World Health Organization Organisation mondiale de la Santé AaG[)+EaG A+C%!a E+EE3a %E+;3C=?5 !EE!;#9+3 1)C!%??MC!=+=3a !51/DIV/7 15 <"b 1998 (. ?#Wa%9+=3+ ? =!'C!/)+=33 AC3EI/)+=3+ 1?9?G?5 ;+)!93 %E+;3C=?5 ?C'!=31!O33 1)C!%??MC!=+=3a "1)?C?%[+ )9a %E+M" +'? AC+%?EM?)3G+9[EG%I )-CI K3)+9_ 7!EGC?, AC+13)+=GI C+EAI#9373 7I#! +(@ AD,&@FN@*4H,:\FH&@ AD,24*,>H K4*,:\ 7"FHD@ &F,(*" *,<@>FHD4D@&": BD4&,D0,>>@FH\ F,8H@DJ 2*D"&@@ND">,>4b F&@,6 FHD">Z, 4 F,(@*>b 7J$" &@ <>@(4N @$:"FHbN FH":" @$D"2P@< *:b *DJ(4N D"2&4&"`V4NFb FHD"> & @H>@T,>44 ,, BD@F&,V,>>ZN 4 BD@(D,FF4&>ZN F:J0$ 2*D"&@@ND">,>4b. %2b& >" F,$b & 1959 (. DJ8@&@*FH&@ ^H@6 FHD">@6, AD,24*,>H B@>4<":, RH@ & D"2&4&"`V,6Fb FHD">,, H"8@6 8"8 7J$", 8:`R,&@6 BD@$:,<@6 F,8H@D" 2*D"&@@ND">,>4b $Z:4 >, FH@:\8@ 2*@D@&\, 4:4 $@:,2>4 8"8 H"8@&Z,, F8@:\8@ "F@P4":\>Z, $,*FH&4b" - (@:@*, >,&,0,FH&@, *4F8D4<4>"P4b 4 @HFJHFH&4, J&"0,>4b @F>@&>ZN BD"& R,:@&,8", RH@ &,:@ 8 "$4@:@(4R,F8@<J $,*FH&4`", 8@H@D@, &ZD"0":@F\ & B:@N@< F@FH@b>44 2*@D@&\b. A@:JR4& B@*(@H@&8J & @$:"FH4 BD"&", AD,24*,>H >,@*>@8D"H>@ *,<@>FHD4D@&": F&@4 T4D@84, 2>">4b 4 B@>4<">4, &@BD@F@&, F&b2">>ZN F@ 2*@D@&\,<. Cb* <,0*J>"D@*>ZN F,<4>"D@& B@ B,D&4R>@6 <,*48@-F">4H"D>@6 B@<@V4, BD@&,*,>>ZN >" 7J$, & B,D4@* <,0*J 1986 4 1993 ((., $Z:4 @D(">42@&">Z BD4 :4R>@< JR"FH44 AD,24*,>H", RH@ @HD"24:@ ,(@ B@FH@b>>J` BD4&,D0,>>@FH\ 4*,b<, 8@H@DZ, $Z:4 &Z*&4>JHZ & 1978 (. >" 4FH@D4R,F8@6 ;,0*J>"D@*>@6 8@>L,D,>P44 B@ B,D&4R>@6 <,*48@-F">4H"D>@6 B@<@V4, BD@&,*,>>@6 & !:<"!H, B@* ^(4*@6 %?1 4 _=3E+K. =,F<@HDb >" F&@4 <>@(@R4F:,>>Z, *DJ(4, @$b2">>@FH4, AD,24*,>H >,@*>@8D"H>@ @$D"V":Fb 8 JR"FH>48"< ^H4N F,<4>"D@& F &"0>Z<4 4 >@&"H@DF84<4 2"b&:,>4b<4. ?*>"8@ 4<,>>@ >" >"P4@>":\>@< 4 D"6@>>@< JD@&>bN AD,24*,>H B@F&bH4: $@:\TJ` R"FH\ F&@4N JF4:46 *,:J J8D,B:,>4b 2*@D@&\b, 8@H@D@, @> FBD"&,*:4&@ FR4H",H 4F8:`R4H,:\>@ &"0>Z< *:b @$V,(@ JFH@6R4&@(@ D"2&4H4b. ="P4@>":\>"b F4FH,<" 2*D"&@@ND">,>4b ^H@6 FHD">Z, & D"<8"N 8@H@D@6 @F@$@, &>4<">4, @$D"V",HFb >" B,D&4R>J` <,*48@-F">4H"D>J` B@<@V\, @8"2Z&",<J` B@* DJ8@&@*FH&@< "$D4("* 2*D"&@@ND">,>4b", T4D@8@ BD42>">" & 8"R,FH&, @$D"2P@&@6. =,<>@(4, D"2&4&"`V4,Fb FHD">Z BD4>b:4 H"8@6 T4D@846 8@<B:,8F B@:4H4R,F84N <,D & @$:"FH4 2*D"&@@ND">,>4b, @D4,>H4D@&">>ZN >" BD4@D4H,H>Z, B@HD,$>@FH4 4 JR4HZ&"`V4N &@2<@0>@FH4 D"$@H>48@& 2*D"&@@ND">,>4b J*@&:,H&@DbH\ ^H4 B@HD,$>@FH4 *:b &F,(@ >"F,:,>4b 7J$Z, @F@$,>>@ >"4$@:,, Jb2&4<ZN 4 $,*>ZN :`*,6. ?04*",HFb, RH@ 8 2000 (. >" 7J$, $J*,H F@2*">" F,H\, F@FH@bV"b BD4$:424H,:\>@ 42 20 000 F,<,6>ZN &D"R,6, 8@H@DZ, $J*JH @$,FB,R4&"H\ B@:>J` <,*4P4>F8J` B@<@V\ &F,<J >"F,:,>4` F B@<@V\` !51/DIV/7 @D4,>H4D@&">>@(@ >" F,<\4 B@*N@*". #,2JF:@&>@, *JN !:<"-!H4>F8@6 8@>L,D,>P44 4 8@>P,BP4b *@FH40,>4b 2*@D@&\b *:b &F,N >"T:4 04&@, 4 B@:>@, &@B:@V,>4, >" 7J$,, & >,<":@6 FH,B,>4 $:"(@*"Db DJ8@&@*FH&J ,, &Z*"`V,(@Fb AD,24*,>H". % 2>"8 BD42>"H,:\>@FH4 2" ^H@ DJ8@&@*FH&@ 4 B@FH@b>>J` BD4&,D0,>>@FH\ F@P4":\>@6 P,:4 *@FH40,>4b 2*@D@&\b *:b &F,N %F,<4D>"b @D(">42"P4b 2*D"&@@ND">,>4b >"(D"0*",H 1@:@H@6 <,*":\` "1*@D@&\, *:b &F,N" +(@ AD,&@FN@*4H,:\FH&@ *-D" K4*,:b 7"FHD@, AD,24*,>H" C,FBJ$:484 7J$". M4D@F4 ="8"*24<", );, 7;=, ',>,D":\>Z6 *4D,8H@D %F,<4D>@6 @D(">42"P44 2*D"&@@ND">,>4b 14 <"b 1998 (. = = = 2