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R(3/9 45#(749, = *4#947%4@ 9(B/)*#(6/ *(30" >4--"#0/=("*)& >4)*4&%%4" 7(#&-%4" -(=6"%/", >#/9"#%4 #(=%4" -(=6"%/? = 2#(=%/*"6+%49 #"7"#=2(#". .( %">#"#<=%4" =4)>46%"%/" '"#"7 3#(% 9(:/%/)*( 2*"'"3 =47-2$( /7 9(B/)*#(6/ #()$4-2"*)& >#/9"#%4 70 % >4-(=("94B4 349>#"))4#(9/ 643494*/=( )0(*4B4 =47-2$(. 9 Устройство и работа крана машиниста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Устройство и работа крана машиниста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Устройство и работа крана машиниста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O<)*#(& #(7#&-3( 8#4>2)3 = 2#(=%/*"6+%4B4 7(>#"))4=32 =*263/ ) ,9"%/*+ =*2632 / >#43(6/5#4=(*+ 4*="#)*/" #"7"#=2(#( 4*="#)*/"9 ∅1,6 99 2 3#(%4= 9(:/%/)*( EE 394 / 395 .">#"#<=%<@ 8#4>2)3 36(>(%( 8#/*"#"*+ 36(>(% >#4>2)3 =47-2$( = 4*="#)*/" 9"0-2 8#4="#/*+ >#/6"B(%/" 9(%0"*<, #()>#(=/*+ "" / 4*#4)*3(9/ 3#(%4= 8#4>2)3 9(%0"*< )9(7(*+ >#/ II, III / IV >4640"%/&$ 8#4>2)3 >4 8#4>2)3 9(%0"*< %( ,9"%/*+ 9(%0"*2 )*"#0%? 7464*%/3( )*"#0%" ."* >4=<:"%%4B4 -(=6"%/& = *4#947%4@ J()4#"%/" 3(%(6( 9(B/)*#(6/ >4)6" >4- >4#:"%+ 8#4'/)*/*+ 3(%(6 %(>46%"%/& #"-23*4#( #"7"#=2(#( =#"9"%/ .">#"#<=%<@ >#4>2)3 =47-2$( = !<-(=/64 >#436(-32 (*94)G"#2 =4 =)"$ 9"0-2 34#>2)49 / ,9"%/*+ >#436(-32 >4640"%/&$ #2'3/ >#49"02*4'%4@ 3#(%4= 9(:/%/)*( '()*+? EE 394, 395 T"-6"%%4" J()4#"%/" 4*="#)*/& %(>46%"%/" >#49"02*4'%4@ 8#43(6/5#4=(*+ 4*="#)*/" #"7"#=2(#( '()*/ ∅2,0 99 =#"9"%/ 8#/ II >4640"%// J()4#"%/" 4*="#)*/& 8#43(6/5#4=(*+ 4*="#)*/" #2'3/ 3#(%( %" ∅0,7 99 = 7464*%/3" >#4/)$4-/* /6/ J()4#"%/" 4*="#)*/& %"-4)*(*4'%<9 ∅0,45 99 8#43(6/5#4=(*+ 4*="#)*/" *"9>49 >#4/)$4-/* )*(5/6/7(*4#( >"#"$4- ) 7(=<:"%%4B4 -(=6"%/& = 9(B/)*#(6+ %( %4#9(6+%4" J()4#"%/" 4*="#)*/& ∅1,5 99 = -/(G#(B9" 8#43(6/5#4=(*+ 4*="#)*/" U*"'3( = )4"-/%"%/&$ U)*#(%/*+ 2*"'3/ O<)*#<@ >"#"$4- ) #"7"#=2(#( =#"9"%/ >4=<:"%%4B4 8#4>2)3 9(%0"*< ,9"%/*+ 9(%0"*2 >4#:%& -(=6"%/& = >4#:%& #"-23*4#( 9(B/)*#(6/ %( U="6/'"%4 4*="#)*/" %4#9(6+%4" J(>#"))4=(*+ 7(B62:32 ) 3(6/5#4=34@ 4*="#)*/& = )*(5/6/7(*4#" >6/*< ∅0,45 99 ∅0,45 99 17 Устройство и работа крана машиниста 4&(*5,$%'-*+(, 5,-<%#&'(< ( :&,-<+'$< 5,(=('$ G#< B*+,$'&'(< '&(*5,$%'-*+&. 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