SPO2 The other solute having a significant influence on the binding of O2 to Hb is 2,3diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG); raising [2,3-DPG] levels, as occurs with altitude and in diabetes, reduces the O2 binding to Hb, shifting the oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) dissociation curve to higher P50s, just like higher CO2, lower pH and higher temperature do. 100 98 Nielsen et al. J Appl Physiol 93: 724–731, 2002 96 Series1 94 92 90 0 Ranjan K. Dash And James B. Bassingthwaighte, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 38, No. 4, April 2010 5 10 15 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 Series1 0 5 10 15 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 Series1 0 5 10 15 Oxygen Cost Of Ventilation 3500 wb-VO2 3000 VO2RM (ml/min) = 301.6 R2 = 0.975 SEE = 50.7 ml O 2/min VO2 (mL/min) 1250 [0.007994 (V E L/min)] VO2 (mL/min) 1500 1000 2500 Indiv. VO2LOC 2000 1500 Comp. VO2LOC 1000 750 500 500 0 3 250 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Time (min) 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 the respiratory muscle work normally expended during maximal exercise has two significant effects on the cardiovascular system: 1) up to 14–16% of the CO is directed to the respiratory muscles; 2)local reflex vasoconstriction significantly compromises blood flow to leg locomotor muscles. VE-BTPS (L/min) VO2 (mL/min) [0.007614 x VE (L/min)] 2RM (mL/min) = 346.9 1500 VO R2 = 0.911 SEE = 73 mL O2/min 1250 1000 750 500 250 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 VE-BTPS (L/min) Marks DE, Robergs RA, Nelson J, Vella C, BellWilson J, Apkarian M. Oxygen Cost Of Ventilation And Its Effect On The VO2 Plateau. JEPonline 2005;8(5):1-13. Harms, Craig A., Thomas J. Wetter, Steven R. McClaran, David F. Pegelow, Glenn A. Nickele, William B. Nelson, Peter Hanson, and Jerome A. Dempsey. Effects of respiratory muscle work on cardiac output and its distribution during maximal exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 85(2): 609–618, 1998. Sharon A. Jubrias et. al. Acidosis inhibits oxidative phosphorylation in contracting human skeletal muscle in vivo. J Physiol (2003), 533.2, pp. 589–599 Beltrami et. al. Conventional testing methods produce submaximal values of maximum oxygen consumption. Br J Sports Med 2012;46:23–29. Нетренированная нога Тренированная нога Время до отказа, мин. 8.2 +- 0.7 10.6 +- 0.7 Лактат в крови, ммоль/л 8.0 +- 0.9 10.7 +-0.4 Лактат в мышце, ммоль/л сухой вес 96.5 +-14.5 59.0 +- 15.1 pH в мышце 6.69 +-0.04 6.82 +-0.05 Показатель Juel, Carsten, Christina Klarskov, Jens Jung Nielsen, Peter Krustrup, Magni Mohr, and Jens Bangsbo. Effect of highintensity intermittent training on lactate and H release from human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 286: E245–E251, 2004.