 7 .. , " , $ " ". , 7 .. 7 ", " 8 - $ $ , $ : " " " " $ .# . " , .& " , , " $ 7 ", " " $ , " , .) - - , " , " - , $ ", " " 7 - , - , , " , / . " , " "? , .- , " ", .; , , $ " - ( $ " ) , - ; , , , ( ), , 3 , . , - , ( $ " " ) , ( " , $ . , . ) . - ), " , , " $ " .# ' , ; " , " " , " – .4 , " : ") – – + ?" ' " $ , " , + - " " " " " ", , " , " " "", , "", - " "". 8 ", - , ", - " $ .# - " " ", " " - " ", , $ $ $ . ' " #%%. , - " " ", ! !";/ 4 , - $ , " - . " 2 ! " /0 <- " < , +;? ' -";? ' "=" 1+ /* 4 * 1 "" 0 - 2 .! " . ! " " - ". " : " 3 , , , - . " % "( " ) $ ): - "( " 1) (+ , 0 ( " , " – , " 5 " . .) $ , . .); 2) ); 3) , - " $ , , " . , " " " " " " , , , & . " " ) " -" , ( , - , , , , , . . " " " , " , ( " , " ( $ " ) $ " - $ , - ) ( ) " " . ( , 5 , , , " . % .& , +. , - . 8 .%.% , " " " " ( ) " "" . ) " " ", " .( , " " $ . - " , , $ " $ ( , - $ ). # / . " , " a prion (" ") " " " " , " .. " , ( - + " , – $ , , " " – $ .& " $ " , .& , , ..2 . " ) . . " " , XIX . ( $ , , ) $ , , . , - , , - homo naturae, $ " "– ; , , - socius, , ; , , , , , - $ , " , " .- 7 " - , " $ " " ,, –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– , . & , , , , & , , , , cogito. , , ( " $ " ") . ) " ( 6.' , , ), , , $ , ), $ 7 . ) . ) " $ - 7 7 $ " , ( $ , par excellence, , – , ; $ , , - $ , , 7 ("+ , , " - " ). # ") $ ": $ , ( " ), " , , . ( , ) – , ( - ) ( – $ ! " - " , " - 7 " " 8), - ", 7 , 7 $ - , ( $ " - ). ) " " ( , - " . & 0 - " ( " , - 7 , ). % 7 , " " ( ), " , , ) , , % , - .( , - , % , . , " 7 .( 7 6 "10. ) " " $ , , . ( , . 7 9 . , " , . ) #%%8) $ $ ( ) - - ? $ - 7 , , " ", ". ( , , . (., 2.+ " , 11 , - .- - #%% per se, , awareness), , $ , , , (pure 12 2 , " . " %30 - 4 "! 7 ' , ' "13. ' - – . XIX . * , . - ' . , & :" – - – . . $ , $ (cogitatum), . ) . 7 (cogito), ( : , ' ), , $ , ". 5 ). – . % ' ( " ( $ - ), , . : .! , :" - ". - ; , , – . , : - , , . # - – , ) ' " – , ' ( " ". , " cogitationes ( . ". , ) 8? 5 .) "8", 8? # " ? (( ", ,' (multiple drafts) . . . , , ? ! . 0 , . . cogitationes ' , - 8, " , (qualia) – - ' .) –' , - . " , $ " " "( " - ", 14 . .) " , 8 , " " , , ' , .& " 7 " 7 ", , , , - ' ' ( " , " ) - - " ". , " : "' 2 , " , " $ .& , $ . , 9 ,. , - ", ,# , " , . - " , & ,9 . " " $ " , " . ! , , " " ", ". & , " " . , " " , $ - , ; " - . + " " " " , " ?& , . , - ?0 " , . % - " " ; "15. " - 7 . 7 (" $ ) - 7 . ! , . . , $ $ - 7 , 7 , 7 , , 7- , 7 .) , : $ - , 7 7 , - " , ". . ., 7 7- 7 .. 7 , $ : $ ( 7 – , ), , – 7 - 7 – " – 0.+ 7 – 5 / ). 1 (". , 16 . ) , 7 , - , " 7 , 7 7 , " . " , , $ 17 , , - 7 ( $ ), , 7 , " " - " . / ) , , , .! 6.' , +. . , – , +. - " ( , ). ! , * , - ," . + $ , , $ " $ . .%.% , , " $ : , & $ " , , , , " $ " , - * ( ", $.%.) - " .– ; - , .8 . - $ " " " $ " ", " , $ , , , $ " " . , . . * . <...> , - " " $ , . . 18 . , - ( .) , ) , - ( , * $ * , – , ,* , ?). .: .5 * , * - . , + - 7 , - .%.% : ") , $ , "... " ", , . . - - , 7 .' $ " , " - " - , , "19. , , 7 , , * ( , ), – - 7 - . , , , , - " . , , # ( "), $ " " / " – . ) " – - 7 ". 4 7 , , , , $ " , ", " 20 .# $ – . – . ' .0 8 " , , , , , , , – – , , ( - ), , , # " ". & " , " , " - , " .% , – - , $, " .- , " " " " , ". !$ , " $ , " , - " .+ , - $ , " . " " , - "" – " " , . - , " , ", $ . & , , , , , " ( ). ) & , " , , , , 7 ( , 7 ) . – , 7 , , , . ( ). 8 , $ 7 .# , 7 ( . ( , - " . ! " " " " ) 4 ), . . $ ( , , ( + - ), $ - 7 7 , ). ( $ ). - 7 , 7 ( - ". $ $ , , - , $ , , 7 .' + "+ " , ( 7 7 , $ ) 7 $ . , ( 7- ) , 7 7 .) 7 - , . ( ), ( , ), 7 , 7 . % , , ( , " , , - 7 7 " 7 ) 7 - 7 - $ . , ( " 7 - 7 ( - 7 7 7 " . , , ) . $ 7 7 , " - " " - . % $ 7 , 7 . , , $ 7 " - 7 .% ?) " , , , . , 8 , , $ : $ ; $ , - . 6 , , + " - ( ) , , - . , 3 ' !";/ 4 > * 4"/"=*, '"- * 4 :* *, '"- ! / " ! ! " /0 "=" " < , # % 7 – , 7 , , , , . 0.3 " , ( , ) $ , , , - , " (" ", ), , , , ", , 7 . , " " * , - ( $ 7 ), 21 .) , , ( $ , , , , - , , " ). , ( , , – - $ . 7 , & ) , , – " " , " ), " , - " . .( , , $ , , / , - 7 - 7 , " ( , ). 4 .. ( - ) ( , , " ). - " " , " " ( " " " ) " ", - ". - 5%-> . % " "( $ I . , $ . ., / " ...# – , " :# .–& , ): , , , , , . , , [ , – ]: , " , $ - , . & $ , , , - $ , $ + [ $ , " , ]. # : , & - " + :) # "[ $ ] 7 [ ] , .) , , 22 , " $ " . " , . . % 7 - ", , (0 , " , ), 0 : "! $ ) 7 , ( - , 7, 7 ( ( ", " " , 6, 17-19)23 .( ) - [ " – , " ]– $.%.) 8. – , ). ", " 824. ( , , , " , , 7 ( ), , " " ). ) " , ( " & , " , $ . ' , , , 0 - 8 - , " – $ , " $ 0 - 7 7 , ", 7 7 . ) , % , , ), – (+ 5 .+ , . ( " . – $.%.) ( (1260-1327). ! : , " ", " "–+ ! , , ; ! – 8! ( ! ...25 " " 4 - , 0 , ( ". $ " "tat tvam asi" – "- – - , " ", " $ , ) - ( $ - $ , )26. 6 " , ", $ " " : - " " . , ) , " , , ( " " , " " - " " , - " " " "), ) - ( ( ) " " . " - 7 7 " $ ( , , , $ " ). 4 , '.+ ( ) $ 1997 .), " ' ./ ( " (bootstrap) ( , " "$ $ ) &.) " " , , ", " # – - " . , " : . . . " , $ , # " .#– 7 . " , - !– )27 .( . , 7 " , 7 ( 7 !), 7 , ), , , 7 " , , " - 7 ( "? 0 - - " " ( , 7 ), , - " , - , , , 7 $ 7 : "( ( 7 " 0 + ). # " ), !" ( , 7 - , " " 28 , , , .) , - $ , " " - 7 " 7 "& & (Ding an sich) . ", " " , ( $ ) , " . . , , - / , . & 4 - " .8 , 29 . 2 " $ 1. ! , , . 2. % , $ , : .! 3. . . ) ( " ! mystica) " 4. - ". 2 , / (unio , , #%% , . ( , " " ), " . " 5. % , , , 30 . , ' .*.2 , , , " " (the flavor of nonseparatness). ! , 31 " .4 % , $ " . % " 6 " - 32 . ! " #%% , 7 , 7, " " 33 . 4 , 1* " ! ! " /0 "=" " < * 4 "="";! * * "!*'"-'+/0 +! <3 :"!4 =" " * *. / , , - , " " " , " - ? # " $ 34 , , $ - : - , 35 , . 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' , # , - , - $ . . # 1. 8 ( ), '!)6%&09 , , , " 7 , : " " , " , , 8 - " " – " " , , , . , , .& , , , . 2. # , " , 3. - . 0.#.& , http://peter1.culture.mipt.ru/kobzev.htm 4. "< , . $ , " ( !!" #. # , ". ", ) $ , & , , , , . .) 5. , & . (" 4 , , , . -. 2. .., 1993. %. 245). % ( ( , , " ( , : , - 4 , : "& . ). - . " - : # , (". ") " - $ : , ": , , $ ", ".). 6. " , " $ . % ., .# 7. # XVI . , , " . %) ., 1997. , $ $ # , . : $ - 8. Hofstede G. Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. McGraw-Hill, 1991. 71 ff. 9. , " " " . 10. 4 " " " ". " "( " ", , ) , 7 , ! ", " " , , 5 " " , " ", " "" " ! % "". " " . 11. $ " 3 , , " , . ' 3 " " ( , , , ), . ( ) , . 12. 4 , " " (" ", " $ ", " $ ") " ", , " ". ) " " " $ " " $ ". ( " " " ", . 13. ( ) . P. " .: - - - 1.1 1. 8 " + 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. " " ", " , , . Roth H. D. Original Tao. Inward Training and the Foundations of Taoist Mysticism. N.Y.: Columbia University Press, 1999. P. 11-23. ) .: & ' % (.). ' . %) ., 2001. %. 39-57. 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The Holographic Hypothesis of Brain Functioning // S.Grof (ed.). Ancient Wisdom, Modern Science, State University of New York Press, 1984. P. 178-179. 20. . %. 21. 1 . : Pribr am *. The Holographic Hypothesis of Brain Functioning. P. 178. 21. . %. 22. 1 . : Pribram *. Behaviorism, Phenomenology and Holism // The Metaphors of Consciousness / Ed. P.S.Valle, R. von Eckartsberg. Plenum Press. 1981. P. 148. 22. – , " , " , . 23. : %" .) ". .., 1972. 24. 0 % % .2. 4 " . 6 . , 2001. %. 102. 25. % ( . synapsis – " ", " " ", " ") – " . 26. # $., )" " ! ., / .! " " ). . , . .., 1988. 27. + *. . ) " . %) .; .., 1995. 761-768. 28. + . .., 1989. %. 417. 29. 0 *. 8 . .( " . .., 1975. 1 . : Lashley *.S. In: Search of Engram. B: Society for Experimental Biology (Grt. Britain) Phychological Mechanisms in Animal Behavior. N.Y. Academic, 1950. 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" $ , , . ; .. ; $ $ $ XX . 5 : "% $ ". , ,.< ! . , - " $, $ , $ " (5-7 , ), - . 47. mi-Sync ( $ hemispheric synchroni zat ion – " , - " ") – " . & " " .# $ " , $ ", " , ( , . , ); - Hemi-Sync ! . 6$ $ ( $ " " - "). 5 " ( , , " " $ " , , $ - . 125, - , 100, 25. & $ $ , ), $ " – , , $ . - ( ) ((,. 25 5 , , , $ .% , .& , 48. ( 49. & 50. " , : $ ; , # 5 , , ! , , ; .# " 5 , $ " , , " " . 5 ; , . %. 381. , " , . , . %. 67. , , ? # , , " . .' % (. . % ' , - " " ; , ; , .# ! + "( . 6:3-10). 51. 2 " " .! 52. New Age (" ( ") – $ ' , " , " ", " " " " $ , " " , - $ , : ", , " ; , . .., 1999. %. 15. " XX ., , " , $ " " ", " " $ " $ .* " , , , , " " ( $ ". ) " . ) " " . " ( 6 ,' , ' * , " ", ' " , ,& 9 ,0 . % .: , .& . " / 54. & " .& % -) " ( " - - " "' " " $ , . " , " $ ". " , 2000. %. 299. (Trichocereus pachanoi). – – $ . .– . 3 : " . " - . ' ,0 . - 0 $ " $ - . " 53. & "" ", ,% " ( + 55. & , " ( , , , , , , .( " 56. 57. 58. 59. ! , $ - " " .6 . . %. 90. . %. 130. , ". – . %. 69-70. .6 " , $ , . . %. 61. , ( " ), $ , ( "7 , - , " "). , , ". . " ( " $ , / (!) (!), , , , - 60. % . , $ ") . - "" , " " 7 , " . 61. Rasmusseti *. Intellectual Culture of Iglulik Eskimo. P. 119. 1 . : " . 6 . . %. 95. 62. ." . %. 37. 63. Roth H.L The Natives of Sarawak and British North Borneo. 1968. Vol. 1. P. 281. 1 , : ." . %. 35. 64. " .6 . . %. 280. 65. . " " . (2 ). 2. 0$" : ? , 1981. . "% " = ". %. 176. 66. ) " " .! " . "", , , , , , $ " , , , " , " , , + , , " $ , ". & ' % (. . . ! . %. 344. 1 . : ' . -. 5. % -% , 1993. %. 249-250. 67. & ( . cortex, corticis – " "+ . viscus, visceris – " "), . 68. . " " . (2 ). . %. 197. 69. ) " 7 ( 7 – $ : " , " " ): $ , $ " , , , " " , " , , " , , , , "7 " , , . % . . 3 "= " ) (" - " $ "). % . : & ' % (. . . %. 201. 70. & ("= ., %. 182. 71. & 72. ) " - " ) " . - " $ 5.).! ("= - ") " - " $ – ") / ) .#. . ., . .., 1992. "). %. 244. " , ". ) - . ( ". - , " $ , " " $ " " ". , , , 0 , 5 " " + ". .#" .# + , , " " " , " 73. & ' % (. . ' . "' -' " / ) . 5.0.. %) ., 1999. %. 25. 74. . . -) "2 ". 75. # :0 / % ., ., . .% . %) .: 0 , 2002. %. 194. 76. " .= : . %) ., 1999. %. 371. 77. & ' % (. . . %. 245. 78. & " "( # , . ( : "... , , " & , & .* – , , , , ,– , " ", , , "( " "! . . . + & + . 2 / ) . . #.& # . 1997. A10). 79. # " .1 . :! + 5 // 0 I . . / ) ., . %.%.0 . .., 1994. %. 28. 80. # / ) . *. ) . .., 1974. %. 116. 81. & ' % (. . . %. 32. 82. ; e ( . holos – " ", trepein – " - ") – " ". ) %., , " , - , // . - . " 83. ; ( - . hyle – " ") – ", " , " " 7 "" trepein – " ". ) , " , " " %., - . / 1. #" .' 2001. %. 122-185. ! // + .5 #. 2 . .., , 1. ( , 0 %%% $ .#. (*! # 0 ), * - # , - , " ( ) * % -) . % .: [) $, 2002, . 387]. 2. % .: [2 . - %) ,6, 1998]. % 1998 . 5 0 . 3. & $ 6 %) ,6 30 1998 . % .: [2 . - %) ,6, 2000]. & , 1996 . " : , , ", 7 " ", " . 5 0 &.9.% , , 5 0 . % .: [% , 1998; -, 2001-IV]. 4. ! " – "' $ " (" "), 5 0 , %. .2 . % .: [2 , 2004, . 174]. 5. 5 0 " " ": 1990 . – . 2 9 () ); 1993 . – XXXIV & " " (, ); 1994 . – . "& $ " () ); 1997 . – XII " (# ); 1998 . – VIII . & (+ ); 1999 . – II . , % (); IX . & (% ). 6. < 5 0 : [0 , 2001; , 2004; & , 2004-I, . 4-7; 2004-II; & , 2004; % ,, 2004; -, 2002-I; 2003-II; Shapiro, Soidla]. % " " "& " [&2(%, 1994, . 327], "2 " [0 , 2002, . 798-799] "+ " " [. , 1995, . II, . 500]. , $ $ " . 7. % " " 5.0..: [& , 2004-I, . 7-17]. % "" " [& , 2004-III]. & , $ , " : , " , , [& , 2004-II], " 5 0 , .0 , . 8. .: [Solonin, 2001]. % , "Revue Bibliographique de Sinologie" , $ , , , , " .5 0 . 9. "+ " 5 0 .! " , ( ) 5 0 . " (* , 4 ), "+ ". 10. ) / + ( ) "+ " ( , $ ), 11. , ". % .: [-, 2001-I]. 5.0. , "' "' 1993 . . ; ). & , " -' "* - " , "( " , 5.0. - " . 12. % .: [-, 2001-II, . 11-136]. ( ) "' -' ", "+ ", "# ", ", # ", "", 1 # (201-169 . .) ") " ("% ") "! " $ " ("9 $ ") % / (314-371). 13. & . "+ ". % .: [-, 1993-I; 2000, . 231-234; 2002-III, . 113115]. 14. & . "1 ". % .: [-, 1986; 1994-I; 1999-II; 2000, . 234-251]. 15. 6 - " " , " , .5 0 , $ , $ . ) .: [-, 2000, . 109-117, 168-207]. ! "5 0 & . : [-, 1997-I]. 16. .: [Javary, 1999]. 17. ". " ", "! " " "" $ " 2001 . , "2 " [-, 2001-V]. 18. "/ ", " 7 , " .) " 5 0 , – &.9.% . 19. ! ., : [Jones, 1999, . 185-198]. 20. .: [, 2001; Pang, 2001]. 21. .: [Rodel, 1998]. 22. ) 5 0 , " " " , $ ( – ") 4 XX : " – ") " ). ) " " 5 0 .: [0 , 2001; % ,, 2004]. 5.0.& & 5 0 (1956-2003) (22.08.1956 – 12.07.2003) , - - , , & " . % " " " " - , , " . 5 22 0 1956 . .! % , " . ( $ & * ) ) (% 1973 . 5 0 ( . 1929) , 1978 . % -. . . .) 0.0.- (1929-1987). 1970-" . , ( 1990 . – , "" [-, 1984], *. .. ( . 1926), $ ...0 "+ , ; *! # , " . - . *,61. - ), - , 1978-1981 ) 1984 . " - 0 . 5.0.$ - (1881-1951), $ XX . % 1981 1984 . 5 0 , # ) 1994 . 1993 . 5 "' .! $ *! # 0 0 ), ( . 1992 . – % 0 - " [-, 1993-II], - $ . , , 5 , " 0 " [ $ 2004, ) - . 31], # $ , % , - , 2 . 5.0., 1998 . 3 .. , , . - 2003 . 5 0 ) (1 $ Maison des Etudes de l'Homme 2 , , 5 , $ 26 , 7 " .! , , , . " .) , , , " ", 4 – 12 5 .& 0 4 (1990-1991), " # 2 .! " 5.0." $ & , " " " & "5, " $ " " $ " - " 6 ", , ) 5.0.- , , ) , ( ", . % $ , " " 5 , 0 . " " - - ) - , $ .. 5 , , 0 ", ," , - , . ) 5 " 0 " " , " " % 5 , 7 . 0 $ , " " " " ("* - , "+ "), "# - ", ; , "6 ", ", # - "/ ", "- .( , + " , , "' -' - . , "+ $ " - " (". , 7 ) " ) "), - ,5 0 $ [-, 1999-1, . 22]. # , ; 283-343), $ " " ", $ ( " ", 8 " – ), 1999 . [-, 1999-I] . ) ( $ ", " – ), , ; , " " 5 0 , + 1 7 [-, 1981] , , $ III-IV . [-, 2001-II, . 60-74]9. # $ "+ " " –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uddha's Light International Association), 7 , 19 " " . 1993 . 5 0 &.9.% % -) , 1998 . ( .: [-, 1998-III]). " " ("9 1 ' - 5.0.(780-841), 5 & ' 0 , , - $ , " - . , 0 %) ,6 5 " 2000 . ", [-, 2000]20. ' "2 2002-III]. ) $ , $ , # . " 5 2002 . [-, 2002-II]. $ $ 0 " [-, - - 5.0., " " " ", " " [-, 2000, . 217-218]. ) - " " 5 " , 0 , [-, 2000], . " " ) - " 5.0." $ " " 5 " , 0 : " [-, 1997-II]21. . " " [-., 1997-II, . 10]. " , , " " - , $ , , , " - " " 22 " . , - , 5.0.- , ", - " " – " , , " , 5 0 . # 1. 8 ( ), '!)6%&09 , , , " 7 , : " " , " , , 8 " – " - " , - " , , . , , .& , , , . 2. # , " , 3. - . 0.#.& , http://peter1.culture.mipt.ru/kobzev.htm 4. "< , . $ , " ( !!" #. # , ". ", ) $ , & , , , , . .) 5. , & . 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(.0., 2. . & : = ) " -+" $ ". .., 1991; ,. # . -. 2. .., 1994; 4 " ,. . # . .., 1994; 3 , .& . %) ., 1994; " . = .+ . %) ., 1998; Woods J.H. The Yoga – System of Patañjali or the Ancient Hindu Doctrine of Concentration of Mind. Cambridge (Mass.), 1914 (Harvard Oriental Series. Vol. 17). 5. & , # : # , " . # / ) . 0.+.; , 9. .4 , .,.( . .., 1995; -" .$. 4 # . %) ., 1991; 3 ". # . %) ., 2000; # -)"% . . ' . ., 1993; # -)"% . ., " ! % . 2. . # . .., 1975; # " . / , # . .., 1977 (2.: .., 1998); ' # . 8 . & . . .., 1985; ' . .., 1999; # .' .% " :% . ., 1996; 3 " ,.$. & # . .., 1991; 0 " % 2. . " . .., 1998: ," " % B. C. ) " . . .., 1981; : 2.*. ' # (XI –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thmar Gachter. Hermeneutics and Language in Purva Mimamsa: a Study in Sabara Bhasya. New Delhi, 1990; Woods J.H. The Yoga – System of Patanjali or the Ancient Hindu Doctrine of Concentration of Mind. Cambridge (Mass.), 1914 (Harvard Oriental Series. Vol. 17). 13. ! .: &" " "% . , : 2.*. 2 // * .,. 2 . .., 1994. 14. . (. " ) / ) ., ., . 0. .) . .., 1989. 15. ) , " , " , " ". 16. # " " , "0 " " , .: 2 ! . 0 " " $ (( 0 " " ). /. I: 0 $ /) 6 ( %! 17. & $ ., ., /) % &. 2., 3! (.0., , – 18. " " " ": (in re) 2 0 ( 7 " . ., .#. ., %! 2. . & ( , .., 1990; 0 " " . .#. 5.).! (.0. & . .– $ . . . %) ., 1993; . %) ., 1999; 3! . %) ., 1999. , - ). " – , ( " ), , ) 7 . ! $ ( , ( $ " ", ( ). ! ") ; 19. ! " 1990; % ' . .+ . "", "6 $ " " ) , 1991; 3 ". 2 6 -6 , 1999; 2. . 0 " " $ (( %. 29-37; .., 1990; 5" ! 2.#. # 20. 5" ! $. . + .: 8 % // ) " %) ., 1904. %. 59-74. 21. % . & 3 0 " " ). /. I: 0 $. . & . .., 1988. // 4 . -. 16. . 1. + , : 22. "+ , 23. 5" - - . . .., , .., 1987 ( . 3, $ . . // " . . // @ - ! % 2.0. ,! "); )" " % ,.+. # " " , ) , ) - " , . ". "+ , "( .). ! $. . & // @ 2.#. # . .., 1988. %. 244-245. 24. Burton D. Emptiness Appraised. A Critical Study of Nagarjuna's Philosophy. London: Curzon, 1999; Wood T. Nagarjunian Disputations: A Philosophical Journey Through and Indian Looking-Glass. Monographs of the Society for Asian and Comparative Philosophy. A11. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1994. 25. Tola F. and Dragonet ti , On Voidness: A Study on Buddhist Nihilism. 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( " ) // - (! ) // - ( , - * 1 "" , :. -. 55. : - ) ( ": ), , . – " " - , , - ". : 1) $ # & " : , & - " ; 2) – , , . , " , " ( ", $ - " . , 11. ! , .: * 1987; / 0.%.. 710. . / ., : "6 ". , !! &. . ". . // + " - ". # . .., / ) . . ". 0 ". . 2. %) ., 1993. %. 179-191. 1 "! " " .: . %) ., 1998; 2 . " / ) . 5.0.. %) ., 2001. ) : : (:). -. 45, A1881. , 1968. %. 707- % IV-VI -6 . . " // + 12. ., : ) " " ' 2.1 1. % .: 2. .% " " $ (%. 375-377) . .., 1993. : " (%) ., 1997) ( ( - ) " , " , , , . %. 27-28. .# " . %. 144. .: . ,. 4 . , " . .., 1993. %. 33-43. 6. % " " " , ) " " , , $ " 7. James W. Essays in Radical Empiricism. N.Y., 1912. ' " . 3. 4. $ 5. ) ( , . 6.' , . 0 " , " , " - . 8. ) " " (zero experience), 0 " +" : Bharat i A. The Light at the Center: Context and Pretext of Modern Mysticism. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Ross Erickson, 1976. 9. ' ( % , % , ) " / , .: Loy D. Nonduality. A Study in Comparative Philosophy. New Haven and L.: Yale University Press, 1988. 10. Pike N. Mystic Union. 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Why God Won't Go Away: Brain Science and the Biology of Belief. Ballantine, 2001. 42. New Scientist. 1994. 19 Nov. P. 29. 43. ) " – , LSD ; ! , " $ " " " " psyche delos " ", " ". 44. ) " " " , " , " " , ," . ., , % , "" " ". ( " " " " ( " ( ), . ,. ) .: . .., 2001. %. 254). " " . 0 " 45. " , , , - , , - " " , " , 46. , . ; - $ " , .. " . $ $ : "% XX . 5 $ ; - $ ". , ,.< ! , - " $, $ , $ " (5-7 , ), - . 47. mi-Sync ( $ hemispheric synchroni zat ion – " , - " ") – " . & " " $ " , $ ", .# - " , ( , ); , . Hemi-Sync ! . 6$ $ " " - "). 5 " ( , " " $ " , , $ - . 125, - , 100, 25. & $ $ , ), $ " , ( $ – , , $ . - ( ) ((,. 25 5 , , , $ , .& , 48. ( 49. & 50. " , % ' , - " .% . .' % (. . : , ? # , , " . , . %. 67. , . %. 381. $ ; 5 , " , " " . 5 , # , ! , , " ; .# " 5 , $ , , " ; ; , $ , - , , , .# ! + "( . 6:3-10). 51. 2 " " .! 52. New Age (" ( ") – $ ' , " , " ", " " " " $ , " " , ; : ", , " ; , . .., 1999. %. 15. " XX ., , " , $ " " ", " " $ " $ .* " , , , , " " ( $ ". ) " " ( , " . ) " " " ", ,% . ", ' " , ,& 9 ,0 . % .: ( 6 ' ,' , * , .& " ( . - " "' " " 54. & . " – $ , . .– . 3 " $ ". " , 2000. %. 299. (Trichocereus pachanoi). – : " . , " ( , , , , 56. 57. 58. 59. ! , , $ , $ - " " .6 . . %. 90. . %. 130. , ". – . %. 69-70. .6 " , $ , . . %. 61. , ( " ), $ , ( "7 , - , " "). , , ". ( . " " $ , / (!) (!), , , , - 60. % . + , .( " " - . ' 55. & $ $ " .& % -) " , " $ ,0 . - 0 . " 53. & "" - " / ") . - , " 7 , "" " " . 61. Rasmusseti *. Intellectual Culture of Iglulik Eskimo. P. 119. 1 . : " . 6 . . %. 95. 62. ." . %. 37. 63. Roth H.L The Natives of Sarawak and British North Borneo. 1968. Vol. 1. P. 281. 1 , : ." . %. 35. 64. " .6 . . %. 280. 65. . " " "% " 66. ) = . (2 ". %. 176. ). 2- . 0$" : ? " - " - , ", , . " .! . ", , 1981. , $ " , , , , , " , " , , " $ ". & ' % (. . . -. 5. % -- , . ! % 67. & . %. 344. 1 . : ' , 1993. %. 249-250. ( . cortex, corticis – " - , + "+ . viscus, visceris – " - "), . 68. . " " 69. ) $ $ . (2 ). , $ " " , " , , "7 " ) % (. . , , " - . %. 201. " ) " . - " $ - " $ 5.).! ("= - ") . 3 : , (" ("= - , " , , 7 – " ): , " , , " ( 7 : " , "= & ' 70. & ., %. 182. 71. & 72. ) " . %. 197. " " - " $ – . % . "). % . ") / ) .#. . ., . .., 1992. "). %. 244. " , ". ) - . ( ". - , " $ , " " $ " " ". , , , 0 , 5 " " + ". .#" .# + , " , " " , " 73. & ' % (. . ' . "' -' " / ) . 5.0.. %) ., 1999. %. 25. 74. . . -) "2 ". 75. # :0 / % ., ., . .% . %) .: 0 , 2002. %. 194. 76. " .= : . %) ., 1999. %. 371. 77. & ' % (. . . %. 245. 78. & " "( # , . ( : "... , , " & , & .* – , , , , ,– , " ", , , "( " "! . . - , - . + + . 2 . 1997. A10). " .1 . :! I %.%.0 . .., 1994. %. 28. 80. # / ) . *. ) 81. & ' % (. . . %. 32. 82. ; e ( . holos – " - ") – " / ) & # 79. # . . #.& + // // 0 5 . ./) ., . . . .., 1974. %. 116. ", " trepein – " ". ) %., , , - . " 83. ; ( - . hyle – " ") – ", " , " " 7 "" trepein – " ". ) , " , " " %., - . / 1. #" .' 2001. %. 122-185. ! , 0 3. 4. 5. 6. .5 #. 2 . .., , 1. ( 2. // + %%% $ .#. (*! # 0 ), * - # , - , " ( ) * % -) . % .: [) $, 2002, . 387]. % .: [2 . - %) ,6, 1998]. % 1998 . 5 0 . & $ 6 %) ,6 30 1998 . % .: [2 . - %) ,6, 2000]. & , 1996 . " : , , ", 7 " ", " . 5 0 &.9.% , , 5 0 . % .: [% , 1998; -, 2001-IV]. ! " – "' $ " (" "), 5 0 , %. .2 . % .: [2 , 2004, . 174]. 5 0 " " ": 1990 . – . 2 9 () ); 1993 . – XXXIV & " " (, ); 1994 . – . "& $ " () ); 1997 . – XII " (# ); 1998 . – VIII . & (+ ); 1999 . – II . , % (); IX . & (% ). < 5 0 : [0 , 2001; , 2004; & , 2004-I, . 4-7; 2004-II; & , 2004; % ,, 2004; -, 2002-I; 2003-II; Shapiro, Soidla]. % " " "& " [&2(%, 1994, . 327], "2 - " [0 , 2002, . 798-799] "+ " [. , 1995, . II, . 500]. $ " $ , " . 7. % 7-17]. % "$ : - " , 2004-I, . , " , , [& , 2004-II], .0 . "Revue Bibliographique de , , , .5 0 - " " [& " , 2004-III]. & , " , , " 5 0 , 8. .: [Solonin, 2001]. % Sinologie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avary, 1999]. 17. ". " ", "! " " "" $ " 2001 . , "2 " [-, 2001-V]. " 18. "/ ", " – &.9.% " .) . 19. ! 185-198]. 20. .: [, 2001; Pang, 2001]. 21. .: [Rodel, 1998]. 22. ) 5 0 , " , – ") " – ). ) 0 .: [0 , 2001; % , 7 " 5 ., " , 0 : [Jones, 1999, . " ( $ XX 4 : ") ,- " " , 2004]. " 5 -