Раздел 2 463 ɍȾɄ 548.5:539.376:541.183.5; ɊȿɄɊɂɋɌȺɅɅɂɁȺɐɂɈɇɇȺə ɉɈɅɁɍɑȿɋɌɖ ɉɈɊɈɒɄȺ NACL ȼ ɍɋɅɈȼɂəɏ ɐɂɄɅɂɑȿɋɄɈȽɈ ɇȺȽɊɍɀȿɇɂə Ɇɭɪɚɥɟɜ Ⱥ.ȿ., ɋɤɜɨɪɰɨɜɚ Ɂ.ɇ., Ɍɪɚɫɤɢɧ ȼ.ɘ. Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɢɦ. Ɇ.ȼ. Ʌɨɦɨɧɨɫɨɜɚ ȼȼȿȾȿɇɂȿ ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɨɜ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɢɯ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɦ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ, ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɟɣ ɩɨɪɨɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ. ȿɫɥɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɹɟɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɚ, ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɵɦ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɟɪɟɧ, ɢɯ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɯ. ȼ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɹɸɳɟɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɪɟɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɡɭɱɟɫɬɢ (Ɋɉ), ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ 3 ɫɬɚɞɢɢ: ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɯ ɡɟɪɟɧ, ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɦɚɫɫɨɩɟɪɟɧɨɫ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɦɟɠɡɟɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɫɥɨɟɤ ɜ ɩɨɥɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɪɚɯ. ɋɚɦɵɣ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɬɪɟɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɚ. Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɫɥɨɟɤ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɡɟɪɧɚɦɢ, ɬ.ɤ. ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɚɫɫɨɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɚ. ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ Ɋɉ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ, ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɨɫɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɨ ɫɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɧɟɹɫɧɵɦɢ. ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ, ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɢɠɭɳɟɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ, ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɢɸ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɦɚɫɫɨɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɚ. ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɫɤɨɪɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ Ɋɉ. Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɜɵɞɜɢɧɭɬɚ ɢ ɧɚɲɥɚ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ [1]. Ɇɵ ɩɨɩɵɬɚɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɷɬɭ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɭ, ɢɡɭɱɚɹ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɚ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɚ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɜ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɠɢɞɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ. 464 Структура и динамика молекулярных систем, 2007 г., Выпуск №1 ɆȿɌɈȾɂɄȺ ɗɄɋɉȿɊɂɆȿɇɌȺ Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɥɭɠɢɥɢ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɢ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɚ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ (ɦɚɪɤɢ ɏɑ) ɫɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɦ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ ɡɟɪɧɚ d = 200 ɦɤɦ. ɉɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɨɜ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟ ɫ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ 12 ɦɦ. ȼɵɫɨɬɚ ɫɬɨɥɛɚ ɞɨ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ h0 ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɚ ɨɤɨɥɨ 20 ɦɦ. ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɟ ɂɁȼ-1, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɦ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ǻh ɩɪɢ ɨɞɧɨɨɫɧɨɦ ɫɠɚɬɢɢ ɫ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɨ 1 ɦɤɦ. ɉɨɪɨɲɤɢ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɥɢ ɜɫɭɯɭɸ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɫ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɨɞɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɦ, ɫ ɜɚɡɟɥɢɧɨɜɵɦ ɦɚɫɥɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɞɟɤɚɧɨɦ, ɨɫɭɲɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɚɞ ɰɟɨɥɢɬɨɦ; ɜɟɫɨɜɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɬ/ɠ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɨ 4:1, ɱɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ. ɇɚ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɢ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɭɚɧɫɨɧ, ɪɚɜɧɨɦ 1 Ɇɉɚ; ɡɚɬɟɦ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɥɢ ɞɨ 0.3 Ɇɉɚ. Ⱦɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɵɱɚɝ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɢɫɟɥ ɝɪɭɡ, ɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɥɢ ɫ ɦɨɬɨɪɨɦ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɰɢɤɥɵ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨ 15 ɫɟɤ. ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ɋ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɨ 0.3 Ɇɉɚ, ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɟ 0.02 Ɇɉɚ. ɉɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ [2,3], ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ H 'h / h0 't (t ɜɪɟɦɹ) ɩɨɪɨɲɤɨɜ NaCl ɜ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɥɢɦɢɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɟɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɠɢɞɤɨɣ ɦɟɠɡɟɪɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɫɥɨɣɤɟ. ȼ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ H ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ [4]: Dc0ZGP H , (1) RTd 3H 2 ɝɞɟ D ɢ c0 ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ ɜ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ, Z - ɦɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ, G - ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɠɢɞɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɫɥɨɣɤɢ, H ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɚ. ɉɨɞɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ [5] ɞɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ, ɛɥɢɡɤɢɟ ɤ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ. ɋɭɯɢɟ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɢ, ɩɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɚɡɟɥɢɧɨɜɵɦ ɦɚɫɥɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɞɟɤɚɧɨɦ, ɧɟ ɪɟɚɝɢɪɭɸɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ (ɪɢɫ.1). ȼ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɤɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɤ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɪɟɠɢɦɭ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ (ɪɢɫ. 1-2). 300 Раздел 2 250 'h, ɦɤɦ 250 150 150 100 100 50 0 'h, ɦɤɦ 200 2 200 465 50 1 0 200 400 1400 t, ɦɢɧ 1600 Ɋɢɫ. 1. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɚ NaCl ɜ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɫ ɜɚɡɟɥɢɧɨɜɵɦ ɦɚɫɥɨɦ (1) ɢ ɫ ɜɨɞɨɣ (2). ɋɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ. 0 0 10 20 30 50 60 70 t, ɦɢɧ Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ⱦɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɤɪɢɜɵɟ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɨɜ NaCl ɩɪɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɟɧɢɢ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ (ɡɚɲɬɪɢɯɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ). Ɋ=0.3 Ɇɉɚ. . H*106, c-1 ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟɦ (1), ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɚ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ ɷɬɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɟɡɤɨ (ɪɢɫ. 3). 40 2 0.6 0.4 1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 P, Ɇɉɚ Ɋɢɫ. 3 Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɫɦɨɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɚ ɨɬ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ (1) ɢ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ (2) ɪɟɠɢɦɚɯ. ɈȻɋɍɀȾȿɇɂȿ ɊȿɁɍɅɖɌȺɌɈȼ ɋɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɯ ɤɪɢɜɵɯ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɚ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ ɢ ɜɚɡɟɥɢɧɨɜɨɦ ɦɚɫɥɟ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɧɵɦ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɪɟɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɥɡɭɱɟɫɬɶ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɦ ɤɨɦɩɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɨɜ ɜ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɹɸɳɢɯ ɫɪɟɞ. Ɋɟɡɤɨɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɤ ɧɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɪɚɧɟɟ, ɯɨɬɹ ɧɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɥɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ [6] ɩɨ ɢɧɞɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɨɜ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɥɢ. ɉɪɢɪɨɞɚ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ, ɩɨ-ɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɬɚɤɨɜɚ: ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɟɪɟɫɵɳɟɧɢɟ 'ɫ/ɫ0=ZP/RT. ȼ 466 Структура и динамика молекулярных систем, 2007 г., Выпуск №1 ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɧɨɫ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɡ ɦɟɠɡɟɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ. Ⱦɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ, ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɧɢɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɚ ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɦ ɜɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɚ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɢ. ɉɪɢ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ Ɋɉ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɟɣ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɠɢɞɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɫɥɨɣɤɚɯ. ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɫɫɨɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɚ ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɪɚɡɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɩɨ-ɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɢɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɜ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ, ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ. ȼɕȼɈȾɕ Ɉɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɨɜ ɜ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɢɯ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɤ. ɗɮɮɟɤɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɵɩɭɱɢɯ ɢ ɩɨɪɢɫɬɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɞɥɹ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɫɨɥɢɞɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɫɵɩɤɟ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɟɣ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɡɚɯɨɪɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ. ɅɂɌȿɊȺɌɍɊȺ 1. Jordan G., Aldushin K., Lohkämper T., Schmahl W.W. // Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 2005, V. 69 Suppl., A314. 2. Spiers C.J., Schutjens P.M.T.M., Brzesowsky R.H. et al. // Deformation Mechanisms, Rheology and Tectonics. 1990. / Eds. Knipe R.J., Rutter E.H.. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publication. V. 54. P. 215. 3. Urai J.L, Spiers C.J., Zwart H.J., Lister G.S. // Nature. 1986. V. 324. P. 554. 4. ɋɤɜɨɪɰɨɜɚ Ɂ.ɇ., Ʉɚɫɶɹɧɨɜɚ ɂ.ȼ., ɉɨɪɨɞɟɧɤɨ ȿ.ȼ., Ɍɪɚɫɤɢɧ ȼ.ɘ. // Ʉɨɥɥɨɢɞɧ. ɠɭɪɧ., 2007. ɜ ɩɟɱɚɬɢ. 5. ɋɤɜɨɪɰɨɜɚ Ɂ.ɇ. // Ʉɨɥɥɨɢɞɧ. ɠɭɪɧ., 2004. Ɍ. 66. ʋ1. ɋ. 1-12. 6. Dysthe D.K., Renard F., Feder J., Jamtveit B., Meakin P., Jossang T. //Phys. Rev., 2003. E 68 (1) (art. no. 011603).