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LearnHotEnglishIssue245October2022

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No.245
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KILLER CATS
IN THE UK!
US CULTURE:
NEW YORKERS!
15 JOKES
TO INCREASE
YOUR
VOCABULARY!
ISSN
15777898
9 771577 789001
00245
PLUS… phrasal verbs, grammar, idioms, vocabulary,
useful expressions… and much, much more.
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2
EDITOR’S INTRO
Magazine Index
How you learn English with Hot English magazine
Pre-Intermediate (CEF level: A2)
Why are you learning English? To get a better job, to pass an official English exam,
to travel, or just to communicate in English? Hot English magazine helps with all this.
Travel English. Want to travel to English-speaking
countries? With Hot English you’ll learn the words and
expressions you need for international travel!
1
Increase your vocabulary. In every issue of Hot English
you’ll learn over 350 English words and expressions! Plus
you’ll learn lots of idioms, phrasal verbs, grammar and more.
5
2
Improve your listening. Every magazine has 60
minutes of spoken English audio. You’ll learn to understand
English, plus you can hear lots of different accents!
6 Social English. How do native English
3
4
Exam English. Hot English helps prepare you for
official English exams (First Certificate, IELTS, TOEFL,
etc.). How? Exams test your ability to speak and your range
of vocabulary. Hot English improves your communication
skills and your knowledge of words and expressions.
Business English. Practical English for the office, for
meetings, for talking to clients – it’s all in Hot English.
Plus, read business tips from entrepreneurs.
speakers really talk? Learn with our natural English
conversations. Also, learn English slang. Plus, in Hot
English you’ll read about current events (news, culture,
music, films) so you can make conversation with native
English speakers.
7
Want to learn even more? Get an English
Unlocked book. You’ll learn extra vocabulary, grammar,
social English and business English. The English
Unlocked books are linked to the topics in Hot English
magazine. Visit our website for more details.
Hi, and welcome to
another issue of Learn
Hot English – the fun
magazine for learning
English. In this month’s
issue, we’re looking at
some little jokes that will
really increase your range of
vocabulary. Read over them, understand them
and then try to use them in conversations
with your friends. Of course, that’s not all and
we’re also looking at New Yorkers, big cats
in the UK, international customs, kissing in
public, train vocabulary, phrasal verbs, idioms,
slang, vocabulary, UK-US word differences, a
business topic, and lots, lots more. Well, we
hope you enjoy reading and listening to this
issue of Learn Hot English. Have fun, learn
lots of English and see you all next month!
3
Editorial
4
Dr Fingers’ Error Correction Clinic
6
Video: A Tour of Harrods
8
Listening: One of America’s Most
Famous Shops
10 Fingers’ Pronunciation
Intermediate (CEF level: B1)
12 Story Time
14 Crank Calls
16 15 Jokes to Increase Your
Vocabulary!
18 Joke Explanation Page
19 15 Jokes to Increase Your
16
Vocabulary!Exercises
20 Book Review - Three Men in a Boat
22 Trivia - International Customs
Upper Intermediate (CEF level: B2)
24 Business Talk - Booking a Hotel
Conference Room
22
26 Vocabulary - The Train
27 Typical Dialogues - The Train
Inspector
28 Crossword
29 Wordsearch & Matching
30 Fingers’ Grammar Clinic
31 Business Dialogues -
34
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on Facebook or Twitter (@LearnHotEnglish)so
you can keep up with our latest news.
COMPANY CLASSES
LearnHotEnglish
The Staff Review
30 Idioms – Colours
34 Amazing World - New York
36 Become a New Yorker
38 Weird World - Big Cats in Britain
40 Weird World - Cartoon
Advanced (CEF level: C1)
38
(00 34) 91 421 7886
learnhoteng
HotEnglishMagazine
42 Strange But True
44 US Bar Chat
45 Dictionary Of Slang
46 In The News
47 Phrasal Verbs - Call
All material in this publication is strictly copyright, and all rights are reserved. Reproduction without permission is prohibited. The views expressed
in Hot English Magazine do not necessarily represent the views of Hot English Publishing SL, although we have seen some very large cats in
Britain, and New Yorkers are obsessive egomaniacs.
48 Answers and Scripts
For great private language classes, e-mail classes@learnhotenglish.com / www.learnhotenglish.com /
3
AUDIO
DR FINGERS’
ERROR CORRECTION CLINIC
In this section Dr Fingers identifies and corrects typical errors…
and ensures that they are NEVER, EVER repeated.
DR FINGERS’
ERROR CORRECTION CLINIC
Hello everybody, and welcome to my “Error Correction”
clinic. You know just the other day I heard and recorded the
following conversation in one of my classes. There are some
errors. See if you can find them.
Dr Fingers: Good morning, class. Ivan, there is a time and a place
for that kind of behaviour, and now is not the place.
Put it away! Yes, back where it belongs, there’s a
good boy.
OK, class, we’re going to do a little exercise.
Class:
Oh, no!
Dr Fingers: Yes, now settle down. Right, Gnocci, come to the front
of the class. Now, Gnocci, I want you to make three
sentences with the word “during”.
Gnocci:
OK, that’s easy:
“I was working during four hours last night”;
“She told me the answer during the film”; and,
“I lived in Paris during three months”.
Dr Fingers: OK, class… (fades out)
Today ’s class:
DURING & FOR
Solutions
Later, I disciplined my student privately for a few hours, and now
I think he understands the rule. Let’s listen to him again:
Gnocci:
“I was working for four hours last night”;
“I lived in Paris for three months.”
OK, that’s all for today, bye for now and may you have an
error-free month.
Problems
Did you hear the mistakes? Gnocci made two mistakes:
“I was working during four hours last night”; and,
“I lived in Paris during three months.”
These are very typical errors. You have to remember that we use
“during” with a noun. For example:
“I played a lot of tennis during the holidays.”
“I fell asleep during the exam.”
“I left during the meeting.”
And we use “for” to introduce periods of time. For example:
“She was talking for three hours.”
“I lived there for six years.”
“The water was boiling for ten minutes.”
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AUDIO
A TOUR OF HARRODS!
VIDEO
A TOUR OF HARRODS!
1 Pre-viewing
You’re going to watch a video about Harrods, a famous shop in
London. Before watching the video, make a list of 10 things you
think you could buy in the shop.
2 First viewing
Watch the video once. Did you notice (or hear mentioned) any of the
objects you thought of for the previous task? What were they?
3 Second viewing
Watch the video again. Then, choose the correct answers.
1. Harrods’ motto is, “All things for all people,
anywhere / everywhere.”
2. On busy days, it has 200,000 / 300,000 shoppers
(over the course of the day).
3. It employs more than 5,000 / 6,000 people from
over 50 countries.
4. The woman thinks that if you leave London without
a Harrods toy / bag, you’ve failed as a tourist.
5. The presenter mentions three important tourist
attractions: Buckingham Palace, Big Ben / The
Tower of London and Harrods.
6. The boss at Harrods mentions that you can buy
things from £4.95 to up to £4 million / £5 million.
7. There are seven / eleven floors in the shop.
8. He also says that they can get you anything you
want from an elephant to a plane / helicopter.
Discussion Ask and answer the questions.
Is there a shop like Harrods in your country?
What is it called?
What can you buy there? How many floors are there?
What different departments are there?
Have you ever been to Harrods?
What did you see there?
Did you buy anything there? What was it?
If you had a million pounds, what would you buy?
Where would you buy it?
Have you ever had a pet? What was it?
How easy was it to take care of?
Why do you think someone would want to buy an
elephant?
Who would buy an elephant?
What do you think it’s like to take care of an elephant?
What would you need to do?
Watching videos in English – top tips!
The most important thing to remember when watching a video in English is this: you won’t understand every word. But this isn’t a problem. Simply
listen out for the key words – the most important words in the conversation: the nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc. By doing this, you’ll be able to guess what the
speakers are saying. Also, before watching the video, think about the topic. If you do this, you’ll be able to predict what the speakers might say, and also
guess the meaning of words or expressions, even if you don’t understand them!
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VIDEO
LISTENING:
ONE OF AMERICA’S MOST FAMOUS SHOPS
LISTENING ONE OF AMERICA’S MOST FAMOUS SHOPS
1 Pre-listening (The answers to the exercise are on page 48)
Write the name of a shop next to each description.
a department store a butcher’s a newsagent a greengrocer’s
an estate agent an ironmonger’s / a hardware store (US)
It’s a shop that sells…
1. …meat =
2. …nails, tools, DIY material =
3. …newspapers, chocolate, sweets =
4. …houses / flats.
5. …just about everything: clothes, food, etc. =
6. …fruit and vegetables =
The pronunciation of regular past
simple verbs
[See the resource section for a more detailed explanation.]
There are three ways of pronouncing regular past simple
verb endings.
A
2 Listening I
The /t/ sound (for verbs ending in unvoiced consonant
sounds*):
a) watched: She watched it.
b) laughed: I laughed a lot.
c) walked: He walked home.
d) dropped: She dropped it.
e) washed: He washed the dog.
3 Listening II
The /d/sound (for verbs ending in voiced* consonant sounds):
a) informed: They informed us.
b) rained: It rained a lot.
c) lived: She lived here.
d) showed: He showed it to us.
You’re going to listen to someone talking about a famous
American department store: Macy’s. Think of three questions
to ask about the department store. For example: Where is it?
When was it founded? etc. Then, listen once. Were any of your
questions answered?
Listen again. Then, answer the questions.
1. How many Macy’s stores are there ?
2. Which famous building is close to the store in
Herald Square?
3. When were the first Macy’s shops opened?
4. When was the Herald Square store opened?
B
C
The /id/ sound:
a) wanted: I wanted the red one.
b) needed: I needed two.
D
Discussion Ask and answer the questions.
Are there any famous shops in your country?
What are they called?
What do they sell?
Have you ever shopped there?
What did you buy?
What are some of your favourite shops?
What do you buy there?
Why do you like them?
Write /t/, /d/ or /id/ next to each sentence according
to the pronunciation of the past tense verbs. Then, listen to
check your answers.
1. They wanted to leave.
2. She finished early.
3. We cleaned the house.
4. They landed at six.
5. She loved the present.
6. They managed to fix it.
7. We watched a film.
*Unvoiced consonant sounds
An unvoiced consonant sound doesn’t create a vibration in
your throat. For example, if you touch your throat and say
“kiss”, you won’t feel a vibration from the /k/ sound.
A voiced consonant sound creates a vibration in your throat.
For example, if you touch your throat and say “very”, you’ll
feel a vibration from the /v/ sound.
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AUDIO
DR FINGERS’ PRONUNCIATION
DR FINGERS’PRONUNCIATION
Hello everyone and welcome to my English pronunciation course! OK, let’s get pronouncing! (The answers to the exercise are on page 48)
Irregular Past Tense Verbs
Listen & Repeat
This is the third part in our series on
irregular past tense verbs and their
pronunciation. Due to popular demand,
I have been persuaded to write another
one of my famous poems. But this is the
very last one, I promise… unless there is
a national emergency. Right, here goes.
This poem will clearly demonstrate the lack
of logic, coherence and general stupidity
regarding the pronunciation of irregular
past tense verbs in English.
Now let’s get on with some pronouncing.
Listen and repeat these verbs and their
irregular pasts:
Infinitive
Past
Choose
Drive
Break
Ride
Speak
Wake
Write
Chose
Drove
Broke
Rode
Spoke
Woke
Wrote
Dr Fingers’ Poem “It’s Just Not Fair”
Tell
Sell
Told
Sold
There are some things that don’t
make sense,
And for which there is just no defence,
When “o” in boss is just like “sock”,
But “o” in “chose” it sounds like “goes”.
Wear
Tear
See
Wore
Tore
Saw
Find
Bind
Found
Bound
Lose
Shoot
Lost
Shot
It drives me mad to see that “wore”,
Is pronounced the same as “more” and
“law”,
And how the “o” and “u” in the past
tense “bound”,
Rhyme with the beast that we all call
“cow”.
It makes me stop and start to choke,
When the “o” of “spoke” is just like “coke”,
But when it comes to the past tense
“tore”,
The “o” will rhyme with “door” and “poor”.
By Dr Fingers - copyright, 2004.
Exercise
Now let’s try an exercise. Listen to the
following sentences and repeat them with
me. Then, listen again and try to write
the sentence in two ways: the first time
normally; and the second time as it sounds
in connected speech. We’ve done the first
one for you. Good luck!:
1. She told a lie = she tol da lie.
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
4. ____________________________
5. ____________________________
6. ____________________________
7. ____________________________
8. ____________________________
9. ____________________________
10. ____________________________
OK, that’s all for today. Bye for now, and
happy talking!
GLOSSARY
Connected Speech
I know you think I am a bore,
And that you’d rather hear no more,
But I just must say it is not fair,
As all I want to do is help, I swear.
“I found it”, which sounds like this in
connected speech, “I foun dit”.
Listen to some more examples. Notice
how the final “e” in many cases is not
pronounced, and also how the “w” is like an
“r” sound:
1. I chose it = I cho s(e)it.
2. She wrote it = she wro t(e)it.
3. They told a child = they tol da child.
4. I saw a dog = I sa wa dog.
Now let’s look at these verbs in connected
speech. Many of these irregular past
tense forms end with a consonant sound.
Now, when the following word starts with
a vowel, the consonant sound connect
with the vowel to form a new sound. For
example:
to bind vb (past: bound)
to tie with a cord or rope
to choke vb
if you “choke”, you can’t breathe - usually
because you have something in your throat that is
obstructing it
a bore vb
a boring person
to swear vb
to promise
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AUDIO
STORY TIME
Jokes, stories and anecdotes as told by native English speakers
e
m
i
t
y
r
o
t
S
In this section you can hear two native English speakers telling each other a joke. This authentic
conversation will really help with your listening skills. Listen to the conversation and answer these
questions.
The Train Ride
1. Where did the man want to go to?
2. Why did he pay the ticket inspector ten thousand lire?
3. What is the punch-line?
John: Hey, I heard this great joke the other day.
Nigel: Oh really, tell me it.
John: Yeah, well, it’s about this guy, this Italian guy he’s on this…
and he needs to go to Rome.
Nigel: OK.
John: Yeah, he’s, he’s going, and, well, he’s on, no, sorry, he doesn’t
need to go to Rome, he needs to go on the train to Rome, he
needs to get off at this town called Prato, or something like
that.
Nigel: Oh really, why?
John: Yeah, he’s going to a wedding anyway. Anyway, he’s a bit
worried cos he’s, like, really, really tired. So he gets on the
train and he finds the ticket inspector, and he goes, “ah, here
is ten thousand lire. I want to…”.
Nigel: Ten thousand lire! Wow! That’s a lot of money.
John: Nah, it sounds like a lot. It’s not a lot really [OK]. Anyway, he
says, “please wake me up in Pr…, when we get to Prato”. You
know, he’s really worried he going to fall asleep and miss the
station.
Nigel: Alright, so what happens?
John: Yeah, the ticket inspector says, “yeah, no problem”. So the
guy gets on his seat and he falls asleep almost immediately
cos he’s, he’s been up working for about 24 hours. And next
thing he wakes up and he’s in Rome.
Nigel: He’s in Rome! Wow! What happened?
John: He’s missed, he’s missed the station so he’s like really, really
angry. So he goes to find the ticket inspector, and he goes,
“hey, I told you, I gave you ten thousand lire to wake me up
in Prato”.
Nigel: So, what does the conductor say?
John: He goes, “oh, I’m very sorry. I can see you are angry,” and
the, “but you are not as angry as the other guy I threw off at
Prato”.
Nigel: (laughter) That’s, that’s pretty lame.
John: Yeah, it’s pretty lame. Erm, you know, he, like, threw off
another guy and, not the right guy… (laughter). Oh, it’s
stupid. Never mind.
GLOSSARY
a punch-line n
the end of a joke or story, and the part
that makes it funny
this guy exp
notice how we use “this” to refer to
people or things when we are telling
jokes or stories
yeah exp
yes
to get off phr vb
to leave a train
anyway exp
this expression is often used to change
the topic of a conversation. People often
use in order to stop what they are saying
and to start something new
cos abbr
because
like exp
people often use this when they are
thinking about what to say next. It is
wused to fill space in a conversation and
doesn’t mean anything
nah exp
no
to miss vb
if you “miss” a station, you don’t see the
station, or you forget to get off at the
station, etc
he goes exp inform
he says
pretty mod
quite
lame adj
bad, poor, weak
erm n
this is the sound that people make when
they are thinking about what to say
you know exp
people often use this expression when
they are thinking about what to say next
USEFUL VOCABULARY to help you with the story:
a train
a wedding
a ticket inspector
sleeping
a seat
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AUDIO
Phone conversations to help improve your listening skills.
CRANK CALLS
Crank Calls
Here are some more crank calls for you to enjoy.
Crank Call I
Crank Call II
For this call we chose someone out of the phone book at random.
We pretended to be from a market research company, interviewing
people about their opinions for the next election. Notice how our
questions get sillier and sillier:
This time we decided to phone up a restaurant and have a bit of
fun. We chose one out of a guide book and started to wind up our
victim. In this case, our objective was to waste time… and I think
we managed to do it very well:
Victim: Hello?
Hot:
Oh, hi, this is Roger, I’m calling from a market research
company, Timeshare. I was wondering if you just had a
minute to spare?
Victim: Yeah, OK, but I’m running late.
Hot:
Oh, thank you so much. Basically, we’re getting people’s
opinions on the candidates for the election. Would you
mind telling me which party you are going to vote for,
please?
Victim: Democrat.
Hot:
Very well. Now we just need a few bits of information for
our database. Would you mind answering a few personal
questions?
Victim: Yeah, sure. Go ahead.
Hot:
Age, approximately?
Victim: 35.
Hot:
Profession?
Victim: I’m a freelance designer.
Hot:
Hair colour?
Victim: Erm, dark brown, er…
Hot:
Hair type: fuzzy, straight, curly or wavy?
Victim: Are you for real?
Hot:
Distinguishing features?
Victim: Are you serious?
Hot:
No, not really. Bye.
Victim: Hello, welcome to Benny’s Burger Bar, hold on, please. Sorry about that. How may I help you?
Hot:
Hi, yes, I’d like to order some food to take away, please.
Victim: OK, I’ll take your order.
Hot:
I’ll have three hamburgers without tomato or ketchup.
Victim: That’s no problem. Any fries with that?
Hot:
Yes, three portions of fries… no, four. No, no, no three.
Yes, three.
Victim: So just three orders of fries.
Hot:
No, sorry, could you make that four - my brother’s a bit of a pig.
Victim: OK, four orders of fries. Anything to drink with that?
Hot:
Yes, three Cokes, please.
Victim: Three Cokes?
Hot:
Yes, three.
Victim: OK, three Cokes…
Hot:
No, I mean, yes, three, three.
Victim: Would you like any dessert with that?
Hot:
No.
Victim: OK, that’ll be…
Hot:
Sorry, did I say no. I meant, yes.
Victim: You would like a dessert?
Hot:
Yes.
Victim: What would you like, Sir?
Hot:
What do you recommend?
Victim: Well, we’ve got…
Hot:
Actually, sorry, I’ve just changed my mind. I think we’ll be
cooking tonight. Bye.
More next month.
GLOSSARY
a crank call n
a funny phone call that you make in
order to irritate someone. Literally, a
“crank” is a mad, crazy insane person.
These calls are also known as prank calls
to put the phone down exp
to take the phone away from your
mouth and ear and to put it back on
the box. Ths stops the communication
a surname n
a last name. Also known as a family name
speaking exp
this is like saying, “yes, that’s correct”.
It is used on the phone when someone
asks you to confirm your name
at random exp
spontaneously - not selected or
specifically chosen
a market research company n
a company that asks people questions
in order to get information about
opinions, habits, etc
to wonder vb
to ask yourself a question about
something
a minute to spare n
a free moment
I’m running a bit late exp
I’m late for an appointment or date
a database n
a file on the computer with information
about people: their address, age, etc
fuzzy adj
hair that has lots of little circles in it
very close to your head
curly adj
hair that has little circles in it
wavy adj
hair that is almost straight but not
completely
are you for real? exp
are you serious?
distinguishing features n marks or
things on your body or face
to phone up phr vb
to telephone
to wind someone up phr vb
inform
to make someone angry by irritating
them or playing jokes on them
food to take away n
food that you buy from a restaurant but
that you don’t eat there - you take it home
fries n
small, rectangular pieces of potato
that are fried in oil. “Chips” in British
English
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15 JOKES TO INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY!
15 JOKES TO
INCREASE YOUR
VOCABULARY!
Jokes are a great way to improve your English. The language is really practical because it’s informal spoken English. Also, jokes
are motivating because they’re funny (hopefully). And finally, you can use the jokes when you’re chatting to friends. First, read
these jokes and see if you can understand them – check the Joke Explanation Page if you need any help. In some cases, the joke
is based on the double meaning of a word, or there’s a homophone – a word with the same pronunciation as another word but
with a different meaning. When you’re ready, do the exercises on the following page to check your understanding. Good luck!
1 A: What’s an astronaut’s favourite
part on a computer?
B: I don’t know. What is an astronaut’s
favourite part on a computer?
A: The space bar.
2 A man tells his doctor, “Doctor,
please help me. I’m addicted to
Twitter!”
And the doctor replies, “I’m sorry, but
I don’t follow you.”
3 A: What did the left eye say to the
right eye?
B: I don’t know. What did the left eye
say to the right eye?
A: Between you and me, something
smells.
4 Two artists had an art contest.
It ended in a draw!
5 A: What did the shark say when he
ate the clownfish?
B: I don’t know. What did the shark say
when he ate the clownfish.
A: This tastes a little funny.
6 A: Why couldn’t the pony sing in the
concert?
B: I don’t know. Why couldn’t the pony
sing in the concert?
A: Because she was a little hoarse.
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8 Last night, my dog ate all the
Scrabble tiles.
He keeps leaving little messages
around the house.
9 A: What did one hat say to the
other?
B: I don’t know. What did one hat say
to the other?
A: You wait here. I’ll go on a head.
10 A: Where does Batman go to the
toilet?
B: I don’t know. Where does Batman go
to the toilet?
A: The batroom.
11 I got my husband a fridge for his
birthday.
I can’t wait to see his face light up
when he opens it.
12 A: What do you call a magic dog?
B: I don’t know. What do you call a
magic dog?
A: A labracadabrador.
13 A: Why did the hipster burn his
mouth?
B: I don’t know. Why did the hipster
burn his mouth?
A: Because he drank his coffee before
it was cool.
14 When I told my wife she was
drawing her eyebrows too high, she
looked at me with surprise.
15 A: Did you hear about the two
robbers who stole a calendar?
B: No, what happened?
A: They each got six months.
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15 JOKES TO INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY!
7 A: What did one traffic light say to
the other?
B: I don’t know. What did one traffic
light say to the other?
A: Stop looking! I’m changing!
JOKE EXPLANATION BOX
JOKE EXPLANATION PAGE
Here are some definitions to help you understand each joke.
1 The “space bar” is the object on a computer keyboard
that you use to make a space between words or letters.
“Space” is the area outside the Earth’s atmosphere with
stars and planets: “The rocket travelled into space.”
2 If you can’t “follow” what someone is saying, you don’t
understand them: “It was difficult to follow what he was
saying.”
If you “follow” someone on social media, you can see
everything they post on their social media page: photos,
text, stories, information…
3 If something “smells” good, it has a nice quality that you
like; if something “smells” bad, it has a bad quality that
you don’t like: “This food smells delicious.”
If you “smell” something, you notice or discover it by
using your nose: “I can smell smoke.”
4 If you “draw” a picture, you create it with a pen or pencil:
“She drew a picture of a cat.”
If there’s a “draw” in a competition, both contestants or
teams have the same points in the end.
If you go “on ahead”, you go in front of other people:
“She went on ahead to see if the cinema was open.”
10 The “bathroom” is the place where you have a shower,
brush your teeth, go to the toilet…
A “batroom” is an invented word that’s a combination of
“Batman” and “bathroom”.
11 A fridge is a piece of kitchen equipment that keeps food
cold: “I put the milk in the fridge.”
If someone’s face “lights up”, they suddenly look very
happy: “His face lit up when he saw the present.”
If an object “lights up”, the lights inside it are turned on
and it becomes bright.
12 A “Labrador” is a type of dog with yellow or black fur
that’s often used as a guide dog for blind
people.
When magicians perform magic, they often
say “abracadabra” as they do the trick.
A “labracadabrador” is an invented
word that’s a combination of
“Labrador” and “abracadabra”.
5 A “shark” is a large fish eats other fish or even humans.
A “clownfish” is a tropical fish that’s usually red and
orange with white stripes.
If something is “funny”, it makes you laugh: “That joke
was really funny.”
If something tastes “funny”, it has a strange or unusual
flavour: “This food tastes funny.”
6 A “pony” is a type of small horse.
If you’re “hoarse”, your voice is rough (not smooth)
because you’re sick with a cold or cough.
The words “hoarse” and “horse” (the animal) are
homophones – they have the same pronunciation, but
different meanings.
7 If a traffic light is “changing”, it’s going from red to
green, green to amber (orange), etc.
If someone is “changing” their clothes, they’re putting on
different clothes: “He’s changing at the moment so you
can’t go into the room.”
8 “Scrabble” is a word game that you play by creating
words on a board.
A Scrabble “tile” is a small plastic square with a letter on
it that you use to create words in the game Scrabble.
9 If you put a hat “on a head”, you place it on your head.
13 A hipster is a person who knows
about the latest
styles, fashions,
music…
If liquid is
“cool”, it’s a
little bit cold.
If someone is
“cool”, people like or admire that person
and think they’re very fashionable.
14 Your eyebrows are the thin lines of hair
above your eyes.
If you “draw your eyebrows”, you use
make-up to create new eyebrows, or to
make the existing ones darker.
We often raise our eyebrows (make them
go high) when we’re surprised or shocked.
15 If a criminal “gets” 6 months,
he/she is sent to prison for
6 months.
Yearly calendars have 12
months on them, so if you
“get” 6 months of a
calendar, you receive
half a calendar.
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EXERCISES!
Answers on page 48
1 Joke completion
2 Gap fill
Complete the jokes with the words from below.
Complete the joke with the correct words.
1. What did one traffic light say to the other? Stop
looking! I’m
!
2. Patient: “Doctor, please help me. I’m addicted to
Twitter!”
Doctor: “I’m sorry, but I don’t
you.”
3. Two artists had an art contest. It ended in a
!
4. Last night, my dog ate all the Scrabble tiles. He keeps
leaving little _______ around the house.
5. Where does Batman go to the toilet? The
.
6. I got my husband a fridge for his birthday. I can’t wait
to see his face
up when he opens it.
7. What’s an astronaut’s favourite part on a computer?
The
bar.
8. When I told my wife she was drawing her eyebrows
too high, she looked at me with
.
cool
hoarse
smells
funny
Labracadabrador
head
months
1. What did the left eye say to the right eye? Between
you and me, something
.
2. What did the shark say when he ate the clownfish?
This tastes a little
.
3. Why couldn’t the pony sing in the concert? Because
she was a little
.
4. What do you call a magic dog? A
.
5. What did one hat say to the other? You wait here. I’ll
go on a
.
6. Why did the hipster burn his mouth? Because he
drank his coffee before it was
.
7. Did you hear about the two people who stole a
calendar? They each got six
.
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15 JOKES TO INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY! EXERCISES!
15 JOKES TO INCREASE YOUR VOCABULARY!
AUDIO
BOOK REVIEW
Book review
“THREE MEN IN A BOAT”
By Laura Warrell
The one sentence review
Three men and a dog go on a trip down the River Thames and have
a lot of adventures.
The Thames
This book is all about three friends, Jerome, Harris, and George, who
decide to go on a trip down the Thames with their dog, Montmorency.
As they travel along the water, they get into all sorts of trouble.
The thing you’ll love about this book is the
humour. It’s written in a light, ironic tone.
Let’s see some extracts from the book.
life are also great. On their first day of the trip, all three of them
oversleep and get up late. Harris is still sleeping and this is how
George describes him:
There he lay - the man who had wanted to know what time he
should wake us - on his back, with his mouth wide open, and his
knees stuck up. I don’t know why it should be, I am sure, but the
sight of another man asleep in bed when I am up, maddens me.
And in this scene they put on the kettle for
a cup of tea. Here’s what the writer has to
say on the art of boiling water:
Swimming
In this the three men are talking
about swimming and eating:
We all talked as if we were going to have a
long swim every morning. George said it was
so pleasant to wake up in the boat in the
fresh morning, and plunge into the river.
Harris said there was nothing like a swim
before breakfast to give you an appetite. He
said it always gave him an appetite. George
said that if it was going to make Harris eat
more then Harris ordinarily ate, then he
should protest against Harris having a bath
at all.
Sleep & Tea
The writer’s descriptions and observations on
If the kettle sees that you are waiting for
it and are anxious, it will never even sing.
You have to go away and begin your meal,
as if you were not going to have any tea at
all. You must not even look round at it. Then
you will soon hear it spluttering away, mad
to be made into tea.
It is a good plan, too, if you are in a great
hurry, to talk very loudly to each other about
how you don’t need any tea, and are not
going to have any. You get near the kettle,
so that it can overhear you, and then you
shout out: “I don’t want any tea; do you,
George?” to which George shouts back: “Oh
no, I don’t like tea; we’ll have lemonade
instead - tea’s so indigestible.” Upon which
the kettle boils.
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BOOK REVIEW
A Toothbrush
The objective of the trip was to have a nice, pleasant, relaxing
time, but nothing ever seems to go right for them. In another
scene, George describes why it’s so hard to pack a bag:
“Yes, it must be,” replied the cousin, “because we’ve walked a
good two miles already.”
Harris began to think it rather strange himself.
Our Opinion
I opened the bag and packed the boots in; and then, just as I was
going to close it, a horrible idea occurred to me. Had I packed my
toothbrush? I don’t know how it is, but I never do know whether
I’ve packed my toothbrush.
My toothbrush is a thing that haunts me when I’m travelling,
and makes my life a misery. I dream that I haven’t packed it, and
wake up in a cold perspiration, and get out of bed and hunt for
it. And, in the morning I pack it before I have used it and have
to unpack again to get it, and it is always the last thing I turn
out of the bag; and then I repack and forget it, and have to rush
upstairs for it at the last moment...
And Harris is even worse at packing as he puts a pot of jam on top
of a tomato. Later they have to pick the tomato out of the bag.
And in our final extract, the three men stop at a pub for lunch.
After eating, they go to the maze at Hampton Court. Of course,
they all get lost. Harris acts as a guide as he thinks he knows how
to get out:
There must have been twenty people following him, in all; and
one woman with a baby, who had been there all the morning,
insisted on taking his arm, for fear of losing him. Harris kept on
turning to the right, but it seemed a long way, and his cousin
said he supposed it was a very big maze.
“Oh, one of the largest in Europe,” said Harris.
This is a great book, which also gives you an insight into the life
of rich English gentlemen in the beginning of the 19th century.
It’s written in a light, ironic style and has lots of examples of the
dry, British sense of humour. Highly recommended.
GLOSSARY
a trip n
a journey
to get into all sorts of trouble exp
to have many problems
an ironic tone n
a style of writing that makes fun of
someone, or that makes something
trivial sound very serious as a way of
being funny
to plunge vb
to jump into water
to oversleep vb
to sleep longer than you wanted
to stick up phr vb (past: stuck up)
to push something in an upwards
direction
to be up exp
to be awake and out of bed
to madden vb
to make really angry
to put on phr vb
to start cooking food by putting a pan
over the gas or electricity
a kettle n
an object for making water hot. You use
the water to make tea
to boil vb
to make water hot (100ºC)
to sing vb
many kettles make a noise (sing) when
the water reaches 100ºC. This “sin-ging”
is caused by the water vapour
to splutter away phr vb
when water is boiling, it often jumps out
- it is “spluttering away”
to overhear vb
to secretly hear a conver-sation
to pack a bag exp
to put clothes in a bag or suitcase
to haunt vb
if something “haunts” you, it worries and
irritates you
to unpack vb
to take clothes or things out of a bag
to repack vb
to put things in a bag again. Previously
you had taken them out
to rush vb
to go to a place very quickly
to pick out phr vb
to use your fingers to take something
out of a place
a maze n
a labyrinth
an insight n
an understanding
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AUDIO
TRIVIA INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMS
Trivia
INTERNATIONAL
CUSTOMS
This is the second part of our series on strange, weird and unusual practices from around the world.
In ancient Rome, people found guilty of murdering their fathers
were executed in a bizarre manner. The punishment was to be put in
a sack with a rooster, a viper, and a dog, then drowned along with
all three animals.
In some remote parts of South America a man must kiss a woman
if she trips him and makes him fall during a ceremonial dance.
Apparently, men are notoriously bad dancers in areas where this
custom is practised.
When gentlemen in medieval Japan wished to seal an agreement,
they held hands and went to the bathroom together.
During the time of Peter the Great, any Russian who wore a beard
was required to pay a special tax. Apparently, facial hair was
considered a sign of wealth.
In most countries the cure for stress, tension and high blood
pressure is rest, a change or a doctor’s prescription. In Britain it’s a
cup of tea.
In ancient Rome it was considered a sign of leadership to be born
with a hooked nose.
In many European countries it is seen as rude to make any
references to someone’s age - particularly if the person is elderly.
However, in Vietnam it is polite and respectful to address an elderly
woman as “ba”, which is a way of saying “old woman”.
In medieval Britain there was a very unusual way of discovering
whether someone was a witch or not. The suspected witch was
tied to a chair and then lowered into a river. If she died, she was
innocent; and if she survived, she was a witch and was subsequently
burnt at the stake. And that’s what is known as a “no-win
situation”.
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In the kingdom of Bhutan, all citizens officially become one year
older on New Year’s Day.
During the special New Year celebrations in Bhutan, families are
obliged to spend all their savings in order to keep the spirits happy.
Belgium is the only country that has never censored a single
adult film. So now you know where to go for the best in adult
entertainment!
In most countries around the world smoking is more or less
tolerated. However, in the US if you light up in public, you may
find yourself surrounded by an angry mob eager to lynch you.
GLOSSARY
In some African countries some tribes hold trials against animals.
In one famous case, a tortoise was sentenced to death after
“causing the death of six people through magic”. However, none
of the villagers were prepared to carry out the execution, and the
poor beast was chained to a tree. It was eventually pardoned and
released.
In ancient China women had the size and shape of their feet altered
because small feet were considered more beautiful.
In Turkey during the 16th and 17th centuries, anyone caught
drinking coffee was put to death. People considered the “black
liquid” the devil’s drink.
In medieval Britain the way to find out if someone was guilty of
a crime or not was to burn their hand. If the wound healed, they
were innocent; and if it didn’t heal, they were guilty.
There was a custom in ancient Greece that permitted a father to sell
his daughter into slavery if she had sex before marriage.
In the Pacific islands there is a belief that the soul escapes through
the mouth or nose when a person is ill. As a result, sick people
often attach fish hooks to their nose so the soul can’t get out.
guilty adj
if you are “guilty” of a crime, you have
committed that crime
a sack n
a big bag made of material
a rooster n
an adult, male chicken. A “cockerel” in
British English
a viper n
a type of poisonous snake
to drown vb
to die in water
to trip vb
if you “trip” someone, you hit them
with your foot and make them fall
notoriously adv
if someone is a “notoriously bad
dancer”, they are well-known for
dancing badly
to seal an agreement exp to confirm
an agreement
a hooked nose n
a large, curved nose
a witch n
a woman who can do magic
to tie vb
to fix two things together with string,
rope, cord, etc
to lower vb
to move something to a lower level
to burn someone at the stake exp
to kill someone by tying them to a
wooden construction and burning them
a no-win situation n
a bad situation from which no one will
benefit
a trial n
a legal process to decide if someone is
innocent or guilty
a case n
another word for a trial - see above
to pardon vb
if you “pardon” a guilty person, you say
that the person can go free
to release vb
to permit someone to leave a prison
to put to death exp
to kill
a wound n
a large cut on your body
to heal vb
if a cut in your body “heals”, it closes
and becomes better
a soul n
your mind and spirit
a fish hook n
a curved piece of metal used to catch
fish
a lower caste person n
in India people are divided into
“castes”. There are upper-caste people
(the important, rich people), and lowercaste people (the poor people)
to cast a shadow exp
if you “cast a shadow”, you make a dark
shape on the ground because you have
obscured the light
savings n
the money you have saved in the bank
to censor vb
to cut or eliminate scenes from a film
to light up phr vb
to light a cigarette
a mob n
a gang of angry, violent people
to lynch vb
if someone is “lynched”, a group of
people kill that person by putting a
rope around their neck and hanging
them. Here it is used in the abstract
sense
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TRIVIA INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMS
In ancient India lower-caste people were prohibited from all
forms of contact with the Brahman (the upper class), including
casting their shadows on anyone from the privileged class.
AUDIO
BUSINESS DIALOGUES
BUSINESSTALK
BOOKING A HOTEL
CONFERENCE ROOM
In this phone conversation, Sam, the head of marketing for a
large multi-national company, is phoning a hotel. Listen to the
conversation and answer these two questions:
1. What does Sam want?
2. In your opinion, why doesn’t Sam want to stay at the hotel?
Give three reasons.
(Phone rings)
Receptionist: Good morning, this is the “Sunny Days Hotel”, how
can I help you?
Sam:
Oh good morning. I was wondering whether your
conference room was available for the weekend of
the 30th May.
Receptionist: Let me just check… erm, yes, yes, it’s free for that
weekend.
Sam:
Oh great. I saw your webpage and your conference
hall is just what we’re looking for. I was also
wondering if you had twelve single rooms free for
that weekend.
Receptionist: Yes, yes, 12 rooms, no problem.
Sam:
Well, then I’d like to reserve the rooms, please. Erm…
sorry, but I couldn’t help noticing all that noise.
Receptionist: Noise? Oh, that, it’s just a bit of building work
that’s going…
Sam:
I beg your pardon?
Receptionist: It’s just a bit of building work that’s going on. It’s
nothing to worry about.
Sam:
Well it does sound very loud. Another thing, how
close is the hotel to the beach? The conference
participants would like the opportunity to
visit the beach during their free time. On your
website there’s a photo of the sea, so I was just
wondering…
Receptionist: Oh, the beach. It’s just ten minutes away.
Sam:
Walking?
Receptionist: Erm, yes, after you’ve parked the car.
Sam:
You have to go by car?
Receptionist: Yes, but it only takes about half-an-hour… when
the traffic is light.
Sam:
Oh. I’ll have to think about this.
Receptionist: Oh, don’t go. The rooms are really nice, and the
bathrooms are only down the corridor.
Sam:
You mean there aren’t any en-suite bathrooms.
Receptionist: Erm, no.
Sam:
Look, I’ll get back to you when I’ve taken a
decision. OK? bye.
Receptionist: Oh, OK. Bye.
Exercise
Now listen to some extracts from the conversation again.
You will notice there are some missing words and a beeping
sound. See if you can write the missing word. (The answers
are on page 48.)
1. I was wondering whether your conference room was
__________.
2. Yes, it’s free _________ that weekend.
3. It’s nothing to worry _____________ .
4. How close is the hotel __________ the beach?
5. The bathrooms are only __________ the corridor.
6. I’ll get _________ to you when I’ve taken a decision.
GLOSSARY
I was wondering exp
this expression means: I would like to
know, I wanted to know
a conference room n
a large room used for very big business
meetings
available adj
if a room is “available”, you can use it
I couldn’t help… exp
we use this expression as a polite way
of making an observation that may be
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considered rude or inappropriate. It’s
like saying, “I’m sorry, but…”
I beg your pardon? exp
this is a polite way of saying “what?”
traffic is light exp
there is not much traffic
an en-suite bathroom n
a bathroom that is connected directly
to a hotel room and for the private use
of the person in that room
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VOCABULARY THE TRAIN
VOCABULARY THE TRAIN
Here is some useful vocabulary related to TRAINS.
Trains - at British train stations
Window - most windows have
you will often hear that British
trains are “late”, “delayed” or
“cancelled”… but very rarely “on
time”.
signs next to them that say, “DO
NOT LEAN OUT OF THE WINDOW”.
However, most British people ignore
this and stick their heads out to see
what’s going on. The “window seat”
is the one next to the window. This
has a very handy arm-rest, which
makes sleeping so much easier.
Luggage holder - this is the
place you can put your bags. It’s
usually just above the seats. British
luggage holders are made out of old
fishing nets.
Buffet car - this is the carriage
that sells really expensive drinks
and sandwiches. It’s also where you
can sample some of the delights
of British cuisine, such as the
soggy ham sandwich and the
smelly egg one.
Carriage - a train often has
several carriages with seats for about
fifty people in each one. If you are
in a rush, you can be guaranteed
that your carriage will be the one at
the end of the platform.
Drinks trolley - this is the
Sleeping car - this is the part
little “vehicle” that comes round
full of drinks and cakes that you
can buy. It saves you making the
trip to the buffet car.
of the train where you can sleep in
bunk beds. Always ask for a nonsmoking carriage… and preferably
one with no snorers.
Passenger No-smoking - there are
these are the people
who travel on the
train with you. They
have a tendency
to crowd onto the
train on those days
when you are feeling
especially tired,
stressed and
irritable.
no-smoking signs everywhere
on trains, and as a clever train
advertisement once said: “our trains
don’t smoke, so neither can you.”
Ticket inspector - this is the
person who comes around to check
your ticket and charge you excess
fare if you haven’t got one. They
take delight in waking up sleeping
passengers.
Seat - typical British train seats
are often covered in a bright,
colourful tartan material. They
look nice when they’re new but
after a few months they get very
dirty and dusty. Try hitting one
and watch the cloud of dust that
goes up in the air.
Aisle - this is the corridor that
runs through the carriage. The
aisle is often very narrow and
very difficult to walk along whilst
carrying things. The “aisle seat” is
the one next to the corridor. It’s
useful if you want to go to the
toilet, but very uncomfortable if you
want to sleep as there’s nowhere to
rest your head.
GLOSSARY
delayed adj
late
a fishing net n
a material with holes in it that is used
to catch fish
in a rush exp
if you are “in a rush”, you have to go
somewhere very quickly
a bunk bed n
two beds, one on top of another
non-smoking adj
if a room is “non-smoking”, it is not
permitted to smoke in that room
a snorer n
a person who snores (makes a noise
through their nose at night while
breathing)
to smoke vb
in the past, the trains in Britain had
steam (vapour) engines (motors). They
produced lots of “smoke”
excess fare n
extra money you must pay if you don’t
have a ticket on a train
to take delight in some-thing exp
to really enjoy something
tartan material n
a type of material with a Scottish
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pattern of coloured squares on it
dusty adj
with lots of dust (very small pieces of
dirt)
a cloud of dust n
if there is a “cloud of dust”, there is
lots of dust in the air
a carriage n
each train has about 5 or 6 carriages
with about 50 people in each one
handy
* Theseadj
words are all in British English.
useful
an arm-rest n
an object next to a chair on which you
can put your arm
the delights of British cuisine n
the “best” British food. In this case, it
is used sarcastically
soggy adj
very wet
smelly adj
that smells bad
it saves you making the trip exp
it is not necessary to go to that place
to crowd onto a train exp if people
“crowd onto a train”, many, many
people go onto that train
AUDIO
TYPICAL DIALOGUES
TYPICALDIALOGUES
THE TICKET INSPECTOR
Here’s a typical dialogue with lots of useful vocabulary and
expressions to use when you’re travelling on a train. In this
scene, Miss Hardcastle is just boarding a train with her pet dog,
Poochykins.
Announcement: The next train on platform three is the
through-train to Wokering.
Miss Hardcastle: Guard! Guard! Just come here. What did
that man say? I didn’t understand a thing - can’t
they speak in English?
Guard:
The next train on platform one is not stopping
here, madam.
Miss Hardcastle: Oh, but when is my train arriving? I’m going to
Sheringham.
Guard:
Your train is the one after this.
Miss Hardcastle: Here, take my bag! It’s very heavy.
Guard:
There is no porter service in this train station.
Good afternoon.
Miss Hardcastle: What a rude man!
(five minutes later)
Announcement: The train approaching platform one is
the fast train to Sheringham. Change at
Petering for all stations to Nexham.
(the train arrives and Miss Hardcastle and her dog get on)
Miss Hardcastle: (to a passenger) You! Is this the train to
Sheringham?
Passenger:
Yeah, I hope so cos I’m going there too.
Miss Hardcastle: Good. Now, I see this seat is occupied by a very
dirty pair of boots belonging to you. Please
remove them and extinguish that cigarette. I
don’t like smoke!
Passenger:
OK, no problem. (looking at the dog) Nice dog.
(Poochykins gets angry)
Miss Hardcastle: Stop upsetting him! He is very nervous.
Passenger:
Oh right. Sorry.
(five minutes later)
Ticket inspector: Tickets, please.
Miss Hardcastle: Guard. I did not have time to get a ticket, and
the ticket machine wasn’t working.
Ticket inspector: Then you’ll have to pay excess fare.
Miss Hardcastle: I will not. (Poochykins starts to growl again)
Ticket inspector: And may I remind you that dogs are not
permitted on our trains.
(Poochykins gets angrier)
Miss Hardcastle: I refuse. I will pay you the standard rate.
Ticket inspector: In that case I’m afraid you will have to leave at
the next stop.
(Poochykins starts to bark)
Miss Hardcastle: Look what you’ve done now.
Ticket inspector: Madam, we are approaching the next station. I
would kindly request that you and your dog to…
(Poochykins jumps on the inspector)
Help! Help! Please, stop! Get that dog off me!
Miss Hardcastle: Poochykins! Stop! Bad boy! (to the inspector)
You silly man. They should teach you how to treat
dogs properly. Now how much was that ticket to
Sheringham…
Ticket inspector: Don’t worry about it. I’m going to another carriage.
GLOSSARY
a platform n
the area in a train station where you
wait to get on a train
a through-train n
a train that
doesn’t stop at the station where you are
waiting - it’s goes “through” the station
a guard n
a person who works in a train station
helping passengers, etc
I didn’t understand a thing exp
I didn’t understand anything
a porter n
a person who works in a train station
carrying bags
to approach vb
if a train is “approaching” a station, it is
arriving at the station
cos abbr
because
to upset vb
to make sad or angry
excess fare n
extra money you must pay if you are on
a train with no ticket
to refuse vb
if you “refuse” to do some-thing, you
say that you will not do that thing
I’m afraid exp
an expression we use before giving sad
or bad news
a stop n
the stations where a train stops on its
journey
I would kindly request… exp
this expression is used as a polite way of
asking for something
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ANSWERS ON PAGE 48
CROSSWORD
CROSSWORD
Across
Down
3:
To choose something spontaneously without carefully selecting.
To do something at r__________
5: Your younger brother. Your k_____ brother
9: To take the phone from your
mouth and ear and
put it back on the box. To put the _____________ down
10: To cut or edit scenes from a film. To ____________ a film
12: Useful
13: To kick someone and make them fall down
15: To move something to a lower level
16: To make a cigarette burn so you can smoke it. To _________
up
18: To eliminate someone from a competition. To _____________
someone out
20: Very wet
22: A big bag made of material
23: Two beds, one on top of another. __________ beds
24: A break in a journey. When talking about trains, it can refer to
a train station
1: Money you have saved
2: A group of angry or violent people
4: A group of = a __________ of
6: To take a part of someone’s salary as a punishment
7: A train that doesn’t stop at a station. A __________ train
8: A person who carries your bags in a train station
11: An American word to describe a piece of paper money
14: A large cut on your body
17: Disgusting, horrible,
revolting (an
informal word)
19: A pain in your leg
because your muscle
has contracted
21: To open your mouth
wide because you
are tired
18: Frightening
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See if you can identify the word below. Then, try to find these words (here on the right) in the Wordsearch.
Good luck! Answers on page 48.
MATCHING
A: A host
B: A round
C: A contestant
D: A single
E: Wanna
F: A coin
G: A flyer
H: To rise
I: A shot
J: To smash
K: A tantrum
L: A bully
M: To yell
N: Obscenities
HOST
RISE
ROUND
SHOT
CONTESTANT
SMASH
SINGLE
TANTRUM
WANNA
BULLY
COIN
YELL
FLYER
OBSCENITIES
See if you can match the two columns.
Answers on page 48.
1. To go up; to increase
2. Rude words, taboo words
3. Want to
4. In tennis, to hit the ball very hard
5. A metal piece of money
6. A section of a competition
7. A person who organises and controls a competition
8. To shout
9. A piece of paper with information or publicity on it
10. A CD with just one or two songs
11. A person who participates in a competition
12. In tennis, this is each time you hit a ball
13. If you have one of these, you become very, very angry
14. A strong person who attacks a weaker person
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WORDSEARCH & MATCHING
WORDSEARCH
AUDIO
DR FINGERS’GRAMMAR CLINIC
DR FINGERS’GRAMMAR CLINIC
Dear readers,
Last month I told you all about indirect objects. And I showed you
how the following sentence, “I gave my brother a bicycle”, can be
written like this, “I gave a bicycle to my brother.”
Notice how we add a preposition (“to” in this case) when the
indirect object (my brother) goes at the end of the sentence.
Now, you may be wondering why we would want to change the
order of the sentence and put the indirect object at the end,
making our lives even more complicated. Well, there are basically
two reasons for doing this: firstly, for emphasis; and secondly, if
the indirect object is too long. Let’s look at each of these reasons
in detail.
Emphasis
Sometimes we may want to give special importance to the indirect
object. In order to do this, we put it at the end of the sentence.
Let’s see an example:
A: Did you give the bicycle to Tom?
B: No, I gave the bicycle to Mary.
In this little conversation, the focus of the exchange is the person
who received the bicycle (“Tom” and “Mary” - the indirect objects).
We put them at the end of the sentence in order to give them
special importance. And, of course, we have to add the appropriate
preposition, which in this case was “to”. Here are some more
examples with the appropriate prepositions:
A: Did you buy the flowers for John?
B: No, I bought the flowers for Michael.
A: Did she bring the food for me?
B: No, she brought the food for Susan.
Today ’s class:
INDIRECTS
OBJECT
Long Objects
We also change the order of the sentence if the indirect object is
relatively long and complicated. Look at the following example:
“She sent the person in charge of marketing a letter.”
In this example, the indirect object (“the person in charge
of marketing”) is fairly long and complex, and this sentence
sounds a bit unnatural. It would sound much better if we put the
indirect object at the end of the sentence, with the appropriate
preposition, which in this case is “to”. Now let’s see what it looks
like:
“She sent a letter to the person in charge of marketing.”
That’s much better. Here are some more examples with the indirect
object at the end:
“They gave the money to the person who most needed it.”
“She bought the car for her
brother who lives in Canada.”
“They sent the packet to the head
of personnel in the city branch.”
Well, I hope that has cleared up
any doubts you may have had.
See you all next month and happy
talking,
Dr Fingers.
JOKE - THE SANDWICH
by Daniel Coutoune
GLOSSARY
starving n
very, very hungry
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AUDIO
BUSINESS DIALOGUES
BUSINESSDIALOGUES
THE STAFF
REVIEW
In this dialogue, Mr Stevens, the head of human resources, is
talking to one of her employees, Jack Braynes. This is part of
the annual staff appraisal meeting in which each employee’s
achievements are discussed. Listen to the dialogue and see if you
can answer these two questions:
1. During the meeting, what problems is Jack having?
2. What does Mr Stevens have to keep repeating?
Mr Stevens: So, we’re just going to go through this form to
help us set targets for the future and evaluate your
performance in general.
Jack:
Yeah, whatever.
Mr Stevens: So, first of all, how do you feel you’ve been
performing?
Jack:
Don’t know.
Mr Stevens: Well, the options are “well”, “adequately”, “to some
extent” and “not too well”.
Jack:
Erm, sorry, what was the question?
Mr Stevens: Your general performance in the company, how do
you think it’s been going?
Jack:
Erm, what were the options again?
Mr Stevens: “Extremely well”, “adequately”, “to some extent” and
“not too well”.
Jack:
Alright.
Mr Stevens: Which option would you like to choose?
Jack:
I can’t remember the options.
Mr Stevens: Here, I’ll write them on this piece of paper. (she
writes) Now which one would you like to choose?
Jack:
“Extremely well”.
Mr Stevens: Erm, didn’t you just say that you thought it was
“alright”. Now you’re saying “extremely well”. Are you
sure about that?
Jack:
OK, “adequately”. Is that better?
Mr Stevens: Mr Braynes, it’s not a question of being right or wrong.
I just want you to give me your honest opinions. Now,
let’s get on to the second question, what do you see
as your strengths and weaknesses in the company?
Jack:
Erm, I’m a good communicator.
Mr Stevens: OK, very good. And your weaknesses?
Jack:
Well, I haven’t been to the gym for a while, so…
Mr Stevens: No, no, I mean, which areas do you feel you need to
make an improvement in?
Jack:
Oh, well, I think I’m not very good at getting my
ideas across, and I tend to get angry and frustrated
easily, in fact, you know, my psychiatrist said that
I’m a bit of a failure…
Mr Stevens: Your psychiatrist? You’re seeing a psychiatrist?
Jack:
Only three times a week.
Mr Stevens: OK, now, why don’t you just fill out this form
yourself and we’ll discuss it at a later date.
Jack:
OK.
Exercise
Now listen to some extracts from the conversation again.
You will notice there are some missing words and a beeping
sound. See if you can write the missing word. (The answers
are on the page 48.)
1. We’re just going to go ___________ this form.
2. Here, I’ll write them ___________ this piece of paper.
3. Are you sure ___________ that?
4. Now, let’s get __________ to the second question.
5. I’m not very good at getting my ideas _____________.
GLOSSARY
a staff appraisal meeting n
a meeting to talk about your work and
how you are doing in a company
to go through something phr vb
if you “go through” a form, you read
the form and answer the questions
a form n
a piece of paper with questions on it
to set targets exp
to establish objectives
a performance n
your “performance” is how well you
are doing and how successful you are
at your job
whatever exp
people use this expression as a way
of saying that they don’t care about
something
to perform vb
the way you “perform” is the way you
work or act
how do you think it’s been going? exp
do you think things are going well
or badly?
a strength n
something you are good at
a weakness n
something you aren’t good at
to make an improvement exp
to start to do things better
to get your ideas across exp
to communicate well and effectively
to tend vb
if you “tend” to do something, you
usually do that thing
a failure n
a person who is not successful
to fill out phr vb
to complete
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31
COLOURS IDIOMS
COLOURS IDIOMS
This month we are looking at some more idioms related to various colours.
Illustrations by Jorge Tarruella
To see someone in their true colours
If you see someone in their true colours,
you realise what they are really like:
“When she is under stress she loses control
- and that’s when you see her in her true
colours.”
To pass with flying colours
To pass an exam with a very high
score, or to complete a difficult
activity very successfully:
“He took his medical exams and
passed with flying colours.”
To see the colour of someone’s money
To make sure that someone can pay for something
before you let them have that thing:
“I don’t think he’s got enough money to pay for the
car. I want to see the colour of his money before I
give it to him.”
To lend colour to
a story
To see things through rose-coloured
spectacles/glasses
To exaggerate a story
and add details in
order to make the
story sound more
interesting:
“Geoffrey made our
holiday experience
sound a lot more
frightening than it
really was - he lent a
lot of colour to it.”
To see things in a positive and optimistic way,
even if the situation is really bad:
“Her life is a disaster: she has no job, her
partner has left her and her car has broken
down but she still seems to think that things
are going really well - she sees her life
through rose-coloured spectacles.”
To nail your colours to the mast
To say in public what you think about a subject:
“We are thinking of moving the business to either the Czech
Republic or Slovakia. Most of us want to go to Slovakia, but so
far the president has refused to nail his colours to the mast.”
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GLOSSARY
Please note that some of
the words in this glossary
box are literal translations
of parts of idiomatic
expressions.
to lend vb
if you “lend” something
to someone, you give it to
them for a limited period
of time
to nail vb
a “nail” is a thin piece
of metal used for fixing
pieces of wood together. If
you “nail” something onto
another thing, you use nails
to fix those things
a mast n
the central pole on a sailing
ship
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A look at some cool places from around the world
NEW YORKERS
Amazing World
NEW YORKERS
By Laura Warrell
What has 8 million people and thirty million visitors every year?
New York City, the center of the universe! Politics, arts, business - the Big Apple has it all.
But what does it take to live there? And what are New Yorkers really like?
The Five Boroughs
Mention New York and most people think of the island of
Manhattan, which is only part of the city. Actually, New York City
(NYC) is made up of five boroughs (districts):
immigrants who used to live there. Some of America’s greatest
treasures come from Brooklyn, including rap music, Woody Allen
and the phrase, “in da House”.
Manhattan
The Bronx
This area is notorious for being the toughest borough. It’s the
birthplace of Jennifer Lopez and the home to the Bronx Zoo, the
largest in the nation. The giant pandas are delightful, but you’re
still advised to avoid the Bronx.
Queens
With more than 1.9 million residents, this borough was named the
“most diverse county in America”. Queens has much to offer the
traveller, including Shea Stadium, home to baseball’s New York
Mets and Riker’s Island, New York City’s largest jail.
Staten Island
Only five points of interest are listed on Staten Island’s official
website. There isn’t much to say about Staten Island, except that
it’s an island… and you can take a ferry to get there.
Brooklyn
Mention Brooklyn, and many people think of poor immigrants
living in dirty flats. But there’s lots more to Brooklyn, with
arts festivals, museums, universities and street fairs. In South
Brooklyn, wealthy artists and yuppies buy beautiful apartments,
send their children to yoga classes and push out the poor
Some experts believe “Manhattan” is an Indian word for “island of
hills”, while others believe it means “city of neurotic egomaniacs
addicted to anti-depressants”. No one knows for sure, but one
thing is certain, Manhattan is the world’s coolest island. At its
top is Harlem, a historically black neighborhood, famed for its
artistic renaissance of the 1920s. On either side of Central Park are
two areas: Upper East Side, and Upper West Side. The East Side is
one of the country’s wealthiest neighborhoods and is where New
York’s high society lives in Fifth Park and Park Avenue mansions.
You can find names like Rockefeller and Vanderbilt there, and titles
like Lady Astor, plus lots of billionaires. People from this area
host charity events, buy Picassos for their homes, drive Bentleys,
appear in the party pages of Vogue magazine and send their
maids to Madison Avenue to buy from Yves Saint Laurent. Their
children usually become alcoholics and snort coke because being
ridiculously rich makes one spiritually empty.
The Upper West Side is wealthy too, but not so much and is more
accessible to commoners like John Lennon, who used to live there.
West Siders have “new” money, and go to trendy restaurants,
debate liberal politics and look down on anyone who doesn’t know
the difference between Brie and Camembert cheese. The East Side
has the city’s best museums, like the Guggenheim; the west has
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NEW YORKERS
the Lincoln Center, which is the world’s largest cultural complex
and performance hall.
In midtown there is Times Square and the Empire State Building, at
the top of which you can see the city and admire the seven layers
of pollution that hover there. It’s also home to Broadway, where
some of the world’s greatest theater is produced. New Yorkers
complain about the “Disneyfication” of Times Square, which used
to be filled with prostitutes and drug addicts but is now home
to Planet Hollywood and the “Lion King” musical. Without the
hookers and crack, they say, New York just doesn’t feel like home.
Hip people hang out on the island’s southern end in Greenwich
Village and the Lower East Side, which is filled with bohemians
who don’t know what year it is. Lenny Kravitz, Robert DeNiro and
David Bowie all live here, enjoying the restaurants, art galleries
and night- life. Further down, is Wall Street, where stock brokers
do coke and jump out of windows when the market drops.
So you wanna be a New Yorker?
Living happily in New York is easy. All you need is a six-figure
salary and an ego the size of the Statue of Liberty. The average
New Yorker comes from another city in search of fame, fortune, or
both. Artists live in Brooklyn or the Village, if they can afford it,
and hang out in Soho’s trendy bars. Wall Street types, lawyers and
investment bankers live near Wall Street or on the Upper West Side
where they can live in tiny apartments with rents high enough to
cause a heart attack.
Therapists
Almost everyone in New York has a therapist. Therapists charge
$100 an hour to stare at you and ask how your week has been.
Without one, you won’t be able to get a prescription for Prozac (for
depression) or Xanax (for “social anxiety,” a clever marketing term
for shyness) which is obligatory. So why are there so many crazy
people in New York? Well, for a start, the city makes you crazy
because there’s not enough space, money and fame for everyone,
so New Yorkers constantly compete. Second, the traffic and general
pace of the city makes everyone aggressive and self-absorbed.
The Subway
New Yorkers love the subway. It gives them a chance to read their
newspaper. It’s crowded, covered with graffiti, everyone on it
smells and, quite often, a homeless person will be sitting bareassed on the seat next to you. The subway is great as it gets you
where you want to go in record time. Never, ever try to drive in
New York City as the traffic is horrendous and taxi drivers have
been sent from hell to kill us.
Clubs & Pubs
The best way to identify a good club is to look for long lines of
stylish people waiting behind a velvet rope where a doorman with
the appearance of an ape decides who goes inside. What makes
ultra-chic NYC clubs so fun is that everyone acts like they’re
already famous even though their last acting job was a bit-part in
a commercial.
And now you’re ready for our simple guide on how to become a
New Yorker. Good luck!
(Please turn the page for our guide on how to become a New Yorker)
GLOSSARY
the Big Apple n
New York
what does it take to live there? exp
what type of person do you need to be
to survive there?
what are New Yorkers really like? exp
what is the true character of New
Yorkers?
notorious adj
famous (for negative reasons)
tough adj
violent
the birthplace n
the place where someone was born
delightful adj
wonderful, lovely
to avoid vb
if you “avoid” a place, you don’t go to
that place
a jail n
a prison
a ferry n
a ship that takes you (and your car) on
short journeys
a yuppy n
a rich, successful young person
cool adj
fashionable, nice, attractive
famed for exp
famous for
to host vb
to organise and control an event
a charity event n
a planned and organised occasion for
making money for a charity
a maid n
a person who works in your house
doing the cleaning, etc
to snort/do coke exp
to take the drug cocaine through your
nose
one exp
you can use “one·” to refer to people
in general. In this case, it is like “you”
trendy adj
fashionable
to look down on someone phr vb
to think that someone is inferior
to hover vb
to remain in an area without moving
Disneyfication n
making everything more like Disney
World
a hooker n inform
a prostitute
crack n
a type of cocaine
hip people n
fashionable and stylish people
to hang out phr vb
to go to an area and stay there with
friends
a bohemian n
a person who lives a very “artistic” life
to drop vb
to fall, to decrease
a six-figure salary n
a very big salary with six numbers:
$600,000 per year, for example
an ego the size of the Statue of
Liberty exp
a very big ego = a very positive
opinion of yourself
to stare vb
to look at something continuously
shyness n
being timid
the pace n
the rhythm
to smell vb
if you “smell”, you have a bad smell on
you or your clothes
homeless adj
with no home
bare-assed adj offens
with no clothes. An “ass” is the part of
your body that you sit on
hell n
the place where the devil lives
velvet n
a soft, smooth fabric
an ape n
a large monkey
chic adj
fashionable
a bit-part n
a small part in a film. It is usually a
part with no talking
a commercial n
a piece of publicity on the television
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35
BECOME A NEW YORKER
Living Abroad
Become a NEW YORKER
You’ve read our article on New Yorkers, and now here’s a useful guide on how you can become a
New Yorker. In order to do this you have to:
Get obsessed with yourself
Become completely self-absorbed. When someone talks about
themselves, let them know that your life is ten times more
interesting, and that your problems are far more serious. If the
other person won’t stop talking, you should begin yawning.
about this with your expensive New York therapist.
Get an attitude
On the subway, learn how to ignore people and stare into space
even when there’s a madman in front of you. It takes years to
master this skill but try your best.
Get a sense of indifference
When you see famous people, pretend you don’t notice.
New Yorkers are never impressed by fame. Act with complete
indifference. Perhaps, even, bump into them.
And now you are ready to be a true New Yorker.
Good luck!
Get a dog
How New York Got Its Name
Try to get the biggest dog imaginable, even though your
apartment’s the size of a laptop. All trendy New Yorkers own
enormous dogs.
By Ferdi
The story of how New York got its name is very interesting.
Originally, New York was called New Amsterdam. This is
because many of the first immigrants there were from
Amsterdam in Holland. These days, many areas of New York
still have Dutch names, such as Harlem and Brooklyn. In
the 17th century, the British bought this colony for just $1
(how generous). They also gave the Dutch a British colony in
South America (Surinam, which Holland still has today). Later
on, the British changed the name to New York.
Get a good job
Get a top job with a large salary, preferably as a stockbroker. You’ll
need the money as New York is expensive.
GLOSSARY
Get a therapist
to yawn vb
to open your mouth involuntarily and
very wide, usually because you are
tired
to pretend vb
to act as if something is true, even
though it isn’t true
indifference n
a lack of interest
to bump into someone phr vbto
accidentally crash against someone
Develop a mental illness or paranoia and spend lots of time talking
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a laptop n
a portable computer
trendy adj
fashionable, cool
to stare into space exp
to ignore what is happening around
you and to concentrate on looking at
just one thing
to master a skill exp
to become very good at something
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BIG CATS IN BRITAIN
Weird World
BIG CATS
IN BRITAIN
Have you been to Britain? If you have, you’ll have soon noticed that it’s a very safe country. There are no tornadoes,
no snow storms and no serious floods. And there aren’t any poisonous snakes, killer spiders or dangerous animals… or are
there. Some people claim to have seen extremely large and dangerous cats, better known as “Alien Big Cats” (or ABCs); and
many farmers say these cats have eaten their sheep and cows. The press have given these unusual animals lots of different
names: the “Surrey Puma”, the “Beast of Bodmin” and the “Beast of Exmoor”; and many people are absolutely convinced
that they exist. What are these unusual cats? And where did they come from?
Jumping Cats
Over the years many people claim to have seen Alien Big Cats.
The first sighting was in 1860 and was reported in the Times
newspaper. A farmer called Nigel Pussman was walking across a
field when he suddenly saw a big, black cat run across the grass
and jump over a wall. “I was petrified,” he claimed.
Since then there have been many more sightings. One of the more
recent sightings was in 1988 when Pauline Purrer was walking in
the hills. After a couple of hours, she stopped for a rest and sat
down on a rock, putting her bag on the ground. Just then, the bag
shot up into the air. Here’s Pauline to explain what happened:
“I suddenly saw this large black animal that looked like a cat
appear in front of me. Luckily it ran off, but for a second I thought
it was going to eat me. It had horrible yellow eyes and a very long
tail. It looked like a puma to me, but the shape of the head was
different, it was sort of bigger and more square-shaped. I hope I
never see it again.”
Hidden Cats
So far no one has captured any of these cats, but there are lots
of photos. One of the most famous photos is of a large black cat
sitting in a tree. Unfortunately, many of the rest of the photos are
too blurred to be conclusive. Perhaps the best piece of evidence
was a video, which was shot in 1987. The film lasts about threeand-a-half minutes and shows a large black cat walking slowly
across an open field. Later, the cat can be seen carrying a freshlykilled rabbit.
In 1989 a television presenter tried to trap one of the cats. He set
up some sophisticated monitoring equipment on one of the farms
where sheep had been killed. That very night another sheep was
attacked, but unfortunately the presenter had fallen asleep and
was unable to do anything. He later said:
Cats & Sheep
Many farmers claim that these cats have been killing their sheep.
In 1982, three sheep were found dead at a farm in the village of
Little Weighton. One week later two more were killed. In 1987 a
farmer discovered four of his sheep had been killed. The ground
was wet and there were numerous paw-prints. These were later
analysed by experts who said that they were from “a large cat”.
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BIG CATS IN BRITAIN
“That poor sheep! If only she could speak, she could tell us what
she saw.”
Cats In Zoos
So what are these Alien Big Cats? There are a number of theories.
Some say they could be lions, pumas, panthers or leopards that
have escaped from private zoos. For centuries, rich British people
have been collecting wild animals; and until recently you could
even buy them in Harrods. And sometimes, these animals manage
to get out of their cages. In the early 1500s an escaped panther
was shot in the West Midlands. In the 18th century four lions
from a private zoo escaped and caused panic in a town in west
Yorkshire. In 1903 an escaped puma was trapped in Surrey; and in
1932 an escaped leopard was captured after surviving for more
than nine months in a British forest.
Things got particularly bad in the late 1970s. A new law was
passed in 1976 called the “Dangerous Wild Animals Act”. This
made it illegal to keep a big cat without a licence. These licences
were very expensive so many people just dumped their pets
outside.
Fake Cats
Other people claim that these Alien Big Cats are just over-sized
ordinary cats. In 1973 there was a report of a “lion” near a rail
track. The police were sent to investigate, and they discovered
that it was just a normal cat. And some of photos that have been
GLOSSARY FOR CARTOON
I can’t stand exp
I hate
what a pain exp
how annoying, how irritating
the hell exp offens
this expression is used to show you are
angry
get lost! exp inform
go away!
gonna exp inform
going to
to puke vb inform
to vomit
to mess about phr vb
to act in a silly way
a moment’s peace n
a few minutes of calm and quiet
I’ll show them exp
we often use this as a way of
expressing anger, and if we are about
to demonstrate something to someone
an optician n
a doctor who looks at your eyes
there’s no way exp
we use this expression to say that we
will never, ever do something
printed in newspapers have turned out to be fakes. In 1987
the Daily Recorder published a photo of a “Big Cat” sitting on a
fence. Later on, the person who took the photo admitted it was
just a photo of his pet cat, John.
Cats In Forests
Some historians say that the large cats were brought to Britain in
the 18th century. At that time, sailors often kept large wild cats
on their ships in order to kill rats. Some of these cats may have
jumped ship in Britain.
And others think the cats could be examples of the British native
wild cat Felis Sylvestris Grampia. This cat supposedly became
extinct in prehistoric times. But some experts believe that some
of these cats may have survived and are hiding in forests.
So far, no one can be sure where these cats came from, or if
they even exist. But just for now, we advise you to be extremely
careful; and the next time you find yourself in the British
countryside and you see an unusually large cat watching you, run!
GLOSSARY
a tornado n
violent weather with really strong wind
a flood n
if there is a “flood”, it rains a lot and
there is water in the street
a sighting n
if there is a “sighting” of an animal,
someone sees that animal
to shoot up phr vb
to increase rapidly
a paw-print n
a mark in the ground from an animal’s
paw (foot)
blurred adj
not clear, not in focus
to shoot vb
to make a film
freshly-killed adj
killed recently
to trap vb
to catch
to set up phr vb
if you “set up” equipment, you put
the equipment in place and connect it
together
monitoring equipment n electronic
devices to detect animals, things,
movement, etc
a cage n
a little room with metal bars for
keeping animals
to survive vb
if a person “survives” in a dangerous
situation, they do not die
to dump vb
to put something in a place using no
care or attention
over-sized adj
bigger than normal
to turn out phr vb
if something “turns out” a particular
way, it is that way in the end
a fake n
not real, false
a fence n
a barrier between two areas of land
a sailor n
a person who works on a ship
to jump ship exp
to leave a ship without permission
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(GLOSSARY ON PREVIOUS PAGE)
(glossary on previous page) Illustration by Jorge Tarruella
BIG CATS IN BRITAIN CARTOON
Weird World Cartoon
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True stories from around the world that are hard to believe!
STRANGE BUT TRUE
AUDIO
e
u
r
T
T
U
B
Strange
Up In Smoke
All about a lawyer, a cigar and a prison sentence
A 39-year-old lawyer, Sean Fumes, thought he was really clever… until he ended up in prison.
Here he is to tell us what happened:
Where is my brain?
“I’m a lawyer working in Dubrani, Tennessee, and just recently I
thought I’d invented a great way to make money. A few weeks ago,
a friend who works in an import-export company got a shipment
of very rare and very expensive cigars. He offered a few boxes to
me at a very low price and I bought four of them with six cigars in
each box. I’m a great lover of the finer things in life and these
cigars were just what I had always dreamt of. And being a careful
man, I also insured them against fire and theft.”
Where are my cigars?
“About a month afterwards, I had smoked all the cigars; and it was
at this point that I had my “great idea”. Firstly, I filed a claim
against the insurance company for the loss of my cigars. In my
claim, I said that the cigars were lost ‘in a series of small fires’,
which is true - even though it was me who started the ‘small fires’.
Of course, at first the insurance company refused to pay me. They
cited the obvious reason that it was me who had burnt the cigars.
But I knew that was what they would say, so I went ahead with
the next part of my plan: to sue the insurance company.”
Where is my money?
“The trial started well, and in the end the insurance company lost,
and I won. The judge who delivered the ruling agreed that the
claim was ‘frivolous’. However, he also conceded that the policy from
the company warranted that the cigars were insured against fire. At
first I couldn’t believe that I’d won, but when they handed me the
cheque for $55,000 I realised what a genius I was… or was I?”
Where is the jail?
company. They had reported me to the police, and I was arrested
on 24 counts of arson - one count for each of the cigars that I
had smoked.
I was eventually convicted of ‘intentionally burning my insured
property’, and I was sentenced to 24 months in jail and a $76,000
fine. So, in the end it didn’t work out as well as I had planned, so
I wouldn’t recommend this scam to anyone else.”
Mr Fumes is currently serving his prison sentence.
GLOSSARY
to end up phr vb
if you “end up” somewhere, you go to
that place even-tually
a shipment n
goods and objects that are sent to you
by boat, plane or train
the finer things in life n good
quality food and drink
to insure something against fire and
theft exp
to pay a small amount
of mo-ney to an insurance company to
protect an object. If that object burns
or is stolen, the company will pay you
enough money to buy another similar
object
to file a claim exp
to tell the insurance company that you
have lost something, and to demand
money
to refuse vb
if you “refuse” to do some-thing, you
don’t do that thing
to cite vb
to mention
to go ahead with something exp
to continue doing something
to sue vb
to start a legal process against
“Just three days later I received a letter from the insurance
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someone
a judge n
a person who controls a legal process
and who decides who is innocent or
guilty
to deliver a ruling exp
the judge does this at the end of the
trial when he or she gives their opinion
and decides who is innocent or guilty
the policy n
the legal document that explains the
insurance terms and conditions
to warrant vb
to guarantee, to promise
to hand vb
to give
a count n
a charge that is brought against you in
a court of law
arson n
the crime of illegally burning things
a fine n
money you must pay for committing a
crime
to work out phr vb
to happen, to finish
a scam n
a trick in order to get money
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Authentic conversations by native American speakers
AUDIO
US BAR CHAT
t
a
h
c
r
a
b
S
U
KISSING IN PUBLIC
This month we are going to listen to two young Americans, Carrie
and John, talking about kissing in public (otherwise known as PDA:
Public Display of Affection). Listen to the conversation and answer
these two questions:
1. One of the speakers doesn’t like people kissing in public. Why?
2. Who do they see kissing in the park?
Roger:
Kelly:
Roger:
Kelly:
Roger:
Kelly:
Roger:
Kelly:
Roger:
Kelly:
Roger:
Kelly:
Roger:
So, what do you think of PDA?
What’s PDA?
Public Display of Affection.
Oh, you mean when people are groping each other all the
time, ugh, disgusting.
What, you don’t think that’s lovely?
No, I think it’s gross and immature. I mean if I want to
sit and swap spit I’d do it in my own home, instead of in
public.
Swap spit, hey, that’s funny. [laughs] I think it’s lovely and
I think it shows people’s affection toward one another.
Yeah, but I see the same guy giving his affection to all
these different women, he’s just trying to cop a feel.
Maybe he’s just a player.
Maybe he’s a player, but it just makes me want to gag.
Well, I think, I think it’s sweet, especially a nice afternoon
at the park on a little bench, a little romance, a little
kissing.
Uh, it’s a little disgusting. OK, I’m fine with a little kissing
and maybe holding hands, but when they start grabbing
each other’s butts and other parts, please, get a room!
I’m all for grabbing butts.
Kelly: You would be.
Roger: I am.
Kelly: Right, well OK, check this couple out right here in this
bar, I mean, they’re cute and all, but, I mean, come on!
Roger: They look like they’re so in love.
Kelly: Right, in love, uh huh, well wait they just, I mean, look at
them, they just keep going at it.
But, isn’t that your mom? And who’s that guy? He’s not
your dad, is he?
Roger: Mom?
GLOSSARY
to grope vb
to touch someone in a sexual way
disgusting adj
horrible, revolting
gross adj inform
not nice, disgusting
immature adj
like a child
I mean exp
this expression is used to change the
course of the conversation
to swap spit exp inform
to kiss. Literally, if you “swap”
something with someone, you give that
person something, and they give you
another thing in exchange; and “spit” is
the liquid that comes out of your mouth
to cop a feel exp inform
to touch someone in a sexual way
a player n inform
in this context, a gigolo
to gag vb
to almost vomit
a bench n
a long chair in a park where you can sit
I’m fine with… exp
I agree with; I can accept
to grab vb
to suddenly take something in your
hands
a butt n US offens
the part of your body that you sit on
get a room! exp
this expression means: find a room so
you can kiss
I’m all for exp
I really like; I agree with
check this… out exp
look at this
a couple n
two people in a relationship
cute adj
nice and attractive
come on! exp
people use this expression when they
are angry about something, or they don’t
agree with something
to go at it exp
kissing, etc
mom n inform
mother
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AUDIO
Here we’ve got some examples of how to say things in different situations.
>
Situation
Formal
Relaxed
Informal
A friend told the police
that you were doing
something illegal:
My friend informed the
police
My friend went to the
police
My friend grassed me up;
my friend snitched on
me; my friend ratted on
me; my friend ratted me
out (US)
Your old car has stopped
working:
My car has ceased
functioning
My car has broken down
My car has conked out;
my car has given up the
ghost
You are playing roulette
in a casino and you keep
winning:
I am having a lot of luck
Things are going well
I’m on a roll
A friend really wants to
invest in your company:
She is desperate to
invest
She’s up for investing
She is gagging for it
A friend does nothing,
has no job and spends
his time in front of the
television:
He has no sense of
organisation
He’s lazy
He’s a waster; he’s a
loser
Your friend is boring
and never does anything
interesting. You tell her
to do something:
Get up and engage in
some more stimulating
activities!
Get up and do something
interesting!
Get a life!; sort
yourself out!
You tell your friend a
secret, which must be
kept a secret:
This is top secret
Keep your mouth shut
about this; this is just
between you and me
Keep stumm; keep mum
Please note that the words in this glossary box are literal translations of parts of idiomatic expressions.
GLOSSARY
to gag vb
to almost vomit
to waste vb
if you “waste” something, you
use more of that thing than you
really need
to lose vb
not to win
to sort out phr vb
to find a solution to a problem
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DICTIONARY OF SLANG
Dictionary of slang
AUDIO
IN THE NEWS
In The News...
Phone Call
A journalist was secretly
trying to take photos of Paul
McCartney and his wife when
his mobile phone went off.
The reporter had managed
to crawl through a bush
and evade security guards.
However, just as he was about
to start shooting his phone
started ringing. Security
guards hauled out the
unfortunate reporter.
The Naming Game
Naming children after popular
products or places is quite new, and
very popular. Just recently there
have been cases of children being
called “Seven Up”, “Times Square”
and “Mickey Mouse”. However,
Michael Quirkland, a historical
researcher, made a remarkable
discovery: a 14th century British
family named their daughter “Diet
Coke”. But how is this possible
when “Diet Coke” is a relatively new
product? Well, apparently, the name
“Diet” comes from the Greek [name]
Dionisia; and the surname “Coke” is
a variation on the name Cook. Well
I never!
Article Of Faith
A woman was arrested last month after trying
to use a fake $1 million dollar bill. Police later
searched her and found two more of the bills in
her purse.
“The bill looks real, but of course there’s nothing
genuine about it,” a police officer told journalists.
“People do crazy things all the time. I think it’s just
another example of some odd things that occur.”
A clerk at a store, Jennifer Sharpeye, immediately
noticed the bill was fake:
“I can’t believe that woman thought she could get
away with this. I mean, everyone knows that the
Treasury doesn’t make $1-million-dollar bills - it
would be crazy,”
The woman had tried to use the bill to pay for
goods with a value of just $2.32.
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GLOSSARY
to go off phr vb
if your phone “goes off”, it starts
to ring
to crawl through phr vb
to move through a place with your
body on the ground
a bush n
a small tree
to evade vb
if you “evade” a guard, you move
past the guard without the guard
seeing you
to shoot vb
to take photos
to haul out phr vb
to take someone in your hands and
pull them out of a place
well I never exp
an expression you can use when
you hear something incredible and
unbelievable
fake adj
not real
a bill n
a piece of paper money
to search vb
if the police “search” you, they
look for things in your clothes and
pockets
a purse n US
a bag that women use to carry their
things with them
a clerk n
a person who works in a shop or an
office
a store n US
a shop
to get away with some-thing exp
if you do something bad and “get
away with it”, you escape the
consequences of your bad action
The verb “call” can be used in many different ways. One common use is related to the telephone, and
if you “call” someone, you telephone that person. For example: “I called you last night”, which is the
same as, “I telephoned you last night”. Now let’s see some phrasal verbs with the verb “call”.
Call at (a train)
Call away
If a train “calls at” a station, it stops there:
If you are “called away”, someone asks you to leave a
place in order to do something else:
This train calls at Brighton,
Shipton, Wolton, Bington,
Badton, Samton, Parton...
Dinnertime!
Come and get it!
Sorry, but I’ve been
called away on
urgent business.
Oh God, this is the slow
train. We’re never going to
get to the wedding on time.
I told you to get up earlier.
Call off
Call by
To cancel or suspend
an event:
To visit someone
at their home,
usually without
an invitation:
Sorry but the concert has
been called off. The lead
singer is sick.
“I just thought
I would call by.
I haven’t come
at a bad time,
have I?”
Called off! But I drove 300
kilometres to see them play.
Call for (a celebration)
Call for (telephone)
If a situation “calls for” a celebration, you
think you should celebrate that situation:
If you “call for” someone, you telephone them and ask
them to come - usually a doctor, plumber, electrician, etc:
Hey, dad, I killed my
first beast today.
I think we
should call for
a professional
plumber.
V.C.
Well done, son.
This calls for a
celebration
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PHRASALVERBS
PHRASALVERBS CALL
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Directors
Managing Director
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ANSWERS
Answers & scripts
A TOUR OF HARRODS
1 PRE-LISTENING
we’ve got Madison who’s going to
tell us all about Macy’s.
1. a butcher’s; 2. an ironmonger’s; Madison: Hi, John. Well, one of
3. a newsagent; 4. an estate agent; the most famous department
stores in New York City is Macy’s.
5. a department store;
There are over 850 Macy’s stores
6. a greengroce’s
all over the United States but
Video script
the flagship store is in Herald
Welcome back as we take you
Square, Manhattan – just around
on a tour now of the world’s
the corner from the Empire State
most famous department store,
Building. Interestingly, Rowland
Harrods. Of course, no visit to
Macy, the company founder,
London is complete without a
opened his first shops in the
walk through the store that’s
moto is, “All things for all people town of Haverhill, Massachusetts,
between 1843 and 1855, but they
everywhere.” On busy days, it
weren’t successful. However,
attracts 300,000 shoppers, and
employs more than 5,000 people Macy learned from his mistakes,
and in 1858 he moved to New
from over 50 countries. So,
York. He opened his first New
let’s go shopping! Here’s David
York store on 18th October
Eccleston.
1858 and was immediately
Doorman: “Good morning, sir.
successful. The Herald Square
Welcome to Harrods.”
store was opened in 1902.
Woman: “If you leave London
without a Harrods bag, then you’ve Macy’s is especially famous for
its Thanksgiving Day Parade,
failed really as a tourist.”
which marks the beginning of the
“You do notice the people that
haven’t been here before because Christmas season.
John: That’s great, Madison.
they sort of walk around in awe.”
Thanks a lot.
If there was an Olympics for
department stores, you’re looking
DR FINGERS’ PRONUNCIATION
at the unbackable favourite for
gold. When people visit London,
1. She told a lie =
the top tourist attractions in order
she tol da lie.
are Buckingham Palace, Big Ben
2. He drove across it =
and here, Harrods, the most
he dro v(e)a cro ssit.
famous department store on Earth. 3. They saw it =
We have everything here, from
they sa wit.
something for £4.95, up to £4
4. We found a big one =
million pounds. The brief is
we foun da big one.
simple: the more extraordinary,
5. She lost it =
exquisite and excessive the better.
she los tit.
From fine Pharaoh’s chocolates
6. They shot a dozen =
to champagne even their own
they sho ta dozen.
signature beer. Seven floors of
7. We sold it for ten pounds =
adult retail indulgence, and the
we sol dit for ten pounds.
world’s most exclusive designer
8. She wrote a book =
brands. Mark Briggs is in charge
she wro ta book.
of the Harrods image. “The
9. They broke a car =
whole thing that we actually do
they bro k(e)a car.
at Harrods here is to make sure
10.He wore a dress =
that someone can come in to
he wo r(e)a dress.
shop and buy something and get
a souvenir of their visit to the
STORY TIME
store. But also we will actually get
1. The man wanted to go to the
you anything you want from an
town of Prato, in Italy.
elephant to a helicopter.”
Reporter: “And you really have had 2. He paid the ticket inspector ten
thousand lire to wake him up
a request for an elephant?”
when they reached Prato.
Mark: “We have indeed!”
3. The punch-line is that the ticket
inspector woke up the wrong
ONE OF AMERICA’S MOST
person and threw that person
FAMOUS SHOPS
off the train at Prato, and not the
LISTENING II
man who paid the money.
1. 850; 2. the Empire State
Building; 3. between 1843 and
15 JOKES TO INCREASE YOUR
1855; 4. 1902;
PRONUNCIATION:
1ID 2T 3D 4ID 5D 6D 7T
Audio
John: And live from New York City,
VOCABULARY!
1 JOKE COMPLETION
1. smells; 2. funny; 3. hoarse;
4. Labracadabrador; 5. head;
6. cool; 7. months
COMPANY CLASSES
2
GAP FILL
1. changing; 2. follow; 3. draw;
4. messages; 5. batroom;
6. light; 7. space; 8. surprise
BUSINESS TALK
BOOKING A HOTEL
CONFERENCE ROOM
1. Sam wants to book the
conference centre and 12 rooms.
2. He probably doesn’t want to stay
at the hotel because the hotel is
noisy, it’s far from the beach and
there are no en-suite bathrooms.
Exercise:
1. available; 2. for; 3. about;
4. to; 5. down; 6. back
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WORDSEARCH
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Vanesa Carosia design
Patrick Dempster writer
Steve Brown writer
Christine Saunders writer
Louisa Staines writer
Contributors
MATCHING
A7 B6 C11 D10 E3 F5 G9
H1 I12 J4 K13 L14 M8 N2
BUSINESS DIALOGUES
THE STAFF REVIEW
1. Jack can’t remember the
questions or the options.
2. Mr Stevens has to keep
repeating the questions and
the options.
Exercise:
1. through; 2. on; 3. about;
4. on; 5. across
US BAR CHAT
1. Kelly says that she thinks it’s
gross and immature;
2. They see Roger’s mum with a
man who isn’t his dad.
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Magnus Jones proof reading
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Printing
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Audio Production
HEP
ISSN 1577-7898
Depósito Legal M.14277.2001
October 2022
Published by Hot English Publishing, S.L.
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