оценка и минимизация ошибок при измерении дыхания почвы по

. . 11,
1(7), 2007
57.087
© 2009
1
.
1
,
2
.
,
.
e-mail: pedro2005@rambler.ru
,
,
2
1
.
,
,
;
,
:
,
.
,
.
.
,
,
.
:
,
,
2
,
.
-
,
[3,
.
7].
-
.
,
[4, 6].
2
-
,
,
:
R
F
Cair -
Cchamber Cair
,
S
(1)
2
F–
:
.1 )
(
.
-
.
.
,
.
-
,
,
Li-Cor LI-6400 LI-8100 [5].
,
.
-
.
,
.
2
,
,
.
[1].
(R)
,
,
(
),
2
(Cchamber ):
R
V–
,
-
.
,
V Cchamber ,
S
t
S–
.
.
,
,
.
.,
,
.
-
Cchamber,
1592
,
2
-
R,
2
R [8].
-
F
F
F
F
R
R
. 1.
( )
( )
,R-
F-
–
,
.
.
2
-
(4)
.
),
R
,
,
C
Cair
F chamber
,
S
-
n
-
.
,
.
,
,
.
.
-
n
s
n•s).
(
.
.
rin,
rsoil,
rin
k ,
n s
-
,
Cchamber Cair
R S / F,
true
:
Cchamber Cair Cchamber Cair true
bFk
(5)
Cchamber Cair true
R S (k n s rsoil)
err
r = R • S/F,
Sin = ns
kr = rsoil /k.
k–
-
:
cchamber Cair
r b / 1 Sin kr
(6)
cchamber C air
r b/ 1 n d
(7)
.
:
F
Pair
1
rsoil
Pchamber
n s
k
Cair F
R S b
Pchamber
rsoil
,
n.
(5),
Sin
2
(3)
b–
b,
-
R.
-
.
2
3
-
,
-
Pair
.
(2)
2
:
cchamber F
d = s • rsoil /k
2
,
(
,
2
–
,
-
Cchamber Cair
.
,
b
(5) R
R S
F
rsoil
b
1
rsoil
-
(3)
-
:
2
,
2
.
(2),
R),
,
.
.
R/rsoil.
-
(4)
,
n s
k
-
.
1.
,
,
1593
-
P
F rtotal
1
1
rtotal
r soil
1 ,
rin
. . 11,
P ,
Sin
rin
P,
Dstd –
1(7), 2007
, n1
Dstd, n1 n2
, 1,75 1.
[2].
CO2
1,39 10-5 2 -
n2 –
1
[8].
2.
,
2
.
15°C,
hpa
,
,
0,58
-
1013
100 ppm 5
• -2 -1.
2
(
500 ppm
-
2
2
.
950
•
-3
),
0,61
2
F=1 •
•
-1
.
-1
4
2
0,63
0,27 • -1,
2
.
,
.
.
2009 .
-
2
,
2
.
,
,
)
LI-
:
Fc
dC
dx
D
Fc –
,
CO2, D –
CO2,
–
(T: °C)
Dstd
T
Cchamber(Sin).
(8)
.
–
820
-
•
Li-Cor.
11
-1
6
.
C chamber
(P: hpa):
n1
273
273
1013
P
(6) (
n2
(9)
. 2).
,
(
)
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
n
. 2.
2
(
6
).
1594
(6).
.
0,9
-
C air (n )
-
600
Cchamber-Cair , ppm
D
(
.
2
,
Cchamber Cair
1.
,
.,
.,
.
,
2.
R
-1
1
rsoil
-
.
.
(7)
5.
0,85 < r2 < 0,99,
r2 = 0,67.
-
,
.
170
200
3.
4.
Cchamber Cair
,
,
//
-
, Cchamber Cair
4-6
2
(110-170
).
.
,
6.
2
2
2.5
2
,
.
.
.
2
.,
.
-
7.
-
8.
.
. .:
–
. 2005. . 408-425.
Campbell G.S. Soil physics with BASIC: transport
models for soil–plant systems. Amsterdam: Elsevier,
1985.
Grace J., Rayment M. Respiration in the balance.
Nature. 2000. V. 404 . 819–820.
LI-COR Biosciences, Application Note 124.
Considerations for measuring ground CO2 fluxes
with chambers. LI-COR Biosciences. 1998.
Lincoln, NE, USA.
Madsen R. A., Demetriades-Shah T. H., Garcia
R. L., McDermitt D. K. Soil CO 2 Flux
Measurements: Comparisons Between the LI-COR
LI-6400 and LI-8100. LI-COR Biosciences. 2006.
Lincoln, NE, USA (www.licor.com).
Pumpanen J., Kolari P., Ilvesniemi H., Minkkinen
K., Vesala T., Niinisto S., Lohila A., Larmola T.,
Morero M., Pihlatie M., Janssens I. A., Yuste J.
C., Grunzweig J. M., Reth S., Subke J. A., Savage
K., Kutsch W., Ostreng G., Ziegler W., Anthoni
P., Lindroth A., Hari P. Comparison of different
chamber techniques for measuring soil CO2 efflux
// Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2004. V. 123.
. 159–176.
Raich J.W., Potter C.S. Global patterns of carbon
dioxide emissions from soils // Global Biogeochem.
Cycles. 1995. V. 9. . 23–36.
Rayment M. B., Jarvis P. G. An improved open
chamber system for measuring soil CO2 effluxes in
the field // J. Geophys. Res. 1997. V. 102(D24). P.
779–784.
.
ESTIMATION AND MINIMISATION OF ERRORS OF SOIL RESPIRATION
MEASUREMENT USING OPEN SCHEME
© 2009 F.A. Tatarinov1, A.G. Molchanov2 , A.V. Oltchev1
1
Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow,
Russia; e-mail: pedro2005@rambler.ru
2
Institute of Forestry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Uspenskoye, Moscow region, Russia
The analytical and experimental estimation of error of chamber measurements of soil respiration using open scheme,
caused by the air infiltration into the chamber from soil due to the difference in air pressure inside the chamber and in
ambient air. This error may lead to the significant overestimation of measured soil respiration. It was obtained that the air
infiltration from soil decreases hyperbolically under decreasing difference of air pressure inside and outside of chamber.
Within the frame of the study the pressure difference was regulated by the increase of the area of chamber inlets. The
estimation of minimal inlets area under the given air flux necessary for the correct soil respiration measurement with open
scheme was obtained.
Key words: CO2 emission, soil respiration, chamber methods, open path.
1595
-