Раздел 1 215 ɍȾɄ 541.182.43 ȼɅɂəɇɂȿ ɅɂɁɈɐɂɆȺ ɇȺ ɋȺɆɈȾɂɎɎɍɁɂɘ ɅɂɉɂȾȺ ɆɈɇɈɈɅȿɂɇȺ ȼ ɄɍȻɂɑȿɋɄɈɃ ɎȺɁȿ1 Ⱦɟɫɹɬɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɂ.ɘ., Ɇɭɧɚɜɢɪɨɜ Ȼ.ȼ., Ƚɢɦɚɬɞɢɧɨɜ Ɋ.ɋ., Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɨɜ Ⱥ.ȼ. Ʉɚɡɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ Ʉɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɚɡɵ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɫɱɢɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ [1], ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɯ. ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ, ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɛɟɥɤɨɜɭɸ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ, ɜɚɠɧɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɢ pH). ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɢɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɜɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɛɟɥɤɚ ɫ ɥɢɩɢɞɚɦɢ ɜ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɚɡɟ ɞɚɸɬ: ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ (ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɚɪɹɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ), ɢ «ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɨɟ» ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ (ɟɫɥɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚ ɛɟɥɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɵɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɢ) [2, 3]. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ ɫ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɨɣ. Ⱦɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɚɡ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɥɢ əɆɊ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɫɤɨɩɢɸ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɭɸ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɤɨɩɢɸ, ɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ. [3, 4]. ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɢɩɢɞɧɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ 1H əɆɊ ɫ ɂȽɆɉ, ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɦ ɜ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ [5]. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɭɸ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɷɯɨ, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ 7 ɦɫ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɚ ɩɨɥɹ 30 Ɍɥ/ɦ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ. Ʌɢɩɢɞ-ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧ-ɦɨɧɨɝɥɢɰɟɪɢɞ ɨɥɟɢɧɨɜɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ (1MONOOLEOYL-rac-GLYCEROL(C18:1), SIGMA CHEMICAL CO., St. Louis, MO, USA). ɉɪɨɬɟɢɧ-ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦ (LYSOZYME, Chicken Egg White, SIGMA CHEMICAL CO., St. Louis, MO, USA) ɜɨɞɨɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɣ ɝɥɨɛɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɬɟɢɧ, ɷɤɫɬɪɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɢɡ ɹɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɛɟɥɤɚ. ɂɡ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɮɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧɜɨɞɚ ɢ ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧ-ɜɨɞɚ-ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦ (ɪɢɫ.1). ɂɡ ɪɢɫ.1(ɚ) ɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɮɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧ-ɜɨɞɚ, ɱɬɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɛ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɤ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 20-80ɨɋ. ɉɪɢ 1 Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɬɨɦ ɊɎɎɂ 05-04-48370 216 Структура и динамика молекулярных систем, 2007 г., Выпуск №1 ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɜɨɞɵ, ɥɢɩɢɞɚ ɢ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɮɚɡɭ (ɪɢɫ.1(ɛ), [3, 6]). ɚ) ɛ) Ɋɢɫ.1 Ɏɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ: ɚ) ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧ-ɜɨɞɚ. L2 ɢɧɜɟɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɢɰɟɥɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ, LD - ɥɚɦɟɥɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ, C ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ, HII ɢɧɜɟɪɫɧɚɹ ɝɟɤɫɚɝɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ [1], ɛ) Ɇɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧɜɨɞɚ-ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦ [6]. Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚɦ, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ [3,7]. ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ 0,05Ɇ ɛɭɮɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɚɰɟɬɚɬɚ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɪɇ=4.5r0.05 ɢɥɢ ɞɟɣɬɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ § 30% (ɩɨ ɜɟɫɭ). ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɨɬɟɢɧɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ȾɁ ɫ ɦɟɧɶɲɢɦ ɄɋȾ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ, ɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɄɋȾ ɤ ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɜɨɞɵ. ɄɋȾ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ. ȼ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ, ɫ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɯ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɤ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ (ɪɢɫ.2). ȼɪɟɦɹ T2 ɪɟɥɚɤɫɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ d 1 ɦɫ, ɚ ɟɝɨ ɜɟɫɨɜɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɜ !15 ɪɚɡ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ. Ɉɰɟɧɤɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɩɪɨɬɨɧɨɜ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ ɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɠɢɦɨ ɦɚɥ, ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɪɨɬɨɧɚɦɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ. ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɨɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ, ɩɨ-ɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɨɬɟɢɧɚ ɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɧɨɝɨ ɛɢɫɥɨɹ. ɂɡ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ [3] ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦ ɝɥɨɛɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɬɟɢɧ, ɫɥɚɛɨ Раздел 1 217 ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɫ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨɣ, ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ (ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ.2 ɩɭɧɤɬɢɪɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɟɣ) ɨɧ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɹɱɟɣɤɢ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ. T=24C T=30C T=40C T=50C T=60C -11 5,0x10 2 Ds, ɦ /ɫ -11 4,0x10 -11 3,0x10 -11 2,0x10 -11 1,0x10 0 2 4 6 8 N 10 Ɋɢɫ.2. Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ ɜ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɚɡɟ ɨɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ, ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɭɸ ɹɱɟɣɤɭ. Ƚɢɞɪɚɬɚɰɢɹ 30% ɜɟɫ. Ɇɵ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɨɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦɢ ɢɡ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ: x ɉɪɢ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ ɜɵɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɢɡ ɝɢɞɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨ, ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɝɢɞɪɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɛɢɫɥɨɹɯ. x ɉɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ ɜ ɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɪɢɜɢɡɧɚ ɥɢɩɢɞɧɵɯ ɛɢɫɥɨɟɜ, ɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ, ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹ ɬɪɚɟɤɬɨɪɢɢ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ ɧɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɚ. ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɢɜɢɡɧɵ ɛɢɫɥɨɟɜ ɜɥɟɱɟɬ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɭ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ (ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɛɢɫɥɨɹɯ). 218 Структура и динамика молекулярных систем, 2007 г., Выпуск №1 Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1. Shah J.C. Cubic phase gels as drug delivery systems. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev.- 2001-47-P.229250. 2. ɂɩɚɬɨɜɚ Ɉ.Ɇ. Ɏɨɫɮɨɝɥɢɜ: ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɥɢɧɢɤɟ/ ɉɨɞ ɪɟɞ. ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɤɚ ɊȺɆɇ Ⱥɪɱɚɤɨɜɚ Ⱥ.ɂ.//Ɇ.: ɂɡɞ. Ƚɍ ɇɂɂ ɛɢɨɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɯɢɦɢɢ ɊȺɆɇ 2005 318 ɫ. 3. Tanaka S. 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