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Küçük Stajlar - Sihirli Dokunuşlar - 2022

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Küçük Stajlar
TASARIM: HÜSEYİN KUL
2022 - 11. Dönem
Uz. Dr. Fatih KARAGÜZEL
r
e
l
i
k
e
İçind
Üroloji
3
Çocuk
Cerrahisi
52
Göz Hastalıkları
65
Radyoloji
71
Halk Sağlığı
77
Göğüs ve Kalp Damar Cerrahisi
82
Ortopedi
22
Kulak, Burun,
Boğaz
34
Dermatoloji
99
Psikiyatri
114
Nöroloji
124
Nöroşirurji
148
Küçük Stajlar | 1. Üroloji
Üroloji
03
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
1. Ü趕¶ƒ
Ĕɭơʋơɭ7ʠɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠࢎ‘ȶŹɭŔ%ʠȍnjʠɽʠ࢏
Anomaliler
FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥŹɃŹɭơȇŔȥȶȟŔȍǫɽǫƂ Füzyon
anomalisi
FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥŹɃŹɭơȇljʧ˖ˊȶȥŔȥȶȟŔȍǫɽǫƂ ʋȥŔȍǬ
ŹɃŹɭơȇࢎFɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔƎǬɭࡲþŔȥǬɽǬȥƎŔơȥ
ˊŔɭŔɭȍǬʋơȇʋǫȇzĪáࢫƎǫɭ࡫ơȥɽǬȇŔȍʋʠƇʋŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ࢏
FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥŹɃŹɭơȇȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥʠŔȥȶȟŔȍǫɽǫƂ
èơȥŔȍơȇʋȶɢǫࢎáơȍʽǫȇŹɃŹɭơȇ࢏
FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥȇȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍʧɭơʋơɭŔȥȶȟŔȍǫɽǫƂ
ĔɭơʋơɭƎʠɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠࢎþŔȥǬzĪáǫȍơȇȶȥʠȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ࢏
ࡧĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥȍŔɭƎŔʽơŹơŹơȇȍơɭƎơnjɃɭʧȍơȥʧɭǫȥơɭ
ɽǫɽʋơȟƎơơȥɽǬȇȶŹɽʋɭʠȇʋǫljʧɭơʋɭŔȍȍơ˖ˊȶȥ
ࡧáȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭʠɭơʋɭŔȍvalv (Sadece erkeklerde ve
distal prostatik uretrada görülür.) ‘ơɽǫȇȇơɽǫȇ࡫
ƎŔȟȍŔȟŔʋŔɭ˖ǬǫʂơȟơˊŔɢŔɭࡲ Bilateral hidronefroza
ȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲþŔȥǫʽȶǫƎǫȥnjɽǫɽʋȶʠɭơʋɭȶnjɭŔljǫǫȍơ
ȇȶȥʠȍʠɭࡲ
• Üriner ɽǫɽʋơȟŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭǫˊȍơŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơɽǬȇ
ɭŔɽʋȍŔȥǬȍŔȥŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧƒȥȟơȟǫʂʋơɽʋǫɽʽơǫȥnjʠǫȥŔȍǠơɭȥǫࡲ
VCUG
áȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭčɭơʋɭŔȍĪŔȍʽ
4
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ĔɭȶnjơȥǫʋŔȍȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥŔƎơʋŔȥȶȟŔȍǫɽǫ
ࡧþơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬŔnjơȥơʋǫȇŹɃŹɭơȇ(Genelde
asemptomik)
ࡧĔɭǫȥơɭɽǫɽʋơȟŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭǫơȥɽǬȇơʂȍǫȇơƎơȥ
sisʋơȟǫȇŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ
ࡧȥȶnjơȥǫʋŔȍȟŔȍljȶɭȟŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ࢦqǫɢȶɽɢŔƎǫŔɽ
ࡧĔɭơʋɭŔȍˊȶȍȍŔǫȍnjǫȍǫơȥɽǬȇŔȥȶȟŔȍǫ
• eȍŔȥʠȍơɭʽơˊŔȇȶɭȶȥŔȍ
ࡧáɭơȥŔʋŔȍčòe
ࡧáơˊnjŔȟŹơɭɽʧȥȥơʋȍǫƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭ
ࡧƒȥȟơȟǫʂʋơɽʋǫɽǫȍǫʂȇǫɽǫ
oǨɝȲɷȲŔƌǨŔɷ/ƟɻǨʄȊƟɧǨ
ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇȍʠȇƇŔǐǬȥƎŔȇǫǠǫƎɭȶȥơljɭȶ˖ʠȥơȥɽǬȇɽơŹơŹǫ
ʧɭơʋơɭȶɢơȍʽǫȇƎŔɭȍǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
ࢦFɢǫɽɢŔƎǫŔɽࡪ
ࡧFɢǫɽɢŔƎǫŔɽơȥɽǬȇơȇɽʋɭȶljǫŔ
ʽơ˖ǫȇŔˊŔơʂȍǫȇơƎơɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ȶȟɢȍơʋơɢǫɽɢŔƎǫŔɽȍǬȍŔɭȇŔȍǬƃǬ
ǫȥljơɭʋǫȍŔȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧčɭŔȇʠɽȇŔȍǬȥʋǬɽǬȥƎŔȥȟơɽŔȥơŔƎơȥȶȇŔȥɽơɭ
njơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
‘ȶȟɢȍơʋFɢǫɽɢŔƎǫŔɽ
ࢦ¡ơɽŔȥơŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭǫࡪ
ࡧFȇɽʋɭȶljǫʽơɽǫȇŔࡪ
ȟơɽŔȥơȥǫȥȇŔɭǬȥɃȥ
ƎʠʽŔɭǬȥŔŔƇǬȍȟŔɽǬࡲ
Hemen daima
epispadiasla birliklte
ࡧ‘ŔȍǬƃǬʠɭŔȇʠɽࡪ ʠɭŔȇʠɽ
kistinden adena ca
njơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
DȄɷʄɧȲLJǨŔʶƟˏǨȄŔȊǩǝŔɷʄŔȊŔɧȜʠȜȄʠȢȲȊŔȢ
ƟȢȄǩɷŔɷʠɧƟƌƟŔȜƟȊǨ˃ŔʄƟƌǨȊȜƟȊǨƌǨɧ࡯
‘ȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍþơɽʋǫɽȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭǫ
‘ɭǫɢʋȶȶɭʂǫƎǫ˖ȟࢎeơɭƇơȇǫȥȟơȟǫʂʋơɽʋǫɽ࢏ࡪ
þơɽʋǫɽȍơɭǫȥɽȇɭȶʋʠȟŔȇȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍȶȍŔɭŔȇǫȥȟơƎǫǐǫ
ʽơˊŔǫȥǫʂˊȶȍʠʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơŹǫɭˊơɭƎơŔɽǬȍǬȇŔȍȟŔɽǬ
ƎʠɭʠȟʠȥŔƎơȥǫɭࡲ
5
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࡧþŔȥǬɽǬȥƎŔǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠčòeࢫƎǫɭࡲ‘ơɽǫȥʋŔȥǬ¡èǫȍơ
ȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
ࡧþơɽʋǫɽǫǫȥƎǫɭȟơƎơǠȶɭȟȶȥŔȍʋơƎŔʽǫƎơࢎq-eʽơˊŔ
e¥èq࢏ŹŔʂŔɭǬȶȍŔɭŔȥǬहࠄगहࠁ߿ƃǫʽŔɭǬȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ-ơɭɭŔǠǫʋơƎŔʽǫʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲࢎ¶ɭʂǫȶɢơȇɽǫ࢏
ƒȥȟơȟǫʂþơɽʋǫɽèǫɽȇbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫ
ࡧáɭơȟŔʋʠɭǫʋơ
ࡧ7ʧʂʧȇƎȶǐʠȟŔǐǬɭȍǬǐǬ
• ƒȥʋɭŔʠʋơɭǫȥnjơȍǫʂȟơnjơɭǫȍǫǐǫ
ࡧáȍŔɽơȥʋŔȍʽơȟŔʋơɭȥŔȍljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭ
ࡧ1ơʽɭơɽơȍljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭ
• Gestayonel diyabet
ࡧòǫnjŔɭŔ
Fȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥ
ƒƎɭŔɭˊȶȍʠơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࢦ¥Ŕ˖ȶȇȶȟǫˊŔȍơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǫƇǫȥƎơࠀࡲɽǬɭŔƎǬɭࡲ
› Bakteriüri kriterleri
ࡪêƟȜɝʄȲȜŔʄǨȄȄŔƌǩȢƌŔࠃࠂঈࠄƂLJʙȄȲȊǨLJȲɧȜŸŔȄʄƟɧǨ
ʶƟ˃ŔࠃࠂঈࠇƂLJʙȢȲȢ-ȄȲȊǨLJȲɧȜŸŔȄʄƟɧǨࡲ
ࡪêƟȜɝʄȲȜŔʄǨȄƟɧȄƟȄʄƟࠃࠂঈࠅƂLJʙŸŔȄʄƟɧǨࡲ
ࡪɷƟȜʄȲȜŔʄǨȄǝŔɷʄŔƌŔǨȄǨɷɝƟɷȜƟȢƌƟࠃࠂঈࠇƂLJʙ
ŸŔȄʄƟɧǨࡲ
ࡪêʙɝɧŔɝʙŸǨȄȄŔʄƟʄƟɧǨˏŔɷ˃ȲȢȊŔŔȊǩȢŔȢǝŔɷʄŔƌŔ
üreme.
ࡪċɧǨȢƟɧȄŔʄƟʄƟɧǨȲȊŔȢǝŔɷʄŔƌŔࠃࠂঈࠄƂLJʙŸŔȄʄƟɧǨࡲ
1. ƒȥȟơȟǫʂʋơɽʋǫɽȍơɭƎơǠǫɽʋȶȍȶǿǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇƎȶȇʠ
ŹʧʋʧȥȍʧǐʧȥʧȥŹȶ˖ʠȍȟŔɽǬʽơǠʧƃɭơǠŔɽŔɭǬࠀࡲˊǬȍƎŔȥ
ǫʋǫŹŔɭơȥŹŔʂȍŔɭࡲ
2. ƒȥȟơȟǫʂʋơɽʋǫɽȍơɭʋơƎŔʽǫơƎilmedikleri takdirde
5-ࠅˊŔʂǬȥƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔȟʠʋȍŔȇŔǫȥljơɭʋǫȍǠŔȍơ
njơȍơŹǫȍǫɭȍơɭࡲ
• þơƎŔʽǫȍơɭơɭŔǐȟơȥǫȥljơɭʋǫȍȇŔȍŔȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇ
FɢǫɽɢŔƎǫŔɽࢫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫơƎǫȍǫɭɽơǫȥljơɭʋǫȍǫʋơɽǫƎʧ˖ơȍơȥȇŔȍǬʋɽŔȍ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇǫȥȟơȟǫʂʋơɽʋǫɽࢫƎǫɭࡲ
ࢦáǫˊʧɭǫࡪ büyük büyütmede Ƃ ࠀ߿ŹơˊŔ˖ȇʧɭơ
¥Ŕ˖ȶȇȶȟǫˊŔȍFȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ࠀ࢏ ƒƎɭŔɭˊȶȍʠơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࠁ࢏ ĵŔɭŔˊơɭǫơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࠂ࢏ qŔɽʋŔȥơȇŔˊȥŔȇȍǬɢȥɃȟȶȥǫȍơɭ
ƒˊơ
ࢦFࡲ-ȶȍǫơȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥࡲ
ࢦqŔɽʋŔȥơȇŔˊȥŔȇȍǬƒˊơơȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥFࡲ-ȶȍǫ
ࢦƒˊơơȥƇȶȇŔɽơȥƎŔȥˊȶȍȍŔȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧáɭơƎǫɽɢȶ˖ŔȥljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭࡲ
- ĵŔʂȍǬȍǬȇ
- 7¡
- þŔʂǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
- ¶Źɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥ
- -ǫȥɽơȍŔȇʋǫʽǫʋơnjơŹơȍǫȇ
- ¥ɃɭȶǿơȥȟơɽŔȥơ
- Īčè
þơƎŔʽǫơƎǫȍȟơˊơȥǫȥȟơȟǫʂʋơɽʋǫɽȍơɭƎơȇŔȥser riski
ˊŔȇȍŔʂǬȇࠂ߿ȇŔʋŔɭʋŔɭࡲFȥƇȶȇŔɭʋŔȥȇŔȥɽơɭɭǫɽȇǫ
ɽơȟǫȥȶȟȍŔɭࢫƎǬɭࡲ
6
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࡧȇʠʋɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋȍǫǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥǫƎɭŔɭŔȥŔȍǫ˖ǫȥƎơ
ȍɃȇȶɽǫʋʽơŹŔȇʋơɭǫȥǫȥnjɃɽʋơɭǫȍȟơɽǫŔȥȍŔȟȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࢦƒȇǫˊŔʂǬȥŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȇǫʋʧȟƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔʽơǠơɭˊŔʂʋŔȇǫ
ơɭȇơȇƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔǫȍȇƒĵFɽȶȥɭŔɽǬŹʧˊʧȇȇǬ˖
ƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔǫȇǫȥƃǫơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔʽȶǫƎǫȥnj
ɽǫɽʋȶʠɭơʋɭȶnjɭŔljǫˊŔɢǬȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧȇʠʋɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋʋŔȥǬɽǬȥƎŔȇʧȍʋʧɭƎơʧɭơȟơ
ɃȥơȟȍǫŹǫɭʋŔȥǬˊɃȥʋơȟǫƎǫɭࡲ%ǫȍnjǫɽŔˊŔɭȍǬ
ʋȶȟȶnjɭŔljǫˊȍơŔȇʠǬʋɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋʋŔȥǬɽǬ
ƎȶǐɭʠȍŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
-èơȥŔȍŔŹɽơơȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥɽʋŔljࡲʠɭơʠɽ
ࡧèơȥŔȍŔŹɽơǫƇǫȥɭǫɽȇljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫǠơȟȶƎǫˊŔȍǫ˖࡫7ȟ࡫
ǫʽǫȍŔƇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬ
ࢦáɭȶɽʋŔʋŔŹɽơɽǫࡪ ƎǫˊŔŹơʋǫȇǠŔɽʋŔƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ࡤȇʠʋŹŔȇʋơɭǫˊơȍɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǫʋȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠƎʠɭʽơ
ơȥɽǬȇʧɭơʋɭŔˊŔŔƇǬȍǬɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ ȟɢǫɽǫȍǫȥऋŔȟǫȥȶnjȍǫȇȶ˖ǫʋȇȶȟŹǫȥŔɽˊȶȥʠ
ʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
èơȥŔȍþɭŔʽȟŔ
ࡧ‘ȶɽʋȶʽơɭʋơɭŹɭŔȍŔƇǬǠŔɽɽŔɽǫˊơʋǫ
ࡧáŔȍɢŔŹȍȇǫʋȍơ
• Alt kostalar üzerinde krepitasyon
ࡧ%ɃȍnjơȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥʠȥŔʠˊŔȥơȇǫȟȶ˖
ĔɭơʋɭǫʋࢎǫɽʋǫɽȥŔ࢏
ࢦFȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥnjȶȥȶȇȶȇࢫʋʠɭࡲ
ࡧ¥ȶȥnjȶȥȶȇȶȇŔȍʧɭơʋɭǫʋȍơɭǫȥơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥǫ
ȇȍŔȟǫƎˊŔŔȍǬɭࡲ
ࠀࡲòȶɭʠ
Non-njȶȥȶȇȶȇȇŔȍʧɭơʋɭǫʋơơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥȶȍŔȥơʋȇơȥ
ŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫƎǫɭࡳ(yandal)
࢏¡ˊƃȶɢȍŔɽȟŔnjơȥǫʋŔȍǫʠȟ
%࢏þɭǫƃǠȶȟȶȥŔɽʽŔnjǫȥŔȍǫɽ
-࢏čɭơŔɢȍŔɽȟŔʠɭơȶŔȍˊʋǫƃʠȟ
7࢏-ǠȍŔȟˊƎǫŔʋɭŔƃǠȶȟŔʋǫɽ
F࢏òǫʋȶȟơnjŔȍȶʽǫɭʠɽ
Akut Pyelonefrit
ࡧĵʧȇɽơȇŔʋơʂ
ࡧĵŔȥŔǐɭǬɽǬ
• Lökosit silendirleri
ࡧFȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥFࡲ-ȶȍǫ
ࡧ‘Īqऋ
• Dizüri
‘ɭȶȥǫȇáˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋ
• Klinik belirsiz
ࡧ%ǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍʋʠʋʠȍʠȟƎŔqǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧȥơȟǫˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
õŔŸȊȲNJƟȢƟȊȊǨȄȊƟ tek ʄŔɧŔLJȊǩƌǩɧࡲ
ࡧ‘ɭȶȥǫȇɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋȍơɭƎơŔȇʠʋɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋʋơȥljŔɭȇȍǬ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥʂǫƎƎơʋǫȥơnjɃɭơŹɃŹɭơȇ
ɢŔɭŔȥȇǫȟǫȥƎơƎơǐǫʂǫȇƎơɭơƃơȍơɭƎơ Ŕʋɭȶljǫ
njɃɽʋơɭǫȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ɭȶȥȶǫȇɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋơŹŔǐȍǬŹɃŹɭơȇȍơɭƎơȶȍʠʂŔȥ
skar en iyi 7¡òɽǫȥʋǫnjɭŔljǫ yönʋơȟǫǫȍơnjɃɽʋơɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ɭȶȥǫȇɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋǫȥɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫɽȥƎơʋǫɭȶǫƎǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡷ ʋǫɭȶƎǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥƎŔȥ ȇŔɽǬʋŹǫɭŹǫɭǫȥơȶȟʠ˖
ʽơɭȟǫʂǠŔljǫljŹǫɭŹǫɭǫȥǫǫʋơȟljȶȍȍǫȇʧȍǠʧƃɭơɽǫȥơ
Źơȥ˖ơɭǠʧƃɭơnjɭʠɢȍŔɭǬȥǬȥŹɃŹɭơȇƎȶȇʠɽʠ
ǫƇơɭǫɽǫȥƎơȇʧȟơȍơȥȟǫʂȶȍȟŔɽǬʽơ
ɽǫʋȶɢȍŔ˖ȟŔȍŔɭǬȥǬȥŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥǠŔȍơnjơȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
7
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
‘ɽŔȥʋȶnjɭŔȥʠȍȶȟŔʋɃ˖ɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋnjơɭơȇȇȍǫȥǫȇ
njơɭơȇɽơɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȇɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫˊȍơɭơȥŔȍƃơȍȍƃŔࢫˊǬ
ʋŔȇȍǫʋơƎơŹǫȍǫɭࡲáŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇŸƟɧɧŔȄǝʠƂɧƟȊǨ
ɧƟȢŔȊƂƟȊȊƂŔࢪȢǩȢ ơȥɽǬȇȇŔɭǬʂʋǬǐǬɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȇƎʠɭʠȟ
ȇɽŔȥʋȶnjɭŔȥʠȍȶȟŔʋɃ˖ɢˊơȍȥơljɭǫʋʋǫɭࡲ
- ‘ɽŔȥʋȶnjɭŔȥʠȍȶȟŔʋɃ˖áˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋƂ Berrak
qʧƃɭơȍǫèơȥŔȍ-ơȍȍ-Ŕ
- ‘ɽŔȥʋȶnjɭŔȥʠȍȶȟŔʋɃ˖‘ȶȍơɽǫɽʋǫʋƂ òŔljɭŔ‘ơɽơɽǫ
‘Ŕɭɽǫȥȶȟʠ
òǫȥʋǫnjɭŔljǫ
ȟljǫ˖ơȟŔʋɃ˖ɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋ
7¡ò– ò‘è
7þá– %ɃŹɭơȇbȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
MAG3 – eȍȶȟơɭʠȍŔɭ%Ŕ˖Ŕȍ¡ơŹɭŔȥbȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥʠ
ࡧȟljǫ˖ơȟŔʋɃ˖ɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋŹʧˊʧȇȇǬɽȟǬƎǫˊabet
ǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍơȥɧƟȢŔȊɝŔɧŔȢȄǨȜʶƟ˃Ŕ
ɝƟɧǨȢƟLJɧǨʄǨȄƌȲȄʙƌŔNJŔˏȊŔȄŔɧŔȄʄƟɧǨˏƟ böbrek
nekrotizan ơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
‘ɽŔȥʋȶnjɭŔȥʠȍȶȟŔʋɃ˖ɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋ
ȇʠʋòǫɽʋǫʋ
ࡧ‘ɽŔȥʋȶnjɭŔȥʠȍŔȟŔʋɃ˖ɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋࠅ߿ˊŔʂƃǫʽŔɭǬ
ɽơȥǫȍɢŔɢʧȍŔɽˊȶȥƎŔnjɃ˖ʧȇơȥˊŔˊnjǬȥŸȾŸɧƟȢ
ɝŔɧŔȢȄǨȜ˃ǩȄǩȜǩ˃ȊŔȄŔɧŔȄʄƟɧǨˏƟ böbrek
ɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧFࡲƃȶȍǫ࡫òࡲɽŔɢǠɭȶɢǠˊʋǫƃʠɽ
ࡧʋơʂŹơȇȍơȥȟơ˖ࡲ
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȥǬȥȇȍǫȥǫǐǫȥƎơƎǫ˖ʧɭǫ࡫ȥȶȇʋʧɭǫ࡫ɢȶȍȍŔȇʧɭǫ࡫Ŕƃǫȍ
ǫƎɭŔɭŔnjǫʋȟơǫɽʋơǐǫ ɽǬȇȶȍŔɭŔȇʋơɽɢǫʋơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
• Köpüksü lipid yüklü histiyositler (ksontoma
ǝʠƂɧƟȊƟɧǨ࢈ȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
- ȇʠʋɽǫɽʋǫʋȟơɽŔȥơƎʠʽŔɭǬȥǬȥȇŔȍǬȥȍŔʂȟŔɽǬˊȍŔ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơȶȍʠɢǠơȟŔʋʧɭǫ࡫ɽʠɢɭŔɢʠŹǫȇŔǐɭǬ
ʂǫȇŔˊơʋȍơɭǫˊȍơȇŔɭʂǬȟǬ˖ŔnjơȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
áƟȢŔȊɝŔɧŔȢȄǨȜǨʄŔȜŔȜƟȢƌƟɷʄɧʠȄʄƟƟʄȜǨɻȄȾʠȄɷʠ
ǝǨɷʄǨ˃ȲɷǨʄȊƟɧƌƟȢȲȊʙɻŔȢȄɷŔȢʄȲNJɧŔȢʠȊȲȜŔʄȾˏȊƟˏ˃ȲȢ
ࢇoॺD࡬˂ࠃࠂࠂ࢈
‘ɽŔȥʋȶnjɭŔȥʠȍȶȟŔʋɃ˖áˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋ
èǫɽȇ bŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫࡪ
ࡧ7¡
ࡧƒƎɭŔɭˊȶȍʠɢŹɽʋɭʠȇɽǫˊȶȥʠ
ࡧƒƎɭŔɭˊȶȍʠʋŔʂȍŔɭǬ
ࡧòơȇɽʧơȍǫȍǫʂȇǫ
ࡧ%ŔˊŔȥȍŔɭƎŔɽǬȇ
ࡧȇʠʋɽǫɽʋǫʋʋŔȥǬɽǬȥƎŔȍŔŹȶɭŔʋʠŔɭࡪ Ú˃ʠɧǨࢇए
ࠃࠂࡸȜȜࠅ), Bakteriüri ࢇऍࠃࠂࠂࡸȜȊ࢈
ࡧȇʠʋɽǫɽʋǫʋǫȥʋơƎŔʽǫɽʧɭơɽǫˊŔȇȍŔʂǬȇࠂnjʧȥƎʧɭࡲ
ࢎ%Ŕ˖ǬƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭƎŔʋơƎŔʽǫɽʧɭơɽǫࠄ-ࠆnjʧȥơ
ʠ˖ŔʋǬȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ࢏
8
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ȇʠʋáɭȶɽʋŔʋǫʋ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫƎơʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍơȥŔǿŔȥȍŔɭƎŔȥǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠ
‘ǫȥȶȍȶȥȍŔɭ ƎŔǠŔɽȶȥɭŔǫɽơþɭǫȟơʋȶɢɭǫȟऋ
ɽʠȍljȶȟơʋŔȇɽŔ˖ȍȶȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
FǐơɭŹơʋŔȍŔȇʋŔȟŔȍɭʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍơƃơȇɽơŹơʂnjʧȥ
ʋơƎŔʽǫʠˊnjʠȍŔȥȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧȇʠʋɽǫɽʋǫʋnjǫŹǫơȥljơȇɽǫˊɃ˖ƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭƎŔ
ǠǫƎɭŔɽˊȶȥʠɽŔǐȍŔƎǬǐǬʋơȟǫ˖ȍơȥȟơƇȶȇɃȥơȟȍǫŹǫɭ
ʋơƎŔʽǫˊɃȥʋơȟǫƎǫɭࡲ
- eơŹơȍǫȇnjǫŹǫŔȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬȥǬȥȇǬɽǬʋȍǬ
ȶȍƎʠǐʠƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭƎŔŔɽơƎŔȥˊȶȍȍŔŹʠȍŔʂǬɭǫɽȇǫȥǫơȥ
aza indirơɭơȇʋơƎŔʽǫǫǠʋǫȟŔȍǫȥǫŔɭʋǬɭŔȥljȶɽljȶȟǫɽǫȥ
NA ʋơƎŔʽǫˊơơȇȍơȥȟơȍǫˊŔƎŔǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥFࡲƃȶlidir.
ࡧȇʠʋɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǫʋȍơɭƎơɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǫ˖ȟɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬ
ʋơɽɢǫʋơƎǫȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡷƎǫ˖ʠɭǫ࡫ɢȶȍȍŔȇʧɭǫ࡫ŔƃǫȍǫƎŔɭơnjǫʋȟơ
ǫǠʋǫˊŔƃǬnjǫŹǫࡲ
ࡧȇʠʋɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǫʋʋŔȥǬɽǬčòeǫȍơȇȶȥʠȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠʋơȇǫȥȶȍȶȥȍŔɭʽơ
ʋɭǫȟơʋȶɢɭǫȟɽʠȍljȶȟơʋŔˉŔ˖ȶȍʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍǫɭȇơȥ
ŔȍʋơɭȥŔʋǫljʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫŔȟɢǫɽǫȍǫȥऋnjơȥʋŔȟǫɽǫȥǫȍơ
ˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
- ȇʠʋɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǫʋȍǫǠŔɽʋŔˊŔɽơɢɽǫɽɭǫɽȇǫȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơ
ɭơȇʋŔȍʋʠʂơɃȥơɭǫȍȟơȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
- eȍȶŹȍŔnjơȍơȥŔȇʠʋɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǫʋȍǫǠŔɽʋŔˊŔɽǫɽʋȶljǫȇɽ
ʋŔȇǬȍǬɭ࡮
èơȥŔȍŔŹɽơȍơɭ
ࡧ%ɃŹɭơȇʋơȶȍʠʂŔȥŔɢɽơȍơɭnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơ
ɭơʋɭȶɢơɭǫʋȶȥƎŔȶȍʠʂȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲèơʋɭȶɢơɭǫʋȶȥơŔȍ
ŔŹɽơȍơɭƎơơȥɽǬȇǫ˖ȶȍơơƎǫȍơȥŔǿŔȥòࡲŔʠɭơʠɽʋʠɭࡲ
• AɢɽơljȶɭȟŔɽˊȶȥʠȥƎŔɢơɭǫɭơȥŔȍŔɢɽơȍơɭࠆࠁɽŔŔʋʋơ
ʋơƎŔʽǫˊơƃơʽŔɢʽơɭȟơˊơȥŔȇʠʋɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋȍǫ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔȟʠʋȍŔȇŔơȇŔɭʋơơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
• Apsenin retroperitondaki ekartasyon yönetmi
ȄȲȢʄɧŔɷʄȊǩŸǨȊNJǨɷŔ˃ŔɧȊǩʄȲȜȲNJɧŔLJǨȊƟɧƌǨɧࡲ
9
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ȇʠʋFɢǫƎǫƎǫȟǫʋʽơ¶ɭʂǫʋ
‘ɭȶȥǫȇáɭȶɽʋŔʋǫʋ
ࡧþơɽʋǫȇʠȍơɭŔǐɭǬʽơơɢǫƎǫƎǫȟǫȥ ŔǐɭǬȍǬɃƎơȟǫǫȍơ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơơȥljơȇɽǫˊɃ˖ƎʠɭʠȟƎʠɭࡲFȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥȍơɭ
¥ࡲnjȶȥȶɭɭǠơŔʽơ-ࡲʋɭŔƃǠȶȟŔʋǫɽʋǫɭࡲ
ࡧĵŔʂȍǬȍŔɭƎŔɽơȇɽʧơȍnjơƇǫʂȍǫȶȍȟŔˊŔȥȍŔɭƎŔǫɽơơȥ
ɽǬȇơʋȇơȥFࡲ-ȶȍǫࢫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧþơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊǬƃǬƒĵFࢫˊơȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ɭȶȥǫȇɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǫʋơʋǫˊȶȍȶǿǫɽǫȥƎơŔȍȇȶȍ࡫‘ȍŔȟǫƎˊŔʽơ
čࡲčɭơŔȍˊʋǫƃʠȟʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍŔɭȇȍǫȥǫǐơƎǫ˖ʧɭǫ࡫ɢơɭǫȥơƎơŔǐɭǬ࡫ɽǬȇǫƎɭŔɭŔ
ƇǬȇȟŔ࡫Ŕ˖ŔȍȟǬʂȍǫŹǫƎȶʽơŔǐɭǬȍǬơǿŔȇʠȍŔɽˊȶȥ
ʂǫȇŔˊơʋǫˊȍơŹŔʂʽʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
- ĪŔȇŔɽȶɭʠɽʠȥƎŔŔȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇȍơŹŔɽȇǬȍŔȥǬɢ
tekrarlayan enfeksiyon denilirse kronik prostatit
Ǝʧʂʧȥȟơȍǫˊǫ˖ࡲ
- Kronik prostŔʋǫʋʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơơɭǫʋɭȶȟǫɽǫȥʽơ
¥òz7ࢫȍơɭʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
þʧŹơɭȇʧȍȶ˖
ࡧþ%-ơȥȟɽǬȇ-ࢫǫʋʠʋŔɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇŹɃŹɭơȇȇȶɭʋơȇɽǫȥǫʽơơɢǫƎǫƎǫȟʽơɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǬ
ʋʠʋŔɭࡲ
ࡧeơȥǫʋŔȍȍơɭƎơȥơȥɽǬȇơɭȇơȇʋơơɢǫƎǫƎǫȟ࡫ɽȶȥɭŔ
ɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǬʋǬʋʠʋŔɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ŔƎǬȥƎŔǫɽơơȥɽǬȇʋʠŹŔ࡫ɽȶȥɭŔơȥƎȶȟơʋɭǫˊʠȟʠ
ʋʠʋŔɭࡲࢎơȇȍơ࢏
ࡧeȶȍljƎơȍǫǐǫ ʧɭơʋơɭˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
ࡧqơȟŔʋʧɭǫʽơɢǫˊʧɭǫˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ʧȍʋʧɭƎơʧɭơȟơˊȶȇɽŔʋŔȥǬþʧŹơɭȇʧȍȶ˖ࢫƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧèơȥŔȍǠŔɽŔɭȥơƎơȥǫʧɭơʋơɭȶɢơȍʽǫȇŹǫȍơʂȇơƎơɽȇŔɭ
ȶȍʠʂȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ¥ȶɭȟŔȍƎơʋȶɭŹŔȥǬȥŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȶȍŔȥʋơɽʋǫɽǫȥƎɃȥȟơ
ɽȶȥʠƃʠȥƎŔʧɽʋȇǬɽȟŔƇơȇǫȍȟơɽǫʽơˊʠȇŔɭǬ
ȇŔȍƎǬɭȟŔȇȍŔʋơɽʋǫɽʋơȇǫŔǐɭǬȥǬȥŔɭʋȟŔɽǬʋȶɭɽǫˊȶȥʠ
ƎơɽʋơȇȍơɭࡲࢎáɭơǠȥ%ʠȍnjʠɽʠ࢏
ࡧáȶ˖ǫʋǫljáɭơǠȥऑȇʠʋFɢǫƎǫƎǫȟȶȶɭʂǫʋ
- ȇʠʋơɢǫƎǫƎǫȟǫʋʋŔȥǬɽǬɽȇɭȶʋŔȍčòeǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
- òơȇɽʧơȍnjơƇǫʂȍǫʽŔȇŔȍŔɭƎŔɽơljʋɭǫŔȇɽȶȥऋ
ƎȶȇɽǫɽǫȇȍǫȥȇȶȟŹǫȥŔɽˊȶȥʠʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
- òơȇɽʧơȍnjơƇǫʂǫȶȍȟŔˊŔȥʽŔȇŔȍŔɭƎŔǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠ
ȇǫȥȶȍŔȥʽơŔȍʋơɭȥŔʋǫljǫȶȍŔɭŔȇþ¡áऋò¡ĴȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࡧ%ɃŹɭơȇʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠȥʠȥहࠇࠄȍǫȇȇǬɽȟǬʧȥǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍƎǫɭࡲ
þʠʋʋʠǐʠŹɃŹɭơȇʋơoʋȶȥơljɭơȇʋȶȟǫˊơ ɽơŹơɢȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧèơȥŔȍʋʧŹơɭȇʧȍȶ˖ʧɭơʋơɭȶɢơȍʽǫȇȶŹɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥŔ
ŹŔǐȍǬȶʋȶȥơljɭơȇʋȶȟǫˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
ࡧzĪáࢫƎơࢨnjʧʽơˊơȥǫǐǫȟŔȥ˖ŔɭŔɽǬࢩ ˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
• ȟǫȶƎɭŔȶȥƎȶ˖ǫȍǫʂȇǫȍǫơɢǫƎǫƎǫȟǫʋˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
10
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
èơljȍʧˊʧɃȥȍơˊơȥʧɭơʋơɭǫȥȟơɽŔȥơˊơnjǫɭǫʂǫȥƎơȇǫ
flap - ʽŔȍʽȟơȇŔȥǫ˖ȟŔɽǬƎǬɭʽơɭơljȍʧȟơɽŔȥơ–
ʧɭơʋơɭƎơȇǫŹŔɽǬȥƇƎǫȥŔȟǫȇȍơɭǫȥǫȥŹȶ˖ʠȍȟŔɽǬȥŔ
ŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔơȥɽǬȇɭŔɽʋȍŔȥǬȍŔȥʧɭȶȍȶǿǫȇ
anomalidir. ĪʠɭnjơȥơʋǫȇnjơƇǫʂȍǫŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
ࡧFɢǫƎǫƎǫȟʋʠʋʠȍʠɭɽŔʽŔɽƎơljơɭơȥɽࢨʋơʂŹǫǠʋŔȥơɽǫ
ʂơȇȍǫȥǫࢩŔȍǬɭʽơŔǐɭǬˊŔɢȟŔ˖ࡲ
ࡧbǫɽʋʠȍǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥʽơɽȇɭȶʋŔȍƎơɭǫɭʠɢʋʠɭʠnjơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
òȇɭȶʋʠȟƎơɭǫɽǫȥƎơȇɭȶȥǫȇƎɭơȥơŹǫɭŔɢɽơ
ʋʧŹơɭȇʧȍȶ˖ʠŔȇȍŔnjơʋǫɭȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
¡ŔȍŔȇȶɢȍŔȇǫ
ࡧƒȟȟʧȥɽơɢɭơɽơȍơɭƎơnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơFࡲƃȶȍǫʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔȥ
ˊŔɢǬȍŔȥnjɭŔȥʧȍȶȟŔʋɃ˖ɭơŔȇɽǫˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧòǫɽʋȶɽȇȶɢǫƎơȟơɽŔȥơƎơɽŔɭǬnjɭŔȥʧȍler njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ࡧòʠŹȟʠȇȶ˖ŔȍǠǫɽʋǫˊȶɽǫʋȍơɭơVan-Henseman
ǠʧƃɭơȍơɭǫƎơȥǫɭࡲ
ࡧƒƃǫȥƎơȇǫáòऋ-ǫɽǫȟȍơɭơžǨƂǝŔȊǨɷcʙʄȜŔȢ
ƂǨɷǨȜȊƟɧǨ Ǝơȥǫɭࡲ
ĪʠɭƎʧʂʧȥƎʧɭơƃơȇࠃŹơȍǫɭʋǫ
1. áɭơȥŔʋŔȍƎɃȥơȟƎơĪčèƎʧʂʧȥƎʧɭơƃơȇ
ʠȍʋɭŔɽȶȥȶnjɭŔljǫȇŹʠȍnjʠࢇʠɧƟʄƟɧ࡬ɝƟȊʶǨɷʶƟ˃ŔǨȄǨɷǨȢǨȢ
ŸǨɧƌƟȢƌǨȊŔʄŔɷ˃ȲȢʙࡷʄƟȄʄŔɧŔLJȊǩɧƟȢŔȊŔNJƟȢƟˏǨ˃ŔƌŔ
ȜʙȊʄǨȄǨɷʄǨȄƌǨɷɝȊŔˏǨ࢈ ɽɢʋŔȥȟŔɽǬ࡫
2. Ailede (anne – ŸŔŸŔ࡬ȄŔɧƌƟɻȊƟɧ࢈ ĪčèʋŔȥǬɽǬ࡫
3. DisfonksiˊȶȥơȍȟơɽŔȥơŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬ࡫
ࠃࡲ Ĕɭǫȥơɭòǫɽʋơȟơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠࡲ
Īơ˖ǫȇȶʠɭơʋơɭŔȍèơljȍʧ
VUR Nedenleri
1. ‘ȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍȥơƎơȥȍơɭ
ࡪõɧǨNJȲȢŔȊˏŔ˃ǩLJȊǩȄࢇÚɧǨȜƟɧ࢈࡫DȢ˃Ŕ˃NJǩȢȢƟƌƟȢƌǨɧ
ʶƟȄǩˏƅȲƂʙȄʄŔɷǩȄʄǩɧࡲ
ࡪċɧƟʄƟɧŔȢȲȜŔȊǨȊƟɧǨ࡫ċɧƟʄƟɧŔȊƌʙɝȊǨȄŔɷ˃ȲȢ࡬
üreterosel ve posterior valv, ektopik üretere orifsi.
2. òǫɽʋǫʋơɽơȇȶȥƎơɭ
3. òɢŔɽʋǫȇʋǫɢȥɃɭȶǿơȥǫȇȟơɽŔȥơˊơɽơȇȶȥƎơɭࡲ
ࠃࡲ ƒŔʋɭȶǿơȥࡪáɭȶɽʋŔʋơȇʋȶȟǫ࡫ȇȶȥʋɭŔȇʋơȟơɽŔȥơ࡫
ʧɭȶʋơɭȶɽơȍɭơ˖ơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠ࡫ʧɭơʋơɭȟơȶʋȶʋȶȟǫɽǫࡲ
5. áɭʠȥơ%ơȍȍˊɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ(Eagle-%ŔɧɧƟʄʄɷƟȢƌɧȲȜʙ࢈
ࡪŸƌȲȜǨȢŔȊȄŔɷȊŔɧƌŔˏŔ˃ǩLJȊǩȄ
ࡪ%ǨȊŔʄƟɧŔȊǨȢȜƟȜǨɻʄƟɷʄǨɷȊƟɧ
• Prostatik üretre, mesane ve alt üreterlerin
ƌǨȊŔʄŔɷ˃ȲȢʙ
áɭǫȟơɭʽơ˖ǫȇȶʧɭơʋơɭŔȍèơljȍʧòǬȥǬljȍŔȟŔɽǬ
eɭŔƎơzࡪ òŔƎơƃơʧɭơʋơɭƎǫɽʋŔȍǫȥơɭơljȍʧ
eɭŔƎơzzࡪ áơȍʽǫɽɭơȥŔȍǫɽơȇŔƎŔɭʠȍŔʂŔȥŔȟŔ
ƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥŔˊȶȍŔƇȟŔˊŔȥɭơljȍʧࡲ
eɭŔƎơzzzࡪ ࠁࡲ7ơɭơƃơɭơljȍʧˊơơȇȶȍŔɭŔȇʧɭơʋơɭƎơ
ƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥŔˊȶȍŔƇŔȥɭơljȍʧࡲ
eɭŔƎơzĪࡪ ĔɭơʋơɭƎơȇǬʽɭǬȍȟŔȍŔɭ࡫ʧɭơʋơɭƎơ
ƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ȇŔȍǫȇɽȍơɭƎơƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ȟǫȥǫȟŔȍȇŔȍǫȇɽ
deformitesi
eɭŔƎơĪࡪ ĔǐɭơʋơɭƎơȇǬʽɭǬȍȟŔȍŔɭˊȶȍŔƇŔȥŔǐǬɭ
ƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ȇŔȍǫɽǫơȍƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ɢŔɢǫȍȍŔ
njɃɭʧȥʧȟȍơɭǫnjɃɭʧȥʧȟȍơɭǫȇŔˊŹȶȍȟʠʂ࡫
ǫȥʋɭŔɢŔɭŔȥȇǫȟŔȍɭơljȍʧࡲ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŔɽơȟʋȶȟŔʋǫȇɽơˊɭơƎơȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇʋŔ
ȇɭȶȥǫȇŹɃŹɭơȇˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫȶȍʠʂʋʠǐʠȥƎŔȥŹʠȥŔŹŔǐȍǬ
ɽơȟʋȶȟɢȍŔɭȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭʽơȇȍǫȥǫǐơǠŔɽʋŔŹʠ
ɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭŔŹŔǐȍǬŹŔʂʽʠɭʠɭࡲ‘%ĵࢫˊơŹŔǐȍǬ
ǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ࡫Ŕ˖ȶʋơȟǫ࡫ɢɭȶʋơǫȥʧɭǫ࡫ǠơȟŔʋʧɭǫ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- •ŔŹȶɭŔʋʠŔɭǬȥƎŔ%č¥ʽơȇɭơŔʋǫȥŔɭʋȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
- %ɃŹɭơȇǠŔɽŔɭǬȥǬƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭȟơȇǫƇǫȥɽǫȥʋǫnjɭŔljǫ
ơȥʠˊnjʠȥˊɃȥʋơȟƎǫɭࡲࢎ7¡ò࡫7þá࡫¡eࠂ࢏
11
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
• Hiperkalsemi
• Hiperürisemi
ࡧòǫɽʋǫȥʧɭǫ
ࡧʂǬɭǬɢʧɭǫȥȍǫƎǫˊơʋ
ࡧáɭǫȟơɭǠǫɢơɭȶȇɽŔȍʧɭǫ
‘ȍǫȥǫǐơǫɽơʂʠʂǫȇŔˊơʋȍơɭƎơŹŔʂʽʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡪ
• Renal kolik
• Hematüri
ࡧáȶȍȍŔȇʧɭǫʽơˊŔƎǫ˖ʧɭǫ
ࡧ%ʠȍŔȥʋǬ࡫ȇʠɽȟŔ
ࡧŹƎȶȟǫȥŔȍŔǐɭǬ࡫ɭơȇʋŔȍŔǐɭǬʽơtenezm
ĪčèࢫƎŔ-ơɭɭŔǠǫFȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࠁࡲòȶɭʠ
ࡧþơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔȥ ŔȇʠʋɢˊơȍȶȥơljɭǫʋŔʋŔȇȍŔɭǬȟơʽƃʠʋǫɽơ࡫
ࡧĔɭơʋơɭƎʠɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠʽŔɭɽŔ࡫
• EkʋȶɢǫȇʧɭơʋơɭȶɭǫljǫɽǫʽŔɭɽŔ࡫
ࡧeȶȍljƇʠȇʠɭʠʧɭơʋơɭȶljǫljǫɽǫʽŔɭɽŔ࡫
ࡧqǫƎɭȶȥơljɭȶ˖ʽŔɭɽŔ࡫
ࡧĔɭơʋơɭȶɽơȍʽŔɭɽŔࡲ
ʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫȇȶȍǫȇŔǐɭǬǫƇǫȥʋǫɢǫȇ
ƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡳࢎ%ŔʂŔɽǫɽʋŔȥȍǬȇ࢏
࢏%ʠȍŔȥʋǬ– ‘ʠɽȟŔ
%࢏ʋơʂ
-࢏qơȟŔʋʧɭǫ
7࢏%ŔʋǬȥƎŔƎǫɽʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ
F࢏‘ǬʽɭŔȥƎǬɭǬƃǬŔǐɭǬ
- ĪčèࢫƎŔȇơɽǫȥʋŔȥǬʽơơʽɭơȍơȟơʽȶǫƎǫȥnjࢇǨɻƟȜƟ࢈
ɽǫɽʋȶʧɭơʋɭȶnjɭŔljǫɽǫˊȍơࢎ¡òče࢏ ȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇɢɭȶljǫȍŔȇɽǫɽǫʽơƃơɭɭŔǠǫƎǫɭࡲ
ĔɭǫȥơɭòǫɽʋơȟþŔʂqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
¶á‘
òF¡ƒ¶á‘
‘ŔȍɽǫˊʠȟȶȇɽŔȍŔʋ
ࢇƟȢɷǩȄ࢈
òǫɽʋǫȥ
‘ŔȍɽǫˊʠȟljȶɽljŔʋ(en
radyoopak)
•ĔòF¥þ
Ürat
Ksantin
¶ɭȶʋǫȇŔɽǫʋ
¡Ŕnjȥơ˖ˊʠȟ
ŔȟȶȥˊʠȟljȶɽljŔʋ
ࢇɷʄŔNJǝȲɧȢ࡬ɷʄɧʠʶǨʄ࢈
ࡧþʧȟʧɭǫȥơɭɽǫɽʋơȟǫʋŔʂȍŔɭǬǫƇơɭǫɽǫȥƎơˊŔȇȍŔʂǬȇ
हࠇ߿- हࠇࠄȶɭŔȥȍŔȇŔȍɽǫˊʠȟʋŔʂȍŔɭǬơȥljŔ˖ȍŔƎǬɭࡲ
þŔȥǬࡪˊŔȇʋŔƎǫɭơȇŹŔʋǬȥnjɭŔljǫɽǫǫȍȇˊŔɢǬȍȟŔɽǬ
njơɭơȇơȥơȥŹŔɽǫʋnjɃɭʧȥʋʧȍơȟơˊɃȥʋơȟǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧzĪá– čòeȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬnjɃɽʋơɭȟơƎơ
ƎơǐơɭȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ơɽǫȥʋŔȥǬ%þǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
èǫɽȇbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫ
ࡧƒƎǫˊȶɢŔʋǫȇǠǫɢơɭȇŔȍɽǫʧɭǫ
ࡧ7ǫɽʋŔȍɭơȥŔȍʋʠŹʠȍơɭŔɽǫƎȶ˖
• Hiperparatiroidzm
ࡧʂǬɭǬȶȇɽŔȍŔʋƎǫˊơʋǫ
ࡧĪǫʋŔȟǫȥ-ŔȍǬʂȇŔȥȍǬǐǬ
ࡧ¡ơƎʠȍȍŔɭɽʧȥnjơɭŹɃŹɭơȇ
• EʋǫȍơȥnjȍǫȇȶȍǫȥʋȶȇɽǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠ
12
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŹɃŹɭơȇȇȶɭʋơȇɽǫȥƎơˊơɭȍơʂơȥɽŔɭǬ
ɭơȥȇȍǫʽơȥȶƎʠȍơɭnjɃɭʧȥʧȟʧȥȟơƎơȥǫˊȍơ
makroskopik olarak berrak hücreli renal hücreli
ȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟȍŔȇŔɭǬʂǬɭࡲ
Fòĭ•ࢫȥǫȥʠˊnjʠȥȶȍȟŔƎǬǐǬƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭ
ࡧࠁƃȟʧ˖ơɭǫɢơȍʽǫȇʋŔʂʋŔ
ࡧ¥ȶȥȶɢŔȇʋŔʂȍŔɭƎŔ
ࡧ¡ʠȍʋǫɢȍʋŔʂʽŔɭȍǬǐǬȥƎŔ
ࡧࠀࡲࠄƃȟʧ˖ơɭǫɽǫɽʋǫȥʋŔʂȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ
%ɃŹɭơȇʋơþƒáࠁb‘ǫɽʋ
ࡧऑࠁȟȟơȥȇŔȍǬȥ ɽơɢʋŔȍǬ
ࡧࠂƃȟࢫƎơȥŹʧˊʧȇ
ࡧ‘ŔȍǬȥȥȶƎʧȍơɭȇŔȍɽǫljǫȇŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧFòĭ•ࢫƎơȇǬɭǬȍŔȥʋŔʂȍŔɭƎŔơȥƇȶȇʧɭơʋơɭŔȍʋ
ʠƃʠȥƎŔŹǫɭȍơʂǫɭࡲ
ࡧࠁƃȟࢫƎơȥŹʧˊʧȇŔȍʋȇŔȍǫȇɽʋŔʂȍŔɭǬǫƇǫȥơȥʠˊnjʠȥ
ʋơƎŔʽǫáơɭȇʧʋŔȥ¥ơljɭȶȍǫʋȶʋȶȟǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧ%ʠˊɃȥʋơȟȍơɭƎǬʂǬȥƎŔʧɭơʋơɭȶɽȇȶɢǫȇʋŔʂ
ơȇɽʋɭŔɽǫˊȶȥʠ࡫ŔƇǬȇʋŔʂƃơɭɭŔǠǫɽǫ࡫ɢǫˊơȍȶȍǫʋȶʋȶȟǫ࡫
ŔȥŔʋɭȶljǫȇȥơljɭȶȍǫʋȶʋȶȟǫʽơʧɭơʋơɭȶȍǫʋȶʋȶȟǫƎǫǐơɭ
ʋơƎŔʽǫɽơƇơȥơȇȍơɭǫŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔŹʠȍʠȥȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧFòĭ•ࢫȥǫȥȇơɽǫȥȇȶȥʋɭơƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬnjơŹơȍǫȇ࡫
ȇȶŔnjʠȍȶɢŔʋǫȍơɭ࡫ɭơȍŔʋǫljȇȶȥʋɭơƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ‘-
ljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ࡫ǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ࡫ŔȥʋŔnjɭơnjŔȥ
ǫȍŔƇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬƎǬɭࡲ
èơȥŔȍqʧƃɭơȍǫ‘ŔɭɽǫȥȶȟࢎqǫɢơɭȥơljɭȶȟŔ࢏
• Renal hücreli karsinom böbrek proksimal
ơɢǫʋơȍˊŔȍʋʠŹʠȍơɭǠʧƃɭơȍơɭƎơȥȇŔˊȥŔȇȍŔȥŔȥŹǫɭ
ŔƎơȥȶȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟƎʠɭࡲĪŔȇŔȍŔɭǬȥƇȶǐʠɽɢȶɭŔȇƎǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
ĵŔʂŔȟǬȥࠄࡲʽơࠆࡲƎơȇŔȥʋȍŔɭǬȥƎŔƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
FɭȇơȇȇŔƎǬȥnjɃɭʧȍȟơȶɭŔȥǬࠁࡸࠀࢫƎǫɭʽơʋʧȟŹɃŹɭơȇ
ʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭǫȥǫȥˊŔȇȍŔʂǬȇहࠇ߿-ࠈ߿ࢫǬȥǬȶȍʠʂʋʠɭȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
êǨNJŔɧŔǨƅȜƟȄɧƟȢŔȊŔƌƟȢȲȄŔɧɷǨȢȲȜȲȊʙɻʙȜʙȢƌŔƟȢ
ȾȢƟȜȊǨɧǨɷȄLJŔȄʄȾɧʠȲȊŔɧŔȄȄŔŸʙȊƟƌǨȊȜƟȄʄƟƌǨɧࡲ
ࠁࡲþĔ¡Äè•Fè
%ơȥǫnjȥþʧȟɃɭȍơɭ
• Renal adenom ࢎFȥɽǬȇŹơȥǫnjȥŹɃŹɭơȇȍơ˖ˊȶȥʠ࢏
• Renal onkositom
ࡧ¡ơƎʠȍȍơɭljǫŹɭȶȟࢎ¶ʋȶɢɽǫƎơơȥɽǬȇ࢏
- ȥǿǫˊȶȟˊȶȍǫɢȶȟࡪȥǿǫȶȟˊȶȍǫɢȶȟƎơǐǫʂơȥ
ȶɭŔȥȍŔɭƎŔƎʧ˖ȇŔɽ࡫ƎǫɽɢȍŔɽʋǫȇȇŔȥƎŔȟŔɭȍŔɭǬʽơˊŔǐ
ƎȶȇʠɽʠȥƎŔȶȍʠʂŔȥɢơɭǫʽŔɽȇʠȍơɭơɢǫʋeloid hücre
ʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭǫnjɭʠŹʠȥƎŔȥ en ɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥŹơȥǫnjȥ
ȟơ˖ơȥȇǫȟŔȍŹɃŹɭơȇʋʧȟɃɭʧƎʧɭࡲ
ࡧþʠŹơɭȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖ȍŔǫȍǫʂȇǫȍǫ
ǫȍơʽǫɭơȥŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟljȶɭȟȍŔɭǬ
ࠀࡲ¶7èơȥŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
ࠁࡲĪŔȥqǫɢɢơȍ•ǫȥƎŔʠɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠȥƎŔ
ࠂࡲqơɭơƎǫʋȍơɭáŔɢǫȍȍơɭ-Ŕࢎ¡Fþáɭȶʋȶȶȥȇȶnjơȥǫ࢏
ࠃࡲ%ǫɭʋ-qȶnjnj-7ʠŹơɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
13
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
èȶŹɽȶȥFʽɭơȍơȟơɽǫ
%ocêƟȢƌɧȲȜʙ-`ǨŸɧȲLJȲȊȊǨȄʙȊȲȜŔ
Fʽɭơȍơȟơ
Fʽɭơࠀࡪ %ɃŹɭơȇɢŔɭŔȥȇǫȟǫǫƇǫȥƎơɽǬȥǬɭȍǬ
Fʽɭơࠁࡪ eơɭȶʋŔljŔɽˊŔɽǬǫƇǫȥƎơɽǬȥǬɭȍǬࢇŸȾŸɧƟȄʠɷʄʠ
ŸƟˏǨƌŔǝǨȊ࢈
FʽɭơࠂŔࡪ èơȥŔȍʽơȥ࡫ʽࡲƃŔȥŔǫȥljࡲʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠ
FʽɭơࠂŹࡪ %ɃȍnjơɽơȍȍơȥljȥȶƎʠʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠࡪ
Fʽɭơࠂƃࡪ qơȟʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭǠơȟȍơȥljŔʋǫȇʋʠʋʠȍʠȟ
FʽɭơࠃŔࡪ òʧɭɭơȥŔȍȍơɭƎǬʂǬȥƎŔȇȶȟʂʠȶɭnjŔȥ
ʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠࢇɝŔȢȄɧƟŔɷ࡬ȄȲȊȲȢNJǨŸǨ࢈
FʽɭơࠃŹࡪ Uzak metastaz
Fɭǫʋɭȶɽǫʋȶ˖ˊŔɢŔȥʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭ
ࡧòơɭơŹơȍȍŔɭǠơȟŔȥǿǫȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟ
ࡧè-• q-ࡧĭǫȍȟɽʋȟ
• Feokromositoma
I
áɭǫȟơɭʋʧȟɃɭ
Ix
áɭǫȟơɭʋʧȟɃɭɽŔɢʋŔȟŔȇǫƇǫȥʽơɭǫȍơɭˊơʋơɭȍǫ
ƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡲ
þ߿
þࠀ
þࠀŔ
þࠀŹ
þࠁ
þࠁŔ
þࠁŹ
þࠂ
áɭǫȟơɭʋʧȟɃɭơŔǫʋȇŔȥǬʋˊȶȇࡲ
þʧȟɃɭơȥŹʧˊʧȇŹȶˊʠʋʠऔ ࠆƃȟ࡫ŹɃŹɭơȇǫƇǫȥƎơ
ɽǬȥǬɭȍǬࡲ
þʧȟɃɭŹʧˊʧȇƇŔɢǬऔ 4 cm
þʧȟɃɭŹʧˊʧȇƇŔɢǬओ 4cm ama औ 7 cm
þʧȟɃɭơȥŹʧˊʧȇŹȶˊʠʋʠओ 7 cm ama böbrek
ǫƇǫȥƎơɽǬȥǬɭȍǬ
þʧȟɃɭŹȶˊʠʋʠࠆ-ࠀ߿ƃȟ࡫ŹɃŹɭơȇǫƇǫȥƎơɽǬȥǬɭȍǬ
þʧȟɃɭȟŔǿɃɭʽơȥȍơɭơˊŔˊǬȍȟǬʂʽơˊŔɢơɭǫȥơljɭǫȇ
ƎȶȇʠȍŔɭǬʋʠʋȟʠʂŔȥƃŔȇǫɢɽǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍɽʧɭɭơȥŔȍ
bezi ʋʠʋȟŔȟǬʂʋǬɭʽơnjerota fasˊŔɽǬȥǬ
ŔʂȟŔȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
þࠂŔ
þʧȟɃɭɢơɭǫȟơljɭǫȇƎȶȇʠȍŔɭǬ࡫ɭơȥŔȍɽǫȥʧɽʽơˊŔ
ɭơȥŔȍʽơȥǫʋʠʋȟʠʂ
þࠂŹ
þʧȟɃɭĪ࡫‘ŔʽŔࢫˊǬƎǫˊŔljɭŔȟŔʧɽʋʧȥƎơnjɭȶɽ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇʋʠʋȟʠʂʋʠɭࡲ
þࠂƃ
þʧȟɃɭĪ࡫‘ŔʽŔࢫˊǬƎǫˊŔljɭŔȟŔʧɽʋʧȥƎơnjɭȶɽ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇʋʠʋȟʠʂʋʠɭࡲ
þࠃ
þʧȟɃɭnjơɭȶʋŔljŔ˖ˊŔɽǬȥǬŔʂȟǬʂʋǬɭʽơˊŔƎǫɭơȇʋ
ŔƎɭơȥŔȍŹơ˖ǫƇǫȥƎơǫȥʽŔ˖ˊȶȥˊŔɢȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
N
Nx
¥߿
N1
M
¡߿
M1
- FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥʋǫɢŹơɭɭŔȇǠʧƃɭơȍǫʋǫɢʋǫɭࡲ
- eɭŔȥʠȍơɭƃơȍȍʽơɢŔɢǫȍȍơɭƃơȍȍʋʧȟʋǫɢȍơɭǫƇǫȥƎơơȥ
ǫˊǫɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ȍʠʋǫɢȍơɭƎǫɭࡲ
- òŔɭȇȶȟŔʋȶǫƎʋǫɢơȥȇɃʋʧɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ȍʠȶȍŔȥƎǬɭࡲ
- è--ơȥɽǬȇʠ˖ŔȇȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ǬȥǬŔȇƃǫǐơɭơˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
þʧȟɃɭŹȶˊʠʋʠओࠀ߿ƃȟ࡫ŹɃŹɭơȇǫƇǫȥƎơɽǬȥǬɭȍǬ
è--áŔɭŔȥơȶɢȍŔɽʋǫȇòơȥƎɭȶȟȍŔɭǬ
• EPO ɽŔȍnjǬȍŔˊŔɭŔȇɢȶȍǫɽǫʋơȟǫࢇƟȢɷǩȄɝȲȊǨɷǨʄƟȜǨ
˃ŔɝŔȢʄȜ࢈
• Renin ɽŔȍnjǬȍŔˊŔɭŔȇǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊon
• áŔɭŔʋǠȶɭȟȶȥ Źơȥ˖ơɭǫȟŔƎƎơɽʠŹɽʋŔȥɽ
ɽŔȍnjǬȍŔˊŔɭŔȇǠǫɢơɭɢŔɭŔʋǫɭȶǫƎǫࢎƟȢɷǩȄ࢈
• Non metastatik hepatik disfonksiyon (Stauffer
ɷƟȢƌɧȲȜʙ࢈
%Ƀȍnjơɽơȍ•ơȥlj¥ȶƎȍŔɭǬ
%Ƀȍnjơɽơȍ•ơȥlj¥ȶƎȍŔɭǬȥǬɽŔɢʋŔȟŔȇǫƇǫȥʽơɭǫȍơɭ
ˊơʋơɭȍǫƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡲ
%Ƀȍnjơɽơȍ•ơȥlj¥ȶƎȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȟơʋŔɽʋŔɽˊȶȇࡲ
þơȇʽơˊŔŹǫɭƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔȍơȥljȥȶƎʠˊȍŔȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖
ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ĭǫȍȟɽþʧȟɃɭʧ
Uzak metastaz
1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔơȥɽǬȇɭŔɽʋȍŔȥǬȍŔȥɢɭǫȟơɭơȟŹɭǫˊȶȥǫȇ
ɭơȥŔȍȟŔȍǫnjȥʋʧȟɃɭƎʧɭࡲþʧȟɃɭȟơʋŔȥơljɭǫȇ
blastemden ȇŔˊȥŔȇȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
č˖ŔȇȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ˊȶȇࡲ
č˖ŔȇȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ʽŔɭࡲ
14
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
¡Fò¥F‘¥òFèƒ
ࡧ¡ơɽŔȥơȇŔȥɽơɭȍơɭǫǫȇǫȥƃǫơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥ
njơȥǫʋȶʧɭǫȥơɭɽǫɽʋơȟȇŔȥɽơɭǫƎǫɭࡲeơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơˊŔʂȍǬ
ơɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơࢎࠈȇŔʋljŔ˖ȍŔ࢏njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ¶ɭʋŔȍŔȟŔnjɃɭʧȍȟơ
ˊŔʂǬࠆ߿ࢫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧहࠈ߿ࢫǬʋɭŔȥɽǫ˖ˊȶȥơȍǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟƎʠɭࡲࢎहࠄ-7
ɽɩʠŔȟȶ˖ǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ࢏eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơơȇ˖ȶljǫʋǫȇ࡫
ɢŔɢǫȍȍơɭʠ˖ŔȥǬȟnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭȍơɭࡲ
ࡧǐɭǬɽǬ˖ʋȶʋŔȍnjɭȶɽɽɢǬǠʋǬȍǬǠơȟŔʋʧɭǫơɽŔɽ
ŹʠȍnjʠɽʠƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇʋɭǫnjȶȥʽơʧɭơʋơɭȶɭǫljǫɽǫƇơʽɭơɽǫȥƎơˊơɭȍơʂǫɭࡲ
¡ơɽŔȥơȇŔȥɽơɭǫȥǫȥŹǫȍǫȥơȥɭǫɽȇljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫࡷ
ࡧòǫnjŔɭŔ
ࡧĵŔɢŔˊþŔʋȍŔȥƎǬɭǬƃǬȍŔɭࢎɽɢŔɭʋŔȟ࢏
ࡧ¡ơɽȍơȇǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶǿơȥȍơɭࢎ%ơȥ˖ǫƎǫȥ-beta naftilamin
ǫƇơɭơȥŔȥǫȍǫȥŹȶˊŔȍŔɭǬ࢏
ࡧ÷ǫɽʋȶ˖ȶȟǫŔ˖ǫɽࢎòȇʠŔȟɃ˖ǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔȥɽơɭɭǫɽȇ
faktörü – òࡲqŔơȟŔʋȶŹǫʠȟ࢏
• Kronik sistit
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫŔȟŔƇȍǬɽǫȇȍȶljȶɽljŔȟǫƎȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬ
ࡧáơȍʽǫȇɭŔƎˊȶʋơɭŔɢǫ
ĭǫȍȟɽþʧȟɃɭʧˊȍơ%ǫɭȍǫȇʋơèŔɽʋȍŔȥŔȥȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ
ࡧeơȥǫʋȶʧɭǫȥơɭŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭࢎơȥɽǬȇ࢏ࢎqǫɢȶɽɢŔƎǫŔɽ࡫ʋ
ȥŔȍǬŹɃŹɭơȇ࢏
• Hemihipertrofi
ࡧòɢȶɭŔƎǫȇŔȥǫɭǫƎǫ
ࡧȥǫɭǫƎǫʽơĭǫȍȟɽʋʧȟɃɭʧŔȍŔȥȍŔɭƎŔȇɭȶȟȶ˖ȶȟ
ࠀࠀࢫƎơƎơȍơɽˊȶȥʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
%ŔʋǬȥȶɭʋŔǠŔʋʋǬnjơƇȟơ˖ŔȥƃŔȇơʽɭơࠂࢫƎơȥɽȶȥɭŔ
ȶɭʋŔǠŔʋʋǬnjơƇơŹǫȍǫɭ࡮
žƟɷŔȢƟȄŔȢɷƟɧǨȄƟɷǨȢʄŔȢǩɷǩɷistoskopik
ƌƟǍƟɧȊƟȢƌǨɧȜƟʶƟŸǨ˃ȲɝɷǨǨȊƟȄȲȢʙɧࡲ
þŔȥǬnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơɭʠʋǫȥljǫ˖ǫȇȟʠŔˊơȥơơɽȥŔɽǬȥƎŔ
ȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
ĭǫȍȟɽʋʧȟɃɭʧɽɢȶʋɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭ
ࡧþɭǫljŔ˖ǫȇʋʧȟɃɭƂ ĭǫȍȟɽʋʧȟɃɭʧ
ࡧĭǫȍȟɽȇǫʋȍơɽǫȥǫȥɃ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫƂ ȶɭʋŔǠŔʋʋǬnjơƇȟơˊơȥ
ˊʧ˖ơˊǫƎʧ˖njʧȥȇǫʋȍơ
ࡧĭǫȍȟʋȟơȥɽǬȇʠ˖ŔȇȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ǬƂ ȇƃǫǐơɭ
ࡧĭǫȍȟɽʋʧȟɃɭʧȥʧȥơȥȇɃʋʧɢɭȶnjȥȶɽʋȶȇljŔȇʋɃɭʧƂ
Anaplazi
ĭǫȍȟɽʋʧȟɃɭʧȥơơʂȍǫȇơƎơȥɽơȥƎɭȶȟȍŔɭ
ࡧĭeèࢎĭǫȍȟɽʋȟ࡫ŔȥǫɭǫƎǫ࡫njơȥǫʋŔȍŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ࡫
ȟơȥʋŔȍɭơʋŔɭƎŔɽˊȶȥ࢏
• Beckwith-ĭǫơƎơȟŔȥȥɽơȥƎȶɭȟʠࢎ¶ɭnjŔȥȍŔɭƎŔ
Źʧˊʧȟơ࡫ǠơȟǫǠǫɢơɭʋɭȶljǫ࡫ɭơȥŔȍȟơƎʠȍȍơɭ ȇǫɽʋ࡫
ɽǫʋȶȟơnjŔȍǫ࢏
• Denys-7ɭŔɽǠɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠࢎeȶȥŔƎŔȍƎǫɽnjơȥơ˖ǫ࡫
ɭơȥŔȍˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫȇ࡫ĭǫȍȟɽʋȟnjơȍǫʂǫȟǫǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲĭþ-ࠀ
njơȥǫȥƎơȟʠʋŔɽˊȶȥʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ࢏
• Nefroblastomatozis
ࡧĭǫȍȟɽʋʧȟɃɭʧè--njǫŹǫFá¶ɽŔȍnjǬȍŔˊŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲˊɭǬƃŔ
ɢŔɭŔʋǠȶɭȟȶȥŹơȥ˖ơɭǫȟŔƎƎơɽŔȍnjǬȍŔˊŔɭŔȇ
hiperkalɽơȟǫˊŔɢŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
þƒò
ࡧ‘ȶȟɢȍơþɭŔȥɽʠɭơʋɭŔȍɭơ˖ơȇɽǫˊȶȥࢎþčè࢏ŔɭƎǬȥƎŔȥ
ǫȥʋɭŔʽơ˖ǫȇŔȍ%-eࢎ%Ŕƃǫȍȍʠɽ--Ŕȍȟơʋʋơ-eʠơɭǫȥ࢏
þࠀ
ࡧ‘ȶȟɢȍơþčèŔɭƎǬȥƎŔȥǫȥʋɭŔʽơ˖ǫȇŔȍȇơȟȶʋơɭŔɢǫˊŔ
ƎŔǫȟȟʠȥȶʋơɭŔɢǫ
þࠁ-ࠃ
ࡧèŔƎǫȇŔȍɽǫɽʋơȇʋȶȟǫ࡫ȥơȶŔƎǿʠʽŔȥȇơȟȶterapi
ŔɭƎǬȥƎŔȥɭŔƎǫȇŔȍɽǫɽʋơȇʋȶȟǫ
ࡧèŔƎǫȇŔȍɽǫɽʋơȇʋȶȟǫŔɭƎǬȥƎŔȥŔƎǿʠʽŔȥȇơȟȶʋơɭŔɢǫ
15
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
%ʠȍnjʠȍŔɭࡷ èơȇʋŔȍʋʠʂơƎơŔɽǫȟơʋɭǫʽơʋŔʂɽơɭʋȍǫǐǫ࡫
ǫȟȟȶŹǫȍƎǫɭࡲ
áòࡪáɭȶɽʋŔʋŔɽǫȥǫơɢǫʋơȍǫȥƎơȥɽŔȍnjǬȍŔȥǬɭ࡫ˊʧȇɽơȇȍǫǐǫ
prostata spesifiktir ancak prostat kanserine
ɽɢơɽǫljǫȇƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡲáòࢫȥǬȥɢɭȶʋơŔ˖Ƀ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
áɭȶɽʋŔʋȇŔȥɽơɭȍǫǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥहࠁࠄࢫǫȥƎơȥȶɭȟŔȍƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧáòࠃȟnjࡸƎȍࢫƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔǫʂơʂʧɢǠơȍơȥǫɭʽơŹǫˊȶɢɽǫ
njơɭơȇǫɭࡲ
ࡧáòˊʧȇɽơȇȍǫǐǫɢɭȶɽʋŔʋȇŔȥɽơɭǫȟơʋŔʋŔ˖ǬȥƎŔʽơ
ʋŔȇǫŹǫȥƎơȟʧǠǫȟƎǫɭ࡮
¡ơɽŔȥơ‘ŔȥɽơɭǫȥƎơ‘ʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥƒȥʋɭŔʽơ˖ǫȇŔȍ
‘ơȟȶʋơɭŔɢɃʋǫȇƒȍŔƇȍŔɭ
ࡧþǠǫȶʋơɢŔ
• Adriamycin
ࡧFɢǫɭʠŹǫƃǫȥ
ࡧ¡ǫʋȶȟˊƃǫȥ
áè¶òþþ‘¥òFèƒ
ࡧòơɭŹơɽʋáòࢫȥǬȥʋȶʋŔȍáòࢫˊŔˊʧ˖ƎơɽǫȟŔȍǫnjȥʽơ
ŹơȥǫnjȥȶȍŔˊȍŔɭǬŔˊǬɭȟŔƎŔƎŔǠŔɃȥơȟȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧááʋʧȟɃɭǠʧƃɭơȍơɭǫȇŔɢɽʧȍʧnjơƇǫȥƃơˊʧȇɽơȍǫɭࡲ
•áȇơȟǫȇȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ǬʽŔɭɽŔˊʧȇɽơȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧþèčòࢎþɭŔȥɽɭơȇʋŔȍčòe࢏ǫȍơƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭȟơʽơ
ŹǫˊȶɢɽǫȇơɽǫȥʋŔȥǬȇȶˊƎʠɭʠɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭȟơɽǫǫƇǫȥʋȶʋŔȍȇơȟǫȇ
ɽǫȥʋǫnjɭŔljǫɽ࡫ȍơȥljȥȶƎʠȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ȍŔɭǬǫƇǫȥŔŹƎȶȟǫȥŔȍ
%þˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
eȍơŔɽȶȥFʽɭơȍơȟơòǫɽʋơȟǫ
- ¡ǫȇɭȶɽȇȶɢŔȍʋǬȥƎŔnjȍŔȥƎʠȍơɭˊŔɢǬȥǬȥ
ƎǫljơɭŔȥɽǫˊȶȥʠȥŔnjɃɭơˊŔɢǬȍŔȥŹǫɭɽǫɽʋơȟƎǫɭࡲ
- eȍơŔɽȶȥơʽɭơȍơȥƎǫɭȟơɽǫɽʋơȟǫȥǫȥˊŔȥǬȥƎŔŔˊɭǬƃŔ
ɢɭȶɽʋŔʋȇŔȥɽơɭǫȥƎơþ¥¡ơʽɭơȍơȥƎǫɭȟơɽǫɽʋơȟǫƎơ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
áɭȶɽʋŔʋŁŔȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧáơɭǫljơɭǫȇ˖ŔȥࡪáɭȶɽʋŔʋȇŔȥɽơɭǫȥǫȥहࠅ߿-ࠆ߿ࢫǫ
ŹʠɭŔƎŔȥnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
ࡧòŔȥʋɭŔȍ˖ŔȥࡪáɭȶɽʋŔʋȇŔȥɽơɭǫȥǫȥnjơɭǫȇŔȍŔȥǬȥǬȥ
ŹʧˊʧȇŹɃȍʧȟʧŹʠ˖ŔȥƎŔȥnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
ࡧþɭŔȥɽǫ˖ˊȶȥơȍ˖Ŕȥࡪ%áqnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
ࡧहࠈࠄࢫʋơȥljŔ˖ȍŔɽǬŔɽǫȥơɭʋǫɢʋơŔƎơȥȶȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧࠅ߿ˊŔʂʧɽʋʧơɭȇơȇȍơɭǫȥơȥɽǬȇȇŔȥɽơɭǫƎǫɭࡲ
qǫɢȶȇŔȍɽơȟǫ– áɭȶɽʋŔʋ-
qǫɢơɭȇŔȍɽơȟǫ– ¡ơȟơ-
FʋˊȶȍȶǿǫࡪÚɧǨȜƟɧɷȲɧʙȜȊʙŔȢƌɧȲǼƟȢƌǨɧࡲ
ࡧǫȍơɽơȍˊŔʋȇǬȥȍǬȇ
ࡧ‘ʠɭʂʠȥ࡫ȇŔƎȟǫˊʠȟ࡫ʋȶɭȶʋɭŔɽʋ
ࡧáɭȶɽʋŔʋʋŔʂǬʽơơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
qŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬʂʠʂơȇǫȍƎơ
ɽǬȥǬljȍŔȥƎǬɭǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡷ
¶ŹɽʋɭʠȇɽǫˊȶȥɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬࡪ ƒƎɭŔɭŔȇǬȟǠǬ˖ǬȥƎŔ
Ŕ˖ŔȍȟŔ࡫ȇơɽǫȇȇơɽǫȇǫƎɭŔɭˊŔɢȟŔ
áɭȶɽʋŔʋǫ˖ȟɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬࡪ ¥ȶȇʋʠɭǫ࡫ɢȶȍȍŔȇʠɭǫ
èơ˖ǫƎʠǫƎɭŔɭɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬࡪ qơȟŔʋʠɭǫ࡫áˊʠɭǫ࡫eȍȶŹ
ʽơ˖ǫȇŔȍơʽơˊŔĪčèࢫŔŹŔǐȍǬŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍ
ǠǫƎɭȶʠɭơʋơɭȶȥơljɭȶ˖
• Anemi
• Hemospermi
ĵŔˊǬȍǬȟ
- áɭȶɽʋŔʋȇŔȥɽơɭǫơȥɽǬȇȍơȥljȶǿơȥˊȶȍȍŔ
ˊŔˊǬȍȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
- •ơȥljȶǿơȥࢎƒȍȇȶŹʋʠɭŔʋȶɭȍơȥljȥȶƎȍŔɭǬȥŔˊŔˊǬȍǬȟ–
ơȥɽǬȇ࢏
- qơȟŔʋȶǿơȥࢎ•ȶȟŹơɭʽơɭʋơŹɭŔ– ơȥɽǬȇ࢏ɢơȍʽǫɽ࡫
ɽʋơɭȥʠȟ࡫ȇɭŔȥǫʠȟŔƎǬɭࡲहࠇ߿ȶɽʋơŔŹȍŔɽʋǫȇ࡫हࠁ߿
ȶɽʋơȶȇȍŔɽʋǫȇȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
- 7ǫɭơȇʋǫȥʽŔ˖ˊȶȥɭơȇʋʠȟŔहࠇ
16
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
þơƎŔʽǫƎơʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍơȥǫȍŔƇ
- Alfa-ŔƎɭơȥơɭǿǫȇŹȍȶȇơɭʋơƎŔʽǫࡪ¡ơɽŔȥơŹȶˊȥʠʽơ
ɢɭȶɽʋŔʋƎʧ˖ȇŔɽǬȥƎŔ࡫ŔȍljŔࠀ-ŔƎɭơȥơɭǿǫȇơʋȇǫȶȍʠʂŔȥ
ȇŔɽǬȍȟŔȍŔɭǬŔȥʋȶnjȶȥǫ˖ơơƎơɭơȇơʋȇǫnjɃɽʋơɭƎǫǐǫ
ƎʧʂʧȥʧȍȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲáɭȶ˖ȶɽǫȥˊŔȥơʋȇǫȍơɭǫȥǫȥljŔ˖ȍŔȍǬǐǬ
ȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍȟơȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲþơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍơȥ
ǫȍŔƇȍŔɭŔȍljʠ˖ȶɽǫȥ࡫ƎȶȇɽŔ˖ȶǫȥ࡫ʋŔȟɽʠȍȶɽǫȥ࡫
ʋơɭȶ˖ȶɽǫȥƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧáɭȶɽʋŔʋȇŔȥɽơɭǫȥǫȥʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơɭŔƎǫȇŔȍ
ɢɭȶɽʋŔʋơȇʋȶȟǫ࡫ɭŔƎˊȶʋơɭŔɢǫ࡫ȇɭǫˊȶƃơɭrahi
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ơʋŔɽʋŔʋǫȇɢɭȶɽʋŔʋȇŔȥɽơɭǫȥƎơȶɭʂǫơȇʋȶȟǫʽơ
ǠȶɭȟȶȥȶʋơɭŔɢǫˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
qȶɭȟȶȥȶʋơɭŔɢǫ
- ȥƎɭȶǿơȥɭơɽơɢʋɃɭŹȍȶȇɃɭʧbȍʠʋŔȟǫƎǫȍơˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
- bǫȥŔɽʋơɭǫƎࢎࠄŔȍljŔɭơƎʠȇʋŔ˖ǫȥȟǠǫŹǫʋɃɭʧ࢏
- eȥèqŔnjȶȥǫɽʋȍơɭǫljȶɭȟŔȇȶȍȶǿǫȇȇŔɽʋɭŔɽˊȶȥˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
- 5 alfa-ɭơƎʧȇʋȶ˖ǫȥǠǫŹǫʋɃɭȍơɭǫࡪ%ʠnjɭʠɢǫȍŔƇȍŔɭ
intrapɭȶɽʋŔʋǫȇƎǫǠǫƎɭȶʋơɽʋȶɽʋơɭȶȥɽơʽǫˊơɽǫ
ȇŔɽʋɭŔɽˊȶȥɽơʽǫˊơɽǫȥơȇŔƎŔɭǫȥȟơƎơȥƎʧʂʧɭơɭơȇ
ơʋȇǫnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭȍơɭࡲ%ʠơʋȇǫɽȶȥʠƃʠȥƎŔɢɭȶɽʋŔʋ
ŹȶˊʠʋʠȥƎŔहࠁ߿-ࠂ߿ȶɭŔȥǬȥƎŔȇʧƇʧȍȟơʽơɽơɭʠȟ
áòƎʧ˖ơˊǫȥƎơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔˊŔȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭȍŔɭࡲˊɭǬƃŔࠄ
alfa-redüktaz inhibitörlerinin idrar akǬȟǠǬ˖ǬȥǬ
ŔɭʋǬɭƎǬǐǬʋơɽɢǫʋơƎǫȍȟơȟǫʂʋǫɭࡲFȥƇȶȇʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍơȥ
ǫȍŔƇȍŔɭbǫȥŔɽʋơɭǫƎơʽơ7ʠƎŔɽʋơɭǫƎơࢫƎǫɭࡲ
%ơȥǫnjȥáɭȶɽʋŔʋqǫɢơɭɢȍŔ˖ǫ
- %ơȥǫnjȥɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǠǫɢơɭɢȍŔ˖ǫˊŔʂŔʽơŔȥƎɭȶǿơȥ
ɽŔȍǬȥǬȟŔŹŔǐȍǬnjȍŔȥƎʠȍơɭʽơljǫŹɭȶȟʠɽȇʠȍơɭ
ȇȶȟɢȶȥơȥʋȍơɭǫȥǠǫɢơɭɢȍŔ˖ǫƎǫɭࡲ
- %ơȥǫnjȥɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǠǫɢơɭɢȍŔ˖ǫʋɭŔȥɽǫ˖ˊȶȥơȍ˖ȶȥƎŔȥ
njơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
- ¡ơɽŔȥơƎơȶŹɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍŔɭŔȇȟơɽŔȥơ
ƎʠʽŔɭǬȥƎŔơɢǫʋơȍˊŔȍǠǫɢơɭɢȍŔ˖ǫ࡫ǫȍơɭȍơƎǫȇƇơ
ʋɭŔŹơȇʧȍŔɽˊȶȥʽơɽȶȥơʽɭơƎơƎǫʽơɭʋǫȇʧȍȶȍʠʂʠȟʠ
ȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
%ơȥǫnjȥɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǠǫɢơɭɢȍŔ˖ǫɽɽǫƃơɭɭŔǠǫơƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
- Üriner retansiyon
- þơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔȥơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥ
- ¡ơɽŔȥơʋŔʂǬŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơȍǫǐǫ
- ¡ŔȇɭȶɽȇȶɢǫȇǠơȟŔʋʧɭǫ
- òơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬȥʂǫƎƎơʋȍơȥȟơɽǫ
- ĔɭơȟǫʽơƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥࢎǠǫƎɭȶʠɭơʋơɭȶȥơljɭȶ˖࢏
-ơɭɭŔǠǫ‘ȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
- FȥɽǬȇȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠɭơʋɭȶnjɭŔƎơǿŔȇʠȍŔɽˊȶȥƎʠɭ
ࢎहࠆࠄ࢏
- ‘ŔȥŔȟŔ࡫ơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥ࡫ɭơʋŔȥɽˊȶȥ࡫ǫȟɢȶʋŔȥɽʽơ
ƎŔɭȍǬȇƎǫǐơɭȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- FȥƃǫƎƎǫȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠƎǫɽʋǫȍơ ɽʠȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬȥŔ
ŹŔǐȍǬɽʠơȥʋȶȇɽǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
- %ʠȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥƎŔǠǫɢơɭʽȶȍơȟǫ࡫ǠǫɢȶȥŔʋɭơȟǫ࡫
ŹơˊǫȥɃƎơȟǫ࡫ǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ࡫ȇȶȥljʠ˖ˊȶȥʽơȇȶȟŔ
njɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- èŔƎˊȶljɭơȇŔȥɽʽơŹȍŔɽˊȶȥ
- Hipertermi
- ࠀ߿߿njɭʧɽʋʧɢɭȶɽʋŔʋȍŔɭƎŔŔƇǬȇɢɭȶɽʋŔʋơȇʋȶȟǫ
ʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
- %ơȥǫnjȥáɭȶɽʋŔʋǠǫɢơɭɢȍŔ˖ǫɽǫȥƎơǫɭɭǫʋŔɽˊȶȥŔŹŔǐȍǬ
olarak ȥȶȇʋʧɭǫʽơɢȶȍȍŔȇʧɭǫnjɃɭʧȍȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
- %ʧˊʧȟʧʂɢɭȶɽʋŔʋŹơ˖ǫȥǫȥˊŔɭŔʋʋǬǐǬȶŹɽʋʠɭȇɽǫˊȶȥŔ
ŹŔǐȍǬȶȍŔɭŔȇ ǫƎɭŔɭȇŔȍǫŹɭơɽǫȥƎơʽơ
ɢɭȶǿơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠȥƎŔŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ࡫ǫƎɭŔɭŔŹŔʂȍŔȟƎŔʽơ
ŹǫʋǫɭȟơƎơnjʧƇȍʧȇ࡫ɭơ˖ǫƎʠǫƎɭŔɭʽơʋơɭȟǫȥŔȍ
ƎŔȟȍŔȟŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥǫȍơɭȍơˊơȥƎɃȥơȟǫȥƎơ
njȍȶŹʽơ˖ǫȇŔȍơʽơʋŔʂȟŔǫȥȇȶȥʋǫȥŔȥɽǬȟơˊƎŔȥŔ
njơȍơŹǫȍȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
- qŔɽʋŔˊŔǫȍȇˊŔɢǬȍŔƃŔȇǫʂȍơȟȶȍŔȥɭơȇʋŔȍʋʠʂơƎơ
ơȍŔɽʋǫȇʽơŹʧˊʧȟʧʂɢɭȶɽʋŔʋŹơ˖ǫɢŔȍɢơơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
- þɭŔȥɽɭơȇʋŔȍʠȍʋɭŔɽȶȥȶnjɭŔljǫˊȍơŹǫˊȶɢɽǫŔȍǬȥǬɢ
ʋŔȥǬɽǬȇʠȥʠȍʠɭࡲ
17
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
þFòþƒòþĔ¡Äè•Fèƒ
- FȥɽǬȇɽơȟɢʋȶȟʋơɽʋǫɽǫȥŔǐɭǬɽǬ˖Źʧˊʧȟơɽǫ࡫
- ¡ơʋŔɽʋŔʋǫȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥơȥɽǬȇŹʠȍnjʠɽʠŔǐɭǬࡲ
- FɭȇơȥʋŔȥǬƎŔơȥɽǬȇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥˊɃȥʋơȟčòe
- FȥɽǬȇȇŔɭǬʂŔȥࠀࡲFɢǫƎǫƎǫȟȶȶɭʂǫʋ
ࠁࡲFȥɽǬȇqǫƎɭȶɽơȍ
• òŔǐʋơɽʋǫɽʋȟࢫȍơɭǫɢơɭǫȇŔʽŔȍ࡫ɢơɭȇŔʽŔȍ࡫
ǫȥʋơɭŔȶɭʋŔȇŔʽŔȍˊŔˊǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࡧòȶȍʋơɽʋǫɽʋȟɢŔɭŔȶɭʋǫȇ࡫ɢơɭȶȶɭʋǫȇˊŔˊǬȍǬɭࡲ
FʽɭơȍơȟơࢎèȶˊŔȍ¡ŔɭɽƎơȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭ࢏
- FʽɭơࠀʋơɽʋǫɽơɽǬȥǬɭȍǬ
- FʽɭơࠁʋơɽʋǫɽƎǬʂǬȥŔƇǬȇȟǬʂɭơʋɭȶɢơɭǫʋȶȥơŔȍȍơȥlj
ȥȶƎʠʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠ
- FʽɭơࠂɽʠɢɭŔƎǫˊŔljɭŔȟŔʋǫȇȍơȥljȥȶƎʠʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠ
- FʽɭơࠃǠơȟŔʋȶǿơȥˊŔˊǬȍǬȟ
eF衃¥•þĔ¡Äè•Fè
Seminoma
- q-eˊʧȇɽơȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲࢎहࠆ࢏
- báˊʧȇɽơȍȟơ˖ࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍɢɭǫȟơɭʋơɽʋǫɽʋʧȟɃɭʧƎʧɭࡲ
- ‘ɭǫɢʋȶɭʂǫƎǫ˖ȟƎơơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥʋʧȟɃɭƎʧɭࡲ
- ƒȍơɭǫˊŔʂʋŔnjɃɭʧȍơȥʋǫɢǫɽɢơɭȟȶɽǫʋǫȇɽơȟǫȥȶȟŔƎǬɭࡲ
- FȥɭŔƎˊȶɽơȥɽǫʋǫljʋơɽʋǫɽʋʧȟɃɭʧƎʧɭࡲ
õƟɷʄǨɷʄʠȜȾɧȊƟɧǨࠃࠇ-ࠅࠇ˃ŔɻǩȢƟɧȄƟȄȊƟɧƌƟƟȢɷǩȄɷȲȊǨƌ
tümörüdür.
Fʋˊȶȍȶǿǫ
- FȥɃȥơȟȍǫljŔȇʋɃɭȇɭǫɢʋȶɭʂǫƎǫ˖ȟƎǫɭࡲ
- Kimyasallar
- þɭŔʽȟŔȍȍŔɭ
- eȶȥŔƎŔȍ7ǫɽnjơȥơ˖ǫ
eơɭȟǠʧƃɭơȍǫहࠈࠄ
ࡧòơȟǫȥȶȟࢎहࠂࠄ࢏ࡪFȥɽǬȇŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍʋơɽʋǫɽʋʧȟɃɭʧ
• Embriyonel ǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔȥɽơɭࢎहࠁ߿࢏
ࡧþơɭŔʋȶȟࢎहࠄ࢏
ࡧ‘ȶɭˊȶȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟࢎहࠀ࢏
ࡧ¡ǫȇɽʋǠʧƃɭơȍǫࢎþơɭŔʋȶȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ- हࠃ߿࢏ࡪþơɭŔʋȶȟऋ
Embriyonel kanser
ࡧĵȶȍȇɽŔȇࢎFȥƎȶƎơɭȟŔȍɽǫȥʧɽʋȟ࢏ࡪ1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔơȥ
ɽǬȇʋơɽʋǫɽʋʧȟɃɭʧ
FȟŹɭǫˊȶȥơȍqʧƃɭơȍǫ‘Ŕɭɽǫȥȶȟ
- ǐɭǬɽǬ˖ƎǬɭȍŔɭࡲ
- bá-q-eˊʧȇɽơȍǫɭࡲ
- áŔʋȶȍȶǿǫƎơʋʧŹʧȍơɭ-ɢŔɢǫȍȍơɭˊŔɢǬȍŔɭʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲࡲ
¥ȶȥeơɭȟqʧƃɭơȍǫ
ࡧ•ơˊƎǫnjǠʧƃɭơȍǫʋȟࢎèơǫȥȇơȇɭǫɽʋŔȍȍơɭǫ࢏
ࡧòơɭʋȶli hücreli tm
ࡧeȶȥŔƎȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟࡪeȶȥŔƎŔȍƎǫɽnjơȥơ˖ǫˊơơʂȍǫȇơƎơɭࡲ
ĵȶȍȇòŔƃࢎFȥƎȶƎơɭȟŔȍòǫȥʧɽþʧȟɃɭʧ࢏
-ƒȥljŔȥʋ-ƇȶƃʠȇʋŔơȥɽǬȇʋʧȟɃɭƎʧɭࡲ
- Alfa fetoprotein
- ࠀŔȥʋǫʋǫɭǫɢɽǫȥ
ǫƇơɭǫɭȍơɭࡲ
òƃǠǫȍȍơɭƎʠʽŔȍƃǫɽǫȟȍơɭǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
18
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
Hidrosel
- qǫƎɭȶɽơȍʋŔȥǬȟȶȍŔɭŔȇʋơɽʋǫɽǫɽŔɭŔȥ ʋʠȥǫȇŔ
ʽŔnjǫȥŔȍǫɽˊŔɢɭŔȇȍŔɭǬŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȥȶɭȟŔȍƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔɽǬʽǬ
ŹǫɭǫȇȟơɽǫȥơʽơɭǫȍơȥǫɽǫȟƎǫɭࡲࠃ߿ˊŔʂǬȥƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔɽǬȇ
ɭŔɽʋȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
- FɢǫƎǫƎǫȟǫʋ࡫¶ɭʂǫʋ࡫ʋɭŔʽȟŔʽơɽȇɭȶʋŔȍƃơɭɭŔǠǫˊơ
ɽơȇȶȥƎơɭnjơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- òȇɭȶʋʠȟƎŔʂǫʂȍǫȇʽơŔǐǬɭȍǬȇǠǫɽɽǫǫȍơnjơȍǫɭ࡫ŔǐɭǬ
ȥŔƎǫɭƎǫɭࡲ
- þŔȥǬɽǬɽȇɭȶʋŔȍčòeǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơʋơƎŔʽǫnjơɭơȇʋǫɭȟơ˖ࡲ
‘ȶɭˊȶȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟŔ
- FȥȟŔȍǫnjȥȶȍŔȥq-eˊʧȇɽơȍǫɭࡲ
- -ȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ǬnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
Ī胑¶òF•
- ĪŔɭǫȇȶɽơȍɽɢơɭȟŔʋǫȇȇȶɭƎǫƇǫȥƎơɢȍơȇɽʠɽ
ɢŔȟɢǫȥǫljȶɭȟǫɽǫȥʽŔɭǫȇȶ˖ƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
- ĪŔɭǫȇȶɽơȍnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơहࠈࠄʋơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬɽȶȍƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
- eơȥơȍƎơŔɽơȟʋȶȟŔʋǫȇʋǫɭʽơǫȥljơɭʋǫȍǫʋơȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơ
ʋơʋȇǫȇơƎǫȍơȥȍơɭƎơȟʠŔˊơȥơƎơɽŔɢʋŔȥǬɭࡲ
- þŔȥǬɽǬ ɽȇɭȶʋŔȍƎȶɢɢȍơɭčòeǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫɽǫƃơɭɭŔǠǫȶȍŔɭŔȇʽŔɭǫȇȶ˖ʽơȥȍơɭǫȥ
ŹŔǐȍŔȥȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
- òơȟơȥŔȥŔȍǫ˖ǫȥƎơnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơȟȶȍǫʋơˊǫŹȶ˖Ŕɭʽơ
ƃơɭɭŔǠǫǫȍơơȥƇȶȇƎʧ˖ơȍơȥɢŔɭŔȟơʋɭơȟȶȍǫʋơƎǫɭࡲ
NON-eơɭȟǫȥŔȍþʧȟɃɭȍơɭ
- òơɭʋȶȍǫǠʧƃɭơȍǫʋʧȟɃɭࡪ chorko-bötcher cisimleri
ǫƇơɭǫɭࡲ
- •ơˊƎǫnjǠʧƃɭơȍǫʋʧȟɃɭࢎqǫȍʠɽǠʧƃɭơȍǫ࢏ࡪ
Jinekomasti-ɢʠŹơɭʋơɢɭơȇȶȇɽऋèơǫȥȇơȇɭǫɽʋŔȍȍơɭǫ
ࢎơȥɽǬȇȥȶȥnjơɭȟǠʧƃɭơȍǫʋȟ࢏
- FȥɽǬȇɽȶȍǫƎȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ɢɭȶɽʋŔʋʋŔȥ࡫Ǝǫǐơɭ
ȍơȥljȶȟŔƎŔȥȶȍʠɭࡲ
ĪŔɭǫȇȶɽơȍþŔȥǬɽǬ‘ȶȥʠȍŔȥqŔɽʋŔƎŔþơƎŔʽǫ
FȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ò‘è¶þč¡qòþ•z‘•èz
ࠀ࢏ĪŔɭǫȇȶɽơȍǫȥ ɢŔȍɢŔŹȍȶȍȟŔɽǬ࡫
ࠁ࢏1ǫljʋǫȥŹǫȍǫȥơȥǫȥljơɭʋǫȍǫʋơɽǫȥǫȥŹʠȍʠȥȟŔɽǬ࡫
ࠂ࢏‘ŔƎǬȥɢŔɭʋȥơɭǫȥljơɭʋǫȍǫʋơɽǫȥǫȥȥȶɭȟŔȍȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ʽơˊŔɢȶʋŔȥɽǫˊơȍȶȍŔɭŔȇƎʧ˖ơȍʋǫȍơŹǫȍơƃơȇŹǫɭ
ǫȥljơɭʋǫȍǫʋơȥơƎơȥǫȥǫȥŹʠȍʠȥȟŔɽǬ࡫
ࠃ࢏FɭȇơȇɢŔɭʋȥơɭǫȥŹǫɭʽơˊŔƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔŔȥȶɭȟŔȍ
semen parametreleri ࢎɽɢơɭȟɽŔˊǬ࡫ȟȶʋǫȍǫʋơʽơˊŔ
ȟȶɭljȶȍȶǿǫƎơŹȶ˖ʠȍȟŔ࢏ʽơˊŔɽɢơɭȟljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥ
ʋơɽʋȍơɭǫȥơɽŔǠǫɢȶȍȟŔɽǬࡲ
19
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
¥ȶɭȟŔȍ¥áþ-èþơɽʋǫ‘ɭǫʋơɭȍơɭǫࡪ
- eơƃơŹŔʂǬȥŔơɭơȇɽǫˊȶȥɽŔˊǬɽǬȥǬȥƎɃɭʋʽơˊŔŹơʂ
ȶȍȟŔɽǬࢎnjʧȥƃơȍŹŔ˖ǬƇŔȍǬʂȟŔȍŔɭŔnjɃɭơŹǫɭƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔ࢏
- ¶ɭʋȶȍŔȟŔơɭơȇɽǫˊȶȥɽʧɭơɽǫȥǫȥࠀࠄ-ࠂ߿ƎŔȇǫȇŔƎŔȥ
ʠ˖ʠȥȶȍȟŔɽǬ࡫
- áơȥǫɽƇơʽɭơɽǫɃȍƇʧȟʧȥƎơȇɃȇʋơȥŔȍǬȥŔȥ
ɃȍƇʧȟȍơɭƎơơȥŔ˖ࠂƃȟࢫȍǫȇ࡫ʠƇʋŔȥŔȍǬȥŔȥ
ɃȍƇʧȟȍơɭƎơǫɽơơȥ Ŕ˖ࠁƃȟࢫȍǫȇŔɭʋǬʂȶȍȟŔɽǬ࡫
- qơȟȇɃȇǠơȟƎơʠƇʋŔɃȍƇʧȍơȥȟŔȇɽǫȟʠȟ
ɭǫǿǫƎǫʋơȥǫȥहࠆ߿ࢫǫȥʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơȶȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ¶ɭnjŔȥǫȇȥơƎơȥȍơɭŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔơȥɽǬȇƎǫˊŔŹơʋʽơ
ǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥnjơȍǫɭࡲ7ǫˊŔŹơʋɢơɭǫljơɭǫȇȥɃɭȶɢŔʋǫƎơ
ˊŔɢŔɭŔȇȥɃɭȶǿơȥʠˊŔɭǬȍŔɭǬŹȶ˖Ŕɭࡲ
ࡧáɭȶɽʋŔʋƃơɭɭŔǠǫɽǫ njơƇǫɭơȥȍơɭƎơƎơǫȟɢȶʋŔȥɽ
njơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧþŔȥǬƎŔɢơȥǫȍƎȶɢɢȍơɭčòeʽơȇŔʽơɭȥȶɽȶnjɭŔljǫǫȍơ
ʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭŔɭŔʂʋǬɭǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧþǫɢࠄljȶɽljȶƎǫơɽʋơɭŔ˖ơȥ˖ǫȟǫƃe¡áࢫˊǫˊǬȇŔɭʽơ
ɽǫȍƎơȥŔljǫȍɽǫʋɭŔʋŹʠơȥ˖ǫȟǫˊǬȇŔɭŔȇǠʧƃɭơǫƇǫƃe¡á
ȇȶȥɽŔȥʋɭŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥǬȥˊʧȇɽơȇƎʧ˖ơˊƎơȶȍȟŔɽǬȥǬ
ɽŔǐȍŔɭࡲFȥƇȶȇʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍơȥŔǿŔȥƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧþŔƎŔȍŔljǫȍࢎ-ǫŔȍǫɽ࢏࡫ĪŔɭƎơȥŔljǫȍƎŔǠŔʠ˖ʠȥơʋȇǫȍǫ
ɢɭơɢŔɭŔʋȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ‘Ŕʽơɭȥȶ˖ƎȶȇʠǫƇǫȥơɢŔɢŔʽơɭǫȥˊŔƎŔáeFࠀ
ࢎȍɢɭȶɽʋŔƎǫȍ࢏ơȥǿơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠʋŔȥǬʽơʋơƎŔʽǫƎơ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
áF¥ƒòqòþ•z‘•èz
Fɭơȇʋǫȍ7ǫɽljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥ
- FɭơȇɽǫˊȶȥȶȍʠʂȟŔɽǬǫƇǫȥɢơȥǫɽơŔɭʋơɭˊơȍȇŔȥǬȥ
ɢȶȟɢŔȍŔȥȟŔɽǬ࡫ʽơȥɃ˖ƎȶȍŔʂǬȟǬȥʋŔȟŔȟơȥ
ƎʠɭȟŔɽǬʽơʋʠȥǫȇŔŔȍŹʠnjǫȥơŔʽơȥȍơɭǫȥǫȥʋŔȟŔȟơȥ
ɽǬȇǬʂȟŔɽǬnjơɭơȇȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
- FɭơȇɽǫˊȶȥɢŔɭŔɽơȟɢŔʋǫȇ࡫ơǿŔȇʠȍŔɽˊȶȥɽơȟɢŔʋǫȇ
ʠˊŔɭǬǫȍơȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
- áɽǫȇȶǿơȥǫȇ-ȶɭnjŔȥǫȇŔˊɭǬȟǬȥǬˊŔɢȟŔƎŔ
¥áþࢎȥȶȇʋʠɭȥŔȍ-penil-ʋʠȟơɽŔȥɽ࢏ʋơɽʋǫɃȥơȟȍǫƎǫɭ
Diyabet
òǫɽʋơȟǫȇ
qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭ
Hipertansiyon
Koroner Arter qŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
‘ɭȶȥǫȇ%ɃŹɭơȇĵơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫ
áFĵ趥ƒFqòþ•zhz
‘ɭȶȥǫȇ‘ŔɭŔƃǫǐơɭĵơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫ
òơɭơŹɭȶʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭqŔɽʋŔȍǬȇ
¥Ƀɭȶȍȶǿǫȇ
qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭ
¡ʠȍʋǫɢȍòȇȍơɭȶ˖
áŔɭȇǫȥɽȶȥ
ȍ˖ǠơȟǫȟơɭqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
Hipertiroidizm
FȥƎȶȇɭǫȥ
qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭ
Hipotiroidizm
qǫɢȶnjȶȥŔƎǫ˖ȟ
Hiperprolaktinemi
qǫɢơɭɃɽʋɭȶǿơȥǫ˖ȟ
áơˊɭȶȥǫơqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
áơȥǫȍbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭ
áȶɽʋɢɭǫŔɢǫɽȟ
Īơȥȶȶȇʠ˖ǫʽ7ǫɽljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥ
áɽǫȇǫˊŔʋɭǫȇ
qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭ
- ‘ŔɭɢʠɽȇŔʽơɭȥȶ˖ʠȟƇơʽɭơɽǫȥƎơʋʠȥǫȇŔŔȍŹʠnjǫȥơŔ
ʋŔŹŔȇŔɽǬȥƎŔȇȶȍȍŔǿơȥŹǫɭǫȇǫȟǫȥơŹŔǐȍǬɢơȥǫɽʋơŔǐɭǬ
ʽơƎơljȶɭȟǫʋơˊȍơȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- þࡲȍŹʠnjǫȥơŔȥǬȥǠŔɭơȇơʋȇŔŹǫȍǫˊơʋǫȥǫŹȶ˖ŔɭŔȇʽơ
ʽơȥȍơɭǫɽǬȇǬʂʋǬɭȟŔɽǬȥǬɃȥȍơɭʽơơɭơȇɽǫˊȶȥȇʠɽʠɭʠȥŔ
ȥơƎơȥȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- Geneli ǫƎǫȶɢŔʋǫȇȶȍʠɢࠃ߿-ࠆ߿ˊŔʂŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- 7ʠɢʠˊʋɭơȥȇȶȥʋɭŔȇʋʧɭʧǫȍơˊŔȇǬȥƎŔȥǫȍǫȇǫȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
Depresyon
ĵŔʂȍǬȍǬȇ
7ǫǐơɭ
Hiperlipidemi
÷ǫʂȟŔȥȍǬȇ
òǫnjŔɭŔ
20
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ࡧFɭơȇɽǫˊȶȥƎŔŔǐɭǬ࡫ɢơȥǫɽʋơơǐɭǫȍǫȇʽơŹŔ˖ơȥȶȍʠʂŔȥ
ljǫŹɭȶ˖ǫɽơŹŔǐȍǬɢơȥǫɽʋơơȍơnjơȍơȥɽơɭʋȇǫʋȍơơȥƇȶȇ
ȇŔɭʂǬȍŔʂǬȍŔȥŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧþŔȥǬɽǬɢơȥǫȍƎȶɢɢȍơɭčòeǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ŔȍɽǫˊʠȟȇŔȥŔȍŹȍȶȇɃɭȍơɭǫ࡫ɢȍŔȇǫƇǫȥơɽʋơɭȶǫƎʽơ
þŔȟȶȇɽǫljơȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧáȍŔǐǬȥǫȥɽǫ˖ˊȶȥʠ࡫ơȇɽǫ˖ˊȶȥʠʽơƎȶȇʠnjɭơljʋǫ
ʠˊnjʠȍŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
òȶɭʠ
ࠀ࢏%ơȥǫnjȥɢɭȶɽʋŔʋǠǫɢơɭɢȍŔ˖ǫɽǫʋŔȥǬɽǬȇȶȥȟʠʂ
ŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔƎŔ࡫ŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫɃȥƃơȍǫȇle
ƃơɭɭŔǠǫʋơƎŔʽǫˊǫnjơɭơȇʋǫɭǫɭࡳ
࢏áɭȶɽʋŔʋʽȶȍʠȟʠȥʠȥࠅ߿ƃƃࢫƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔȶȍȟŔɽǬ
%࢏ƒʂơȟơɽȶȥɭŔɽǬȟơɽŔȥơƎơ ࠀ߿߿ƃƃࢫƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔ
ǫƎɭŔɭȇŔȍȟŔɽǬ
-࢏%ǫɭȇơ˖ŔȇʠʋǫƎɭŔɭɭơʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥʠȶȍʠʂȟŔɽǬ
7࢏qŔɽʋŔȍǬǐŔɽơȇȶȥƎơɭɭơȇʧɭɭơȥnjɭȶɽɽǠơȟŔʋʧɭǫ
ʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ
F࢏áɭȶɽʋŔʋɽơȟɢʋȶȟɽȇȶɭʠȥʠȥࠁ߿ࢫȥǫȥʧ˖ơrinde
ȶȍȟŔɽǬ
21
Küçük Stajlar | 2. Çocuk Cerrahisi
Çocuk
Cerrahisi
22
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
2. Ƕ-č‘-Fèèqƒòƒ
ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥƎŔòȶȍʠȥʠȟòǬȇǬȥʋǬɽǬ
- Koanal atrezi
- ‘ȶŔȥŔȍŔʋɭơ˖ǫहࠅ߿ʠȥǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍƎǫɭࡲþǬȇŔȍǬʋŔɭŔljʋŔ
ɽʧɭơȇȍǫŔȇǬȥʋǬȶȍʠɭࡲ
- ǐȍŔƎǬǐǬȥƎŔȟȶɭŔɭȟŔȥǬȥƎʧ˖ơȍȟơɽǫʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
- %ǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍȇȶŔȥŔȍŔʋɭơ˖ǫƎơ ɽŔƎơƃơŔǐǬ˖ŔƇǬȇȇơȥ
ɽȶȍʠˊŔŹǫȍǫɭ࡫ŔǐȍŔˊǬȥƃŔƎʧ˖ơȍǫɭȍơɭࡲ
ˊǬɭǬƃǬʋŔȥǬ
ࡧȇƃǫǐơɭȍơɭǫȥȇȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍȇǫɽʋǫȇǠࡲ
ࡧòʋŔljǫȍȶȇȶȇȇŔȍȇǫɽʋȍơɭ
ࡧ•ȶȇʠȍơɢȥɃȟȶʋǠȶɭŔȇɽ
ࡧȇƃǫǐơɭǠŔȟŔɭʋȶȟʠ
ࡧ7ǫŔljɭŔnjȟŔơʽơȥʋɭŔɽˊȶȥʠ
þơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧȇƃǫǐơɭɽʧɭơȇȍǫƎǫȥȍơȥȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧbǬʋǬȇŹʠȍʠȥŔȥʋŔɭŔljŔˊŔʋǬɭǬȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ-ơɭɭŔǠǫʋơƎŔʽǫʂŔɭʋʋǬɭࡲ
ࡧáɭȶnjȥȶ˖ʠơɽŔɽȶȍŔɭŔȇŔȇƃǫǐơɭǠǫɢȶɢȍŔ˖ǫɽǫŹơȍǫɭȍơɭࡲ
ࡧƒȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠŔȟơȍǫˊŔʋŹơɽȍơȥȟơnjŔɽʋɭȶɽʋȶȟǫɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
áǫơɭɭơèȶŹǫȥòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
- ȍʋƇơȥơǠǫɢȶɢȍŔ˖ǫɽǫ
- ¡Ŕȇɭȶnjȍȶɽɽǫ
- ĵŔɭǬȇƎŔȟŔȇ
- qǬɭǬȍʋǬ࡫ʋŔʂǫɢȥơ࡫
ɽǫˊȶȥŔ˖࡫ɽʋɭǫƎȶɭnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ%ơŹơȇɽǬɭʋʧɽʋʧˊŔʋŔɭȇơȥ࡫
ƎǫȍnjơɭǫˊơȇŔƇŔɭŔȇɽȶȍʠȥʠȟnjʧƇȍơʂʋǫɭǫɭࡲ
Konjenital diyafragma hernisinde prognozda kan
NJŔˏǩ࡬ɧŔƌ˃ȲȊȲǼǨȄŸʙȊNJʙȊŔɧʶƟʶƟȢʄǨȊŔɷ˃ȲȢࡸɝƟɧLJʠˏ˃ȲȢ
sintigrafisi önemlidir.
‘ȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍ7ǫˊŔljɭŔȟqơɭȥǫɽǫ
7ǫˊŔljljɭŔnjȟŔFʽơȥʋɭŔɽˊȶȥʠ
- %ŔǐǬɭɽŔȇȍŔɭǬȥơɭȇơȥƎɃʧȥʧʂʧǫȍơƎǫˊŔljɭŔnjȟŔʋŔȟ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇnjơȍǫʂǫȟǫȥǫʋŔȟŔȟȍŔˊŔȟŔ˖ʽơ
ɢȍơʽɭȶɢơɭǫʋȶȥơŔȍȇŔȥŔȍŔƇǬȇȇŔȍǬɭࡲ¡ȶɭʋŔȍǫʋơɽǫ
ȶȍƎʠȇƇŔˊʧȇɽơȇŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- ĪŔȇŔȍŔɭǬȥʋʧȟʧȥơˊŔȇǬȥǬȥƎŔ%ȶƃǠƎŔȍơȇǠơɭȥǫɽǫ
ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- 7ǫˊŔljɭŔnjȟŔơʽơȥʋɭŔɽˊȶȥʠȟʠɽȇʠȍơɭʋŔŹŔȇŔɽǬǫˊǫ
njơȍǫʂȟơȟǫʂƎǫˊŔljɭŔnjȟŔȥǬȥʋŔȟŔȟǬȥǬȥˊŔƎŔŹǫɭ
ŹɃȍʧȟʧȥʧȥȥȶɭȟŔȍƎơȥˊʧȇɽơȇȶȍȟŔɽǬʽơʋȶɭȶȇɽŔ
ƎȶǐɭʠȇʠŹŹơȍơʂȟơɽǫȥơʽơɭǫȍơȥǫɽǫȟƎǫɭࡲ
- ‘ŔɽȍŔɭǬȥˊơʋơɭɽǫ˖njơȍǫʂǫȟǫȥơŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠɢɽŔǐ
ŔȥʋơɭȶȟơƎǫŔȍƎơɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- qŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥȇȍǫȥǫǐǫȥƎơȶɽȍʠȥʠȟɽǬȇǬȥʋǬɽǬʽơ
ɢŔɭŔƎȶȇɽǫȇƎǫˊŔljɭŔnjȟŔǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
%ȶƃǠƎŔȍơȇqơɭȥǫɽǫࢎ%98)
- ‘ŔɭǬȥǫƇǫȶɭnjŔȥȍŔɭǬƎǫljɭŔnjȟŔȥǬȥɽȶȍŔɭȇŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫ
ŔƇȍǬȇʋŔȥnjɃǐʧɽơnjơƇơɭࡲ‘ŔɭǬȥǫƇǫȶɭnjŔȥȍŔɭƎŔȥnjɃǐʧɽ
ŹȶʂȍʠǐʠȥŔơȥƇȶȇnjơƇơȥǫȥƃơŹŔɭɽŔȇȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- qơɭȥǫȶȍŔȥʋŔɭŔljʋŔŔȇƃǫǐơɭȍơɭɽȶȍʠȥʠȟŔŔ˖ȇŔʋǬȍǬɭࡲ
‘ŔɭǬȥƇɃȇʧȇnjɃɭʧȥʧȟƎơȶȍʠɢ7‘eࢫƎơnjɃǐʧɽ
ȇŔljơɽǫȥƎơŹŔɭɽŔȇŔȥɽȍŔɭǬnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ‘ŔƎǬȥȍŔɭƎŔǫȇǫ
ȇŔʋƎŔǠŔɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
23
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ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫnjɃǐʧɽʋʧɢʧʋŔȇǬȍǬɢɽʠŔȍʋǬƎɭơȥŔǿǬ
ˊŔɢǬȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
- bɭơȥǫȇɽǫȥǫɭljơȍƃǫȥơŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠȥƃŔɽŔǐʋŔɭŔljʋŔɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- ¡ŔȇŔƎ˖ȶɭƎȶǐʠȟȍŔŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơȍǫǐǫʠǬȥʠʋʠȍȟŔȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
- òȶȍʋŔɭŔljʋŔƎŔǠŔƇȶȇʋȶʋŔȍơʽơȥʋɭŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ɽŔǐƎŔǫɽơ
ɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍơʽơȥʋɭŔɽˊȶȥʂơȇȍǫȥƎơnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
áȥɃȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽʋŔȟơȍǫˊŔʋƒȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
- qŔʽŔȇŔƇŔǐǬȥǬȥࠅnjʧȥƎơȥʠ˖ʠȥɽʧɭȟơɽǫ– ŔˊȥǬ
ʋŔɭŔljʋŔǫȇǫȥƃǫȇơ˖ɢȥɃȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽ࡫
- 7ŔǠŔɃȥƃơnjơƇǫɭǫȍȟǫʂȇȶȥʋɭŔȍŔʋơɭŔȍ
ɢȥɃȶȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽ– 7ŔȍnjǬƇˊŔƎŔɢǫȍȶʋȍŔɭƎŔȇǫǫȍȇ
ɢȥɃȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽ࡫
- òơȥȇɭȶȥŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍɢȥɃȶȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽ
- áȥɃȟȶȥơȇʋȟǫnjơƇǫɭȟǫʂǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭ
- þŔȟʋơʂơȇȇʧȍȍʧȟơɭȇơ˖ơʠ˖ŔȇŹǫɭˊơɭƎơˊŔʂŔˊŔȥ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭ
-ơɭɭŔǠǫơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
- áŔɭŔƎȶȇɽǫȇƎǫŔljɭŔnjȟŔǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫ
- òȶȍʠȥʠȟɽǬȇǬȥʋǬɽǬ
- òǬȇʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔȥɽȶȍʠȥʠȟˊȶȍʠơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
á¥Ä¡¶þ¶è‘ò
áȍơʽɭŔȍ ˊŔɢɭŔȇȍŔɭŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫǠŔʽŔŔȇƃǫǐơɭ
ǠŔʽŔȍŔȥȟŔɽǬȥǬŹȶ˖ŔɭࡲĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥȍŔɭƎŔƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭʽơƇȶǐʠɽơȟɢʋȶȟʽơɭȟơƎơȥǫˊǫȍơʂǫɭࡲ
áȥɃȟơƎǫŔɽʋǫȥʠȟ
- áȥɃȶȟȶȟơƎǫŔɽʋǫȥʠȟȇŔʽŔȍȶŹɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥŔ
ȥơƎơȥȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲĵŔȥnjɭŔljǫƎơɽʋơɭȥʠȟʠȥŔɭŔȇɽǬȥƎŔ
ǠŔʽŔȇŔŹŔɭƃǬȇȍŔɭǬȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫɽʋǫȇɃ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫƎǫɭࡲ
- 2-ࠂࡲƒȥʋơɭȇȶɽʋŔȍŔɭŔȍǬȇʋŔȥˊŔɢǬȍŔȥŔɽɢǫɭŔɽˊȶȥ
ǠŔˊŔʋȇʠɭʋŔɭǬƃǬƎǬɭࡲòȶȥɭŔŔɢǫȇŔȍnjɃǐʧɽʋʧɢʧǫȍơɽʠ
ŔȍʋǬƎɭơȥŔǿǬˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥǬȥ•ȶŹŔɭȟljǫ˖ơȟǫ
- ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥȍȶŹŔɭŔȟljǫ˖ơȟǫɽǬȇȍǬȇȍŔɽȶȍʧɽʋ࡫ɽŔǐ
ȶɭʋŔʽơʧɽʋȍȶŹȍŔɭƎŔƎǬɭࡲþȶɭȶȇȶʋȶȟǫʽơȍȶŹơȇʋȶȟǫ
ˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲþơƎŔʽǫơƎǫȍȟơ˖ɽơȟȶɭʋŔȍǫʋơहࠄ߿ࢫƎǫɭࡲ
áȥɃȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽèǫɽȇbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫ
- bơʋŔȍƎǫɽʋɭơɽɽʽơƎȶǐʠȟʋɭŔʽȟŔɽǬ
- ¡ơȇŔȥǫȇĪơȥʋǫȍŔɽˊȶȥ
- qǫɢȶɢȍŔ˖ǫȇȇƃǫǐơɭ
- Ä˖ơljŔnjʠɽɭʧɢʋʧɭʧ
- òʋŔljǫȍȶȇȶȇáȥɃȟȶȥǫɽǫ
%ɭȶȥȇȶǿơȥǫȇ‘ǫɽʋ
- òȶȍʠȥʠȟɽǬȇǬȥʋǬɽǬ࡫ƎǫɽljŔǿǫˊŔɢŔɭࡲèŔƎˊȶnjɭŔljǫƎơࡷ
ȟơƎǫŔɽʋơȥƎơȇǫʋȍơʽơʋɭŔȇơŔǠŔʽŔɽʧʋʧȥʠȥƎŔ
ǫʋǫȍȟơnjɃ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
- òȶȍʠȥʠȟɽǬȇǬȥʋǬɽǬŹʠȍʠȥŔȥƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭƎŔ࡫ŔˊǬɭǬƃǬ
ʋŔȥǬƎŔơȥƎơǐơɭȍǫŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬŔȇƃǫǐơɭɭŔƎˊȶnjɭŔljǫɽǫ
ʽơɭȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧáȥɃȶȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽȶȍŔȥʋŔɭŔljʋŔǠǫɢơɭɽȶȥŔɭǫʋơʽơ
ŔȇƃǫǐơɭɽơɽȍơɭǫȥƎơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ࡧ•ơ˖ˊȶȥʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔǠǫȍʠɽʋŔ࡫ȇŔȍȍŔŹơŔȇƃǫǐơɭ
njɃ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ‘ŔŹʠɭnjŔȍŔɭŔɭŔɽǬŔƇǬȇȍǬǐǬȥƎŔŔɭʋȟŔ
njɃ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
24
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࡧFȥɽǬȇezòŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭǫnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡪ¡ŔȍɭȶʋŔɽˊȶȥʽơ
Nonrotasyon
ࡧF¡eȥȶȟŔȍǫɽǫࡪFˉȶȟljŔȍȶɽ– ¡Ŕȇɭȶnjȍȶɽɽǫ–
eǫnjŔȥʋǫ˖ȟ
ࡧ7ȶȍŔʂǬȟɽǫɽʋơȟǫࡪbŔȍȍȶʋʋơʋɭŔȍȶǿǫɽǫࢎþ¶b࢏
ࡧ-ŔȥʋɭơȍʋơʋɭŔȍȶǿǫɽǫࡪòʋơɭȥŔȍƃȍơljʋ࡫ȇŔɭƎǫˊŔȇ
ŔȥȶȟŔȍǫ࡫ƎǫˊŔljɭŔȟǠơɭȥǫɽǫ࡫ơȇɽʋȶɢǫŔƃȶɭƎǫɽࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇezòŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭǫnjɃɭʧȍʧɭʽơŹʠȥȍŔɭƎŔȥơȥ
ɽǬȇȟŔȍɭȶʋŔɽˊȶȥ– ȥȶȥɭȶʋŔɽˊȶȥnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- %ơƃȇˁǫʋǠ-ˁǫơƎơȟŔȥʽơF¡eࢎơˉŔȟljŔȍȶɽ࡫
ȟŔȇɭȶnjȍȶɽɽǫ࡫njǫnjŔȥʋǫ˖ȟ࢏ɽơȥƎɭȶȟȍŔɭǬȥƎŔɽǬȇ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- %ʠƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭȟʠʋȍŔȇŔǠǫɢȶnjȍǫɽơȟǫ ŔƇǬɽǬȥƎŔȥˊŔȇǬȥ
ʋŔȇǫŹơŔȍǬȥȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪࠄƃȟŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȶȍŔȥȍŔɭɢɭǫȟơɭȇŔɢŔʋǬȍǬɭ࡫ƎŔǠŔ
ʧɽʋʧȥƎơȶȍŔȥŔȍɭȇŔɭǬȥǫƇǫŹŔɽǬȥƃǬŹǫɭƎơȥŔɭʋʋǬɭȟŔȇ
ǫƇǫȥˊŔʽŔʂˊŔʽŔʂȇŔɢŔʋǬȍǬɭࡲ
eÄ%F‘¥¶¡•ƒ•Fèƒ
¶ȟljŔȍȶɽơȍࢎơˉȶȟljŔȍȶɽ࢏
- òǬȇȍǬȇࠀࡸࠂ߿߿߿-ࠄ߿߿߿ࡲ7ʧʂʧȇƎȶǐʠȟŔǐǬɭȍǬȇȍǬʽơ
ɢɭơȟŔʋʧɭơȍơɭƎơɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- हࠃ߿ʽŔȇŔƎŔɢȶȍǫǠǫƎɭŔȟȥǫȶɽʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- áŔʋȶnjơȥơ˖ࡷ¶ɭʋŔŹŔǐǬɭɽŔǐǬȥࠀ߿-ࠀࠁࡲqŔljʋŔȍŔɭƎŔ
ơˉʋɭŔơȟŹɭǫˊȶȥǫȇȇɃȍȶȟƎŔȥ ȇŔɭǬȥŹȶʂȍʠǐʠȥŔ
ƎɃȥơȟơȟơɽǫǫȍơȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
- ‘ȍǫȥǫȇࡪ¶ɭʋŔǠŔʋʋŔʂơljljŔljˊʠȟʠʂŔȇŹǫɭȇơɽơʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- ‘ơɽơʽǫɽơɭŔȍɢơɭǫʋȶȥʽơŔȟȥǫȶʋǫȇ˖ŔɭƎŔȥȟȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
- हࠆ߿ʽŔȇŔƎŔơȇŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
°ɧʄŔǝŔʄʄŔɻƟLJLJŔLJʶƟ˃ʙȜʙɻŔȄŸǨɧȄƟɷƟʶŔɧƌǩɧࡲࠄࠆ
ɷŔŔʄɷȲȢɧŔȜŔʄȊŔɻǩɧࡲŽƟɷƟʶǨɷƟɧŔȊɝƟɧǨʄȲȢʶƟ
ŔȜȢǨȲʄǨȄˏŔɧƌŔȢȲȊʙɻʙɧࡲ
25
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eŔɽʋɭȶʂǫ˖ǫɽ
¶ȟljŔȍȶɽơȍʽơeŔɽʋɭȶʂǫ˖ǫɽɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫ‘ȍǫȥǫȇ
bŔɭȇȍǬȍǬȇȍŔɭ
òǬȇȍǬȇࡪࠀࡸࠇ߿߿߿-20.000
7ʧʂʧȇƎȶǐʠȟŔǐǬɭȍǬȇȍǬʽơɢɭơȟŔʋʧɭơȍơɭƎơɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
¶ȟljŔȍȶɽơȍ
eŔʋɭȶʂǫ˖ǫɽ
•ȶȇŔȍǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥ
eɃŹơȇǠŔȍȇŔɽǬ
eɃŹơǐǫȥ
ƎǬʂǬȥƎŔ
bŔɽˊŔȍ7ơljơȇʋ
4 - ࠀ߿ƃȟ
ࠃƃȟࢫƎơȥȇʧƇʧȇ
- FȇŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭƇȶȇ ɽơˊɭơȇȶȍʠɢơȥɽǬȇŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơȍǫȇ
ǿơǿʠȥȶǫȍơŔȍŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭǫȍơnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- ȟȥǫȶȥɽǬʽǬɽǬȥŔɢơɭǫʋȶȥˊʧ˖ơˊǫȥƎơȥƇȶȇljŔ˖ȍŔ
ɢɭȶʋơǫȥȇŔˊŹǬȶȍŔƃŔǐǬȶȥƎŔȥnjŔɽʋɭȶʂǫ˖ǫɽȍǫʽơ
ǬȥʋɭŔʠʋơɭǫȥˊǬɭʋǬȍȟǬʂŔȟljŔȍȶɽơȍȍǫǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔȇŔȥ
ɢɭȶʋơǫȥƎʧ˖ơˊǫƇȶȇɃȥơȟȍǫƎǫɭ࡫ŔȍŹʧȟǫȥŔ˖ŔȍȟǬʂʋǬɭ.
‘ơɽơ
ĪŔɭƎǬɭ ࢎɭʧɢʋʧɭơ
ȶȍȟʠʂȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ࢏
ĵȶȇࢎȇŔȍǬȥʋǬɽǬƎŔ
ˊȶȇ࢏
‘ȶɭƎǫȥ7ʠɭʠȟʠ
Kesenin
ʋơɢơɽǫȥƎơ
¥ȶɭȟŔȍˊơɭǫȥƎơ
qǫɢȶʋơɭȟȟǫʽơɢɭȶʋơǫȥȇŔˊŹǬŔƇǬɽǬȥƎŔȥƎǫȇȇŔʋȍǫ
ȶȍʠȥȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
%ŔɭɽŔȇȍŔɭǬȥ
eɃɭʧȥʧȟʧ
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ȥȶɭȟŔȍ
ࢎɢɭơȥŔʋŔȍ
ɭʧɢʋʧɭǠŔɭǫƇ࢏
ÄƎơȟȍǫ࡫
ơȇɽʠƎŔȍǬʽơ
ƎʠʽŔɭǬ
ȇŔȍǬȥȍŔʂȟǬʂ
áŔʋȶnjơȥơ˖ࡪȟȥǫȶȥ˖ŔɭǬȥǬȥࠄ-ࠀ߿ࡲqŔljʋŔȍŔɭƎŔ
ˊǬɭʋǬȍȟŔɽǬɽȶȥʠƃʠȶȍʠʂʋʠǐʠƎʧʂʧȥʧȍȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
‘ȍǫȥǫȇࡪeɃŹơȇȥȶɭȟŔȍˊơɭǫȥƎơƎǫɭʽơȟǫƎơʽơ
ŹŔǐǬɭɽŔȇȍŔɭnjɃŹơǐǫȥɽŔǐŔȍʋˊŔȥǬȥƎŔȇǫŔƇǬȇȍǬȇʋŔȥ
ơȇɽɢȶ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ%ŔɭɽŔȇȍŔɭŔɽơɢʋǫȇljơʋŔȍɢơɭǫʋȶȥǫʋơ
ȇŔȍǬȥȍŔʂȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
¶ȟljŔȍȶɽơȍʽơeŔɽʋɭȶʂǫ˖ǫɽ ɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫ‘ȍǫȥǫȇ
bŔɭȇȍǬȍǬȇȍŔɭ
ࡧFȇŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȥŔƎǫɭƎǫɭࡲFȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ
ezòǫȍơǫȍnjǫȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧqǫɢȶʋơɭȟǫʽơȇŔȥɢɭȶʋơǫȥǫȇŔˊŹǬŔƇǬɽǬȥƎŔȥ
ƎǫȇȇŔʋȍǫȶȍʠȥȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ%ŔɭɽŔȇȍŔɭŔȟơȍǫˊŔʋʋŔˊǬȇŔȥǬɭʽơŹȶʂŔȍʋǬȍǬɭࡲ
CiȍʋŔƇǬȇȍǬǐǬnjơȥǫʂȍơʋǫȍƎǫȇʋơȥɽȶȥɭŔȶɭnjŔȥȍŔɭ
ŔŹƎȶȟơȥơȇȶȥʠɭʽơƃǫȍʋȇŔɢŔʋǬȍǬɭࡲ
26
¶ȟljŔȍȶɽơȍ
eŔʋɭȶʂǫ˖ǫɽ
‘ŔɭŔƃǫǐơɭ
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Ender.
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ĪŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ĪŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ŹƎȶȟǫȥŔȍ
‘Ŕʽǫʋơ
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eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơ
ȥȶɭȟŔȍࡲ
%ǫɭȍǫȇʋơ
ȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ
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Ender.
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Ender.
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Ender.
¶ȍƎʠȇƇŔɽǬȇࡲ
%ǫɭȍǫȇʋơ
ȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ
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Ender.
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
Ä˖ơljŔnjʠɽʋɭơ˖ǫɽǫʽơþɭŔȇơŔɃ˖ơljŔnjǫŔȍbǫɽʋʧȍ
ࡧþɭŔȇơŔʽơɃ˖ơljŔnjʠɽnjơȍǫʂǫȟǫǫȥʋɭŔʠʋơɭǫȥࠃ-5
ǠŔljʋŔȍŔɭƎŔnjơɭƇơȇȍơʂǫɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇnjɃ˖ȍơȥơȥʋǫɢ࡫ɢɭȶȇɽǫȟŔȍɃ˖ơljŔnjǫŔȍŔʋɭơ˖ǫʽơ
ƎǫɽʋŔȍʋɭŔȇơŔɃ˖ơljŔnjơŔȍljǫɽʋʧȍŹʠȍʠȥȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧĵŔɭǬƎŔȥljŔ˖ȍŔʽŔȇŔƎŔơȇŹǫɭŔȥȶȟŔȍǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧĪŔʋơɭࢎĪơɭʋơŹɭŔ࡫Ŕȥʧɽ࡫ʋɭŔȇơŔ࡫ơɽȶɢǠŔnjʠɽ࡫èŔƎǫʠɽ
ʽơɭơȥŔȍŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ࢏ɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- áŔȍɢŔɽˊȶȥƎŔŁơˊʋǫȥ%ʠȍnjʠɽʠࢎ¶ȍǫʽơ࢏
áŔʋŔnjȥȶȟȶȥǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
- %ŔɭˊʠȟȍʠnjɭŔljǫƎơɢǫȍȶɭȇŔȥŔȍǬǫȥƃơʠ˖ʠȥƎʠɭࡲ
ࢎʋɭơȥˊȶȍʠŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ࢏
- čòeࢫƎơɢǫȍȶɭʠȥʠ˖ʠȥȍʠǐʠʽơȇŔȍǬȥȍǬǐǬɃȍƇʧȍơɭơȇ
ʋŔȥǬȇȶȥȟŔɽǬȟʧȟȇʧȥƎʧɭࡲ
- ĪŔʋơɭȍࢎĪơɭʋơŹɭŔȍ࡫ŔȥȶɭơȇʋŔȍ࡫ʋɭŔȇơŔȍ࡫ơɽȶljŔnjơŔȍ࡫
ɭơȥŔȍʽơˊŔɭŔƎǫŔȍŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ࢏ǫȍơŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơȍǫǐǫɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơnjɃŹơȇŔɭʋơɭǫʋơȇȶȍƎʠǐʠȥƎŔȥnjɃŹơȇ
ȟʠʋȍŔȇŔǫȥƃơȍơȥȟơȍǫƎǫɭ࡮
- qŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ʠȥʠơȇŔȥȶȟŔȍǫʽŔɭȍǬǐǬʽơ
ŔȇƃǫǐơɭɢɭȶŹȍơȟǫȥǫȥƎơɭơƃơɽǫȥǫŹơȍǫɭȍơɭࡲ
- %ơŹơȇŹơɽȍơȥǫɭȇơȥʂǫȇŔˊơʋȍơɭŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
- qʋǫɢǫŔʋɭơ˖ǫɽǫ˖ljǫɽʋʧȍȍơɭƎơŹơɽȍơȥȟơ ɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔ
ɽǫˊŔȥȶ˖ʽơɃȇɽʧɭʧȇȶȍʠɢˊʠʋȟŔɽǬȥȶɭȟŔȍƎǫɭࡲ
- ˊǬɭǬƃǬʋŔȥǬɽǬŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔɢǫȍȶɭǫȇŔʋɭơ˖ǫȍơɭ࡫
ƎʠɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ࡫ƎʠȶƎơȥŔȍŔʋɭơ˖ǫ࡫‘ƒ%ò࡫ǠǫŔʋŔȍ
ǠơɭȥǫȍơɭʽơnjŔɽʋɭȶơȥʋơɭǫʋȍơɭnjǫɭơɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫɽǫbɭơƎơʋ-èŔȟɽʋơƎɢǫȍȶɭȶȟˊȶʋȶȟǫƎǫɭࡲ
- ȟơȍǫˊŔʋʋŔȥࠁɽŔŔʋɽȶȥɭŔȶɭŔȍŹơɽȍơȥȟơ
ŹŔʂȍŔʋǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧ%ơŹơȇȍơɭƎơƒčɢȶȍǫǠǫƎɭȶŔȟȥǫȶɽʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥȍŔɭƎŔ࡫ŔǐǬ˖ƎŔȥɽŔŹʠȥȇɃɢʧǐʧʂơȇȍǫȥƎơ
ʋʧȇɭʧȇnjơȍǫɭࡲ%ǫɭȍǫȇʋơɃȇɽʧɭʧȇ࡫ƎǫɽɢȥơʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ%ơŹơȇŹơɽȍơȥǫɭȇơȥʂǫȇŔˊơʋȍơɭŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
ࡧ÷ʧɢǠơȍơȥǫȍơȥʽŔȇŔȍŔɭƎŔȥŔ˖ȶnjŔɽʋɭǫȇɽȶȥƎŔǫȍơ
ȟǫƎơˊơʠȍŔʂǬȍǬɢʠȍŔʂŔȟŔƎǬǐǬȇȶȥʋɭȶȍơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧqʋǫɢǫŔʋɭơ˖ǫɽǫ˖ljʧɽʋʧȍȍơɭƎơŹơɽȍơȥȟơɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔ
ŹȶǐʠȍʠɭnjǫŹǫȶȍȟŔ࡫Ƀȇɽʧɭʧȇ࡫ɽǫˊŔȥȶ˖ŔʋŔȇȍŔɭǬ
ʠˊŔɭǬƃǬȶȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
7ʠȶƎơȥŔȍŔʋɭơ˖ǫʽơɽʋơȥȶ˖
- 7ʠȶƎơȥŔȍɽʋơȥȶ˖࡫ŔȥȥʠȍơɭɢŔȥȇɭơŔɽʽơ
ȟŔȍɭȶʋŔɽˊȶȥƎŔnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍʋǬȇŔȥȟŔȶȍʠɭࡲ
- 7ʠȶƎơȥŔȍŔʋɭơ˖ǫƎơɽŔljɭŔȍǬȇʠɽȟŔʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
- 7ʠȶƎơȥŔȍŔʋɭơ˖ǫƎơnjơȥơȍƎơʋŔȟʋǬȇŔȥȟŔȶȍʠɭࡲ
qƒáFèþè¶bƒ‘ვ¶èòþF¥¶Łč
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥnjɃɭʧȍȟơɽǬȇȍǬǐǬह߿ࡲࠀ– ߿ࡲࠃƃǫʽŔɭǬȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧFɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơࠃȇŔʋƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔɭǫɽȇȶȍȟŔȇȍŔŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥहࠄ߿ࢫƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔɽǬǫȍȇƇȶƃʠȇʋʠɭࡲ
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥʋǫɢǫȇȇȍǫȥǫǐǫǠŔˊŔʋǬȥࠂࡲʽơࠅࡲ
qŔljʋŔȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔȥljǬʂȇǬɭǬɭʋŔɭ˖ƎŔɽŔljɭŔɽǬ˖
ȇʠɽȟŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔnjȍʠȇʠɭȶȥǫȍʋɭŔȥɽljơɭŔ˖ơȇɽǫȇȍǫǐǫȥơŹŔǐȍǬ
indirơȇʋŹǫȍǫɭʠŹǫȥˊʧȇɽơȇʋǫɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ʠɽȟŔˊŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍŔɭŔȇǠǫɢȶȇŔȍơȟǫȇǠǫɢȶȇȍȶɭơȟǫȇ
ȟơʋŔŹȶȍǫȇŔȍȇŔȍȶ˖njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
27
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
¥¥Ĕ•FèᥑèFò
þǫɢࠀࡪ7ʠɢƎơȥŔȍŔʋɭơ˖ǫʋǫɢȍơɭǫ
• Sadece Web
þǫɢࠁࡪ%ŔɭɽŔȇƎʠʽŔɭǬƎơʽŔȟȍǬȍǬǐǬˊȶȇʋʠɭࡲ
þǫɢࠂࡪŔ࢏¡ơ˖ȶƎŔĪʂơȇȍǫȥƎơƎơljơȇʋ
Ź࢏ɽȶˊʠȍȟʠʂơȍȟŔŔʋɭơ˖ǫɽǫ
þǫɢࠃࡪƒɢơƎǫ˖ǫȍȟǫʂnjǫŹǫŹǫɭƎơljŔ˖ȍŔŔʋɭơ˖ǫ
- áŔȥȇɭơŔɽʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔȥƎʠȶƎơȥʠȟʠȥǫȇǫȥƃǫ
ȇǬɽȟǬȥǬȥɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍʽơˊŔȇǬɽȟơȥǠŔȍȇŔnjǫŹǫ
ɽŔɭǬȍȟŔɽǬȥŔʽơɭǫȍơȥŔƎƎǬɭࡲ‘ȍǫȥǫǐǫȥƎơɽŔljɭŔȍǬȇʠɽȟŔ
ʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭࡲ7ʠȶƎơȥŔȍŔʋɭơ˖ǫˊȍơŔˊɭǬƃǬʋŔȥǬˊŔnjǫɭơɭࡲ
ˊŔȇʋŔƎǫɭơȇʋŹŔʋǬȥǬȥnjɭŔljǫɽǫȥƎơࢨƎȶʠŹȍơŹʠŹŹȍơ
ɽǫnjȥࢩnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
7ʠɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ࡧ‘ŔɭǬȥǫƇǫƎʠɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭơȥƇȶȇǫȍơȶƇơȇŔȍŹɃȍnjơƎơ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲeơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŹŔɭɽŔǐǬȥȟơ˖ơȥʋơɭǫȇȇơȥŔɭǬȥƎŔ
ʽơ ŹŔɭɽŔǐŔɽǬȇǬɽǬȇǬˊŔˊŔɢǬʂǬȇʋǬɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧeɃǐʧɽȇŔljơɽǫȥƎơȇǫƎʠɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ࡫ɽǬȇȍǬȇȍŔ
ɽȶȍʠȥʠȟɽǬȇǬȥʋǬɽǬȥŔȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲá-njɭŔljǫƎơ
njơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơɽŔǐƎŔ࡫ˊȶǐʠȥȍʠȇŔɭʋǬʂǬǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
ࡧ7ʠɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭȍŔŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥŔȥȶȟŔȍǫ
ǠơȟǫʽơɭʋơŹɭŔƎǬɭࡲ
- ‘ŔɭǬȥǫƇǫƎʠɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭࡷŹŔɭɽŔȇʋǬȇŔȥǬȇȍǬǐǬ࡫
ʽȶȍʽʠȍʠɽ࡫ǫȥʽŔǿǫȥŔɽˊȶȥɽơŹơŹǫȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- ¡ơȇŔȥˊʠȟɢơɭǫʋȶȥǫʋǫɽǫȥƎǫɭǫȟȇŔȥŔȍǬ
ʋǬȇŔȥǬȇȍŔɭǬȥǬȥˊʠȇŔɭǬɽǬȥƎŔȶȍʠʂŔȥ
ɢơɭljȶɭŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
- áơɭljȶɭŔɽˊȶȥnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơǫȍơʠȟʠȥɽȶȥŹɃȍʧȟʧȥƎơ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- ‘ǫɽʋǫȇljǫŹɭȶ˖ǫɽȍǫǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥहࠀ߿– ࠁ߿ࢫɽǫȥƎơ
ȟơȇȶȥˊʠȟǫȍơʠɽʠnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- 7ʠȶƎơȥŔȍȟŔȍɭȶʋŔɽˊȶȥŹŔɭˊʠȟȍʠȍŔʽȟȟŔȥǫȍơ
ʋŔȥǬȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- ¡ŔȍɭȶʋŔɽˊȶȥƎŔ•ŔƎƎࢎƇơȇʠȟȍŔȇŔɭǬȥŔɭȇŔƎʠʽŔɭǬ
ŔɭŔɽǬ࢏ŹŔȥƎȍŔɭǬƎʠȶƎơȥʠȟʠɽǬȇǬʂʋǬɭǬɭࡲ•ŔƎƎ
ŔȟơȍǫˊŔʋǬŹŔȥƎȍŔɭǬȥȇơɽǫȍǫɢƎʠȶƎơȥʠȟʠȥ
ɽơɭŹơɽȍơʂʋǫɭǫȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
ƒ¥Īƒ¥òĵ¶¥ࢎƒ¥þčòòčòòFáþƒ¶¥࢏
ࡧáɭȶȇɽǫȟŔȍŹŔǐǬɭɽŔȇɽơnjȟơȥʋǫȥǫȥƎǫɽʋŔȍŹŔɭɽŔȇ
ɽơnjȟơȥʋǫǫƇǫȥơnjǫɭȟơɽǫȥơʽơɭǫȍơȥŔƎƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇʋơɭȟǫȥŔȍǫȍơʠȟƎŔŹŔʂȍŔȟŔȇʋŔȶȍʠɢࠃ– ࠀ߿
ŔˊŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
ࡧࠁˊŔʂʋŔȥȇʧƇʧȇȍơɭƎơơȥɽǬȇŔȇʠʋȇŔɭǬȥɽơŹơŹǫƎǫɭࡲ
ƒȥʽŔǿǫȥŔɽˊȶȥʠʋơʋǫȇȍơˊơȥljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭ
ࡧƒƎǫȶɢŔʋǫȇ
ࡧ•ơȥljŔƎơȥǫʋơŹŔǐȍǬˊŔ˖ŔˊȍŔɭǬȥƎŔŔɭʋŔȥ
njŔɽʋɭȶơȥʋơɭǫʋʽơɢȥɃȟȶȥǫࢎƎơȥȶʽǫɭʠɽ࢏
ࡧ¡ơƃȇơȍƎǫʽơɭʋǫȇʧȍʧ࡫ȍơǫȟˊȶȟŔ࡫ɢȶȍǫɢʽơ
ȍơȥljȶɽŔɭȇȶȟŔ
28
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
- eɃŹơȇơʋɭŔljǬȥƎŔɽȶɽǫɽʂơȇȍǫȥƎơȇǫʋȍơơȍơnjơȍǫɭ࡫
njơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơɽŔǐʧɽʋȇŔƎɭŔȥƎŔŹʠȍʠȥʠɭࡲ
- ‘ơɽǫȥʋŔȥǬŹŔɭˊʠȟȍʠȍŔʽȟŔȥȍŔȇȶȥʠɭ࡫ˊŔɭǬȟŔˊ
ʂơȇȍǫȥƎơƎȶȍȟŔƎơljơȇʋǫnjɃ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫƎơljȍȶɭȶɽȇȶɢǫŔȍʋǬȥƎŔࠈ߿ƃȟˊʧȇɽơȇʋơȥ
ȍŔʽȟŔȥˊŔɢǬȍǬɭ࡫ŹʠɽǬɭŔƎŔȇŔɭǬȥƎŔɢŔȍɢŔɽˊȶȥ
ˊŔɢǬȍȟŔȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
Ī¶•Īč•čò
ࡧĪȶȍʽʠȍʠɽŹŔǐǬɭɽŔǐǬȥȇơȥƎǫƇơʽɭơɽǫȥƎơʽơˊŔŹŔʂȇŔ
ŹŔɭɽŔȇƇơʽɭơɽǫȥƎơƎɃȥơɭơȇƎʧǐʧȟȍơȥȟơɽǫȥơ
ʽơɭǫȍơȥŔƎƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧþǫɢǫȇŹŔɭɽŔȇʋǬȇŔȥǬȇȍǬǐǬŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ơƃȇơȍƎǫʽơʋǫȇʠȍʠ࡫ȇȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍŹŔɭɽŔȇŹŔȥƎȍŔɭǬ࡫
ŹŔɭɽŔȇȟơ˖ȶɽʠȥƎŔȇǫȇǫɽʋȍơɭ࡫ȶȟljŔȍȶȟơ˖ơȥʋơɭǫȇ
ȇŔȥŔȍŔɭʋǬȇȍŔɭǬɽơŹơɢȍơɭǫŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ%ŔɭɽŔȇƎȶȍŔʂǬȟǬŹȶ˖ʠȍŔƃŔǐǬȥƎŔȥnjŔȥnjɭơȥ࡫
ɢơɭljȶɭŔɽˊȶȥʽơɢơɭǫʋȶȥǫʋŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬȶȍʠʂŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ĵʧȇɽơȇʋǫɢʋơ ɭơȇʋʠȟɢʠŹȶɭơȇʋŔȍȇŔɽǬȥǬȥʧɽʋʧȥƎơ
ɽȶȥȍŔȥǬɭ࡫ơɭȇơȇʋơƎŔǠŔɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲFȥɽǬȇʋǫɢʋǫɭࡲ%ʠʋǫɢʋơ
ŔȥȶȟŔȍǫơʂȍǫȇơʋȟơȶȍŔɽǬȍǬǐǬƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔƎǬɭࡲ
ȍƇŔȇʋǫɢʋơ ȇŔƎǬȥƎŔƎŔǠŔɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲFȥɽǬȇʋǫɢǫ
ŔȥȶȇʠʋŔȥɃ˖ljǫɽʋʧȍƎʧɭࡲáʠŹȶɭơȇʋŔȍǫɽȇŔɽǬȥǬȥŔȍʋǬȥƎŔ
ɽȶȥȍŔȥǬɭࡲȥʧɽŹɃȍnjơɽǫȥƎơȇŔŹŔɭǬȇȍǬȇࢎŹŔʽʠȍɽŔɢǬ࢏
ŔȥʧɽơƎȶǐɭʠnjǫƎơȥljǫɽʋʧȍࢎǫȥƃǫŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ࢏ŔȍƇŔȇʋǫɢǫ
njɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ
- FʂȍǫȇơƎơȥŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ ࢇ˃ʠȄɷƟȄʄǨɝʄƟƌŔǝŔLJŔˏȊŔ࢈
- eĔòࡪ%ɃŹɭơȇŔnjơȥơ˖ǫɽǫ࡫ǠǫɢȶɽɢŔƎǫŔɽ࡫ŹɃŹɭơȇ
ƎǫɽɢȍŔ˖ǫɽǫ࡫ơɢǫɽɢŔƎǫŔɽ࡫ʽơ˖ǫȇŔȍơȇɽʋɭȶljǫ࡫ŹǫljǫƎ
ɽȇɭȶʋʠȟ
- ‘ŔȍɢʋơơȥɽǬȇljŔȍȍȶʋʋơʋɭŔȍȶǿǫɽǫʽơnjơȥǫʂĪò7
ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- ƒɽȇơȍơʋɽǫɽʋơȟǫȥƎơǠơȟǫʽơɭʋơŹɭŔ࡫ɽŔȇɭŔȍ
Ŕnjơȥơ˖ǫɽ࡫ɽɢǫȥŔŹǫljǫƎŔŹʠȍʠȥʠɭࡲ
- ĪþFèࡲ
ȥȶɭơȇʋŔȍ¡ŔȍljȶɭȟŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ࡧbǫɽʋʧȍȍʧǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔƒĵFʽơȇȶȍȶȥƎŔȥȇȍȶɭ
ơȟǫȍǫȟǫȥơŹŔǐȍǬǠǫɢơɭȇȍȶɭơȟǫȇŔɽǫƎȶ˖ȟơˊƎŔȥŔ
njơȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧáʠŹȶȇȶȇɽǫnjơŔȍƇǫ˖njǫˊơnjɃɭơŔȍƇŔȇˊʧȇɽơȇʋǫɢ
ŔˊɭǬȟǬˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫƎơˊʧȇɽơȇʋǫɢʋơɃȥƃơȇȶȍȶɽʋȶȟǫŔƇǬȍǬɢࠀ
ˊŔʂǬȥƎŔŔȥŔʋȶȟǫȇƎʧ˖ơȍʋȟơˊŔɢǬȍǬɭȇơȥŔȍƇŔȇʋǫɢʋơ
ɢơɭǫȥơŔȍˊŔȇȍŔʂǬȟʠˊnjʠȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
ࡧqơɭˊơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥƎŔŔȥʧɽ
ȥȶɭȟŔȍnjɃɭʧȥʧˊȶɭƎŔǠǫȶȍɽŔ
ˊʠȟʠʂŔȇŹǫɭɽȶȥƎŔǫȍơˊŔƎŔ
ɢŔɭȟŔȇȍŔȇȶȥʋɭȶȍ
ơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧȥŔʋȶȟǫȇŹơȍǫɭȍơˊǫƃǫȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ɽơƇǫȍơȥɢʠŹȶȇȶȇɽǫnjơŔȍƇǫ˖njǫ
ࢎɢʠŹȶɭơȇʋŔȍȇŔɽ࢏ȥȶɭȟŔȍ
ƎǬʂȇǬȇȶȥʋɭȶȍʧȥƎơƇȶȇɃȥơȟȍǫƎǫɭʽơŹʠɽơʽǫˊơˊơ
njɃɭơˊʧȇɽơȇ࡫ŔȍƇŔȇˊŔƎŔŔɭŔŔȥȶɭơȇʋŔȍŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ
ʂơȇȍǫȥƎơɽǬȥǬljȍŔȟŔˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
ĵʧȇɽơȇʋǫɢơɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭȇơȥ࡫ŔȍƇŔȇʋǫɢ
njơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơȇǬ˖ȍŔɭƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
29
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
- qǬ˖ȍŔnjơȍǫʂơȥȟơʋŔŹȶȍǫȇŔɽǫƎȶ˖ʽơʋɭȶȟŹȶɽǫʋ
ɽŔˊǬɽǬȥǬȥŹǫɭƎơȥŹǫɭơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔɽǬŹŔɭɽŔȇʋŔnjŔȥnjɭơȥ
ƎʧʂʧȥƎʧɭʧɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơŔǐǬ˖ƎŔȥŹơɽȍơȥȟơƎʠɭƎʠɭʠȍŔɭŔȇ
ȥŔ˖ȶnjŔɽʋɭǫȇƎơȇȶȟɢɭơɽˊȶȥˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲzĪࡲòǬʽǬ࡫ʋȶʋŔȍ
ɢŔɭŔȥʋơɭŔȍȥʠʋɭǫɽˊȶȥ࡫ŔȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇʽơ7‘eǫȍơ
ʋŔȇǫŹǫˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
- áơɭǫʋȶȥƎŔɽơɭŹơɽʋǠŔʽŔ࡫ɢơɭǫʋȶȥǫʋ࡫ŔŹɽơ
ƎʧʂʧȥʧȍʧɭɽơŔƃǫȍȟʧƎŔǠŔȍơnjơɭơȇǫɭࡲ
‘ŔɭǬȥǐɭǬɽǬ¥ơƎơȥȍơɭǫ
ȇʠʋȇŔɭǬȥǬȥơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥǫࠁˊŔʂʋŔȥȇʧƇʧȇȍơɭƎơ
ǫȥljŔǿǫȥŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ࠁˊŔʂʋŔȥŹʧˊʧȇȍơɭƎơŔȇʠʋ
ŔɢŔȥƎǫɽǫʋʋǫɭࡲ
- ȇʠʋɭȶȟŔʋǫ˖ȟŔȍŔʋơʂ
- qơȟɢƃǠɽƃǠȶȥȍơǫȥɢʠɭɢʠɭɽǬ
- ‘ʠɭʂʠȥ˖ơǠǫɭȍơȥȟơɽǫ
- áȶɭljǫɭǫ
- Fɢǫȍơɢɽǫ
- ǫȍơʽǫȇƎơȥǫ˖Ŕʋơʂǫ
- ĵŔȥɽǬˊŔȥŔǐɭǬ
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- ¶ɭŔȇǠʧƃɭơȍǫŔȥơȟǫ
- qǫɢơɭɢŔɭŔʋǫɭȶǫƎǫ
- qơȟŔȍǫʋǫȇĔɭơȟǫȇǿɽơȥƎɭȶȟ
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njɃɭʧȍȟơȇʋơȶȍʠɢʠˊȇʠˊŔȟơˊǫȍȍǫ࡫ȇŔɭǬȥʂǫʂȍǫǐǫ
njơȍǫʂơȥ࡫Źơɽȍơȥơȟơˊơȥ࡫ȇʠɽȟŔˊŔơǐǫȍǫȟȍǫ
ɢɭơȟŔʋʧɭơŹơŹơȇȍơɭƎơŔȇȍŔnjơȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
èǫɽȇbŔȇʋɃɭʧ
ࡧࠀࠄ߿߿njɭࢫƎŔȥƎʧʂʧȇŔǐǬɭȍǬȇȍǬŹơŹơȇȍơɭ
ࡧqˊŔȍơȥȟơȟŹɭŔȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
ࡧqǫɢơɭŹǫȍǫɭʠŹǫȥơȟǫ ȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơȇŔȥƎơǐǫʂǫȟǫ
ˊŔɢǬȍȟǬʂȍŔɭ
ࡧeɃŹơȇŔɭʋơɭʽơˊŔʽơȥǫȥƎơȇŔʋơʋơɭŹʠȍʠȥŔȥȍŔɭ
ࡧqǫɢơɭȶɽȟȶȍŔɭŹơɽȍơȥȟơ
‘čþá¥7ƒòƒþ
- ࠁˊŔʂʋŔȥŹʧˊʧȇȍơɭƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔơȥɽǬȇŔȇʠʋȇŔɭǬȥ
nedenidir.
- ɢơȥƎǫȇɽȍʧȟơȥǫȥǫȥʋǬȇŔȥȟŔɽǬơȥɃȥơȟȍǫ
sebebidir.
- FȥɽǬȇȟơ˖ơȥʋơɭǫȇȍơȥljŔƎơȥǫʋȍơȇŔɭǬʂǬȇࡲ
- ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥȍŔɭƎŔŔɢŔȥƎǫȇɽʋŔŹŔȥǬƎŔǠŔnjơȥǫʂ
ȶȍƎʠǐʠǫƇǫȥʋǬȇŔȥȟŔȶȍŔɽǬȍǬǐǬƎŔǠŔŔ˖ƎǬɭࡲ
- ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥƎŔȇǫɽʋǫȇljǫŹɭȶ˖ǫɽǫȥơȥɃȥơȟȍǫɃȍʧȟ
ɽơŹơŹǫȟơȇȶȥˊʠȟǫȍơʠɽʠƎʠɭࡲ
- òǬȇȍǬȇȍŔǫȍơʠȟʽơȇȶȍȶȥƎŔnjɃ˖ȍơȥǫɭȍơɭࡲ
- FȥɃȥơȟȍǫɭŔƎˊȶnjɭŔljǫŹʠȍnjʠɽʠɢȥɃȟŔʋȶ˖ǫɽ
ǫȥʋơɽʋǫȥŔȍǫɽࢎŹŔɭɽŔȇƎʠʽŔɭǬȥƎŔnjŔ˖࢏ʽơɢȶɭʋŔȍ
ʽơȥƎơnjŔ˖njɃɭʧȥʧȟʧƎʧɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ȍǫȥǫǐǫȥƎơnjɃŹơȇƇơʽɭơɽǫȥƎơȇɭŔȟɢʋŔɭ˖ǬȥƎŔŔǐɭǬ࡫
ǫʂʋŔǠɽǬ˖ȍǬȇ࡫ŹʠȍŔȥʋǬʽơȇʠɽȟŔȶȍʠɢƎŔǠŔɽȶȥɭŔŔǐɭǬ
ɽŔǐŔȍʋȇŔƎɭŔȥŔȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ơȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ŔɭǬȥƎŔǠŔɽɽŔɽǫˊơʋȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
èȶʽɽǫȥnj%ơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫࡪòǬɭʋʧɽʋʧˊŔʋŔȥǠŔɽʋŔȥǬȥɽȶȍ
ǫȥnjʠǫȥŔȍŹɃȍnjơɽǫȥơƎơɭǫȥɢŔȍɢŔɽˊȶȥˊŔɢǬȍǬȥƃŔ
ȇȶȍȶȥnjŔ˖ǬȥǬȥƇơȇʠȟƎŔnjơɭǫȥȍǫȇˊŔɢȟŔɽǬ
ȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơŔǐɭǬȶȍʠʂȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
30
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
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qȶɭȥơɭɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠࢎȟˊȶɽǫɽ࡫ɢʋȶ˖ǫɽ࡫ơȥȶljʋŔȍȟǫ࡫
ŔȥǠǫƎɭȶɽǫɽ࢏njɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
þȶɭȶɽǫȇŹɃȍnjơƎơࡪ ʧɽʋʋȶɭȶɽǫȇʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭƎơƎǫɽɢȥơ࡫
ƎǫɽljŔǿǫ࡫Ƀȇɽʧɭʧȇ࡫ŔȇƃǫǐơɭơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ࡫ɽʠɢơɭǫȶɭ
ʽơȥŔȇŔʽŔɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠnjɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
‘ŔɭǬȥŹɃȍnjơɽǫȥƎơࡪ ɢŔȍɢŔŹȍȇǫʋȍơ࡫Ŕȥȶɭơȇɽǫ࡫ȇʠɽȟŔ࡫
ȇŔɭǬȥʂǫʂȍǫǐǫ࡫ɽȇɭȶʋŔȍʽơŔȍʋơȇɽʋɭơȟǫʋơȍơɭƎơɃƎơȟ
ɽŔɢʋŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- áơȍʽǫȇȇǫʋȍơ࡫ǫƎɭŔɭʽơnjŔˊʋŔǫȥȇȶȥʋǫȥŔȥɽǬ
njɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
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ɽȶȍǫƎʋʧȟɃɭƎʧɭࡲ
ࡧþʧȟƇȶƃʠȇȍʠȇƇŔǐǬȟŔȍǫnjȥǫʋơȍɭǫȥǫȥहࠇ– ࠀ߿ࢫʠȥʠ
ȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭࡲ
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ࡧáŔɭŔɽɢǫȥŔȍɽơȟɢŔʋǫȇnjŔȥnjȍǫȶȥȍŔɭʽơŔƎɭơȥŔȍ
ȟơƎʠȍȍŔƎŔȥnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
ࡧࠀࡲ‘ɭȶȟȶ˖ȶȟƎŔɽɢơɽǫljǫȇƎơljơȇʋȍơɭʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
áŔɭŔȥơȶɢȍŔɽʋǫȇòơȥƎɭȶȟȍŔɭ
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Teɭȍơȟơ࡫ljȍʠɽǠǫȥnj࡫ŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬ࡫ǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ
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njơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơɭŔȥȶʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭŹŔɽǬˊŔŹŔǐȍǬŔɭʋŔȥɭơȥǫȥ
ɽŔȍǬȥǬȟǬȥƎŔȥȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
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ǠʧƃɭơȍơɭǫȥƎơȥɽŔȍnjǬȍŔȥŔȥơȥʋơɭȶǠȶɭȟȶȥȍŔɭ ࢎĪzá࢏
ȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơ࡫ʋơƎŔʽǫˊơƎǫɭơȥƇȍǫɽʠȍʠǫɽǠŔȍ࡫ŔŹƎȶȟǫȥŔȍ
ƎǫɽʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥʽơǠǫɢȶȇŔȍơȟǫȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍǫɭࡲ
ࢎ‘ơɭȥơɭ-¡ŔɭɭǫɽȶȥòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ࢏ǫˊǫɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ȍŔ
ǫȍǫʂȇǫȍǫƎǫɭࡲ¡Ŕʋʠɭǫʋơ njɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ
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ࡧ¡ơɭȇơȍqʧƃɭơȍǫ‘Ŕȥɽơɭ
ࡧ¡ơ˖ơȥȇǫȟŔȍ‘ȶȥƎɭȶɽŔɭȇȶȟ
ȇʠʋȟˊȶȇȍȶȥǫȇơȥɽơljŔȍȶɢŔʋǫࡪ ¶ɢɽȶȇȍȶȥʠɽࢎqǬ˖ȍǬ
njɃ˖ǠŔɭŔȇơʋȍơɭǫ࢏ȟˊȶȇȍȶȥʠɽʽơnjɃʽƎơŔʋŔȇɽǫɽǫǫȍơ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲznjeʽơznj¡ʋǫɢǫȶʋȶŔȥʋǫȇȶɭȍŔɭǬȥ
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ɢơɭǫljơɭǫȇɽǫȥǫɭȍơɭƎơŹŔ˖ǬŔȇɽȶȥȍŔɭŔŹŔǐȍŔȥȟŔɽǬ
ɽȶȥʠƃʠȶȍʠʂȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲƒˊǫɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖njɃɽʋơɭnjơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
ĵơɭȍơʂǫȟˊơɭǫ
ࡧŹƎȶȟơȥहࠅࠄǫȍơƇȶƃʠȇȍʠȇƇŔǐǬȥƎŔơȥɽǬȇ
njɃɭʧȍƎʧǐʧˊơɭƎǫɭࡲ7ŔǠŔɽȶȥɭŔɽǬȇȍǬȇɽǬɭŔɽǬˊȍŔ
ŔƎɭơȥŔȍŹơ˖࡫njɃǐʧɽŹȶʂȍʠǐʠ࡫ɢơȍʽǫɽ࡫ŹȶˊʠȥʽơȇŔljŔ
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ŔŹƎȶȟǫȥŔȍȇǫʋȍơƎǫɭࡲ
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FĪèFࠀࡪ ‘ɃȇơȥŔȍƎǬǐǬȶɭnjŔȥƎŔȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
FĪèFࠁࡪ þʧȟɃɭȶɭnjŔȥǬŔʂȟǬʂʋǬɭŔȥƃŔȇȶɭʋŔǠŔʋʋǬ
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31
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
FĪèFࠃࡪ 7ǫɽɽơȟǫȥơʋʧȟɃɭ࡫ʠ˖ŔȇȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
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ȇŔɭŔƃǫǐơɭƎơɽǬȥǬɭȍǬȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲòɢȶȥʋŔȥ
ɭơnjɭơɽˊȶȥɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
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- ‘ơȟȶʋơɭŔɢǫFʽɭơࠁ࡫ࠂ࡫ࠃࢫƎơʠˊnjʠȍŔȥǬɭࡲࢎĪǫȥƃɭǫɽʋǫȥ࡫
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- ƒƎɭŔɭƎŔȇŔʋơȇȶȍŔȟǫȥȍơɭŔɭʋŔɭࢎĪŔȥǫȍȟŔȥƎơȍǫȇasit
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- òơɭʠȟƎŔȥɃɭȶȥɽɢơɽǫljǫȇơȥȶȍŔ˖ࢎ¥òF࢏࡫ljơɭɭǫʋǫȥ࡫
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- ˊɭǬƃǬʋŔȥǬƎŔɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơŔȇʠʋơɢǫƎǫƎǫȟȶɭʂǫʋʽơ
ŔɢɢơȥƎǫˉ ʋơɽʋǫɽʋȶɭɽǫˊȶȥʠȟȍŔȇŔɭǬʂǬɭࡲ
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ȟŔȍljȶɭȟŔɽˊȶȥʠ
ࡧ‘ȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍǠǫƎɭȶʋȶɭŔȇɽʽơǠǫƎɭȶɽơljŔȍǫ
òȶɭʠ
ࠀ࢏ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥƎŔɽŔɢʋŔȥŔȥŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫ
ɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȍơɭǫȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫȥƎơʋŔȥǬȇȶȥʠȍƎʠǐʠȥƎŔơȥ
ˊŔȇǬȥ˖ŔȟŔȥǫƇǫȥƎơŔȟơȍǫˊŔʋɢȍŔȥȍŔȥȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡳ
࢏ƒȥȟơȟǫʂʋơɽʋǫɽ
%࢏qǫƎɭȶɽơȍ
-࢏ƒȥnjʠǫȥŔȍqơɭȥǫ
7࢏Kordon Kisti
F࢏qǫɢȶɽɢŔƎǫŔɽ
ƒȥnjʠǫȥŔȍqơɭȥǫȍơɭ
þFòþƒòþ¶èòƒĵ¶¥č
- 1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔȇǫǫȥnjʠǫȥŔȍǠơɭȥǫȍơɭnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơǫȥƎǫɭơȇʋ
ʋǫɢʋơƎǫɭࡲ
- FɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơʽơɽŔǐƎŔƎŔǠŔɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŔǐɭǬʽơǬȇǬȥȟŔˊȍŔȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇǬɢ
ɽȶȥɭŔƎŔȥȇŔˊŹȶȍŔȥȇŔɽǬȇʂǫʂȇǫȥȍǫǐǫʂơȇȍǫȥƎơ
ȇơȥƎǫȥǫnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ
- òǫȍȇòǫnjȥ࡫ ǫʂŔɭơʋɢŔɭȟŔǐǬǫȥnjʠǫȥŔȍȇŔȥŔȍʧ˖ơɭǫȥơ
ƎǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇȇȶˊʠȍʠɢɽŔǐŔ-ɽȶȍŔǠŔɭơȇơʋơʋʋǫɭǫȍƎǫǐǫ
- þơɽʋǫɽǫȥȇȶɭƎȶȥˊŔɢǬȍŔɭǬȥǬȥʋơɽʋǫɽǫȥŹơɽȍơȥȟơɽǫȥǫ
Źȶ˖ŔƃŔȇȇŔƎŔɭƎɃȥȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
- ‘ȍǫȥǫǐơʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫʋơɽʋǫȇʧȍơɭŔǐɭǬˊȍŔŹŔʂʽʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
ÄƎơȟʽơơɭǫʋơȟnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ¶ȍŔˊŹŔʂȍŔƎǬȇʋŔȥɽȶȥɭŔȇǫ
ࠀࠁɽŔŔʋǫƇǫȥƎơƎơʋȶɭɽǫˊȶȥơơƎǫȍơȥȍơɭƎơ
ljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭŹʧˊʧȇȶɭŔȥƎŔƎʧ˖ơȍǫɭࡲ
32
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
˖ŔȟŔȥ࡫ǠơɭȥǫȇơɽơɽǫȥǫȥȇŔɭʂǬȍǬȇȍǬˊʧ˖ȍơɭǫȥǫȥ
ɽʧɭʋʧȥȟơɽǫǠǫɽɽơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
- Ä˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơȇʧƇʧȇƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔǫȥȇŔɭơɭŔɽˊȶȥɭǫɽȇǫ
ljŔ˖ȍŔȶȍƎʠǐʠǫƇǫȥʋơɽŹǫʋ ơƎǫȍƎǫȇʋơȥɽȶȥɭŔơȥȇǬɽŔ
ɽʧɭơƎơƃơɭɭŔǠǫʋơƎŔʽǫˊŔɢǬȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
- òʋɭŔnjʧȍŔɽˊȶȥnjơȍǫʂʋǫǐǫȥǫȥŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫࡪŔʋơʂ࡫ȇǫʋȍơ
ʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơɃƎơȟʽơǠǫɢơɭơȟǫƎǫɭࡲ
čȟŹǫȍǫȇŔȍqơɭȥǫ
ࡧƒȍȇŔˊȍŔɭƎŔŹơŹơȇȍơɭǫȥहࠃࢫʧȥƎơŹʠȍʠȥʠɭࡲ
ࡧहࠇࠄࢫǫȇơȥƎǫȍǫǐǫȥƎơȥȇŔɢŔȥǬɭࡲ
• 3 – ࠃˊŔʂŔȇŔƎŔɭʋŔȇǫɢơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧbŔȇŔʋɢơɭljȶɭŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ǫȥȇŔɭɽơɭŔɽˊȶȥ࡫njɃŹơȇljǬʋǬǐǬˊȍŔ
ǫȍǫʂȇǫȍǫȶȍƎʠǐʠȇơɽǫȥȶȍŔȥŔǐɭǬnjǫŹǫƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭƎŔࠃ
ˊŔʂʋŔȥɃȥƃơƃơɭɭŔǠǫʋơƎŔʽǫnjơɭơȇǫɭࡲ
òȶɭʠ
ࠁ࢏qǫƎɭȶɽơȍɽŔɢʋŔȥŔȥŹǫɭˊơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥƎŔơȥ
ʠˊnjʠȥˊŔȇȍŔʂǬȇŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫƎǫɭࡳ
࢏FɭȇơȥƃơɭɭŔǠǫʋơƎŔʽǫ
%࢏ࠀˊŔʂǬȥŔȇŔƎŔɭʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫ˖ǫ˖ȍơȟ
-࢏‘ŔɽǬȇŹŔǐǬȇʠȍȍŔȥȟŔ
7࢏ƒǐȥơǫȍơŔɽɢǫɭŔɽˊȶȥ
F࢏òȇɭȶʋŔȍơȍơʽŔɽˊȶȥ
33
Küçük Stajlar | 3. Kulak, Burun, Boğaz
Kulak, Burun,
Boğaz
34
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
3. K蕑%čèč¥%¶hŁ (KBB)
ǐǬ˖•ơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ljʋɃ˖Ĕȍɽơɭȍơɭ
- eơȥơȍɢŔɢʧȍŔɽˊȶȥहࠃ߿ࢫǬȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍơȥŹʠȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ƎŔǠŔƇȶȇˊŔʂŔȟǬȥǫȍȇǫȇǫƎơȇŔƎǬȥƎŔȶɭʋŔˊŔ
ƇǬȇȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲǐɭǬȍǬʽơʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊǬƃǬŹʠȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥ
ƇɃȍˊŔȇ࡫ǫȥljȍŔȟȟŔʋʠŔɭ ŹŔɭɽŔȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬʽơ
%ơǠƇơʋqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬǫȍơǫȍǫʂȇǫȍǫȶȍƎʠǐʠ
ƎʧʂʧȥʧȍȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
- 1ơʽɭơȍơɭǫȥƎơǫȥƃơŹǫɭơȇɽʧƎŔʋŔŹŔȇŔɽǬȶȍŔȥɽǬǐ
ǠǫɢơɭơȟǫȇȶȍŔȥŹʠȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭŹǫɭˊŔƎŔŹǫɭƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔ
ȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
Genellikle 7 – ࠃࠂNJʠȢǨƅǨȢƌƟȄƟȢƌǨȊǨǍǨȢƌƟȢǨ˃ǨȊƟɻƟȢ
ŸʙȊƟˏ˃ȲȢȊŔɧʄƟȄɧŔɧȊŔ˃ŔŸǨȊǨɧࡲ
•ɃȇȶɢȍŔȇǫȥǫȥơȥɃȥơȟȍǫɭǫɽȇljŔȇʋɃɭʧ ʋʧʋʧȥʽơ
ɽǫnjŔɭŔʋʧȇơʋǫȟǫƎǫɭࢇǨƅȜƟʶƟƅǨǍȢƟȜƟ࢈ࡲहࠄ– ࠀࠄ
ȇŔƎŔɭǬȥƎŔɽȇʠŔȟɃ˖ǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔȥɽơɭnjơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
Ä˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơƎʠƎŔȇʽơƎǫȍȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥƎŔɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
FɭǫʋɭȶɢȍŔȇǫ
•ɃȇŔɢȍŔȇǫˊơŹơȥ˖ơɭȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭƎơȇǫŹʠȍơ˖ˊȶȥ
ˊʧ˖ơˊƎơȥȇŔŹŔɭǬȇ࡫ ȇǬɭȟǬ˖Ǭ࡫ȇɃʋʧɽǬȥǬɭȍǬ࡫ȥȶȥȇơɭŔʋǫȥǫ˖ơƇȶȇȇŔʋȍǬơɢǫʋơȍǫȥǫȥɽǫʋʠȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟʠȥŔ
ƎơȥǫɭࡲFȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍƎʧǐʧȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭŔǐǬ˖
ʋŔŹŔȥǬ࡫ˊʠȟʠʂŔȇƎŔȟŔȇʽơƎǫȍǫȥʽơȥʋɭȶȍŔʋơɭŔȍ
ɽǬȥǬɭǬȥƎŔ ǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
qơɭɢơʋǫȇʧȍɽơɭȍơɭŔǐǬ˖ŹȶʂȍʠǐʠȥʠȥơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥ
ʽǫɭŔȍơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬƎǬɭࡲ
‘ŔɭƎǫƎǫŔ˖ǫɽŔǐǬ˖ŹȶʂȍʠǐʠȥʠȥơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥljʠȥnjŔȍ
ơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
žŔȊǨNJȢȊƟɻȜƟȲɧŔȢǩȊȾȄȲɝȊŔȄǨ˃ƟNJȾɧƟƅȲȄƌŔǝŔ
LJŔˏȊŔȲȊʙɝ˃ŔȄȊŔɻǩȄटࠇࠂƂǨʶŔɧǩȢƌŔƌǩɧࡲ
•ɃȇȶɢȍŔȇǫ
•ɃȇȶɢȍŔȇǫŔȍʋʋŔˊŔʋŔȥŹơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭȥơƎơȥȶȍȟŔȇɽǬ˖Ǭȥ
ơɢǫƎơɭȟǫɽʋơȇŔȍǬȥȍŔʂȟŔȶȍʠʂʋʠɭŔȥŹơˊŔ˖ ɢȍŔȇʽơ
ˊŔȟŔȍŔɭȍŔȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơǫˊǫɽǬȥǬɭȍǬȍơ˖ˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
áɭơȟŔȍǫnjȥȶȍŔȥŹʠȍơ˖ˊȶȥƎŔˊŔȇȍŔʂǬȇहࠄ– 10
ȇŔƎŔɭȟŔȍǫnjȥȍơʂȟơɢȶʋŔȥɽǫˊơȍǫȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
qŔǫɭˊ•ɃȇȶɢȍŔȇǫ
FʋȇơȥǫEBV ȶȍŔȥŹʠȍơ˖ˊȶȥƎŔǠŔƇȶȇz7òࢫȍǫ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭʽơɢɭơȇŔȥɽơɭɃ˖ Ƀ˖ơȍȍǫȇ
njɃɽʋơɭȟơ˖ࡲ
35
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ȟơȍȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟ
हࠇ߿ȟŔȥƎǫŹʠȍơɭŹɃȍnjơˊǫʋʠʋŔȥȶƎȶȥʋȶǿơȥǫȇ
ơɢǫʋơȍˊʠȟȇŔˊȥŔȇȍǬ࡫ˊŔʽŔʂŹʧˊʧˊơȥ࡫ȇǫɽʋǫȇ࡫ ȍȶȇŔȍ
ŔnjɭơɽǫljȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭȍǫࠂ– ࠃࡲ7ơȇŔƎǬȥŹơȥǫnjȥ
ʋʧȟɃɭʧƎʧɭࡲ
O蕑ĪƒþFĪF7ƒ•‘¥òFè•Fèƒ
ࡧòȇʠŔȟɃ˖ǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ ŔǐǬ˖Źȶʂȍʠǐʠ
ȇȶȥɽơɭȍơɭǫȥǫȥŹʧˊʧȇȇǬɽȟǬȥǬȶȍʠʂʋʠɭȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ¶ɭʋŔȍŔȟŔnjɃɭʧȍȟơˊŔʂǬࠃ߿ʽơʧɽʋʧƎʧɭࡲeơƇʋŔȥǬ
ŔȍȟŔȍŔɭǬȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơȟȶɭʋŔȍǫʋơȍơɭǫȶȍƎʠȇƇŔ
ˊʧȇɽơȇʋǫɭࡲ
eȶɭȍǫȥòơȥƎɭȶȟʠࢎ¥ơʽȶǫƎŹŔɽŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
ɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ࢏
¶ʋȶ˖ȶȟŔȍƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋnjɃɭʧȍơȥŹʠɽơȥƎɭȶȟơɭȇơȥ
ˊŔʂʋŔƇȶȇɽŔˊǬƎŔŹŔ˖ŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
njơȍǫʂǫȟǫˊȍơŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơȇơȟǫȇ࡫ɽǫȥǫɭ࡫njɃ˖ʽơʧɭơȟơ
ȶɭnjŔȥȍŔɭǬȥƎŔŔȥȶɭȟŔȍȍǫȇǫƇơɭơȥŹǫɭɽơȥƎɭȶȟƎʠɭࡲ
áŔʋƃǠơƎࢎáþ-࢏ŔƎȍǬʋʧȟɃɭɽʠɢɭơɽɽȶɭnjơȥƎơ
ȟʠʋŔɽˊȶȥŹʠȍʠȥʠɭࡲ
èǫɽȇljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫ
• TüʋʧȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬ
ࡧʂǬɭǬŔȍȇȶȍȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬ
• •ɃȇȶɢȍŔȇǫ
• qáĪʋǫɢࠀࠅ࡫ࠀࠇ
• ‘ɭȶȥǫȇǫɭɭǫʋŔɽˊȶȥ
• áȍʠȟȟơɭʽǫȥɽȶȥɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
• ȇʋǫȥǫȇȇơɭŔʋȶ˖
• èŔƎˊŔɽˊȶȥ
þĔ‘èĔ‘%FŁƒqòþ•z‘•èz
ƒȥɽŔȥʽʧƃʠƎʠȥƎŔnjʧȥȍʧȇȶɭʋŔȍŔȟŔࠀ߿߿߿-ࠀࠄ߿߿ƃƃ
ʋʧȇɭʧȇɽŔȍnjǬɽǬȶȍʠʂȟŔȇʋŔȶȍʠɢŹʧˊʧȇŹǫɭȇǬɽȟǬ
ࢎहࠆ߿࢏ɽʠŹȟŔȥƎǫŹʠȍŔɭŹơ˖ƎơȥɽŔȍnjǬȍŔȥȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
áŔɭȶʋǫɽŹơ˖ǫȍơȥljȥȶƎʠɽǫɽʋơȟǫȥǫȥnjơȍǫʂǫȟǫȥƎơȥ
ɽȶȥɭŔȶȍʠʂʋʠǐʠǫƇǫȥǫƇơɭǫɽǫȥƎơȍơȥljȶǫƎƎȶȇʠ
ǫƇơɭƎǫǐǫʠȥʠʋʠȍȟŔȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
oÚġÚȲˏǨʄǨLJʄʠȜȾɧȊƟɧǨȢɝɧȲNJȢȲˏʙoÚġ¢ƟNJŔʄǨLJ
ʄʠȜȾɧȊƟɧǨȢɝɧȲNJȢȲˏʙȢƌŔȢƌŔǝŔǨ˃ǨƌǨɧࡲ
FȥƇȶȇŔȍʋƎʠƎŔǐǬȥȍŔʋơɭŔȍ ɽǬȥǬɭȍŔɭǬ࡫ŔǐǬ˖ʋŔŹŔȥǬʽơ
ǠŔɭȇơʋȍǫƎǫȍǫȥȍŔʋơɭŔȍ ɽǬȥǬɭȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȥnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
- eơȍǫʂǫȟȍơɭǫȥǫȥǫȍȇŔʂŔȟŔɽǬȥƎŔơȇ˖ȶljʋǫȇŹʧˊʧɭȍơɭ
ʽơɢŔȍɢŔŹȍȥȶƎʧȍȍơɭȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
- 7ŔǠŔƇȶȇȇơɭŔʋǫȥǫ˖ơǫˊǫƎǫljơɭŔȥɽǫˊơ ʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭƎǫɭࡲ
qǬ˖ȍŔȍơȥljŔʋǫȇʋʠʋʠȍʠȟˊŔɢŔɭȍŔɭࡲ•ơȥljȥȶƎʠ
ȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ȍŔɭǬȥǬǫȍȇǿʠnjʠȍȶƎǫnjŔɽʋɭǫȇŹɃȍnjơɽǫȥƎơȇǫ
ȍơȥljȥȶƎȍŔɭǬȥŔˊŔɢŔɭȍŔɭࡲ•ơȥljȥȶƎʠȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ǬʋŔȥǬ
ŔȥǬȥƎŔƎǫȍȇɃȇơȥȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟȍŔɭƎŔहࠄ߿࡫ŔǐǬ˖ʋŔŹŔȥǬ
ȇŔˊȥŔȇȍǬȍŔɭƎŔ हࠅ߿ࢫǬȥʧɽʋʧȥƎơƎǫɭࡲ
Siyaladenitler
• þʧȇɭʧȇŹơ˖ȍơɭǫȥǫȥǫȥljȍŔȟŔɽˊȶȥʠȥŔʽơɭǫȍơȥ
ǫɽǫȟƎǫɭࡲþʧȇɭʧȇŹơ˖ȍơɭǫȥƎơǫȥljȍŔȟŔɽˊȶȥʽǫɭŔȍ࡫
ŹŔȇʋơɭǫˊŔȍʽơˊŔȶʋȶǫȟȟʠȥȥơƎơȥȍơɭȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơ
njơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧ%ȶʂŔȍʋǬȟƎʠȇʋʠɽȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȇǫȶŹɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥ
ɽǫˊŔȍŔƎơȥǫʋȶȍʠʂʠȟʠȥƎŔȇǫŔɽǬȍȟơȇŔȥǫ˖ȟŔƎǬɭࡲ
þʧȇɭʧȇŹơ˖ǫȇŔȥŔȍȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȇǫʋŔʂȍŔɭȶŹɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥʠȥ
ŔɽǬȍɽơŹơŹǫɭࡲ
þʧȇɭʧȇŹơ˖ǫʋŔʂȍŔɭǬࢎɽǫˊŔȍȶȍǫʋǫŔ˖ǫɽ࢏ơȥɽǬȇʋŔʂ
ɽʠŹȟŔƎǫŹʠȍơɭŹơ˖ƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ òʠŹȟŔȥƎǫŹʠȍơɭ
Źơ˖ƎơɽǫˊŔȍȶȍǫʋǫˊŔ˖ǫɽǫȥƇȶȇnjɃɭʧȍȟơɽǫ࡫ŹʠŹơ˖
ɽŔȍnjǬɽǬȥǬȥƎŔǠŔʽǫɽȇɃ˖࡫ȟʠȇʠɽʋŔȥƎŔǠŔ˖ơȥnjǫȥʽơ
ȇŔȥŔȍǬȥnjơȥǫʂ࡫ȇǬɽȟơȥȇǬʽɭǬȟȍǬʽơŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȥ
ˊʠȇŔɭǬˊŔŹǫɭɽơˊǫɭǫ˖ȍơȥȟơɽǫˊȍơŔƇǬȇȍŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲþŔʂ
njơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơˁǠŔɭʋȶȥȇŔȥŔȍǬȥǬ ʋǬȇŔˊŔɭŔȇǫȥljȍŔȟŔɽˊȶȥ
ȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭࡲ
¶ƎȶȥʋȶȟŔ
¡ǫȥơ࡫ƎơȥʋǫȥɽơȟơȥʋʽơŹŔǐƎȶȇʠɽʠˊŔɢǬȍŔɭǬ
ǫƇơɭơȥ࡫ƎȶȇʠƎơǐǫʂǫȟǫȥơʠǐɭŔȟǬʂȶƎȶȥʋȶǿơȥǫȇ
ʋʧȟɃɭȶȍŔɭŔȇʋŔȥǬȟȍŔȥȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲòŔˊǬɽŔȍȶȍŔɭŔȇơȥɽǬȇ
ǫ˖ȍơȥơȥȶƎȶȥʋȶǿơȥǫȇʋʧȟɃɭƎʧɭࡲeơɭƇơȇŹǫɭ
ʋʧȟɃɭƎơȥƇȶȇǠŔȟŔɭʋȶȟȶȍŔɭŔȇȇŔŹʠȍơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
36
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
òǫˊŔȍȶȍǫʋǫŔ˖ǫɽnjɃɭʧȍȟơɽǬȇȍǬǐǬ
òǬȇȍǬȇȍŔࠂ߿– ࠄ߿ˊŔʂŔɭŔȍǬǐǬȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍơȥŹʠʋʧȟɃɭʧȥ
ƃơɭɭŔǠǫɽǫơɽȥŔɽǬȥƎŔljŔɽǫŔȍɽǫȥǫɭơ ƎǫȇȇŔʋ
ơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲहࠀ߿ȥʧȇɽơƎơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
• Submandibuler bez %83
ࡧáŔɭȶʋǫɽŹơ˖ǫहࠀ߿
ࡧòʠŹȍǫȥnjʠŔȍŹơ˖हࠆ
þĔ‘èĔŁ%FŁƒþĔ¡Äè•Fèƒ
- þʧȟʋʧȇɭʧȇŹơ˖ȍơɭǫŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔơȥɽǬȇʋʧȟɃɭ
njɃɭʧȍơȥŹơ˖ɢŔɭȶʋǫɽŹơ˖ǫƎǫɭࡲ ࢎहࠅࠄ- हࠆࠄ࢏eơɭǫȇŔȍŔȥ
ʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭǫȥŹʧˊʧȇȇǬɽȟǬɽʠŹȟŔȥƎǫŹʠȍơɭŹơ˖Ǝơ
njɃɭʧȍȟơȇʋơȶȍʠɢȟǫȥɃɭʋʧȇɭʧȇŹơ˖ȍơɭǫȥƎơʋʧȟɃɭ
njɃɭʧȍȟơɽǬȇȍǬǐǬȶȍƎʠȇƇŔȥŔƎǫɭƎǫɭࡲ
- õʠȄɧʠȄŸƟˏǨŸȲ˃ʙʄʙŔˏŔȊƌǩȄƅŔȜŔȊǨNJȢȊƟɻȜƟȲɧŔȢǩ
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ȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟࢎहࠀࠄ࢏
ĭǠŔɭʋǫȥʋʧȟɃɭʧࢎɢŔɢǫȍȍơɭ
ȇǫɽʋȶƎơȥȶȟŔ
ȍơȥljȶȟŔʋȶ˖ʠȟ࢏ࢎहࠄ- 10)
ƎơȥȶȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟࢎहࠀ߿࢏
¶ȥȇȶɽǫʋȶȟࢎहࠀ࢏
ƎơȥȶǫƎȇǫɽʋǫȇȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
ࢎहࠄ࢏
7ʠȇʋŔȍɢŔɢǫȍȍȶȟȍŔɭ
ɽǫȥʠɽǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
ࢎहࠄ࢏
7ǫǐơɭŔƎơȥȶȟȍŔɭ࡫ŹŔɽŔȍ
ǠʧƃɭơȍǫʽơȇŔȥŔȍǫȇʠȍơɭ
¡ŔȍǫnjȥȟǫˉʋʋʧȟɃɭࢎहࠂࠄ࢏
ĭǠŔɭʋǫȥþʧȟɃɭࢎáŔɢǫȍȍơɭ
‘ǫɽʋŔƎơȥȶȟŔȍơȥljȶȟŔʋȶ˖ʠȟ࢏
áȍơȶȟȶɭljǫȇŔƎơȥȶȟƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔǫȇǫȥƃǫ ơȥɽǬȇ njɃɭʧȍơȥ
ʋʧȟɃɭƎʧɭࡲFɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơƎŔǠŔɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ¶ɭʋŔȍŔȟŔ
njɃɭʧȍȟơˊŔʂǬࠄ߿– ࠆ߿ŔɭŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲeơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơɢŔɭȶʋǫɽ
Źơ˖ǫȥƎơ njɃɭʧȍơȥŹʠʋʧȟɃɭȇŔɢɽʧȍȍʧ࡫ŹơȥǫnjȥŹǫɭ
ʋʧȟɃɭƎʧɭࡲ
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ȲɧŔȢƌŔŔɧʄʄǩɧǩɧࡲ
ࡪõʠȄɧʠȄŸƟˏǨʄʠȜȾɧȊƟɧǨǨƅǨȢƌƟƟȢɷǩȄŸǨȊŔʄƟɧŔȊǨʄƟ
ȾˏƟȊȊǨǍǨȲȊŔȢʄʠȜȾɧƌʠɧࡲ
ࡧ¥ŔƎǫɭơȥƎơȶȍɽŔŹʠʋʧȟɃɭƎơȥȍơȥljȶȟŔnjơȍǫʂȟơ
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njɃɭʧȍơȥȟʠȇȶơɢǫƎơɭȟȶǫƎȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ʠȇȶơɢǫƎơɭȟȶǫƎȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟʠȥƇȶȇŹʧˊʧȇȇǬɽȟǬ
ɢŔɭȶʋǫɽŹơ˖ǫȥƎơȥȇŔˊȥŔȇȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
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ƂŔɧƂǨȢȲȜŔǨɷʄǝƟ
ȜȲɷʄƂȲȜȜȲȢ
ȜŔȊǨNJȢŔȢʄɷŔȊǨʶŔɧ˃
NJȊŔȢƌȢƟȲɝȊŔɷȜǨȢ
ƂǝǨȊƌɧƟȢ࡬LJȲȊȊȲʺƟƌŸ˃
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NJȊŔȢƌࡲ
- þʧȟʋʧȇɭʧȇŹơ˖ȍơɭǫǫƇơɭǫɽǫȥƎơ ơȥɽǬȇ njɃɭʧȍơȥ
ʋʧȟɃɭƎʧɭࡲ
- ĵŔʂŔɽȟǬȥࠂࡲࠄࡲ7ơȇŔʋǬȥƎŔƎŔǠŔɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- %ơȥǫnjȥȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭƎơƎǫɭʽơŹʧˊʧȟơǠǬ˖ǬȶȍƎʠȇƇŔ
ˊŔʽŔʂʋǬɭࡲ
- qǫɽʋȶȍȶǿǫȇljŔɭȇȍǬȇȶȟɢȶȥơȥʋȍơɭǫǫƇơɭȟơɽǫ
ȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơȟǫȇɽʋʋʧȟɃɭ ȶȍŔɭŔȇȇŔŹʠȍơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
qŔɽʋŔȍŔɭȇȍǫȥǫǐơnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơɢŔɭȶʋǫɽŹơ˖ǫȥơʠˊŔɭ
ȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥƎŔ ŔǐɭǬɽǬ˖ʂǫʂȍǫȇȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơ
ŹŔʂʽʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡲ¡ǫȥɃɭʋʧȇʧɭʧȇŹơ˖ǫȇŔˊȥŔȇȍǬ
ɢȍơȶȟȶɭljǫȇŔƎơȥȶȟȍŔɭǬȥơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍƎʧǐʧˊơɭɽơɭʋ
ʽơˊʠȟʠʂŔȇƎŔȟŔȇʋǬɭࡲ
37
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ƎơȥȶǫƎ‘ǫɽʋǫȇ‘ŔɭɽǫȥȶȟࢎòǫȍǫȥƎǫɭȶȟŔ࢏
ࡧòʠŹȟŔȥƎǫŹʠȍŔɭʽơȟǫȥɃɭʋʧȇɭʧȇŹơ˖ȍơɭǫȥǫȥơȥɽǬȇ
njɃɭʧȍơȥȟŔȍǫnjȥʋʧȟɃɭʧƎʧɭࡲ
ࡧFȥŔˊǬɭǬƃǬɃ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫɢơɭǫȥɃɭŔȍǫȥʽŔ˖ˊȶȥ
ȶȍʠʂʋʠɭȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲòǫȥǫɭˊȶȍʠˊȍŔǫ˖ȍơˊơȥŹʠʋʧȟɃɭƇȶȇ
ŔǐɭǬȍǬȇǫʋȍơȍơɭˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
7ǫˊŔɢŔ˖ȶȥþơɽʋȍơɭǫ
ĭơŹơɭþơɽʋǫ
- qŔȥnjǫȇʠȍŔȇʋŔȥơʋǫɢŹǫɭǫʂǫʋȟơȇŔˊŹǬȶȍƎʠǐʠȥʠ
ŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȇŔȟŔƃǬˊȍŔǠơɭǫȇǫȇʠȍŔǐǬȥȇơȟǫȇ
ˊȶȍʠȥƎŔȥǫʂǫʋȟơɽǫȥǫȥȇŔɭʂǬȍŔʂʋǬɭǬȍƎǬǐǬŹǫɭʋơɽʋʋǫɭࡲ
- 7ǫŔɢȶ˖ȶȥ ʋǫʋɭơʂʋǫɭǫȍƎǫȇʋơȥɽȶȥɭŔȇŔljŔʋŔɽǬ
ʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơȶɭʋŔǠŔʋʋŔŹǫɭȥȶȇʋŔˊŔ ࢇŔȊǩȢŔ࡬ŸʙɧʙȢ
ɷǩɧʄǩȢŔ࡬ȾȢƌǨɻȊƟɧǨȢȲɧʄŔɷǩȢŔʶɷࡲ࢈ ˊơɭȍơʂʋǫɭǫȍǫɭʽơ
ǠŔɽʋŔˊŔɽơɽǫȥơɭơƎơȥƎʠˊƎʠǐʠɽȶɭʠȍʠɭࡲ
áơɭǫȥɃɭŔȍǫȥʽŔ˖ˊȶȥˊŔɢŔȥʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭ
ࡧƎơȥȶǫƎȇǫɽʋǫȇȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
ࡧáŔȥȇɭơŔɽȇŔȥɽơɭǫ
ࡧáɭȶɽʋŔʋȇŔȥɽơɭǫ
‘č•‘qòþ•z‘•èz
èǫȥȥơþơɽʋǫ
7ǫˊŔɢŔ˖ȶȥȇʠȍŔȇˊȶȍʠȥƎŔȥȟŔɽʋȶǫƎȇơȟǫȇʧ˖ơɭǫȥơ
ȇȶȥʠȍŔɭŔȇǠŔɽʋŔȥǬȥɽơɽǫŔȍnjǬȍŔȟŔƎʠɭʠȟʠ
ƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭǫȍǫɭࡲ¥ȶɭȟŔȍƎơǠŔʽŔǫȍơʋǫȟǫȇơȟǫȇʋơȥ
ƎŔǠŔǠǬ˖ȍǬȶȍʠɭࡲFǐơɭȇơȟǫȇǫȍơʋǫȟǫƎŔǠŔʠ˖ʠȥ
ʋơɽɢǫʋơƎǫȍǫɭɽơȶȇʠȍŔȇʋŔǫȍơʋǫȟʋǫɢǫȥƎơǫʂǫʋȟơ
ȇŔˊŹǬȥǬȥȶȍƎʠǐʠȥʠnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ
ƒʂǫʋȟơFˊȍơȟǫ
38
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
òơȥɽɃɭǫȥɃɭŔȍƒʂǫʋȟơ‘ŔˊǬɢȍŔɭǬòơŹơɢȍơɭǫ
ʽơŔȥʋǫǠǫɽʋŔȟǫȥǫȇơʋȇǫȍơɭǫȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơŹʠǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥ
ʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭȍŔɭࡲ
- òȇȶɢȶȍŔȟǫȥ
- %ơʋŔǠǫɽʋǫƎǫȥࢇoǨɷʄŔȜǨȢŔȢŔȊȲNJʙ࢈
- þʠ˖ɽʠ˖ʽơɢȶʋŔɽˊʠȟƎơɽʋơȇȍǫƎǫơʋ࡫ɽơʋŔ˖ȶȍŔȟǫƎ
ࡧqơɭơƎǫʋơɭ
ࡧþɭŔʽȟŔ
ࡧ‘ɭȶȥǫȇȶʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔ
ࡧ‘ȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍ࡫ŔȥȥơƎơɭʠŹơȍȍŔ࡫ɽǫljǫȍǫ˖࡫ʽǫɭŔȍ
ơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭࢎþ¶è-q࢏
ࡧáɭơɽŹǫŔȇʧ˖ǫࡪ ĵŔʂŔŹŔǐȍǬ࡫ŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍɽǫȟơʋɭǫȇ
ɽơȥɽɃɭǫȥɃɭŔȍǫʂǫʋȟơȇŔˊŹǬࡲ
ࡧƒȍŔƇȍŔɭࡪŔȟǫȥȶnjȍǫȇȶ˖ǫƎȍơɭ࡫ljʠɭȶɽơȟǫƎ࡫ȇǫȥǫȥ࡫
ȇȍȶɭȶȇǫȥ࡫ɽǫɽɢȍŔʋǫȥ࡫Ǝǫʠɭơʋǫȇȍơɭࡲ
ࡧč˖ʠȥɽʧɭơȍǫˊʧȇɽơȇnjʧɭʧȍʋʧࢎࠃ߿߿߿Ǡ˖ʧɽʋʧ࢏
ࡧ¡ơȥǫơɭơǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
-ơɭɭŔǠǫ
7ǫɭơȥƇȍǫȶȍnjʠȍŔɭƎŔơȥƎȶȍơȥljŔʋǫȇɽŔȇ
ƎơȇŔȟɢȶɭơɽˊȶȥʠ࡫ǫȥʋɭŔʋǫȟɢŔȥǫȇȇȶɭʋǫȇȶɽʋơɭǫȶǫƎ
ơȥǿơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠ࡫ʽơɽʋǫŹʠȍʠɭŔŹȍŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ʽơɽʋǬŹʠȍơɭɽǫȥǫɭ
ȇơɽǫɽǫ࡫ȍŔŹǫɭơȥʋơȇʋȶȟǫࡲ
ƒ•Fþƒ¡þƒáƒƒ÷ƒþ¡F‘ĵzá•èz
ࡧ7ǬʂȇʠȍŔȇˊȶȍʠȥʠƎȶȍƎʠɭŔȥŹʠʂȶȥ
ࡧ7ǬʂȇʠȍŔȇˊȶȍʠȥʠȥȇȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍʽơˊŔŔȇȇǫ˖Ŕʋɭơ˖ǫɽǫ
ࡧ7ǬʂȇʠȍŔȇˊȶȍʠȥʠƎȶȍƎʠɭŔȥɢȶȍǫɢʽơʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭ
ࡧFȇ˖ȶɽʋȶ˖
ࡧ%ʠȍȍȶ˖ȟǫɭǫȥǿǫʋ
ࡧ‘ʠȍŔȇ˖ŔɭǬɢơɭljȶɭŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ‘ɭȶȥǫȇ࡫ŔȇʠʋɽʠɢȶɭŔʋǫljʽơɽơȇɭơʋʠŔɭȶʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔ
ࡧ‘ơȟǫȇƇǫȇ˖ǫȥƃǫɭƎơljǫȇɽŔɽˊȶȥˊŔɢŔȥɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȍơɭ
ࢎȶʋȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖ʽơʋǫȟɢŔȥȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖࢏
¡ơȥǫơɭơqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
› VFèþƒe¶
› K蕑þ7¶•eč¥•č‘
› ƒ÷ƒþ¡F‘ĵ%z
› þƒ¥¥ƒþčò
¶ʋȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖
- òʋŔɢơɽʋŔŹŔȥǬȥǬȥ
ljǫȇɽŔɽˊȶȥʠ ɽȶȥʠƃʠ
ǫȍơʋǫȟʋǫɢǫǫʂǫʋȟơ
ȇŔˊŹǬˊȍŔ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơȶʋǫȇ
ȇŔɢɽʧȍʧȥɢɭǫȟơɭ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬƎǬɭʽơ
ɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ɽɢȶȥnjǫɃ˖ȇơȟǫȇȶȍʠʂʠȟʠʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- ¶ʋȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖ȍŔŹǫɭơȥʋȇŔɢɽʧȍʧȥɢɭǫȟơɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
- bȍȶɭơȇɽǫȇȍǫǐǫ࡫Ƈǫȥȇȶơȇɽǫȇȍǫǐǫʽơ ŔǫȍơʽǫnjơƇǫʂ
ȶʋȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖njơȍǫʂǫȟǫȥƎơɃȥơȟȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
- áɭȶnjɭơɽǫljɽơˊǫɭnjɃɽʋơɭơȥǫȍơʋǫȟʋǫɢǫʽơˊŔȟǫȇɽʋ
ʋǫɢʋơȇǫǫʂǫʋȟơȇŔˊŹǬǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥǬȥơȥɃȥơȟȍǫ
ɽơȟɢʋȶȟʽơŹʠȍnjʠɽʠƎʠɭࡲ
- þơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔȥʽơɭʋǫnjȶʽơˁǫȍȍǫɽɢŔɭŔȇʠ˖ǫɽǫ
ࢎnjʧɭʧȍʋʧȍʧȶɭʋŔȟƎŔƎŔǠŔǫˊǫƎʠˊȟŔ࢏ɽƃǠˁŔɭʋ˖ơ
ŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫࢎȶʋȶɽȇȶɢȟʠŔˊơȥơɽǫȥƎơɢɭȶȟȶʋȶɭˊʠȟ
ʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơǠǫɢơɭơȟǫnjɃɭʧȍȟơɽǫŔȇʋǫljǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
njɃɽʋơɭǫɭ࢏ʋǫȥȥǫʋʠɽ
- ¡ơȥǫơɭơǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥƎŔơȥƎȶȍơȥljɽŔȍǬȥǬȟljŔ˖ȍŔȍǬǐǬ
ʽơơȥƎȶȍơȥljơȟǫȍǫȟŔ˖ȍǬǐǬʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- áɭȶnjɭơɽǫljɽơȥɽȶɭǫȥȶɭŔȍǫʂǫʋȟơ ȇŔˊŹǬˊŔɢŔȥŹʠ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơࢎहࠇ߿࢏ʋơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
- qŔɽɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔɽơɽǫȥʋȶȍơɭŔȥɽǬࢎɭơȇɭʠǫʋȟơȥʋ࢏ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- ĪơɭʋǫnjȶŔʋŔȇȍŔɭǬŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔǫʂǫʋȟơƎơɢɭȶŹȍơȟ
ˊȶȇʋʠɭࡲ
- ĪơɭʋǫnjȶŔʋŔȇȍŔɭǬࡷŔȥǫŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇȍǬƎǬɭʽơȇʠɽȟŔơʂȍǫȇ
ơƎơɭࡲ
- ‘ʠȍŔȇʋŔƎȶȍnjʠȥȍʠȇʽơŹŔɽǬȥƇǠǫɽɽǫȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
- ¡ơȥǫơɭơǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥƎŔȇʠȍŔȇʋŔŔǐɭǬȶȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫ
- 7ǫˊơʋʋơȇǫʋʠ˖Ŕ˖ŔȍʋǬȍǬɢɢȶʋŔɽˊʠȟƎŔ˖ơȥnjǫȥnjǬƎŔȍŔɭ
ŔȍǬȥȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
- ¡ơƎǫȇŔȍࡷ7ǫȟơȥǠǫƎɭǫȥŔʋࡪòòòࢫˊơnjơƇơȥŹǫɭǫȥƃǫ
ȇʠʂŔȇŔȥʋǫǠǫɽʋŔȟǫȥǫȇȶȍŔȥǫȍŔƇŔȥʋǫȇȶȍǫȥơɭǿǫȇ
ơʋȇǫȍơɭǫȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơʽơɭʋǫnjȶʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭȍŔɭࡲ
- bơȥȶʋǫŔ˖ǫȥnjɭʠŹʠŔȥʋǫɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇȍơɭࡪȥʋǫȇȶȍǫȥơɭǿǫȇ
- ¶ʋȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖ƎŔȟơȥǫơɭơǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬnjǫŹǫȇʠȍŔȇȍŔŔǐɭǬ
ȶȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơɽʋŔɢơƎơȇʋȶȟǫ ˊŔɢǬȍŔɭŔȇǫȥȇʠɽʽơȶʽŔȍ
ɢơȥƃơɭơŔɭŔɽǬȥŔʋơljȍȶȥɢǫɽʋȶȥȇȶȥʠȍʠɭࡲ
39
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ȇʠʋòʠɢʠɭŔʋǫlj¶ʋǫʋǫɽ¡ơƎǫŔ
- FȥɽǬȇࠅ– ࠀࠁŔˊȍŔɭŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ¶ɭʋŔȇʠȍŔȇ
ȟʠȇȶ˖ŔɽǬʽơȟŔɽʋȶǫƎǠʧƃɭơȍơɭǫȥơȥljơȇʋǫlj
ǫȥljȍŔȟŔɽˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
- Fȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơࢎहࠈࠄ࢏ȥŔɽȶljŔɭơȥȇɽʋơȥ
ɃɽʋŔȇǫƇơʽɭơɽǫȥƎơȇǫȍơȥljŔʋǫȇȍơɭˊȶȍʠˊȍŔŔɽơƎŔȥ
njơȍǫɭࡲ
Fʋȇơȥȍơɭǫ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥòࡲáȥɃȟȶȇȶȇȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ7ǫǐơɭȍơɭǫqࡲƒȥljȍʠơȥ˖Ŕ࡫¡ȶɭŔȇɽơȍȍŔȇŔʋŔɭŔȍǫɽʽơòࡲ
áˊȶnjơȥơɽʋǫɭࡲ
ࡧࠄˊŔʂŔȍʋǬƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔqࡲƒȥljȍʠơȥ˖ŔɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
7z÷ ‘č•‘ĵ¶•čáþ¶•¶ƒ•Fèƒ
ࡧFȇɽʋơɭȥŔȍȶʋǫʋ
ࡧ7ǬʂȇʠȍŔȇˊȶȍʠȥƎŔŔǐɭǬʽơȇŔʂǬȥʋǬʂǫȇŔˊơʋǫˊȍơ
ŹŔʂʽʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧ%ʠʂȶȥ
ࡧ‘ʠȍŔȇˊȶȍʠȥƎŔȇŔȥŔȟŔ
ࡧFɭȶ˖ˊȶȥ
ࡧ‘ʠȍŔǐǬȥȥơȟȍǫȇŔȍȟŔɽǬơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȶȍʠʂȟŔɽǬȥŔ
ȇȶȍŔˊȍŔʂʋǬɭǬƃǬljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭƎơȥƎǫɭࡲ
ÄɽʋŔȇǫʋʧɢʧƎǫɽljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥʠơȥɃȥơȟȍǫȥơƎơȥƎǫɭࡲ
- ƒ˖ȶȍơơȇɽʋơɭȥŔȍȶʋǫʋǫȥơȥɽǬȇɽơŹơŹǫòࡲʠɭơʠɽʋʠɭࡲ
- 7ǬʂȇʠȍŔȇˊȶȍʠȥƎŔȇǫƎǫǐơɭơʋȇơȥȍơɭɽǬȇȍǬȇȍŔáࡲ
ơɭʠnjǫȥȶɽŔ࡫áɭȶʋơʠɽʽʠȍnjŔɭǫɽʽơɽʋɭơɢʋȶȇȶȇȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- ȇʠʋƎɃȥơȟƎơȇʠȍŔȇʋŔȇǫɃƎơȟǫŔ˖ŔȍʋǬƃǬ
ŔȍʧȟǫȥˊʠȟɽʠŹŔɽơʋŔʋहࠁ– ࠃʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
- ɽǫƎǫȇŔȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇȍǫƎŔȟȍŔɭࢎŔȟǫȥȶnjȍǫȇȶ˖ǫƎʽơ
ȇǫȥȶȍȶȥ࢏ʽơɭǫȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- 7ŔǠŔɽȶȥɭŔȇȶɭʋǫ˖ȶȥȍʠŔȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇȍǫƎŔȟȍŔȍŔɭ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
¡ŔȍǫnjȥFȇɽʋơɭȥŔȍ¶ʋǫʋ
èǫɽȇbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫ
ࡧFʋȇơȥǫȥơȥɽǬȇáࡲơɭʠnjǫȥȶɽŔȶȍƎʠǐʠȟŔȍǫnjȥ
ơȇɽʋơɭȥŔȍȶʋǫʋǫȟȟʠȥɽʠɢɭơɽơǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ʠȍŔȇȇŔȥŔȍǬȥƎŔnjɭŔȥʠȍŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ȇʠȍŔȇŔȇǬȥʋǬɽǬʽơ
ƎơɭǫȥȇʠȍŔȇŔǐɭǬɽǬȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
ࡧFɭȇơȇȶȍȟŔȇ
ࡧ%ǫŹơɭȶȥȍŔŹơɽȍơȥȟơ
ࡧȍȍơɭǿǫ
ࡧFɭȇơȥ¶¡njơƇǫɭȟơ
ࡧáŔɽǫljɽǫnjŔɭŔǫƇǫȟǫ
ࡧòȶɽˊȶơȇȶȥȶȟǫȇƎʧ˖ơˊ
ࡧǫȍơǠǫȇŔˊơɽǫ
ࡧFʽƎơʽǫɭŔȍơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥnjơƇǫɭơȥȇǫʂǫʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ
ࡧbŔɭǫȥnjȶɃ˖ơljŔǿǫŔȍɭơljȍʧ
Fʽɭơȍơɭǫ
qǫɢơɭơȟǫ ơʽɭơɽǫ
ࡧ¡ǫȇɭȶȶɭnjŔȥǫ˖ȟŔȶɭʋŔȇʠȍŔǐŔʠȍŔʂǬȥƃŔ
ȟʠȇȶɢơɭǫɽʋȶʠȟʠȥǫȍȇɭơŔȇɽǫˊȶȥʠǠǫɢơɭơȟǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɃȥơȟȍǫɽơȟɢʋȶȟȇʠȍŔȇŔǐɭǬɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫƎơzĪƃǫɢɭȶljȍȶȇɽŔɽǫȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ-ơɭɭŔǠǫ
ƎơŹɭǫƎȟŔȥˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
40
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
èơ˖ȶȍʠɽˊȶȥ
- þơƎŔʽǫƎʧ˖njʧȥˊŔɢǬȍǬɭɽŔɽơȇơȍŹǬɭŔȇȟŔƎŔȥ
ǫˊǫȍơʂǫɭࡲ
FȇʠɽʠƎŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧǐɭǬŔɭʋŔɭ࡫ŔʋơʂŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥȍơʂǫɭʽơʋŔŹȍȶˊŔǫʂǫʋȟơ
Ŕ˖ȍǬǐǬŹơȇȍơȥǫɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ʠȇȶɢơɭǫȶɽʋơʠȟƎŔȇǫnjơȥǫʂȍơȟǫʂƎŔȟŔɭȍŔɭƎŔȥ
ơȇɽʠƎŔɽˊȶȥȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ʠŔˊơȥơƎơȇʠȍŔȇ˖ŔɭǬŹȶȟŹơʽơǠǫɢơɭơȟǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ǫɭǫȥnjȶʋȶȟǫơȇɽʠƎŔɽˊȶȥơʽɭơɽǫȥƎơˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
‘ȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥơʽɭơɽǫ
- þʧȟ¶¡ȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬǫƇǫȥƎơơȥɽǬȇ
ȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȟŔɽʋȶǫƎǫʋʋǫɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇǫȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥˊŔȍȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȟơȥơȥǿǫʋʋǫɭࡲ
‘ʠȍŔȇ˖ŔɭǬɢȶɽʋơɭȶǫȥljơɭǫȶɭʠȥƎŔȥƎơȍǫȥǫɭࡲ
¶¡‘ȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࠀ࢏FȇɽʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍ‘ȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
‘ȶŔȍơɽŔȥȟŔɽʋȶǫƎǫʋ
- ¶¡ࢫȥǫȥơȥɽǬȇȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
òʠŹɢơɭǫȶɽʋŔȍŔŹɽơࡪFȥɽǬȇɢȶɽʋơʠɭǫȇʧȍơɭŹɃȍnjơƎơ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ%ʠɭŔƎŔȥˊŔˊǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
òʋơɭȥȶƃȍơǫȶƎȶȟŔɽʋȶǫƎŔƎơȍơˊơˊŔˊǬȍǬɭɽŔ%ơ˖ȶȍƎ
ŔŹɽơɽǫ࡫ƎǫnjŔɽʋɭǫȇŔƎơȍơȥǫȥʽơȥʋơɭɢȶɽʋơɭǫȶȥʠȥŔ
ˊŔǬȍǬɭɽŔ-ǫʋơȍȍǫŔŹɽơɽǫƎơȥǫɭࡲ
bŔɽǫŔȍɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫ
- •ŔŹǫɭơȥʋǫʋࡪ•ŔŹǫɭơȥʋljǫɽʋʧȍʧȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲFȥɽǬȇȍŔʋơɭŔȍ
ɽơȟǫɽǫɭȇʧȍơɭȇŔȥŔȍƎŔȶȍʠɭࡲ
òʠɢʠɭŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧ‘ʠȍŔȇ˖ŔɭǬɢơɭljȶɭơȶȍȟʠʂʋʠɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ʠŔˊơȥơƎơƎǬʂȇʠȍŔȇˊȶȍʠȥƎŔɢʧɭʧȍŔȥȟŔʋơɭˊŔȍ
ʽŔɭƎǬɭ࡫˖ŔɭǠǫɢơɭơȟǫȇ࡫ȟŔɽơɭơʽơɢơɭljȶɭơƎǫɭࡲ
- áơʋɭȶ˖ǫʋࡪeɭŔƎơȥǫnjȶɽơȥƎɭȶȟȟʠȥŔˊȶȍŔƇŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- eɭŔƎơȥǫnjȶòơȥƎɭȶȟʠȇɭȶȥǫȇŔʋǫʋ࡫ljŔɽǫŔȍɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫ࡫
ʽơɭʋǫnjȶʽơࠄࡲʽơࠅࡲòǫȥǫɭƎŔȍȍŔɭǬȥƎŔŔǐɭǬǫȍơ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ‘ʠȍŔȇʋŔŔȇǬȥʋǬ࡫ƎǫɢȍȶɢǫʽơnjɃ˖
ŔɭȇŔɽǬȥƎŔŔǐɭǬǫȍơɽơˊɭơƎơɭȍơɭࡲ
2) ƒȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭࡪ
- FȇɽʋɭŔƎʠɭŔȍŔŹɽơࡪʠnjʠȍơɭʽơȥơŹŔɽǬȍƎǬǐǬȥƎŔ
ȇʠȍŔȇŔȇǬȥʋǬɽǬȥǬȥŔɭʋȟŔɽǬʋǫɢǫȇŹʠȍnjʠɽʠƎʠɭࡲ
- òʠŹƎʠɭŔȍŔŹɽơ
- %ơˊǫȥŔŹɽơɽǫࡪFȥɽǬȇŹơˊǫȥŔŹɽơɽǫȥơƎơȥǫȶʋǫʋʋǫɭࡲ
¶ʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔƎŔȇǫơȥɽǬȇɃȍʧȟȥơƎơȥǫƎǫɭࡲ
•ŔʋơɭŔȍɽǫȥʧɽʋɭȶȟŹȶljȍơŹǫʋǫࡪFȥɽǬȇǠơȟŔȍǫʋǫȇ
ɽʋɭơɢʋơȇȶȇȍŔɭȍŔȶȍʠɭࡲFȥȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫɽʋǫȇŹʠȍnjʠɽʠ
ŹŔƃŔȇȍǬŔʋơʂʋǫɭࡲ
¡ơȥơȥǿǫʋࡪ¶¡ࢫȥǬȥơȥɽǬȇǫȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍ
ȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
¶ʋǫʋǫȇǠǫƎɭŔɽơljŔȍǫࡪ¶¡ࢫƎŔȥŹǫɭȇŔƇǠŔljʋŔɽȶȥɭŔ
‘ǫ%òŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬȥǬȥȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇȟŔɽǬǫȍơ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
‘ȶŔȍơɽŔȥòŔljǠŔ
- Fȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠȥʠ˖ŔȟŔɽǬƎʠɭʠȟʠȥƎŔ
ȟʠȇȶɢơɭǫȶɽʋơɭʠȟȇŔȍǬȥȍŔʂǬɭʽơɢʧɭʧȍŔȥȟŔʋơɭˊŔȍǫȥ
ƎɭơȥŔǿǬơȥnjơȍȍơȥǫɭࡲ¡ŔɽʋȶǫƎǠʧƃɭơȍơɭƎơǫɽȇơȟǫʽơ
ɽʋŔ˖ȍŔŔɽǫƎȶ˖ȶȍʠɭʽơȇŔȍɽǫˊʠȟƇɃ˖ʧȥʧɭࡲ¡ŔɽʋȶǫƎ
ǠʧƃɭơȍơɭŹǫɭȍơʂơɭơȇʋơȇŹǫɭŹȶʂȍʠȇȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭࡲ
- %ʠɽŔljǠŔȥǬȥơȥɃȥơȟȍǫȥȶȇʋŔɽǬɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬȥ
ʠ˖ŔȟȟŔɽǬʽơˊŔǠŔljǫljȍơȟǫʂȶȍŔȥɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬȥǫȇǫ
ǠŔljʋŔǫƇǫȥƎơʋơȇɭŔɭȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
¶ʋǫʋǫɽ¡ơƎǫŔƃǫȍȍơɭǫ
ࡧ-ǫƎƎǫǐɭǬ
ࡧbŔɽˊŔȍɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫ
ࡧĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥʽơˊŔǫȟȟʠɽʠɢɭơɽơǠŔɽʋŔ
ࡧƒȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫˊŔȍȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʂʧɢǠơɽǫ
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þơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧ÷ǫƎƎơʋȍǫŔǐɭǬ࡫ȇȶȟɢǫȇŔɽˊȶȥࢎȟŔɽʋȶǫƎǫʋ࡫ȟơȥơȥǿǫʋ࢏
ʽŔɭȍǬǐǬȥƎŔȟǫɭǫȥnjȶʋȶȟǫࢎɢȶɽʋơɭȶǫȥljơɭǫȶɭ࢏
ơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧȟȶȇɽǫɽǫȍǫȥऋ‘ȍŔʽʠȍŔȥǫȇ Ŕɽǫʋ
ࡧòơljŔȇȍȶɭ
ࡧFɭǫʋɭȶȟǫɽǫȥ
ࡧèơȇʠɭɭơȥʋ¶¡ࢫƎơࠀ-ࠂŔˊþ¡áऋò¡ĴʽơˊŔ
ŔȟȶȇɽǫɽǫȍǫȥɢɭȶljǫȍŔȇɽǫɽǫʽơɭǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
- ‘ȶȍơɽʋơŔʋȶȟŔȇʠȍŔȇ˖ŔɭǬȥƎŔɢơɭljȶɭŔɽˊȶȥŔŹŔǐȍǬ
ƎǬʂȇʠȍŔȇˊȶȍʠơɢǫʋơȍǫȶɭʋŔȇʠȍŔǐŔǫȍơɭȍơɭʽơ
ȇȶȥɽŔȥʋɭǫȇʋŔŹŔȇŔȍŔɭŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȇȶȍơɽʋơɭȶȍ
ȇɭǫɽʋŔȍȍơɭǫȶȍʠʂȟŔɽǬˊȍŔȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍǫɭࡲ
òơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭ
ࡧ‘ȶˊʠ࡫Ŕ˖ȟǫȇʋŔɭƎŔɢǫɽȇȶȇʠȍʠȇʠȍŔȇŔȇǬȥʋǬɽǬ
ࡧ‘ʠȍŔȇ˖ŔɭǬʽơȇơȟǫȇƇǫȇǠŔɽŔɭǬȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ȶȍơɽʋơȶʋȶȟŔơȥǫˊǫ7ǫljljʠ˖ˊȶȥ¡èǫȍơʋơʂǠǫɽ
ơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧFȥljơȇʋơƎơŹɭǫɽȍơɭǫȥƇǬȇŔɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧ¶ɭŔȍɽǫɢɭȶljȍȶȇɽŔɽǫȥǫȍơȇʠȍŔȇŔȇǬȥʋǬɽǬɃȥȍơȥǫɭࡲ
ࡧþǫȟɢŔȥ˖ŔɭƃơɭɭŔǠǫȶȍŔɭŔȇʋơȟɢȶɭŔȍȇŔɽ
ljŔɽˊŔɽǬȥƎŔȥɭơȇȶȥɽʋɭʠȇʋơơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ŔɽʋȶǫƎǫɭɭơʽơɭɽǫŹȍȶȍŔɭŔȇȇɭȶȥǫȇơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥƎŔȥ
ơʋȇǫȍơȥȟơȟǫʂɽơɭŔƎǫȇŔȍȟŔɽʋȶǫƎơȇʋȶȟǫˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
òơȇɭơʋʠŔɭ¶ʋǫʋǫɽ¡ơƎǫŔ
- òơȇɭơʋʠŔɭࢎơljʧ˖ˊȶȥȍʠएɽơɭɃ˖࢏ȶʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔȶɭʋŔ
ȇʠȍŔȇʋŔơȥljơȇɽˊǫȶȥŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬȶȍȟŔȇɽǬ˖ǬȥɽǬʽǬ
ʋȶɢȍŔȥȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇࠂ-ࠇˊŔʂʋŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- FɭǫʂȇǫȥǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔɽơɭɃ˖ȶʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔ
njɃɭʧȍƎʧǐʧȥƎơȥŔ˖ȶljɭŔǫȥȇɽȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟʠȥƎŔȥ
ʂʧɢǠơȍơȥǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
¡ǫɭǫȥnjȶʋȶȟǫFȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧþơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔȥŔȇʠʋȶʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔࢎࠅŔˊƎŔࠂ࡫ˊǬȍƎŔ
ࠃࢫʋơȥljŔ˖ȍŔ࢏
ࡧFljʧ˖ˊȶȥȍʠȇɭȶȥǫȇȶʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔ
ࡧÄɽʋŔȇǫʋʧŹʧƎǫɽljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥʠ
ࡧ%ŔɭȶʋɭŔʽȟŔ
ࡧbŔɽˊŔȍɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫ
Fʋˊȶȍȶǿǫ
ƒƇơɭǫɽǫȥƎơơȥɃȥơȟȍǫʽǫɭŔȍǫȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
‘ɭȶȥǫȇ¶ʋǫʋǫɽ¡ơƎǫŔ
ࡧĵŔȥȍǬʂʽơˊơʋơɭɽǫ˖ŔȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫɽȶȥʠƃʠ
ȶȍʠʂŔȥ¶¡ʋơȇɭŔɭǬʽơȇʠȍŔȇ˖ŔɭǬɢơɭljȶɭŔɽˊȶȥʠ
ɽȶȥʠƃʠȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥȍơɭǫࡪáࡲŔơɭʠnjǫȥȶɽŔ࡫áɭȶʋơʠɽɽɢơƃǫơɽ࡫
òʋŔɢǠˊȍȶƃȶƃƃʠɽŔʠɭơʠɽʽơȟǫȇɽʋŔȥŔơɭȶŹǫȇ
ơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥ
¡ʠŔˊơȥơ%ʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬ
ࡧF¶¡ࢫƎŔ˖ŔɭǬȥnjɃɭʧȥʧȟʧ
ࡧ7ŔȟŔɭȍŔȥȟŔŔɭʋǬʂǬ
ࡧ¡Ŕʋ˖Ŕɭ
ࡧŁŔɭǬȥŔɭȇŔɽǬȥƎŔǠŔʽŔȇŔŹŔɭƃȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
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áŔʋȶnjơȥơ˖
ࡧƒɭɭǫʋŔɽˊȶȥŔŹŔǐȍǬȶɭʋŔȇʠȍŔȇȟʠȇȶ˖ŔɽǬ
ȟơʋŔɢȍŔ˖ǫˊơʠǐɭŔˊŔɭŔȇnjȶŹȍơʋǠʧƃɭơɽŔˊǬʽơɽŔȍnjǬɽǬ
ŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
ࡧ¶ɭʋŔȇʠȍŔȇʋŔȟʠȇȶǫƎȟŔʋơɭˊŔȍŹǫɭǫȇǫɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ǬʽŔȟǬƎơǐǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧ1ȶȇˊŔɢǬʂȇŔȥȶȍƎʠǐʠȥƎŔȥࢨnjȍʠơơŔɭࢩƎơȥǫɭࡲ
qǫɢơɭŹŔɭǫȇȶȇɽǫǿơȥʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȶȍŔȥǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔȶɭʋŔ
ȇʠȍŔȇɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȍơɭǫȥǫȥɃȥȍơȥȟơɽǫࢎ÷ǫƎƎơʋȍǫŔǐɭǬ࡫
ǠơȟȶʋǫȟɢŔȥǫʠȟ࡫F¶¡࢏
¶èþ‘č•‘þĔ¡Äè•Fèƒ
- FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥʋʧȟɃɭʧnjȍȶȟʠɽʋǫȟɢŔȥǫȇʠȟ
- FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥȟŔȍǫnjȥʋʧȟɃɭʧɽɩʠŔȟȶ˖
ࢎơɢǫƎơɭȟȶǫƎ࢏Ǡʧƃɭơȍǫ-ŔࢫƎǬɭࡲ
‘ȍǫȥǫȇ
ࡧFɽŔɽɽơȟɢʋȶȟ ǫʂǫʋȟơŔ˖ȍǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔǫʂǫʋȟơŔ˖ȍǬǐǬȥǬȥơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥǫƎǫɭࡲ
eȍȶȟʠɽǿʠnjʠȍŔɭơʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭǫࢎáŔɭŔnjŔȥnjȍǫȶȟȍŔɭ࢏
- ‘ŔɭȶʋǫɽŹǫljʠɭȇŔɽˊȶȥʠȥƎŔȥȇɃȇơȥŔȍǬɭɽŔnjȍȶȟʠɽ
ȇŔɭȶʋǫȇʠȟƎʠɭࡲ‘ŔɭŔʋǫɽŹǫljʠɭȇŔɽˊȶȥʠȥƎŔɽơɭʋŹǫɭ
ȇǫʋȍơʽŔɭƎǬɭʽơŹȶˊʠȥƎŔɢʠȍɽŔʋǫȍ࡫ʧljʧɭʧȟŔȍǬȥŔȥ
ȇǫʋȍơʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- ʠnjʠȍơɭŹʠȍŹƎŔȥȇɃȇơȥŔȍǬɭɽŔnjȍȶȟʠɽǿʠnjʠȍŔɭơ
ƎơȥǫɭʽơǿʠnjʠȍŔɭljȶɭŔȟơȥɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠࢎࠈࡲࠀ߿ࡲࠀࠀࡲɽǫȥǫɭ
ɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫȍơɭǫ࢏ǫȍơŹȶˊʠȥƎŔɢʠȍɽŔʋǫȍȇǫʋȍơʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧࠁࠀnjʧȥȍʧȇŔȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫʽơƎơȇȶȥǿơɽʋŔȥ
ʽơɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
ĪơȥʋǫȍŔɽˊȶȥþʧɢʧFȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
èơȇʧɭɭơȥŔȇʠʋȶʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔ
‘ɭȶȥǫȇFljljʧ˖ˊȶȥȍʠȶʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔˊŔơʂȍǫȇơƎơȥ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫˊơɭŔǐȟơȥơljljʧ˖ˊȶȥʠȥࠂŔˊƎŔȥljŔ˖ȍŔ
ɽʧɭȟơɽǫ
ࡧƒʂǫʋȟơȇŔˊŹǬȥǬȥljŔ˖ȍŔȍǬǐǬࢎऑࠃ߿Ǝ%࢏
ࡧ1ȶƃʠǐʠȥȇȶȥʠʂȟŔɽǬȥƎŔnjơƃǫȇȟơ
ࡧFljljʧ˖ˊȶȥʠȥǫȇǫʋŔɭŔljȍǬȶȍŔɭŔȇƎơʽŔȟơʋȟơɽǫ
ࡧ‘ǬʂŔnjǫɭȟơ
þǫȟɢŔȥǫȇȟơȟŹɭŔȥƎŔɭơʋɭŔȇɽǫˊȶȥŔơʂȍǫȇơƎơȥ
ࡧƒȥʽŔǿǫȥŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧ¡ŔȥǫŹɭǫʠȟȟŔȍȍơǫƎơƎǫȇȍơʂȟơ
ࡧƎơ˖ǫʽȶʋǫʋ
¶ʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔˊŔʽơˊŔÄɽʋŔȇǫʋʧɢʧƎǫɽljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥʠȥŔ
ơʂȍǫȇơƎơȥ
ࡧ‘ɭŔȥǫȶljŔɽǫˊŔȍŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭࢎĵŔɭǬȇƎŔȟŔȇ࡫ˊŔɭǬȇ
ƎʠƎŔȇ࢏
ࡧ7ȶˁȥɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧƒȟȟȶʋǫȍɽǫȍǫˊŔɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ࡫ȟʠȇȶʽǫɽǫƎȶ˖
ࡧFȇɽơȥɽȶɭǫȥɃɭŔȍǫʂǫʋȟơȇŔˊŹǬ
ࡧ¥Ŕ˖ŔȍʽơȥŔ˖ȶljŔɭǫȥnjơŔȍɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȍơɭ
ࡧèŔƎˊȶʋơɭŔɢǫ
Fǐơɭࠈࡲ‘ɭŔȥǫŔȍɽǫȥǫɭʋǫȟɢŔȥǫȇƎŔȍȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȥȇɃȇơȥ
ŔȍǬɭɽŔnjȍȶȟʠɽʋǫȟɢŔȥǫȇʠȟƎơȥǫɭʽơ ǫʂǫʋȟơȇŔˊŹǬ࡫
ɢʠȍɽŔʋǫȍʋǫȥȥǫʋʠɽʽơȶʋŔȍǿǫʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
43
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- ‘ŔʽơɭȥɃ˖ɽǫȥʧɽʋɭȶȟŹȶ˖ʠࡪ‘ơȟȶ˖ǫɽ࡫njɃɭȟơȇŔˊŹǬ
ʽơȶljʋŔȍȟȶɢȍơǿǫǫȍơɽơˊɭơƎơɭࡲ¡èࢫȍŔʋŔȥǬȇȶȥʠɭࡲzĪ
ŔȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫǐơƃơʽŔɢʽơɭǫɭࡲ
- ¶ɽʋơȶȟˊơȍǫʋࡪòǬȇȍǬȇȍŔljɭȶȥʋŔȍɽǫȥʧ˖ǫʋʋơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
þŔȥǬɽǬáŔɭŔȥŔ˖Ŕȍòǫȥʠɽ%þǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
- ¶ʋȶɽȇȶɢǫȇŹŔȇǬƎŔȟŔʽǫȇǬɭȟǬ˖ǬɭơljȍơnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- ĵŔȥȍǬʂŹǫˊȶɢɽǫŔȍǬȥǬɭɽŔȟŔɽǫljȇŔȥŔȟŔˊŔȥơƎơȥ
ȶȍʠɭࡲ
òƒ¥Ĕòqòþ•z‘•èz
òǫȥʧ˖ǫʋ
%Ŕȇʋơɭǫˊơȍɽǫȥʧ˖ǫʋȍơɭࡪ
- 1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔơȥɽǬȇơʋǠȟȶǫƎɽǫȥʧ˖ǫʋnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- FɭǫʂȇǫȥȍơɭƎơơȥɽǬȇȟŔȇɽǫȍȍơɭɽǫȥʧ˖ǫʋnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- òǫȥʧ˖ǫʋơʋȇơȥȍơɭǫơȥɽǬȇòࡲáȥơʠȟȶȥǫŔqࡲ
ƒȥljȍʠơȥ˖Ŕʽơ¡ࡲ-ŔʋŔɭɭǠŔȍǫɽʋǫɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫ
ࠀࡲeɭʠɢȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇȍơɭ
ࡧȟȶȇɽǫɽǫȍǫȥ
ࡧþ¡áऋò¡Ĵ
ࡧ7ȶȇɽǫɽǫȍǫȥ
ࠁࡲeɭʠɢȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇȍơɭ
ࡧȟȶȇɽǫɽǫȍǫȥऋ‘•ȍŔʽʠȍŔȥǫȇŔɽǫʋ
ࡧࠁࡲĪơࠂࡲ‘ʠʂŔȇɽơljŔȍȶɽɢȶɭǫȥ
ࡧ‘ǫȥȶȍȶȥ
ࡧþơȍǫʋɭȶȟǫɽǫȥ
zȥʽŔ˖ǫljbʠȥnjŔȍòǫȥʠ˖ǫʋ
ŁơȟǫȥqŔ˖ǬɭȍŔˊŔȥbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭ
ࡧ¥Ŕ˖ŔȍŔȍơɭǿǫ
ࡧòơɢʋʠȟƎơʽǫŔɽˊȶȥʠ
ࡧòǫȍǫơɭljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
ࡧƎơȥȶǫƎǠǫɢơɭʋɭȶljǫɽǫ
ࡧþȶȥɽǫȍǠǫɢơɭʋɭȶljǫɽǫ
- 7ŔǠŔƇȶȇǫȟȟʠȥˊơʋȟơ˖࡫ƎǫŔŹơʋǫȇ࡫ʠ˖ʠȥƎɃȥơȟȍǫ
ȇȶɭʋǫȇȶɽʋơɭȶǫƎʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫŔȍŔȥȍŔɭʽơɽȶȥƎɃȥơȟ
ŹɃŹɭơȇˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫȶȍŔȥȇǫʂǫȍơɭƎơnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- FʋȇơȥǫɭǫȥȶɽơɭơŹɭŔȍȟʠȇȶɭȟǫȇȶ˖ࢎȟʠƃȶɭ࡫ŔŹɽǫƎǫŔ࡫
ɭǠǫ˖ȶɢʠɽ࢏
- bŔˊŔȍŔǐɭǬƎŔǠŔŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥȶȍȟŔȇʧ˖ơɭơȇȍŔɽǫȇ
ɭǫȥȶɽǫȥʠ˖ǫʋɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- ¥Ŕ˖ŔȍŔȇǬȥʋǬnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơʋơȟǫ˖Ǝǫɭࡲ
- ¡ʠŔˊơȥơƎơȶɭʋŔˊŔȟơʋʠɽʋŔɽǫˊŔǠɭơȥȇȍǫȥơȇɭȶʋǫȇ
ƎȶȇʠȍŔȇɢŔʋȶnjȥȶȟȶȥǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
- %ǫˊȶɢɽǫƎơɽơɢʋŔɽǬ˖njơȥǫʂŔƇǬȍǬǠǫljȍơɭnjɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- -þ¡è
- þơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȟljȶʋơɭǫɽǫȥ%ǫȥljʠ˖ˊȶȥʠ࡫
ʽŔɭǫȇȶȥŔ˖ȶȍʽơ‘Ŕɽɢȶljʠȥnjǫȥʽơɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
òǫȥʧ˖ǫʋ‘ȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
áơɭǫȶɭŹǫʋŔȍɽơȍʧȍǫʋࡪ FȥɽǬȇȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
FʋǠȟȶǫƎɽǫȥʧɽơŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
- òʠŹƎʠɭŔȍ࡫ǫȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍŔŹɽơࡪ%ŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬ࡫Ŕʋơʂʽơ
ȍơʋŔɭǿǫǫȍơɽơˊɭơƎơɭࡲ
- %ơˊǫȥŔŹɽơɽǫ
- ¡ơȥơȥǿǫʋ
44
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
FɢǫɽʋŔȇɽǫɽ
ࡧ¥Ŕ˖ŔȍʋɭŔʽȟŔ
ࡧèǫȥǫʋ
ࡧ¥Ŕ˖Ŕȍȟʠȇȶ˖ŔȥǬȥȇʠɭʠȟŔɽǬ
ࡧqǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ
ࡧʋơɭȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖
ࡧ¶ɽȍơɭ-ĭơŹơɭ-èơȥƎʠ
ࡧȍȇȶȍʽơȇȶȇŔǫȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬ
- þŔȥǬɽǬȇȍǫȥǫȇʽơȍŔʋơɭŔȍȥŔ˖ȶljŔɭơȥȇɽnjɭŔljǫɽǫˊȍơ
ȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫɽǫƃơɭɭŔǠǫƎǫɭࡲ
ʠʽơȥǫȍ¥Ŕ˖ȶljŔɭǫȥnjơŔȍȥnjǫȶljǫŹɭȶȟ
ࡧqơȟơȥǠơȟơȥƎŔǫȟơnjơȥƇơɭȇơȇʋơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ࡧòljơȥȶǫƎʽơơʋǠȟȶǫƎȇơȟǫȇɢơɭǫȶɽʋʠȥƎŔȥȇɃȇơȥ
ŔȍǬɭࡲ
ࡧƒȍȇȶȍŔɭŔȇŹʠɭʠȥȇŔȥŔȟŔɽǬʽơʋǬȇŔȥǬȇȍǬǐǬǫȍơ
ȇơȥƎǫȥǫŹơȍȍǫơƎơɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ŔȥƎŔȟŔɭǬǫƇơɭƎǫǐǫȥƎơȥȇŔȥŔȟŔˊŔơǐǫȍǫȟȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧƎȶȍơɽȶȥƎɃȥơȟƎơɽɢȶȥʋŔȥɭơnjɭơɽơȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
ࡧ%ǫˊȶɢɽǫˊŔɢǬȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
ࡧþŔȥǬɽǬȟʠŔˊơȥơ࡫ɢŔɽʋơɭǫȶɭɭǫȥȶɽȇȶɢǫ࡫-þʽơ
ȥnjǫȶnjɭŔljǫǫȍơʋơʂǠǫɽơnjǫƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧèơ˖ơȇʋơơƎǫȍơȟơˊơȥʽŔȇŔȍŔɭƎŔɭŔƎˊȶʋơɭŔɢǫ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơȇŔȥŔȟŔȇơȥƎǫȍǫǐǫȥƎơȥƎʠɭʠɭࡲ
- ‘ȶȥʋɭȶȍơƎǫȍơȟơˊơȥȇŔȥŔȟŔȍŔɭƎŔȟŔȇɽǫȍơɭʽơˊŔ
ljŔɽǫŔȍŔɭʋơɭơȥƎŔʽŔɽȇʠȍơɭȟơŹȶȍǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥ
¥Ŕ˖ȶljŔɭǫȥnjơŔȍ‘Ŕȥɽơɭȍơɭ
ࡧF%ĪǫȍơȇơɽǫȥǫȍǫʂȇǫɽǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥʋǫɢǫʠȥƎǫljơɭŔȥɽǫˊơȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇŹʠȍnjʠɽʠŔǐɭǬɽǬ˖ŹȶˊʠȥȇǫʋȍơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧFɢǫɽʋŔȇɽǫɽ࡫ʋǬȇŔȥǬȇȍǬȇ࡫ʋǫȥȥǫʋʠɽ࡫ࠂ-4-ࠄ-ࠅࡲ‘ɭŔȥǫŔȍ
ɽǫȥǫɭǠŔɽŔɭȍŔɭǬnjɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧ%ŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫ‘þ-èþࢫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧ‘þࢫƎơơȥɽǬȇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥŔǿŔȥƃǫɽɢȍŔʋǫȥƎǫɭࡲ
¥Ł¶bèF¥‘òqòþ•zhz
¥Ŕ˖ȶljŔɭơȥȇɽȇǫʋȍơɭǫ
ࡧƎơȥȶǫƎǠǫɢơɭʋɭȶljǫ
ࡧ¥Ŕ˖ȶljŔɭơȥȇɽʋơȇǫŔƎơȥȶǫƎƎȶȇʠȥʠȥŹʧˊʧȟơɽǫ
ƇȶƃʠȇʋŔȥŔ˖ŔȍȶŹɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
ࡧǐ˖ǬŔƇǬȇʠˊʠɭʽơǠȶɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧþʠŹŔʋǬȇŔȥǬȇȍǬǐǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍŔɭŔȇɽǬȇȶʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔʽơ
ɽǫȥʧ˖ǫʋnjǫŹǫơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭnjơƇǫɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࠀ࢏‘ơɭŔʋǫȥǫ˖ơɽȇʠŔȟɃ˖ǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
ࠁ࢏¥ȶȥȇơɭŔʋǫȥǫ˖ơɽȇʠŔȟɃ˖ȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
ࠂ࢏ƒȥƎǫljơɭŔȥɽǫˊơȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
þ¶¥òƒ•qòþ•z‘•èz
áơɭǫʋȶȥɽǫȍȍơɭŔŹɽơ
ࡧFɭǫʂȇǫȥȍơɭƎơƎŔǠŔɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍȟơȇȍơŹǫȍɭǫȇʋơŔȇʠʋ
ʋŔȥɽǫȍǫʋǫȥŹǫɭȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧǐ˖ǬȥǬŔƇŔȟŔ˖࡫ƎǫȍǫȥǫƇǬȇŔɭŔȟŔ˖࡫ȇȶȥʠʂȟŔ
˖ȶɭȍʠǐʠʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧþɭǫɽȟʠɽʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ʠȍŔǐŔˊŔȥɽǬˊŔȥŔǐɭǬʽơƎǫɽljŔǿǫnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
45
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
èơȍŔʋǫljFȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
- þơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔȥɢơɭǫʋȶȥɽǫȍȍơɭŔŹɽơ
- þơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔȥɽʋɭơɢʋȶȇȶȇʋȶȥɽǫȍǫ
- ‘ɭȶȥǫȇʋȶȥɽǫȍȍǫʋ
- ǫʂʽơȶȇʠȍƎŔȥȇŔˊǬɢȍŔɭ
KANLANMA
- FȥɽǬȇȇŔȥŔȟŔɽơŹơŹǫǫȥʋơɭȥŔȍȟŔȇɽǫȍơɭǫȥƎŔȍǬ
ȶȍŔȥƎơɽơȥƎŔȥɢŔȍŔʋǫȥŔɭʋơɭƎǫɭࡲ
- áŔȍŔʋǫȥʋȶȥɽǫȍȍơɭljŔɽˊŔȍŔɭʋơɭǫȥƎŔȍǬȶȍŔȥʋȶȥɽǫȍȍơɭ
ŔɭʋơɭʽơŔɽơȥƎŔȥɢŔȍŔʋǫȥŔɭʋơɭ࡫ȍǫȥnjʠŔȍŔɭʋơɭǫȥ
ƎȶɭɽŔȍȍǫȥnjʠŔȍƎŔȍǬ࡫ƎơɽơȥƎŔȥɢŔȍŔʋǫȥŔɭʋơɭ࡫ȟŔǿɃɭ
ɢŔȍŔʋǫȥŔɭʋơɭʽơŔɽơȥƎŔȥljŔɭơȥnjơŔȍŔɭʋơɭǫȍơ
ȇŔȥȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
èơʋɭȶljɭŔǫȥnjơŔȍŔŹɽơ
ࡧ‘ʧƇʧȇƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔʽơǫȥljŔȥʋȍŔɭƎŔnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
ࡧǐ˖ǬŔƇǬȇʋǬɭʽơʋɭǫɽȟʠɽˊȶȇʋʠɭࡲ
ࡧʋơʂȍơŹơɭŔŹơɭŹȶǐŔ˖ŔǐɭǬɽǬʽơŹȶˊʠȥƎŔ
ǠŔɽɽŔɽǫˊơʋʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧĵʠʋȇʠȥȟŔȥǬȥŹȶ˖ʠȇȶȍȟŔɽǬȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơƎǫɽljŔǿǫȶȍʠɭ
ʽơʋʧȇɭʧǐʧȥʧˊʠʋŔȟŔ˖ʽơŔǐǬ˖ȇơȥŔɭȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȥŔʋŔɭࡲ
‘ȶȥʋɭơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ࡧ‘ŔȥŔȟŔƎǫŔʋơ˖ǫ
ࡧĵŔɭǬȇƎŔȟŔȇ
ࡧáȶȍǫȶơɢǫƎơȟǫȍơɭǫ
ࡧȇʠʋơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥ
-qŔɽʋŔȥǬȥŹŔʂǬơȇɽʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥƎŔȶȍʠɢŹǫɭʋŔɭŔljŔˊŔʋǬȇ
ˊŔʋŔɭࡲ
- òʋơɭȥȶȇȍơǫƎȶȟŔɽʋȶǫƎȇŔɽǬȥǬȥɃȥʧȥƎơ
ljȍʠȇʋʠŔɽˊȶȥʽơɭơȥ࡫ŔǐɭǬȍǬȇǫʋȍơʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- eơȥơȍŔȥơɽʋơ˖ǫŔȍʋǬȥƎŔʽơŹŔʂʋɭŔȥƎơȍơȥŹʠɭnj
ɢȶ˖ǫɽˊȶȥʠȥŔnjơʋǫɭǫȍơɭơȇŔŹɽơ ƎɭơȥŔǿǬˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
•èƒ¥‘òqòþ•z‘•èz
ȇʠʋ•ŔɭǫȥɽqŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
Fɢǫnjȍȶʋʋǫʋ
ࡧqࡲǫȥljȍʠơȥ˖ŔơʋȇơȥƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧ1ȶȇŔȥǫŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇȍǬȶȍʠp ƃǫƎƎǫɃƎơȟƎơȍŔɭǫȥnjơŔȍ
ɢŔɽŔǿǬȇŔɢŔʋǬɭࡲ
ࡧĵʧȇɽơȇŔʋơʂʽơŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥƎǫɽɢȥơ࡫ɽʋɭǫƎȶɭʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇɃȥơơǐǫȍǫɭɢȶ˖ǫɽˊȶȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲèŔǠŔʋȥơljơɽ
ŔȍŔŹǫȍȟơȇǫƇǫȥʋɭǫɢȶƎɢȶ˖ǫɽˊȶȥʠȥƎŔƎʠɭʠɭࡲ
þȶȥɽǫȍȍơȇʋȶȟǫFȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
- FȥʋǫɢǫȇơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠɽȍơơɢŔɢȥơʽơˊŔȇȶɭ
ɢʠȍȟȶȥŔȍơˊơˊȶȍŔƇŔȥǠŔʽŔˊȶȍʠ
ȶŹɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
46
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Ĵ-èŔˊࢫƎơȍŔɭơȥȇɽࢨǫɢࢩʂơȇȍǫȥǫŔȍȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲࢎȇŔȍơȟ
Źʠȍnjʠɽʠ࢏
þơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȥơŹʠȍǫ˖ơơɢǫȥơljɭǫȥ࡫z¡ƎơȇɽŔȟơʋŔ˖ȶȥ࡫
ǫȥǠŔȍơŹʠƎơɽȶȥǫƎ
ȇʠʋȍŔɭơȥǿǫʋ
ࡧFʋȇơȥʽǫɭŔȍƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧáŔɭŔȇɽǫɽȟŔȍȇʠɭʠɃȇɽʧɭʧȇȇɭǫ˖ȍơɭǫ࡫Ǝǫɽɢȥơ࡫Ŕʋơʂ࡫
ɽơɽȇǬɽǬȇȍǬǐǬʽơȇŔŹŔɽơɽȍơŔǐȍŔȟŔʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ¥òz7ʽơɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
•Ŕɭơȥȇɽǫȥ%ơȥǫnjȥ •ơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧeơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŹơȥǫnjȥȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥǫȍȇŹʠȍnjʠɽʠ
ƎǫɽljȶȥǫࢫƎǫɭࡲ
- ĪȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎɢȶȍǫɢʽơȥȶƎʧȍȍơɭơȥɽǬȇࡲ
- ĪȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎɢȶȍǫɢȍơɭǫƃơɭɭŔǠǫȥǫȥơȥƎǫȇơȶȍƎʠǐʠࡲ
- èơǫȥȇơɃƎơȟǫɽǫnjŔɭŔǫƇơȥȇŔƎǬȥࡲ
- ĪȶȇŔȍɢɭȶɽơɽnjɭŔȥʠȍȶȟȍŔɭǬȟŔȍǫnjȥǫʋơˊȍơơȥƇȶȇ
ȇŔɭǬʂŔȥࡲ
ࡧ7ǫɽljŔǿǫȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơʋʧȇɭʧǐʧȥʧˊʠʋŔȟŔ˖ʽơʋʧȇɭʧȇ
ŔǐǬ˖ȇơȥŔɭǬȥƎŔȥŔȇŔɭࡲ
ࡧþŔȥǬɽǬˉ-ɭŔˊʽơơɭǫʂȇǫȥȍơɭƎơǫȥƎǫɭơȇʋȍŔɭǫȥnjȶɽȇȶɢ
ǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫǠŔʽŔˊȶȍʠȥʠȥŔƇǬȇʋʠʋʠȍȟŔɽǬʽơzĪ
ɽơljʠɭȶȇɽǫȟʽơˊŔƎơȇɽŔȟơʋŔ˖ȶȥʽơɭǫȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
‘ɭʠɢࢎȍŔɭǫȥnjȶʋɭŔȇơȶŹɭȶȥʂǫʋ࢏
ࡧFʋȇơȥɢŔɭŔǫȥljȍʠơȥ˖Ŕʋǫɢࠂࢫʋʧɭࡲ
ࡧeơƃơȍơɭǫǠŔʽȍŔɭʋŔɭ˖ƎŔɃȇɽʧɭʧȇʂǫȇŔˊơʋǫȶȍȟŔȇȍŔ
ŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơŔʋơʂơɢǫnjȍȶʋʋǫʋȇŔƎŔɭˊʧȇɽơȇƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡲ
• 1-ࠁnjʧȥǫƇǫȥƎơŹŔʂȍŔɭʽơȍŔɭǫȥnjơŔȍɃƎơȟơơȇ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇȇȶˊʠɽơȇɭơɽˊȶȥʋɭŔȇơŔʽơȇʧƇʧȇǠŔʽŔ
ˊȶȍȍŔɭǬȥƎŔʋǬȇŔȥȟŔˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇˊŔʋŔɭɢȶ˖ǫɽˊȶȥƎŔȶȍʠɢƎǫɽɢȥơɽǫ
ŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥƎǫɭࡲ
- •ŔɭơȥȇɽǫȥŹơȥǫnjȥȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơ
ʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔȥʽȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎʋɭŔʽȟŔȍŔɭǬɽȶȥʠƃʠȶɭʋŔˊŔ
ƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
47
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ĪȶȇŔȍ‘ȶɭƎ¥ȶƎʧȍȍơɭǫ
•ŔɭǫȥnjơŔȍ‘ǫɽʋȍơɭ
- òơɽǫȥǫɢɭȶljơɽˊȶȥơȍȶȍŔɭŔȇȇʠȍȍŔȥŔȥȍŔɭƎŔʽơ
ƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔɽǬȇnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- ĪȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎȍŔɭƎŔŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍŹơˊŔ˖ɭơȥȇȍǫȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍȍơȇơȥƎǫȥǫŹơȍȍǫơƎơɭࡲ
- ‘ȶɭƎʽȶȇŔȍȍơɭǫȥơȥɽǬȇࠀࡸࠂɃȥȇǬɽȟǬȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ƒȥʋɭŔȇȶɭƎŔȍȶȍŔȥȍŔɭnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơʽȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎȍŔɭǬȥࠀࡸࠂ
ȶɭʋŔȇǬɽȟǬȥŔˊơɭȍơʂǫɭࡲ7ǫɽljŔǿǫʽơŹȶǐŔ˖ƎŔʋŔȇǬȍȟŔ
ǠǫɽɽǫnjɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
òȶɭʠ
1) ÄȇɽʧɭʧȇȍơǠŔɭơȇơʋơƎơȥȇǫʋȍơ࡫ʽŔȍɽŔȍʽŔƎŔ
ŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥȍơʂơȥȶȍʠʂʠȟŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥ
ǠŔȥnjǫɽǫƎǫɭࡳ
࢏þɭȶǫƎŔȍ‘ǫɽʋ
%࢏•Ŕɭǫȥnjȶɽơ
-࢏%ɭŔȥȇǫŔȍ‘ǫɽʋ
7࢏èơʋɭȶljŔɭǫȥnjơŔȍŔŹɽơ
F࢏áơɭǫʋȶȥɽǫȍȍơɭŔŹɽơ
- þơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȇȶȥʠʂȟŔʋơɭŔɢǫɽǫ࡫
ȟǫȇɭȶȍŔɭơȥnjȶɽȇȶɢǫʽơƃơɭɭŔǠǫơȇɽǫ˖ˊȶȥʠˊnjʠȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
ĪȶȇŔȍ‘ȶɭƎáȶȍǫɢȍơɭǫ
- òǫnjŔɭŔʽơɽơɽǫȥȇɃʋʧȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬˊȍŔǫȍnjǫȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
- eơȥơȍǫȇȍơʠȥǫȍȶȇʠȍơɭɢơƎǫȥȇʠȍȍʠȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭȶȍʠɢ
ơɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơƎŔǠŔɽǬȇnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȟǫȇɭȶȍŔɭơȥnjȶɽȇȶɢǫʽơơȇɽǫ˖ˊȶȥ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࡧbŔɭơˊơȥǫǐǫnjǫŹǫȇȶɭƎʋŔþ%-ǠŔʋǬɭȍŔȥȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧbŔɭơˊơȥǫǐǫnjǫŹǫȇʠȍŔȇ˖ŔɭǬࡪþ%ࡧþɭŔȇơȶʋȶȟǫࠁ-ࠂʋɭŔȇơŔȍǠŔȍȇŔȍŔɭƎŔȥˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
- •ŔɭǫȥnjơŔȍ ȇǫɽʋȍơɭȟʠȇʠɽɭơʋŔȥɽǫȶȥȇǫɽʋȍơɭǫˊŔƎŔ
ơɢǫƎơɭȟȶǫƎȇǫɽʋȍơɭȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫƎơơȇɽǫ˖ˊȶȥˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
èơǫȥȇơÄƎơȟǫ
- ĪȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎȍŔɭƎŔˊŔˊnjǬȥŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍɢȶȍǫɢȶǫƎ
ȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭʂơȇȍǫȥƎơȶȍʠʂʠɢʂǫʂȟơɽɃ˖ȇȶȥʠɽʠƎʠɭࡲ
- òǫnjŔɭŔǫƇǫȟǫʽơˊȶǐʠȥɽơɽȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬˊȍŔǫȍǫʂȇǫȍǫ
ȇɭȶȥǫȇǫɭɭǫʋŔɽˊȶȥŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
áŔɢǫȍȍȶȟȍŔɭ
- òơȍǫȟȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭƎǬɭʽơɭơȇʠɭɭơȥɽȍơɭǫɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇʽȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎȍŔɭǬȥࠀࡸࠂŔɭȇŔȇǬɽǬȟȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ
njɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇqáĪࠅʽơࠀࠀʋǫɢȍơɭǫnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ĪȶȇŔȍáɭȶƇơɽeɭŔȥʧȍȶȟȍŔɭǬ
eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơơȥʋʧŹŔɽˊȶȥʋɭŔʽȟŔɃˊȇʧɽʧȶȍʠɢ
ơɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơʽơɭơljȍʧɽʧȶȍŔȥȍŔɭƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
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- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơࠅࡲĪơࠆࡲ7ơȇŔʋʋŔȇǫơɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇɽȇʠŔȟɃ˖ǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟnjɃɭʧȍʧɭʽơ
ɽǫnjŔɭŔ࡫ŔȍȇȶȍʋʧȇơʋǫȟǫˊȍơˊŔȇǬȥƎŔȥǫȍǫʂȇǫȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
- •ŔɭơȥȇɽɽŔɭȇȶȟʠȥŔƎǫɭnjɃɭʧȍȟơȇȍơŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơơȥ
48
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
- ĪơɭʋǫnjȶɽʧɭơȇȍǫƎǫɭʽơǠŔɽʋŔnjʧȥȍʧȇǫʂȍơɭǫȥǫ
ˊŔɢȟŔˊŔƎơʽŔȟơƎơɭࡲ
- Nylan-%ŔɭŔȥˊȟŔȥơʽɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȍŔʋơȥɽȶȍȟŔƎŔȥ
ȥǫɽʋŔnjȟʠɽǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
- ¡ŔȥơʽɭŔʋơȇɭŔɭǬȥƎŔȥǫɽʋŔnjȟʠɽŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
ɽǬȇljȶɭȟʠȇȶȥƎɭȶɽŔɭȇȶȟƎʠɭࡲFȥɽǬȇȇɭǫȇȶǫƎ
ȇǬȇǬɭƎŔȇʋŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
èǫɽȇbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫ
ࡧòǫnjŔɭŔʽơŔȍȇȶȍ
ࡧqáĪʋǫɢࠀࠅʽɽࠀࠇ
ࡧeŔɽʋɭȶɃ˖ơljŔǿǫŔȍɭơljȍʧ
ࡧ¡Ŕȍȥʠʋɭǫɽˊȶȥ
ࡧèŔƎˊŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧþȶȇɽǫȇȟŔƎƎơȍơɭ
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ȇɃȇơȥȍǫ࢏
Fʋǫˊȶȍȶǿǫ
ࡧ%ơȥǫnjȥɢŔɭŔȇɽǫɽȟŔȍɢȶ˖ǫɽˊȶȥơȍʽơɭʋǫnjȶࢎơȥɽǬȇ࢏
ࡧ•ŔŹǫɭơȥʋǫʋࡪĪơɭʋǫnjȶʽơƎʠˊȟŔȇŔˊŹǬǫȍơ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧĪơɽʋǫŹʠȍǫʋࡪòŔƎơƃơʽơɽʋǫŹʠȍơɭɽǫɽʋơȟǫȥ
ǫȥljȍŔȟŔɽˊȶȥʠȥŔŹŔǐȍǬʽơɭǫʋȶʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧáơɭǫȍơȥljljǫɽʋʧȍʧࡪ%ŔɭȶʋɭŔʽȟŔ࡫ɽƃʠŹŔƎŔȍǬʂǬ࡫
ʽŔȍɽŔȍʽŔ ǫȍơȶʽŔȍʽơˊŔˊʠʽŔɭȍŔȇɢơȥƃơɭơȥǫȥȶɭʋŔ
ȇʠȍŔǐŔljǫɽʋʠȍǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
-eȍȶʋʋǫȇȇŔȥɽơɭȍơɭƎơʽȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎȍŔɭƎŔʋʠʋʠȍʠȟŔ
ŹŔǐȍǬɽơɽʋơȇŔŹŔȍŔʂȟŔnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- þŔȥǬǫȥƎǫɭơȇʋȍŔɭǫnjȶɽȇȶɢǫʽơȥŔ˖ŔȍơȥƎȶɽȇȶɢǫȇ
Źǫˊȶɢɽǫǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥnjȍȶʋʋǫȇȇŔȥɽơɭȍơɭȶȍȟŔȇȍŔŹơɭŔŹơɭ
ơȥǫˊǫɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ŹʠʋǫɢʋơƎǫɭࡲ
- òʠɢɭŔnjȍȶʋʋǫȇŹɃȍnjơƎơ˖ơȥnjǫȥȍơȥljŔʋǫȇƎɭơȥŔǿ
ɽơŹơŹǫˊȍơȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ȍŔɭơɭȇơȥƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲ%ȶǐʠȇɽơɽ
ɽʠɢɭŔnjȍȶʋʋǫȇȇŔȥɽơɭȍơɭƎơƎŔǠŔɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- FȥȇɃʋʧɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ǫȥljɭŔnjȍȶʋʋǫȇʋǫɢʋơƎǫɭࡲ
- ȥǫŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇȍǬ࡫ʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫ࡫ȇǬɽŔɽʧɭơȍǫʽơ
ʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊǬƃǬƎǬɭࡲ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơʽơɭʋǫnjȶˊŔŹʠȍŔȥʋǬ࡫ȇʠɽȟŔơʂȍǫȇơƎơɭࡲ
- Nylan-%ŔɭŔȥˊȟŔȥơʽɭŔɽǬȥƎŔŹǫɭȇŔƇɽŔȥǫˊơȍǫȇ
ȍŔʋơȥʋɢơɭǫˊȶƎʠȥŔɭƎǬȥƎŔȥࠀƎŔȇǫȇŔ ɽʧɭơȥ
ȥǫɽʋŔnjȟʠɽʽơȟŔȥơʽɭŔȥǬȥʋơȇɭŔɭǬȥƎŔȥǫɽʋŔnjȟʠɽʠȥ
Ŕ˖ŔȍȟŔɽǬʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
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FʋǫˊȶȍȶǿǫࢎòŔȥʋɭŔȍ࢏
ࡧĪơɭʋơŹɭȶŹŔ˖ǫȍȍơɭˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫȇ
ࡧȇʠɽʋǫȇȥɃɭǫȥȶȟ
ࡧ‘ȶȟɢȍơȇɽɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍȥɃŹơʋȍơɭ
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49
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
%ơȥǫnjȥࢎɢŔɭȶȇɽǫɽȟŔȍ࢏áȶ˖ǫɽˊȶȥơȍĪơɭʋǫnjȶ
- òơȟǫɽǫɭȇʠȍơɭȇŔȥŔȍȍŔɭǫƇǫȥƎơɽơɭŹơɽʋƎȶȍŔʂŔȥ
ȶʋȶȇȶȥǫȍơɭơŹŔǐȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
- qơɭŹŔʂǠŔɭơȇơʋǫˊȍơȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔȥ࡫ɽŔȥǫˊơȍơɭ
ǫƇǫȥƎơˊŔʋǬʂŔ࡫ŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơȇʠɽȟŔȥǬȥȶȍƎʠǐʠʽơɭʋǫnjȶ
ŔʋŔȇȍŔɭǬƎǬɭࡲ
- %ŔʂǠŔɭơȇơʋǫȥƎơȥࠀ߿-ࠀࠄɽŔȥǫˊơȍǫȇȍŔʋŔȥɽ
ɢơɭǫˊȶʋʋŔȥɽȶȥɭŔʽơɭʋǫnjȶȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧ%ŔʂǠŔɭơȇơʋǫȥƎơȥࠀ߿-ࠀࠄɽŔȥǫˊơȍǫȇȍŔʋŔȥɽ
ɢơɭǫˊȶʋʋŔȥɽȶȥɭŔʽơɭʋǫnjȶȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧþŔȥǬɽǬƎǫˉ-ǠŔȍȍɢǫȇơࢎȟȶƎǫljǫˊơȥˊȍŔȥŹŔɭŔȥˊ࢏ʋŔȥǬ
ʋơɽʋǫˊȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫơɢȍơˊȟŔȥơʽɭŔɽǬǫȍơȶȍʠɭࡲ
%Ŕ˖ǬeɭŔljǫȍơɭ
- ĭŔʋơɭࢫɽljɭȶȥʋŔȍʽơȟŔˉǫȍȍơɭ
- -ŔȍƎˁơȍȍljɭȶȥʋŔȍʽơơʋǠȟȶǫƎɽǫȥʧɽȍơɭǫnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ
- òʋơȥʽơɭɽɢȶ˖ǫɽˊȶȥʠǫƇȇʠȍŔȇɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȍơɭǫȥǫ
njɃɽʋơɭǫɭǫࡲ
ĭŔʋơɭɽeɭŔljǫ
òʠɢơɭǫȶɭòơȟǫɽǫɭȇʠȍơɭ‘ŔȥŔȍ7ơǠǫɽɽŔȥɽǬ
ࡧĵʧȇɽơȇɽơɽǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔŹŔʂƎɃȥȟơɽǫʽơƎʠˊȟŔ
ȇŔˊŹǬȥŔȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧòʠɢơɭǫȶɭɽơȟǫɽǫɭȇʠȍơɭȇŔȥŔȍǬȥȇơȟǫȇƇŔʋǬɽǬȥǬȥ
ȶȍȟŔɽǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࡧþŔȥǬɽǬ%þǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫƃơɭɭŔǠǫƎǫɭࡲ
50
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
-ŔȍƎˁơȍȍɽeɭŔljǫ
òʋơȥʽơɭɽ
51
Küçük Stajlar | 4. Göz Hastalıkları
Göz
Hastalıkları
52
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
4. GÖZ HASTALIKLARI
Miyopi: eɃ˖ơnjơȍơȥǬʂǬȥȍŔɭɭơʋǫȥŔȥǬȥɃȥʧȥƎơ
ȶƎŔȇȍŔȥǬɭࡲč˖ŔǐǬȥơʋnjɃɭơȟơ˖ʽơȇȶȥȇŔʽȍơȥɽȍơ
Ǝʧ˖ơȍʋǫȍǫɭࡲ
Hipermetropi: eơȍơȥǬʂǬȥȍŔɭɭơʋǫȥŔȥǬȥnjơɭǫɽǫȥƎơ
ȶƎŔȇȍŔȥǬɭࡲĵŔȇǬȥǬȥơʋnjɃɭơȟơ˖ʽơȇȶȥʽơȇɽȍơȥɽȍơ
Ǝʧ˖ơȍʋǫȍǫɭࡲ
Astigmatizm: eơȍơȥǬʂǬȥȍŔɭǫȇǫljŔɭȇȍǬȥȶȇʋŔƎŔ
ȶƎŔȇȍŔȥǬɭࡲč˖ŔǐǬƎŔˊŔȇǬȥǬƎŔȥơʋnjɃɭơȟơ˖ʽơǫȥƃơ
ȇơȥŔɭȍǬɽǫȍǫȥƎǫɭǫȇȟơɭƃơȇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
Diverjans: Her iki gözün görme ekseninin
ŹǫɭŹǫɭǫȥƎơȥʠ˖ŔȇȍŔʂȟŔɽǬ
Versiyon: qơɭǫȇǫnjɃ˖ʧȥŔˊȥǬʋŔɭŔljŔŹŔȇȟŔɽǬ
Keratokonus
- ‘ȶɭȥơŔȥǬȥɃȥơƎȶǐɭʠŹȶȟŹơȍơʂȟơɽǫȥơʽơɭǫȍơȥ
ǫɽǫȟƎǫɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơơɭȇơȥƎɃȥơȟƎơȇȶȥʋŔȇʋȍơȥɽ࡫
ǫȍơɭȍơȟǫʂʽŔȇŔȍŔɭƎŔȇơɭŔʋȶɢȍŔɽʋǫʋơɭƃǫǠơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
Görme Fizyoloji
- ‘ȶɭȥơŔȇǬɭǬƃǬȍǬǐǬࡪࠃࠂƎǫˊȶɢʋɭǫ࡫
- •ơȥɽǫȥȇǬɭǬƃǬȍǬǐǬࠁ߿ƎǫˊȶɢʋɭǫƎǫɭࡲ
- eɃɭȟơơȇɽơȥǫȥơɢŔɭŔȍơȍnjơȍơȥǬʂǬȥȍŔɭǬȥȇȶɭȥơŔ
ʽơȍơȥɽʋơȇǬɭǬȍƎǬȇʋŔȥɽȶȥɭŔɭơʋǫȥŔƎŔȶƎŔȇȍŔʂǬɭࡲ
Emetropi: ȇǬɭȟŔȇʠɽʠɭʠȶȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
Ametropi: ȶƎŔȇȍŔʂȟŔȥǬȥɭơʋǫȥŔɃȥʧʽơˊŔ
ŔɭȇŔɽǬȥƎŔȶȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
Miyopi: ǠǫɢơɭȟơʋɭȶɢǫʽơŔɽʋǫnjȟŔʋǫ˖ȟŔȶȍŔɭŔȇࠂ
ʂơȇǫȍƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
eÄŁ‘áhzqòþ•z‘•èz
ŹȍơljŔɭȶȥࡪeɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬȥǬȥȶȍȟŔȟŔɽǬȥŔʽơɭǫȍơȥ
ǫɽǫȟƎǫɭࡲ
‘ȶȍȶŹȶȟࡪeɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬȥǬȥȟơƎǫŔȍˊȶȇȍʠǐʠȥƎŔ
ʽơɭǫȍơȥǫɽǫȟƎǫɭࡲ
FȥʋɭȶɢǫȶȥࡪeɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬȥǬȥǫƇơƎȶǐɭʠƎɃȥȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
‘ŔɢŔȇȇơȥŔɭȍŔɭǬǫƇơƎɃȥƎʧǐʧȥƎơȥƎȶȍŔˊǬȇǫɭɢǫȇȍơɭ
njɃ˖ʧʋŔǠɭǫʂơƎơɭŹʠȥƎŔȥƎȶȍŔˊǬȇȶɭȥơŔʽơ
ȇȶȥǿʠȇʋǫʽŔǫȍʋǫˊŔɢȍŔɭǬȥŔȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲࢎȇǬɭȟǬ˖Ǭ
ȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔ࡫ɽʠȍŔȥȟŔ࢏
FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥǫɽơȥǫȍơʋɭȶɢǫƎǫɭࡲࢎ‘ŔɽʋȶȥʠɽʠŔ˖ŔȍǬɭࡲ࢏
53
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÷ŔȍŔ˖ˊȶȥ
- eɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬŹơ˖ȍơɭǫȥǫȥࢎ¡ơǫŹȶȟǫʠɽ࢏ȇɭȶȥǫȇǫȍʋǫǠŔŹǬ
ȍǫɢȶnjɭŔȥʠȍȶȟʠƎʠɭࡲ
- 7ǫˊŔŹơʋǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥƎŔɽǬȇʋơȇɭŔɭơƎơɭʽơɽɢȶȥʋŔȥ
Ǝʧ˖ơȍȟơ˖ɽơƃơɭɭŔǠǫȶȍŔɭŔȇƇǬȇŔɭʋǬȍǬɭࡲ
Ektropion: eɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬȥǬȥȇơȥŔɭȍŔɭǬƎǬʂŔƎɃȥơɭ࡫
ŹʠȍŹŔɭʽơȇŔɢŔȇȇȶȥǿʠȇʋǫʽŔɽǬŔƇǬȇʋŔȇŔȍǬɭࡲFȇɽɢȶǿʠɭ
ȇơɭŔʋǫʋǫȥơ࡫ȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔǠǫɢơɭʋɭȶljǫɽǫȥơȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲ
%ȍơljŔɭǫʋ
- eɃ˖ȇŔɢŔȇȍŔɭǬȥƎŔʂǫʂȍǫȇʽơȇǬ˖ŔɭǬȇȍǬȇࡷȇǫɭɢǫȇȍ
ƎǫɢȍơɭǫȥƎơǫɽơȇŔŹʠȇȍŔȥȟŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
Logoftalmus: eɃ˖ʧȥŔƇǬȇȇŔȍȟŔɽǬƎʠɭʠȟʠȥŔ
ʽơɭǫȍơȥǫɽǫȟƎǫɭࡲĪzzɽǫȥǫɭȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
òơŹȶɭơǫȇ%ȍơljŔɭǫʋ
- ȍǬȥ࡫ȇʠȍŔȇʽơɽŔƇȍǬƎơɭǫƎơɽơŹȶɭŔʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȇǬɽŔɽʧɭơȍǫȇȍȶɭʋǫ˖ȶȥȍʠȟơɭǠơȟ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
eÄŁ‘áhzƒ•þƒq%zqòþ•z‘•èz
qȶɭƎơȶȍʠȟࢎɭɢŔƃǬȇ࢏ࡪeɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬŹơ˖ȍơɭǫȥƎơŔǐɭǬ
ʽơʂǫʂȍǫȇˊŔɢŔȥnjɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬŹơ˖ȍơɭǫȥǫȥŔȇʠʋ
ɽʋŔljǫȍȶȇȶȇɽǫȇǫȍʋǫǠŔŹǬƎǬɭࡲǐɭǬȍǬǫȍʋǫǠŔŹǬƎʠɭʠȟƎʠɭࡲ
òʋŔljǫȍȶȇȶȇɽǫȇ%ȍơljljŔɭǫʋ
- òʠɢʠɭŔʋǫljȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭȶȍʠʂʋʠɭŔɭŔȇȇɭʠʋȍŔɭʽơȇǫɭɢǫȇ
dökülmesine neden olabǫȍǫɭࡲ‘ŔɢŔȇȇơȥŔɭȍŔɭǬ
ȇǬɭȟǬ˖ǬƎǬɭࡲ
- òʠȍljȶȥŔȟǫƎȍǫȟơɭǠơȟȍơɭȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
eÄŁ‘áhzþĔ¡Äè•Fèƒ
- eɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬȥǬȥơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥȟŔȍǫnjȥʋʧȟɃɭʧ
ŹŔ˖ŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟƎʠɭࡲ
- eɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬȥǬȥơȥɽǬȇŹơȥǫnjȥʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭǫȥơʽʠɽ࡫
ȥɃɭȶljǫŹɭȶȟ࡫ǠơȟŔȥǿǫȶȟʽơȟȟȶȍȍʠɽȇʠȟ
konʋŔnjǫȶɽʠȟƎʠɭࡲ
54
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
‘¶¥č¥‘þƒĪqòþ•z‘•èz
Īƒè•‘¶¥č¥‘þƒĪƒþ•Fè
Konjunktivitler
ࠀࡲbŔɭǫȥnjȶȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔȍŔʋơʂ
ࡧFʋȇơȥŔƎơȥȶʽǫɭʧɽʋǫɢࠂ࡫ࠃ࡫ࠆࢫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍŔɭȇȍǫȥǫǐơˊʧȇɽơȇŔʋơʂ࡫ȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋʽơ
ŹȶǐŔ˖ŔǐɭǬɽǬǫȍơŹŔʂʽʠɭʠɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ʠŔˊơȥơƎơǠŔɽɽŔɽȶȍȟŔˊŔȥŹʧˊʧȇɢɭơŔʠɭǫȇʠȍŔɭ
ȍơȥljȥȶƎʠnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
%Ŕȇʋơɭǫˊơȍ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋȍơɭ
ȇʠʋ%Ŕȇʋơɭǫˊơȍ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋ
- qŔɽʋŔȍŔɭnjɃ˖ȇȍǫȥǫǐǫȥơǠǫɢơɭơȟǫ࡫ŹŔʋȟŔ࡫
ƇŔɢŔȇȍŔȥȟŔʽơnjɃ˖ȇŔɢŔȇȍŔɭǬȥǬȥˊŔɢǬʂȟŔɽǬ
ʂǫȇŔˊơʋǫˊȍơŹŔʂʽʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
- bȶʋȶljȶŹǫʽơŔǐɭǬˊȶȇʋʠɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥȍơɭǫòࡲŔʠɭơʠɽʽơơɢǫƎơɭȟǫƎǫɽʋǫɭࡲ
ˊɭǬƃŔòࡲɢȥȶȟȶȥǫࢫƎơơʋȇơȥȍơɭŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
2. Epidemik keratokonjunktivit
ࡧFȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥǫƎơȥȶʽǫɭʧɽʋǫɢࠇ࡫ࠀࠈࢫƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔƎŔȇŔȥŔȟŔȍŔɭʽơ
ɢɽơƎȶȟơȟŹɭŔȥȍŔɭȍŔɽơˊɭơƎơɭࡲbȶȍȍǫȇʠȍơɭ
ȇơɭŔʋȶȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋˊŔɢŔɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ʠȍŔǐǬȥɃȥʧȥƎơŹʧˊʧȇʽơŔǐɭǬȍǬ•áˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ȶɭȥơŔƎʠˊŔɭȍǬȍǬǐǬŹȶ˖ʠȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
‘ǬɭȟǬ˖ǬeɃ˖¥ơƎơȥȍơɭǫ
ࡧ%ȍơljŔɭǫʋ
• Hordeolum
ࡧ÷ŔȍŔ˖ˊȶȥ
ࡧ%Ŕȇʋơɭǫˊơȍ‘ȶȥǿȶȥȇʋǫʽǫʋ
ࡧčʽơǫʋ
ࡧ7ŔɭŔƇǬȍǬnjȍȶȇȶȟ
ࡧ¶ɭŹǫʋŔȍòơȍȍʧȍǫʋ
ࡧĪǫɭŔȍ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋ
• Allerjik Konǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋ
ࡧ‘ȶɭȥơŔȍFȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭࢎĔȍɽơɭŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ࢏
3. Akut hemorajik konjunktivit (Apollo XI
‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋǫ࢏
ࡧFȥʋơɭȶʽǫɭʧɽʋǫɢࠆ߿࡫ƃȶȇɽŔȇǫʋǫɢࠁࠃʽơŔƎơȥȶʽǫɭʧɽ
ơʋȇơȥȍơɭȶȍʠɢɽʠŹȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔȍȇŔȥŔȟŔˊȍŔ
ɽơˊɭơƎơȥŔȇʠʋljȶȍȍǫȇʠȍơɭȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋˊŔɢŔɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࠃࡲqơɭɢơɽòǫȟɢȍơˉĪǫɭʧɽ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋࢎ7ơȥƎɭǫʋǫȇ
‘ơɭŔʋȶȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋ࢏
ࡧþơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊǬƃǬȇơɭŔʋȶȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋˊŔɢŔɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧeɃ˖ȇŔɢŔȇȍŔɭǬȥƎŔǠơɭɢơʋǫȇʽơ˖ǫȇʧȍȍơɭ
ȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧ7ŔǠŔƇȶȇƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔȇȶɭȥơŔȍƎơȥƎɭǫʋȍơɭǫƇơɭơȥ
ȇơɭŔʋǫʋȍơɭȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲࢨqŔɭǫʋŔࢩŹơȥ˖ơɭǫʽơ
ࢨƎơȥƎɭǫʋǫȇࢩʧȍɽơɭȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
qǫɢơɭŔȇʠʋ%Ŕȇʋơɭǫˊơȍ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋࢎȇʠʋáʧɭʧȍŔȥ
‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋ࢏
- Fʋȇơȥ¥ơǫɽɽơɭǫŔnjȶȥȶɭǠơŔƎǬɭࡲÄɭȥơȇʋơnjɭŔȟࢎ-࢏
ƎǫɢȍȶȇȶȇȍŔɭnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- Ä˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơˊơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫȥơࢎȶȶljʋŔȍȟǫȶ
ȥơȶȥŔʋŔɭʠȟ࢏ɽơŹơɢȶȍʠɭࡲ
YơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋǫ
ࡧࠀࡲ– ࠁࡲnjʧȥॻȇǫȟˊŔɽŔȍࢎnj¥¶ࠂ࢏
ࡧࠁࡲ– ࠃࡲeʧȥॻnjȶȥȶȇȶȇɽǫȇࡸqòĪ
ࡧࠃࡲ– ࠀࠃࡲeĔ¥ॻȇȍŔȟǫƎˊŔȍ
ࡧࠀࠃࡲ– ࠀࠆࡲeʧȥɢɽơʠƎȶȟŔȥɽ
- ƃǫȍʋơƎŔʽǫnjơɭơȇʋǫɭࡲþơʋɭŔɽǫȇȍǫȥ࡫‘ȍȶɭŔȟljơȥǫȇŔȍ࡫
áơȥǫɽǫȍǫȥȍǫƎŔȟȍŔࡲ
‘ɭȶȥǫȇ%Ŕȇʋơɭǫˊơȍ‘ȶȥǿȶȥȇʋǫʽǫʋ
- FȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥòʋŔljǫȍȶȇȶȇȇʠɽŔʠɭơʠɽࢫʋʠɭࡲ
55
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••F荃‘‘¶¥č¥‘þƒĪƒþ•Fè
Soru
1. Saman Nezlesi Konjunktiviti:
ࡧeơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŔɽʋǬȟʽơˊŔŔȍơɭǿǫȇɭǫȥǫʋnjǫŹǫŹǫɭŔȍơɭǿǫȇ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥǬȥơʂȍǫȇơʋʋǫǐǫȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋʋǫɢǫƎǫɭࡲ1ǫƇơȇ
ʋȶ˖ȍŔɭǬ࡫ǠŔˊʽŔȥʋʧˊȍơɭǫnjǫŹǫʠƇʠʂŔȥŔȍơɭǿơȥȍơɭơ
ȇŔɭʂǬƎʠˊŔɭȍǬȍǬǐŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔȥǬȥ
ɽǫʋȶȍȶǿǫȇǫȥƃơȍơȟơɽǫȥƎơơȶ˖ǫȥȶljǫȍȍơɭnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơɽȶǐʠȇȇȶȟɢɭơɽ࡫ɽʋơɭȶǫƎʽơȇɭȶȟȶȍǫȥ
ɽȶƎˊʠȟȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࠀ࢏ʂŔǐǬƎŔȇilerden hangisi vernal
ȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋǫȥɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫȥƎơȥŹǫɭǫƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡳ
࢏FȇɽơɭǫˊơʋȍơɢʠŹơɭʋơɃȥƃơɽǫŹŔʂȍŔȟŔɽǬ
%࢏‘ŔȍǬʋɽŔȍnjơƇǫɽǫȥɽɃ˖ȇȶȥʠɽʠȶȍȟŔɽǬ
-࢏òȶǐʠȇʋŔɭɽȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔɽǬȥƎŔȇŔȍƎǬɭǬȟʋŔʂǬȥƎŔ
ɢŔǫȍȍŔȍŔɭnjɃɭʧȍȟơɽǫ
F࢏‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔƎŔljǫŹɭǫȥɃ˖ɢɽơʠƎȶȟơȟŹɭŔȥȍŔɭ
ȶȍʠʂȟŔɽǬ
3. Fliktenli Konjunktivit
- þʠŹơɭȇʠȍȶɢɭȶʋơǫȥȍơɭơȇŔɭʂǬnjơȍǫʂơȥŹǫɭnjơƃǫȇȟǫʂ
ǠǫɢơɭɽơȥɽǫʋǫʽǫʋơɭơŔȇɽǫˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔƎŔࠀࠂȟȟƇŔɢǬȥƎŔ࡫ȟʠȍʋǫɢȍʧȍɽơɭŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭƎŔȟŔɭȍŔɭʽơ
Ǡǫɢơɭơȟǫȇȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- þŔŹŔȥǬȍǫȟŹʠɽʋŔ olan sonra ɽȇŔɭŹǬɭŔȇȟŔƎŔȥ
ǫˊǫȍơʂơȥljȍǫȇʋơȥȍơɭȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
4. Dev Papiller Konjunktivit
ࠁࡲĪơɭȥŔȍ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋࢎ%ŔǠŔɭ¥ơ˖ȍơɽǫ࢏
ࡧ7ŔǠŔƇȶȇơɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơʽơɽǬƃŔȇǫȇȍǫȟŹɃȍnjơȍơɭǫȥƎơ
njɃɭʧȍơȥ࡫ǫȍȇŹŔǠŔɭŔˊȍŔɭǬȥƎŔɢȶȍơȥȍơɭǫȥʋơʋǫȇȍơƎǫǐǫ࡫
ǠơɭơƎǫʋơɭ Ƀ˖ơȍȍǫȇʋŔʂǬȟŔˊŔȥ࡫ŹơɭŔŹơɭǫȥƎơŔɽʋǬȟɭǫȥǫʋnjɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍơȥȇŔʂǬȥȟŔȇǬ˖ŔɭȟŔǫȍơɽơˊɭơƎơȥ
ŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍŔȍơɭǿǫȇȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋʋǫɭࡲbȶʋȶljȶŹǫ࡫ȇŔʂǬȥȟŔ
ŹȍơljŔɭȶɽɢŔ˖ȟʂǫȇŔˊơʋȍơɭǫˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
ࡧहࠅ߿– हࠇ߿áá7ɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljʋǫɭࡲ
- 7ơʽɢŔɢǫȍȍơɭȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋȇȶȥʋŔȇʋȍơȥɽ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥŔȥȍŔɭƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲþǫɢࠀǠǫɢơɭɽȥɽǫʋǫʽǫʋơ
ɭơŔȇɽǫˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
- •ơȥɽǫȥƇǬȇŔɭǬȍȟŔɽǬʽơȇǬɽŔɽʧɭơȍǫࢎࠀ– ࠁǠŔljʋŔ࢏
ɽʋơɭȶǫƎʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫ ǫȍơʋŔȟŔȟơȥƎʧ˖ơȍǫɭŹʠȥơƎơȥȍơ
ơȥǫˊǫɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ȍʠŔȍơɭǿǫȇȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋʋǫɭࡲ
5. Atopik konjunktivit
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŔʋȶɢǫȇƎơɭȟŔʋǫʋơơʂȍǫȇơƎơɭࡲ‘ȶɭȥơŔʽơ
ȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔƎŔɽȇŔɭȍŔɭȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭࡲ
- %ʠȥơƎơȥƎơȥƎȶȍŔˊǬɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ʠơȥȇɃʋʧȶȍŔȥ
alerjik konjunktivittir.
KLAMƒ7ĵ•‘¶¥č¥‘þƒĪƒþ•Fè
ࠀࡲĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥǬȥǫȥȇȍʠ˖ˊȶȥȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋǫ
- Fʋȇơȥ-ࡲþɭŔƃǠȶȟŔʋǫɽ7-‘ɽơɭȶʋǫɢǫƎǫɭࡲ
ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍơȥȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋȍơɭƎơȥơȥɽǬȇ
njɃɭʧȍơȥǫƎǫɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫɽʠȍljȶȥŔȟǫƎƎŔȟȍŔȍŔɭǬʽơˊŔʋơʋɭŔɽǫȇȍǫȥȍǫ
ȟơɭǠơȟȍơɭȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲࢎơȥŔ˖ࠂǠŔljʋŔ࢏
ࡧáŔȍɢơŹɭŔƎŔ ɽʧʋȍʧŹơˊŔ˖njɃɭʧȥʋʧ࡫ʋŔɭɽࢫƎŔƎơʽ
papillalar ࢨȇŔȍƎǬɭǬȟʋŔʂǬࢩ ˊŔɢǬɭࡲ
ࡧ%ʠǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŔʋŔɢǫǠǫȇŔˊơɽǫ
ȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơࡷɽȶǐʠȇȇȶȟɢɭơɽˊȶȥʠˊnjʠȍŔȟŔɽǬ࡫
ʽŔ˖ȶȇȶȥɽʋɭǫȇʋɃɭȍơɭ࡫ŔȥʋǫǠǫɽʋŔȟǫȥǫȇȍơɭ࡫ȟŔɽʋǠʧƃɭơ
ɽʋŔŹǫȍǫ˖ŔʋɃɭȍơɭǫʽơŔǐǬɭʽŔȇŔȍŔɭƎŔʋȶɢǫȇŔȍɽʋơɭȶǫƎȍơɭ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࠁࡲFɭǫʂȇǫȥƒȥȇȍʠ˖ˊȶȥ‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋǫ
- ȇʠʋljȶȍǫȇʠȍơɭȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋȶȍŔɭŔȇŹŔʂȍŔɭʽơ
ɽǬȇȍǬȇȍŔȇɭȶȥǫȇȍơʂǫɭࡲþơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬǠǫɢơɭơȟǫȇnjɃ˖࡫
56
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
Pterigium: áǫȥnjơȇʠȍŔʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơȥnjơȍǫʂơȥʽơ
ȇȶɭȥơŔȥǬȥʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơȥnjơȍǫʂơȥʽơȇȶɭȥơŔȥǬȥ
ʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơȥǫȍơɭȍơˊơȥʧƇnjơȥǫȟɽǫƎȶȇʠȶȍʠɢʋơƎŔʽǫ
ơȇɽǫ˖ˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
ȟʧȇȶɢʠɭʠȍŔȥŔȇǬȥʋǬ࡫ǠŔɽɽŔɽɢɭơŔʠɭǫȇʠȍŔɭȍơȥlj
ȥȶƎʠʽơljȶȍǫȇʠȍơɭȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
- ࠂǠŔljʋŔɽʧɭơˊȍơʋơʋɭŔɽǫȇȍǫȥʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫʠˊnjʠȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
3. Trahom
- FʋȇơȥȇȍŔȟǫƎˊŔʋɭŔȇɽȶȟŔʋǫɽʋǫɭࡲࢎ-B-BA-C
òʠʂȍŔɭǬ࢏
- %ǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍȇɭȶȥǫȇljȶȍǫȇʠȍơɭȇơɭŔʋȶȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋʋǫɭࡲ
- ȇʠʋljȶȍǫȇʠȍơɭȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽǫʋǫȥơʋȇơȥǫ
ŔƎơȥȶʽǫɭʧɽʋʠɭࡲ
- FȥnjơȍȍơȥơŹǫȍơȥȇɃɭȇȍʧȇȍơɭǫȥơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥǫƎǫɭࡲ
- ࠀࡲòơȥǫȍ‘ŔʋŔɭŔȇʋ࡫ࠁࡲeȍȶȇȶȟ
‘¶¥č¥‘þƒĪþĔ¡Äè•Fèƒ
‘ȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔƎŔȇǫɢǫnjȟơȥʋơȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭƎŔ
ȟŔȍǫnjȥȍơʂơŹǫȍơȥɢɭǫȟơɭŔȇȇǫ˖ȟơȍŔȥȶ˖ǫɽࢎá¡࢏
veya maȍǫnjȥȟơȍŔȥȶȟȶȍŔŹǫȍơƃơǐǫȥƎơȥƇǬȇŔɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ
njơɭơȇǫɭࡲ
KORNEA HASTALIKLARI
ࡧáŔȥȥʠɽࢎʽŔɽȇʠȍŔɭǫ˖ơȇȶɭȥơŔ࢏
ࡧqơɭŹơɭʋƇʠȇʠɭȍŔɭǬࢎȍǫȟŹŔȍŹɃȍnjơƎơƇʠȇʠɭȍŔɭ࢏
ࡧɭǫȍʋƇǫ˖njǫȍơɭǫࢎʧɽʋȇŔɢŔȇʋŔɽȇŔɭ࢏
- òŔˊƎŔȟȶȍŔȥȇȶɭȥơŔnjɃ˖ʧȥǫȍȇʽơơȥȇǬɭǬƃǬ
ȶɭʋŔȟǬƎǬɭࡲ
- ¥ȶɭȟŔȍ ȇȶɭȥơŔˊŔɢǬɽǬɽŔǐȍŔȟȶȍȟŔȇȍŔŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơ
njȶȥȶȇȶȇ࡫Ǝǫljʋơɭǫ࡫ǠơȟȶljǫȍʠɽʽơȍǫɽʋơɭǫŔ ȇȶɭȥơŔˊǬ
ƎǫɭơȇʋǫȥʽŔ˖ơơƎơŹǫȍȟơˊơʋơȥơǐǫȥơɽŔǠǫɢʋǫɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ȶɭȥơŔơɢǫʋơȍǫƇȶȇȇŔʋȍǬˊŔɽɽǬơɢǫʋơȍƎǫɭࡲ
7FF¥Fèþƒb‘¶¥č¥‘þƒĪ•qòþ•z‘•è
‘¶è¥Fƒ•þƒqᕥ¡•èzࢎ‘ơɭŔʋǫʋ࢏
Pingekula: %ʠȍŹŔɭȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔƎŔȇȶɭȥơŔȥǬȥǠơɭǫȇǫ
ʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔȶȍʠʂŔȥɽŔɭǬȟɽǬȇŔŹŔɭȶȍȇǫʋȍơƎǫɭࡲ
- eɃ˖ǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫˊȍơŔɭʋŔȥŔǐɭǬʋǫɢǫȇŹʠȍnjʠɽʠƎʠɭࡲ
- bȶʋȶljȶŹǫʽơnjɃ˖ˊŔʂŔɭȟŔɽǬnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲbȶʋȶljȶŹǫˊǫ
ɃȥȍơȟơȇǫƇǫȥǠŔɽʋŔnjɃ˖ʧȥʧȇŔɢŔʋǬɭࡲ
ࢎ%ȍơljŔɭȶɽɢŔ˖ȟ࢏
F¥bF‘òƒĵÄŁ‘Fèþƒþ•Fè
%Ŕȇʋơɭǫˊơȍ‘ơɭŔʋǫʋ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇ
òࡲŔʠɭơʠɽࢫǫȥ
ȶȍʠʂʋʠɭƎʠǐʠʽơ
ȇơɭŔʋǫʋʋǫɢȍơɭǫ
ǫƇǫȥƎơơȥɽǬȇ
njɃɭʧȍơȥǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ȶȥʋŔȇʋȍơȥɽ
kullananlarda
ǫɽơƎŔǠŔƇȶȇ
áࡲơɭʠnjǫȥȶɽŔˊŔŹŔǐȍǬȇơɭŔʋǫʋ njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
57
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
Viral Keratit
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơǠơɭɢơɽȍơɭơŹŔǐȍǬȶȍŔɭŔȇnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
KorneaƎŔƎơȥƎɭǫʋǫȇʧȍɽơɭˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
- ‘ǫʂǫȥǫȥǫȟȟʠȥƎǫɭơȥƃǫȥǫȥ˖ŔˊǬljȍŔȥȟŔɽǬʽơɽʋơɭȶǫƎ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥȟŔɽǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍŔɭŔȇʧȍɽơɭnjơȥǫʂȍơɭʽơ
ǿơȶnjɭŔljǫȇʧȍɽơɭȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
Fungal Keratit
- bʠȥnjŔȍȇơɭŔʋǫʋǫȥơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥȍơɭǫƃŔȥƎǫƎŔ࡫
ŔɽɢơɭnjǫȍȍʠɽʋʧɭȍơɭǫƎǫɭࡲ
- Ä˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơȇơȟȶʋơɭŔɢǫʽơʠ˖ʠȥɽʧɭơȍǫɽʋơɭȶǫƎ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍŔɭŔȇnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲþơƎŔʽǫƎơʋȶɢǫȇŔȍ
Ŕȟljȶʋơɭǫɽǫȥ%ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
Nöroparalitik Keratit
- ǐɭǬɽǬ˖ȇơɭŔʋǫʋʋơƎơȥǫɭࡲbŔɽˊŔȍȥơʽɭŔȍǿǫȍơɭ࡫Ǡơɭɢơɽ
ʽơŔȍȇŔȍǫˊŔȥǬȇȍŔɭƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- ‘ȶɭȥơŔƎʠˊŔɭȍǬȍǬǐǬŔ˖ŔȍȟǬʂʋǬɭʽơnjɃ˖ȇǬɭɢȟŔ
ɭơljȍơȇɽǫƎơ˖ŔˊǬljȍŔȥȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫˊơƎǫɭơȥƇȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
Akantemeoba Keratiti
- ‘ȶȥʋŔȇʋȍơȥɽȍơɭǫˊȍơɽʠˊŔnjǫɭơȥȇǫʂǫȍơɭƎơnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
- Prognozu en kötü olan keratit tipidir.
KERATOKONUS
- ‘ȶɭȥơŔŹȶȟŹơȍǫǐǫȥǫȥǫȥƃơȍơɭơȇɃȥơƎȶǐɭʠȇɭȶȥǫȇ
ŹǫɭˊŔɢǬȇŔ˖ŔȥȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ%ʠȥŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍarak
ŔɽʋǫnjȟŔʋǫ˖ȟȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍǫɭࡲ
- %ʠǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔnjɃ˖ȍʧȇǫʂơˊaramaz ve kontakt
lens endikasyonu ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇǫȍơɭȍơƎǫǐǫȥƎơȇơɭŔʋȶɢȍŔɽʋǫˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
ƒȥʋơɭɽʋǫʋǫɽˊơȍ‘ơɭŔʋǫʋ
FʋǫˊȶȍȶǿǫɽǫȥƎơɽǫljǫȍǫ˖࡫ʋʧŹơɭȇʧȍȶ˖ʽơȍơɢɭŔ olan
ȇȶɭȥơŔȥǬȥɽʠɢʠɭŔʋǫljȶȍȟŔˊŔȥǫȍʋǫǠŔŹǬƎǬɭࡲþơƎŔʽǫƎơ
ʋȶɢǫȇŔȍɽʋơɭȶǫƎʽơɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
NON-F¥bF‘òƒĵ¶Ł‘Fèþƒþ•Fè
Exposure keratit
- bŔɽǫˊŔȍɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫ࡫ʋɭǫȇǫˊŔ˖ǫɽ࡫ơȇʋɭȶɢǫȶȥ࡫ʋǫɭȶǫƎ
oftalmopatisi njǫŹǫȇȶɭȥơŔȥǬȥƎǬʂơʋȇơȥȍơɭƎơȥ
korunmasǬȥǬɽŔǐȍŔˊŔȥȟơȇŔȥǫ˖ȟŔȍŔɭǬȥ
Źȶ˖ʠȍȟŔɽǬˊȍŔȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
- ‘ȶɭȥơŔɃȥˊʧ˖ʧȥƎơȇʠɭʠȟŔˊŔɢŔɭʽơŔǐǬɭ
ȶȍnjʠȍŔɭƎŔȇȶơȥŔƎŔɢơɭljȶɭŔɽˊȶȥŔȇŔƎŔɭnjǫƎơɭࡲ
SKLERA HASTALIKLARI
Episklerit
- ‘ǬɭȟǬ˖ǬnjɃ˖࡫ljȶʋȶljȶŹǫ࡫ȍŔȇɭǫȟŔɽˊȶȥʽơǠŔljǫljŔǐɭǬ
ȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơɽơŹơŹǫŹơȍȍǫƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭ࡫ʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȍȶȇŔȍ
ɽʋơɭȶǫƎƎǫɭࡲ
58
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Supuratif Uveit
- FȥɽǬȇstafilokoklara ŹŔǐȍǬƎǬɭࡲˊɭǬƃŔ
ɽʋɭơʋȶȇȶȇȍŔɭƎŔˊŔɢŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲĪǫʋɭơʠɽʋŔɢʧɭʧȍŔȥ
ơȇɽʠƎŔȍŔɭ࡫Ǡǫɢȶɢˊȶȥ࡫ơȥƎȶljʋŔȍȟǫ࡫ɢŔȥȶljʋŔȍȟǫʽơ
ɽɢȶȥʋŔȥɢơɭljȶɭŔɽˊȶȥ ˊŔɢŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
Granulomatoz Uveit
- þȶȇɽȶɢȍŔ˖ȟŔʽơʋʧŹơɭȇʧȍȶ˖ŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠʂŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŔɭȇŔɽơnjȟơȥʋǫʋʠʋŔɭʽơơɢǫʋơȍȶǫƎƎơʽ
Ǡʧƃɭơȍơɭȍơ࡫ȍơȥljȶɽǫʋʋơȥȶȍʠʂŔȥȥȶƎʧȍȍơɭǫȍơ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
Sklerit
‘ȶȍȍŔǿơȥƎȶȇʠǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬʽơʋʧŹơɭȇʧȍȶ˖njǫŹǫ
ɽǫɽʋơȟǫȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭơʋȇơȥȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ÷ǫƎƎơʋȍǫŔǐɭǬ
ȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲþơƎŔʽǫƎơɽǫɽʋơȟǫȇɽʋơɭȶǫƎʽơɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
Koeppe Nodul
UVEA HASTALIKLARI
Busacca Nodul
Otoimmun Uveit
- FȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥȍơɭǫ %ơǠƇơʋʽơq•-%ࠁࠆ ɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljȍǫǐǫ
ŹʠȍʠȥŔȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭŔŹŔǐȍǬȶʋȶǫȟȟʠȥȥơƎơȥȍơɭƎǫɭࡲ
- ‘ǬɭȟǬ˖ǬnjɃ˖࡫ŹʠȍŔȥǬȇnjɃɭȟơʽơǠŔljǫljŔǐɭǬ
ȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫƎơŔʋɭȶɢǫȥnjǫŹǫɽǫȇȍȶɢȍơǿǫȇȍơɭǫȍȇ
ɽơƇơȥơȇʋǫɭࡲ%ʠȥȍŔɭɽǫȍǫơɭȇŔɽʋŔnjơƇǫƃǫɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫ
ˊŔɢŔɭŔȇŔǐɭǬˊǬŔ˖ŔȍʋǬɭʽơɢʠɢǫȍȍŔˊǬƎǫȍŔʋơơƎơɭơȇ
ŔɭȇŔʂǫȥơʂǫˊǫŔ˖ŔȍʋǬɭȍŔɭࡲ
- òʋơɭȶǫƎʽơǫȟȟʠȥɽʠɢɭơɽɽǫljȍơɭȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
59
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•Ä‘¶‘¶èƒ
- FȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥơɭʋǫȥȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟƎʠɭࡲࢎ1ȶƃʠȇ࢏
- èơʋǫȥŔƎơȇȶȍȟŔȥǬ
- qáĪ
- Toksokara ƃŔȥǫɽʽơƃŔʋǫ
- ‘ŔʋŔɭŔȇʋࢎĵơʋǫʂȇǫȥ࢏
- áɭơȟŔʋʠɭɭơʋǫȥȶɢŔʋǫɽǫ
čĪFþĔ¡Äè•Fèƒ
- %ơȥǫnjȥơȥɽǬȇȥơʽʠɽȍơɭ࡫ȟŔȍǫnjȥȶȍŔɭŔȇɽŔ
melanom ɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- ¡ơȍŔȥȶȟȇŔɭȶǫƎơˊơɭȍơʂơɭơȇɭơʋǫȥŔƎơȇȶȍȟŔȥǬȥŔ
ˊȶȍŔƇŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
KATARAKT
- •ơȥɽǫȥɽŔˊƎŔȟȍǬǐǬȥǬȇŔˊŹơƎǫɢȟŔʋȍŔʂȟŔɽǬȥŔ
ȇŔʋŔɭŔȇʋŔƎǬʽơɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
- 1ȶƃʠȇȍʠȇʽơˊơʋǫʂȇǫȥȍǫȇƎɃȥơȟǫȥǫȥơȥŹŔʂʋŔ
gelen lökokori nedenlerindendir.
- þơƎŔʽǫơƎǫȍȟơ˖ɽơŔȟŹȍǫȶɢǫnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
èFþƒ¥qòþ•z‘•èz
èơʋǫȥŔ7ŔȟŔɭqŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ࡲòŔȥʋɭŔȍèơʋǫȥŔȍɭʋơɭþǬȇŔȥǬȇȍǬǐǬ
- ĵŔʂȍǬȍŔɭƎŔʋơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬ࡫ŔȥǫŔǐɭǬɽǬ˖njɃɭȟơȇŔˊŹǬȥŔ
ȥơƎơȥȶȍŔȥɽǬȇȍǬȇȍŔơȟŹȶȍǫȇŔˊȥŔȇȍǬƎʠɭʠȟƎʠɭࡲ
- ¡ʠŔˊơȥơƎơǬʂǬȇɭơljȍơȇɽǫŔȍǬȥȟŔ˖ʽơȟǫƎɭǫŔ˖ǫɽ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- ¶ljʋŔȍȟȶɽȇȶɢǫƎơljȶʽơŔࢫƎŔȄǩɧȜǩˏǩȢȲȄʄŔ ࢇŠŔɝȲȢ
%Ŕ˃ɧŔǍǩ࢈ njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
%ࡲòŔȥʋɭŔȍèơʋǫȥŔȍĪơȥþǬȇŔȥǬȇȍǬǐǬ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơˊŔʂȍǬȍǬȇ࡫7¡ʽơǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ
ȇŔˊȥŔȇȍǬƎǬɭࡲɭʋơɭʋǬȇŔȥǬȇȍǬǐǬȥŔnjɃɭơƎŔǠŔˊŔʽŔʂʽơ
ŔǐɭǬɽǬ˖njɃɭȟơȇŔˊŹǬˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
- ¶ljʋŔȍȟȶɽȇȶɢǫȇȟʠŔˊơȥơƎơɭơʋǫȥŔȍȇŔȥŔȟŔȍŔɭ
ǠŔȇǫȟƎǫɭʽơǫȍơɭȍơˊơȥƎɃȥơȟȍơɭƎơɢŔɢǫȍɃƎơȟǫ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- bʠȥƎʠɽɃƎơȟȍǫ࡫ơȇɽʠƎŔʋǫljʽơȇȶȥǿơɽơƎǫɭࡲ
- ¥ơȶʽŔɽȇʠȍŔɭǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥŔŹŔǐȍǬɽơȇȶȥƎơɭnjȍȶȇȶȟ
ȶȍʠʂʋʠɭŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
Konjenital Katarakt
- 1ȶƃʠȇȍʠȇƎɃȥơȟǫȇɃɭȍʧǐʧȥʧȥŹŔʂʋŔnjơȍơȥ
ȥơƎơȥȍơɭǫȥƎơƎǫɭࡲ
- •ơȥɽɃȥˊʧ˖ʧȥƎơɢǫnjȟơȥʋơˊʠʽŔɭȍŔȇ halka
ʂơȇȍǫȥƎơȍơ˖ˊȶȥnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- qŔˊŔʋǬȥǫȍȇˊǬȍǬȥƎŔȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍơȥȇŔʋŔɭŔȇʋŔ
Ǝơȥǫɭࡲ
- ‘ŔȍǬʋɽŔȍȶȍȟŔˊŔȥȇȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍȇŔʋŔɭŔȇʋŔ࡫ɭʠŹơȍȍŔ࡫
ʋȶȇɽȶɢȍŔ˖ȟȶ˖ǫɽ࡫ȇŔŹŔȇʠȍŔȇ࡫ɭơʋɭȶȍơȥʋŔȍljǫŹɭȶɢȍŔ˖ǫ࡫
neonatal hipoglisemi ve hipokalsemi sebep.
Sekonder Katarakt
- FǫɽƃǠȥǫnjǫȥƃǫȍơɭǫŹʠȍʠȥʠɭࡲ
- ȟơȍǫˊŔʋɽȶȥɭŔɽǬnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
60
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
èFþƒ¥7F‘¶•¡¥z
ࡧFȥɽǬȇʠ˖ŔȇȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ˊơɭȍơɭǫ¡òò࡫ȇŔljŔʋŔɽǬ࡫ƎǫɽʋŔȍ
ȇơȟǫȇʽơȍơȥljȥȶƎȍŔɭǬƎǬɭࡲ
- Sensoryal ɭơʋǫȥŔʋŔŹŔȇŔɽǬȥǬȥɢǫnjȟơȥʋ
ơɢǫʋơȍǫȥƎơȥŔˊɭǬȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
- bȶʋȶɢɽǫࢇ˃ŔȢǩɝɷȾȢƟȢǩɻǩȄȊŔɧ࢈ǬʂǬȇƇŔȇȟŔȍŔɭǬ࡫
ˊʧ˖ơȥƃǫɽǫȟȍơɭnjɃɭȟơ࡫njɃɭȟơȇŔˊǬɢȍŔɭǬǫȍơ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
- ¶ljʋŔȍȟȶɽȇȶɢǫƎơƎơȇȶȍơɭơʋǫȥŔnjɭǫnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
¶èþƒ%qòþ•z‘•èz
Eksoftalmus
áDõ€¢5DŽ°’ž¢w`D°õ°Úꀢ€¢D¢êwŽ
¢D5D¢€5€á࡯
ࡧčȥǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍơȇɽȶljʋŔȍȟʠɽȥơƎơȥȍơɭǫȥƎen orbital
sellutit ƇȶƃʠȇʋŔơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥƎǫɭࡲ ࢇƟʄǝȜȲǨƌɷǨȢʠˏǨʄƟ
ŸŔǍȊǩ࢈ ˊɭǬƃŔȶɭŹǫʋŔȍɢɽơʠƎȶʋʠȟȶɭʽơʋȶȍȶɽŔ-Ǡʠȥʋ
ɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠȥơƎơȥȍơɭŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ%ǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍơȇɽȶljʋŔȍȟʠɽȥơƎơȥȍơɭǫȥƎơȥɽơơȥɽǬȇ
ǠǫɢơɭʋǫɭȶǫƎǫ࡫njɭŔʽơɽǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ࡫ȇŔʽơɭȥȶ˖ɽǫȥʧɽ
ʋɭȶȟŹȶljȍơŹǫʋǫʽơʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
èơnjȟȶʋȶǿơȥþǫɢࢎĵǬɭʋǬȇȍǬ࢏
ࡧFȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥɭơʋǫȥŔƎơȇȶȍȟŔȥǬʋǫɢǫƎǫɭࡲ
Eksudatif Tip
ࡧqþ࡫njơŹơȍǫȇʋȶȇɽơȟǫɽǫ࡫ȍɃɽơȟǫ࡫ȶɭŔȇǠʧƃɭơȍǫ
Ŕȥơȟǫ࡫ȟơȍŔȥȶȟʽơɽơȟɢŔʋǫȇȶljʋŔȍȟǫƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
Enoftalmus
Traksiyon Tip
• Diyabetik retinopati ơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧ7ǫˊŔŹơʋʽơʽǫʋɭơʠɽȇŔˊŹǬȥŔȥơƎơȥȶȍŔȥȇŔʋŔɭŔȇʋ
ȶɢơɭŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥơƎơȥȍơɭǫȥƎơȥƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧĪǫʋɭơʠɽǫƇǫȥƎơȇǫljǫŹɭɃ˖ŹŔȥʋȍŔɭǬȥɭơʋǫȥŔˊǬ
Ƈơȇȟơɽǫˊȍơȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫȟʠʋȍŔȇƃơɭɭŔǠǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇɽơŹơŹǫȇʧȥʋʋɭŔʽȟŔɽȶȥʠƃʠȶȍʠʂŔȥŹȍȶˁ
ȶʠʋljɭŔȇʋʧɭʧƎʧɭࡲĵŔʂȍǬƎŔơȥɽǬȇȶɭŹǫʋŔȍˊŔǐ
ƎȶȇʠɽʠȥʠȥŔʋɭȶljǫɽǫˊȍơȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
¶ɭŹǫʋŔþʧȟɃrleri
ࡧFȥɽǬȇŹơȥǫnjȥʋʧȟɃɭȇŔʽơɭȥɃ˖ǠơȟŔȥǿǫȶȟƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇȟŔȍǫȥʋȟơɭǫʂȇǫȥƎơȟŔȍǫnjȥȟơȍŔȥȶȟ࡫
çocukta rabdomyosarkomdur.
Retinoblastoma
ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇȍʠȇƇŔǐǬȥǬȥơȥɽǬȇȟŔȍǫnjȥnjɃ˖ʋʧȟɃɭʧƎʧɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ơȥƎǫȍǫǐǫȥƎơȥɭơnjɭơɽơȶȍȟŔȇȍŔŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơǠơɭơƎǫʋơɭ
ȶȍŔȥȍŔɭɽǬȇȍǬȇȍŔŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍʽơȟʠȍʋǫljȶȇŔȍƎǫɭࡲ
• Osteosarkomla ŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơȍǫǐǫɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
ࡧeơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơࠁˊŔʂƃǫʽŔɭǬȥƎŔnjɃ˖ƎơŔǐɭǬ࡫ǠŔɽɽŔɽǫˊơʋ࡫
ȇɃʋʧnjɃɭȟơ࡫ɽʋɭŔŹǫɽȟʠɽʽơɢʠɢǫȍȍŔƎŔȍɃȇȶȇŔɭǫǫȍơ
ƎȶȇʋȶɭŔŹŔʂʽʠɭʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ʧƇʧȇȟŔʽǫˊʠʽŔɭȍŔȇǠʧƃɭơȍǫʋʧȟɃɭnjɭʠŹʠndan
ȶȍŔȥɭơʋǫȥȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟƎŔnjơɭƇơȇɭȶ˖ơʋȍơɭࢎljȍơˉơɭˁǫȥʋơɭɽʋơǫȥơɭ࢏ʽơɢɽɃƎȶɭȶ˖ơʋȍơɭࢎqȶȟơ-ĭɭǫnjǠʋ࢏
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
òF¡áþƒ‘¶bþ•¡ƒ
ࡧòơȟɢŔʋǫȇȶljʋŔȍȟǫࡷŹǫɭnjɃ˖ƎơɢơȥơʋɭŔȥˊŔɭŔȍŔȥȟŔ
ˊŔƎŔƎŔǠŔɽơˊɭơȇƎơȶȍɽŔƃơɭɭŔǠǫnjǫɭǫʂǫȟǫʋŔȇǫŹơȥ
ǠơɭǫȇǫnjɃ˖ƎơnjơȍǫʂơȥƎǫljljʧ˖njɭŔȥʧȍȶȟŔʋɃ˖
ʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊǬƃǬɢŔȥʧʽơǫʋʋŔŹȍȶɽʠƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫƎơɽŔǐȍŔȟnjɃ˖Ǝơʠʽơǫʋ ŹŔʂȍŔȟǬʂɽŔˊȶǐʠȥ
ǫɭǫƎȶɽǫȇȍǫʋʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ7ŔǠŔɽȶȥɭŔ
ǫȟȟʠȥɽʠɢɭơɽǫljʋơƎŔʽǫʠ˖ʠȥˊǬȍȍŔɭˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
61
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÷÷z•z‘
ࡧFȇɽʋơɭȥŔȍȶljʋŔȍȟȶɢȍơǿǫȍơɭʽơˊŔǫȥʋơɭȥŔȍ
ȶljʋŔȍȟȶɢȍơǿǫȍơɭơŹŔǐȍǬŹǫȥȶȇʠȍơɭnjɃɭȟơȥǫȥ
Źȶ˖ʠȍȟŔɽǬɽȶȥʠƃʠȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍŔɭʂŔʂǬȍǬȇʋŔȥȇʠɭʋʠȍȟŔȇǫƇǫȥɽʠɢɭơɽˊȶȥʽơ
ŔȥȶɭȟŔȍɭơʋǫȥŔȇȶɭɭơɽɢȶȥƎŔɽǬȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ(Göz
ʄƟȜŸƟȊȊǨǍǨ࢈
ƇơʽɭơɽǫȥƎơʽơnjɃ˖ȇʧɭơɽǫȥǫɽŔɭŔȥȇȶȥǿʠȥȇʋǫʽŔƎŔ
ȇǬ˖ŔɭǬȇȍǬȇʽơƎǫȍŔʋơ࡫ǠŔɭơȇơʋɽǫ˖njɃ˖ŹơŹơǐǫŹʠȍʠȥʠɭࡲ
Tedavisi
ࡧ¶ɽȟȶʋǫȇŔǿŔȥȍŔɭࢎ¡Ŕȥȥǫʋȶȍ࡫¶ɭŔȍnjȍǫɽơɭȶȍ࢏
ࡧɽơʋȶ˖ȶȍŔȟǫƎ
• Pilokarbin
ࡧ%ơʋŔ%ȍȶȇɃɭȍơɭ
%ʠǫȍŔƇȍŔɭŔɭŔǐȟơȥnjɃ˖ŹŔɽǬȥƃǬƎʧʂȟơ˖ɽơȶɢʋǫȇ
ŔʋɭȶljǫˊǫơȥnjơȍȍơȟơȇǫƇǫȥperiferik iridektomi
ˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
ƇǬȇƇǬȍǬeȍȶȇȶȟ
- FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥnjȍȶȇȶȟʋǫɢǫƎǫɭ
- ƒɭǫƎȶȇȶɭȥơŔȍŔƇǬȥȶɭȟŔȍƎǫɭࡲqʠȟȶɭŔȇȶ˖ˊŔɢǬȟǬ
ŔɭʋȟǬʂʽơˊŔƎɭơȥŔǿǬˊơʋơɭȍǫƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡲ
- ¶ɢʋǫȇƎǫɽȇƃʠɢɢǫȥnjŔɭʋȟȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲòǬȇȍǬȇȍŔɽơɽɽǫ˖
ɽơˊɭơƎơɭʽơơȥɽȶȥʠȥƎŔnjɃɭȟơŔȍŔȥǬȥƎŔȇŔˊǬɢʽơ
ȇɃɭȍʧȇnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơɭơljɭŔȇɽǫˊȶȥȇʠɽʠɭʠƎʧ˖ơȍʋǫȍǫɭʽơ
ȶɭʋȶɢǫȇʋơƎŔʽǫǫȍơʂŔʂǬnjɃ˖ʧȥʋơȇɭŔɭƇŔȍǬʂʋǬɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ
ɽŔǐȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
ࡧȟŹȍǫˊȶɢǫȥǫȥơȥɽǬȇɽơŹơŹǫʂŔʂǬȍǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
GLOKOM
ࡧ¥ȶɭȟŔȍǫȥʋɭŔȶȇʠȍơɭŹŔɽǬȥƃǬȥŔɭʋȟŔɽǬˊȍŔȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࡧqʠȟȶɭŔȇɃ˖ɽǫȍǫˊơɭɢɭȶɽơɽʋơȥɽŔȍnjǬȍŔȥǬɭʽơ
ǫȥʋɭŔȶȇʠȍơɭŹŔɽǬȥƃǬȥɭơnjʧȍŔɽˊȶȥʠȥƎŔɃȥơȟȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
Tedavisi
ࡧ%ơʋŔŹȍȶȇɃɭƎŔȟȍŔࢎʋǫȟŔȍȶȍ࡫ŹơʋŔȇɽȶȍȶȍ࡫ƃŔɭʋơȶȍȶȍ࡫
ȟơʋǫɢɭȶȥȶȍȶȍ࢏
ࡧ‘ŔɭŹȶȥǫȇŔȥǠǫƎɭŔ˖ǫȥǠǫŹǫʋɃɭȍơɭǫࢎƎȶɭɽȶȍŔȟǫƎ࡫
Źɭǫȥ˖ȶȍŔȟǫƎơ࢏
ࡧȍljŔ-ࠁnjȶȥǫɽʋࡪ%ɭǫȟȶȥǫƎȍǫȥơ࡫ŔɢɭƃŔȍȶȥǫƎǫȥơ
ࡧáebࢎ•ŔʋŔȥȶɢɭȶɽʋ࡫ŹǫȟŔʋȶɢɭȶɽʋ࡫ʋɭŔʽȶɢɭȶɽʋ࢏
ࡧ•Ŕ˖ơɭɢơɭǫljŔȍǫɭǫƎȶʋȶȟǫ࡫ƃơɭɭŔǠǫɢơɭǫljơɭŔȍ
ǫɭǫƎȶʋȶȟǫ
ࡧ•Ŕ˖ơɭʋɭŔŹơȇʠȍȶɢȍŔɽʋǫ࡫ʋɭŔŹơȇʠȍơȇʋȶȟǫ
‘ŔɢŔȍǬƇǬȍǬeȍȶȇȶȟ
- qʠȟȶɭŔȇȶ˖ʠȥƎǬʂŔŔȇǬȟǬȥǬȥŔȥǫȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ʋǬȇŔȥȟŔɽǬɽȶȥʠƃʠnjɃ˖ǫƇǫŹŔɽǬȥƃǬȥǬȥŔȥǫʋơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬ
ŔɭʋȟŔɽǬˊȍŔŔǐɭǬʽơnjɃɭȟơȇŔˊŹǬȥǬȥȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇȟŔɽǬ
ƎʠɭʠȟʠƎʠɭࡲ
- ȇʠʋȇɭǫ˖ǫȥƎơ njɃ˖Ǝơ˖ȶȥȇȍŔˊǬƃǬʋŔɭ˖ƎŔŔǐɭǬʽơŔȥǫ
njɃɭȟơȇŔˊŹǬ ȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
- ĔɽʋnjɃ˖ȇŔɢŔǐǬȥƎŔɃƎơȟ࡫njɃ˖ˊŔʂŔɭȟŔɽǬ࡫ȇȶɭȥơŔ
62
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
Sekonder Glokom
čʽơǫʋ࡫njɃ˖ʋɭŔʽȟŔɽǬʽơɽʋơɭȶǫƎȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇnjơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
e•č‘¶¡č¥‘è‘þFèƒòþƒ‘ÄŁF••ƒ‘•Fèƒ
áɭǫȟơɭƇǬȇ
ƇǬȍǬeȍȶȇȶȟ
7ŔɭƇǬȍǬ
Glokom
eȍȶȇȶȟȍŔɭǬȥ
हࠀࠄࢫǫࡲȇɃ˖
Humour
ƎɭơȥŔǿǬȥǬ
ơȥnjơȍơˊơȥŔƇǬ
ȇŔɢŔȥȟŔɽǬ
Etyoloji
eȍȶȇȶȟȍŔɭǬȥ
हࠇࠄࢫǫŹơȍȍǫ
Ǝơǐǫȍ
ĵŔʂ
7ơǐǫʂȇơȥ
ࠄ߿– ࠇࠄ
Ön kamara
Genellikle
normal
òǬǐȍŔȥȟǬʂ
Kamara
ƇǬɽǬ
Semptomlar
¥ȶɭȟŔȍ
eơȥơȍƎơˊȶȇ࡫
eơƇƎɃȥơȟƎơ
njɃɭȟơŔ˖ŔȍǬɭࡲ
Dar
%ŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬ࡫ǬʂǬȇ
ơʋɭŔljǬȥƎŔɭơȥȇȍǫ
ǠŔȍȶ࡫Ŕȥǫ
ŹŔʂŔȍˊŔȥ
ʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫnjɃ˖
ŔǐɭǬɽǬ࡫ŔʋŔȇȍŔɭ
ɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔ
kusma
Disk Çukuru
Tedavi
edilmezse
ŔɭʋŔɭ
Tedavi
ơƎǫȍȟơȟǫʂ
ŔʋŔȇࢎȍŔɭ࢏
Görme ŔȍŔȥǬ
áơɭǫljơɭǫȇ
görme erken
bozulur
Görmelerin
ɽŔȥʋɭŔȍ
Źȶ˖ʠȍȟŔɽǬnjơƇ
görmenin
bir bulgu
Źȶ˖ʠȍȟŔɽǬnjơƇ
ŹǫɭŹʠȍnjʠƎʠɭࡲ
¡ơƎǫȇŔȍ
ȇȶȥʋɭȶȍ
olmazsa
yüksek ve
ǫȍơɭȍơˊǫƃǫ
Erken dönemde
ˊŔȍȥǬ˖
ɢɭȶʽŔȇŔʋǫlj
ʋơɽʋȍơɭȍơ
ljŔɭȇơƎǫȍơŹǫȍǫɭ
7ǫǐơɭ
%ơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭ
-
eơƇƎɃȥơȟƎơ
ˊʧȇɽơȇɽŔŹǫʋ
ȇǬɽȟŔȥƎǫȍŔʋơ
ɢʠɢǫȍࢨŹʠǐʠȍʠࢩ
komea
Tedavi
¡ơƎǫȇŔȍ•Ŕ˖ơɭ
Cerrahi
Cerrahi
Prognoz
Erken
dönemde
ljŔɭȇơƎǫȍǫɭɽơǫˊǫ
ƒˊǫ
ɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ǠŔɽʋŔ
uyumuna
ŹŔǐȍǬ
eɃ˖ŹŔɽǬȥƃǬ
Konjenital Glokom
ࡧáɭǫȟơɭǫȥljŔȥʋǫȍnjȍȶȇȶȟȇȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍglokomun en
ɽǬȇʋǫɢǫƎǫɭࡲþɭŔŹơȇʠȍŔɭƎǫɽnjơȥơ˖ǫɽǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ•ŔȇɭǫȟŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ŹȍơljŔɭȶɽɢŔ˖ȟ࡫ȇȶɭȥơŔɃƎơȟǫ࡫ȶɢʋǫȇ
ƎǫɽȇƇʠȇʠɭȍŔʂȟŔɽǬʽơŔʋɭȶljǫnjɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ
7ƒ%Fþƒ‘èFþƒ¥¶áþƒ
Non-Proliferatif Retinopati (%90 - हࠈࠄ࢏
ࡧ¡ǫȇɭȶŔȥơʽɭǫ˖ȟŔ࡫ʽơȥɃ˖ƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧ‘ŔȥŔȟŔ࡫ơȇɽʠƎŔ
Proliferatif Retrinopati (%5 - हࠀ߿࢏
ࡧ¥ơȶʽŔɽȇʠȍŔɭǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥ࡫ʽǫʋɭơʠɽǫƇǫȥơȇŔȥŔȟŔ
ɽȶȥʠƃʠɭơʋǫȥŔŔˊɭǬȍȟŔɽǬʽơȇɃɭȍʧȇnjơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơʽǫʋɭơʠɽǫƇǫȥơĪFebǫȥǠǫŹǫʋɃɭʧ
ࢎ%ơʽŔƃǫ˖ʠȟŔŹ࢏ˊŔɭŔɭɽŔǐȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧáɭȶȍǫljơɭŔʋǫljɭơʋǫȥȶɢŔʋǫƎơnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơȍŔ˖ơɭ
ljȶʋȶȇȶŔnjʠȍŔɽˊȶȥˊŔɭŔɭɽŔǐȍŔɭࡲ
63
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
qƒáFèþ¥òƒbèFþƒ¥¶áþƒ
- qǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥʠȥnjɃ˖ƎơȇǫơȥŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥŹʠȍnjʠɽʠ
ŔɭʋơɭǫȶȍȍơɭƎơƎŔɭŔȍȟŔƎǬɭࡲ¥ȶɭȟŔȍƎơŔɭʋơɭࡸʽơȥƇŔɢ
ȶɭŔȥǬࠁࡸࠂǫȇơȥࡕ࡫ࡘࢫơǫȥơɭࡲ
- èơʋǫȥŔƎǫŔɽʋȶȍǫȇ ŹŔɽǬȥƇˊʧȇɽơȇȍǫǐǫȥƎơȥƎŔǠŔƇȶȇ
ơʋȇǫȍơȥǫɭࡲ
- qǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥŔɭʋơɭǫȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖ȍŔŹơɭŔŹơɭɽơnjʠȥȥ
ŔɭŔ˖ǬࢎȇǬʽɭǬȟȍŔȥȟŔ࢏ʽơǠʠȟɢǫȥnjࢎȇɃɢɭʧȍơʂȟơ࢏
ŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭǫnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
Hipertansiyonda Schele evrelenmesi
Evre 1: ɭʋơɭȍơɭǫȥƃơʽơȥȍơɭƎȶȍnjʠȥ
Evre 2: ƒȍŔʽơʋơȥɽơɭʋơȇɽʠƎŔȍŔɭ࡫ȟǫȇɭȶǠơȟȶɭŔǿǫȍơɭ࡫
ɽŔȍʠɽŔɭŔ˖ǬŹʠơʽɭơƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
Evre 3: ƒȍŔʽơʋơȥˊʠȟʠʂŔȇơȇɽʠƎŔȍŔɭʽơȟŔȇʠȍŔ
ˊǬȍƎǬ˖ǬnjɃɭʧȥʧȟʧ
Evre 4: ƒȍŔʽơʋơȥȶɢʋǫȇƎǫɽȇɃƎơȟǫ
64
Küçük Stajlar | 5. Radyoloji
Radyoloji
65
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
5. è7ĵ¶•¶ƒ
þȶɭŔȇɽ¡èeFȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
- Kontrast madde kontra-ơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠʽŔɭɽŔ
ʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭȍơ˖ˊȶȥƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭǫȍȟơɽǫ
- ȶɭʋȍơ˖ˊȶȥʠ
- òʠɢơɭǫȶɭɽʠȍƃʠɽʋȟࢫǫ
- eɃǐʧɽƎʠʽŔɭǬŹɭŔƃǠǫŔȍɢȍơˉʠɽƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭǫȍȟơɽǫ
- ‘ŔȥɽơɭǫȥʽŔ˖ˊȶȥƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭǫȍȟơɽǫ
- ɭȇŔȟȟơƎǫŔɽʋơȥʋȟࢫǫ
Reading chest X-Ray
Kavitasyon: Squamoz h’li karsinomda görülür,
küçük h’li de görülmez.
- Malign kavitasyon: ƎʠʽŔɭǬȇŔȍǬȥ࡫Ǝʧ˖ơȥɽǫ˖࡫
nodüler ࢎƎʠʽŔɭȇŔȍǬȥȍǬǐǬࢦࠀࠄȟȟǫɽơहࠇࠄȟŔȍǫnjȥ࢏
- þ%-ࢫƎơʋơȇƎŔǠŔƇȶȇʋơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬ•ánjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- áʠȍȟȶȥơɭơȟŹȶȍǫʋŔȥǬɽǬȥƎŔŔȍʋǬȥɽʋŔȥƎŔɭʋ%þ
anjiografi.
‘ŔɭƎǫˊŔȇ¡èFȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ‘ȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍȇŔȍɢǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ࡧƒɽȇơȟǫȇȇŔȍɢǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ¡ǫˊȶȇŔɭƎʽơɢơɭǫȇŔɭƎǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ‘ŔɭƎǫˊŔȇȇǫʋȍơȍơɭ
ࡧɭǫʋȟȶǿơȥɽŔǐʽơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍƎǫɽɢȍŔ˖ǫɽǫ
ࡧ‘ŔɢŔȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
PA grafi >125 ml ɽǬʽǬnjɃɽʋơɭơŹǫȍǫɭȇơȥ
lateral grafi >75 ml ɽǬʽǬˊǬnjɃɽʋơɭơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
‘ȶȟɢȍơˉȇơȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍȇŔȍɢǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥƎŔ࡫ɢȶɽʋȶɢ
ȇȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍȇŔȍɢǠŔɽʋࡲ‘ŔɭƎǫˊŔȇȇǫʋȍơȍơɭƎơǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠ
Hiluslar: ɭŔƎˊȶȍȶǿǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇɢʠȍȟȶȥơɭŔɭʋơɭȍơɭʽơ
ɽʧɢơɭǫȶɭɢʠȍȟȶȥơɭʽơȥȍơɭȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭࡲ
- òȶȍǠǫȍʠɽࠁࡲࠄƃȟƎŔǠŔˊʠȇŔɭǬƎŔȶȍȟŔȍǬ
- qǫȍʠɽƎŔȥɽǫʋơȍơɭǫŔˊȥǬȶȍȟŔȍǬ
- 7ǬʂȇȶȥʋʧɭȍơɭǫȇȶȥȇŔʽʽơˊŔƎʧ˖ŔȍȟŔȍǬ
‘ȶȥʋɭŔơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
• ‘Ŕȍɢɢǫȍǫ࡫ȇŔȍǬƃǬƎơljǫŹɭǫȍŔʋɃɭ࡫ơȍơȇʋɭȶȥǫȇǫƇȇʠȍŔȇ
ǫȟɢȍŔȥʋǬ࡫ࢎȇơɽǫȥ࢏
• ƒȟɢȍŔȥʋ࡫ʽʧƃʠƎʠȥƎŔˊŔŹŔȥƃǬƃǫsim olan hasta
ࢎȇʠɭʂʠȥnjǫŹǫ࢏
ĪơȥʋǫȇʧȍljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥʠǫƇǫȥŔȍʋǬȥɽʋŔȥƎŔɭʋȇŔɭƎǫˊŔȇ
¡èŔȟŔǫȍȇˊŔɢǬȍŔȥF‘¶ࡲ
Renal kitlede: us, BT, MR
Mesane kitle: US, BT, MR
Prostat kitlesi: Trus, MR
Ovaryan kitle: Tvus, MR
Uterin kitle: Tvus, MR
Servikal kitle: Tvus, MR
Testiküler kitle: USG
Transplantasyon: 7ȶɢɢȍơɭčòe
qơɢŔʋȶŹǫȍǫˊơɭɽǫɽʋơȟƎơŹǫɭǫȥƃǫŹŔɽŔȟŔȇ
görüntüleme USG.
66
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
BI-RADS
0: ek tetkik gerekli
1: negatif
2: ŹơȥǫnjȥŹʠȍnjʠȍȍŔɭ
3: ŹʧˊʧȇȶȍŔɽǬȍǬȇȍŔŹơȥǫnjȥȇǬɽŔŔɭŔȍǬȇȍǬǫ˖ȍơȟ
4: ʂʧɢǠơȍǫŔȥȶɭȟŔȍȍǫȇŹǫˊȶɢɽǫ
5: ŹʧˊʧȇȶȍŔɽǬȍǬkla malign
6: ȇơɽǫȥȍơʂơȥƃŔࡲ
Hypervascular Lesions
Benign
Melignant
FNH
HCC
Adenoma
Breast
Hemangioma
Sarcomas
Hypervascular
Metastases:
Neuroendocrine
Renal cell
Melanoma
NÜKLEER TIP SPOTLARI
ࠀࡲòȶȟŔʋȶɽʋŔʋǫȥèơɽơɢʋɃɭnjɃɭʧȥʋʧȍơȟơ
ȥɃɭȶơȥƎȶȇɭǫȥʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࠁࡲèŔƎˊŔɽˊȶȥljơʋʧɽơơȥƇȶȇǫȍȇࠂŔˊƎŔ˖ŔɭŔɭȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࠂࡲòơȥʋǫȥơȍȍơȥljȥȶƎʠʋʧȟɃɭʧȥƎɭơȥơȶȍƎʠǐʠȍơȥlj
nodu demektir.
ࠃࡲFɭǫʋɭȶɽǫʋˊŔʂŔȟɽʧɭơɽǫȥǫȥǠơɽŔɢȍŔȥȟŔɽǬȥƎŔ-èࠄࠀȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࠄࡲ¡ơƎʠȍȍŔɭʋǫɭȶǫƎƃŔʋŔȇǫŹǫȥƎơˊŔɭŔɭȍǬʋʧȟɃr
ŹơȍǫɭȍơˊǫƃǫȍơɭȇŔȍɽǫʋȶȥǫȥʽơ-FࢫƎǬɭࡲ
Hastada Pnömi Var Ama Grafi Normal
ࠀࡲáȥɃȟȶȥǫȥǫȥǫȍȇࠁࠃɽŔŔʋǫ
ࠁࡲ7ơǠǫƎɭŔʋŔɽˊȶȥƎʠɭʠȟʠȥƎŔ
ࠂࡲááȶȍnjʠȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ
ࠃࡲ-ǫƎƎǫȥɃʋɭȶɢơȥǫʽŔɭȍǬǐǬȥƎŔ
67
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
¡ŔȥƎǫŹʠȍŔ‘ǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬ%ʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬ
ࡧɽǫȟơʋɭǫ
ࡧ¡Ŕȍȶȇȍʧ˖ˊȶȥࢎŔȍʋƇơȥơnjơɭǫƎơʧɽʋƇơȥơŹǫɭŔ˖ɃȥƎơ
ȶȍŔƃŔȇʂơȇǫȍƎơƎǫʂȍơɭǫȥŹǫɭŹǫɭǫȥǫȟŔȇŔɽȍŔȟŔɽǬ
njơɭơȇǫɭȇơȥŹʠƎʧ˖ơȥǫȥŹȶ˖ʠȍȟŔɽǬ࢏
ࡧ‘ɭơŔɢǫʋŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧ1ơȥơǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫȥƎơȇǬɽǬʋȍǬȍǬȇ
ࡧ7ʠˊʠȇŔˊŹǬࢎǫȥljơɭǫȶɭŔȍʽơȶȍŔɭɽǫȥǫɭǫȥljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥ
ȇŔˊŹǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬŔȍʋƎʠƎŔȇʋŔƎʠˊʠȇŔˊŹǬ࢏
á•òþƒ‘-Fèèqƒ
ĵʧ˖‘ơȟǫǐǫ‘ǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ¡ŔˉǫȍȍŔ
ࡧ¡ŔȥƎǫŹʠȍŔ
ࡧŁˊnjȶȟŔ
• Nasal kemik
ࡧáơɭǫȶɭŹǫʋŔȍȇơȟǫȇ
èŔƎˊȶȍȶǿǫȇ7ơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭȟơ
ࡧÄȥŔɭȇŔʽơˊŔȥȇŔljŔnjɭŔljǫ-rutin istenir.
• Water’s-sinüsler için
• Town-ȇȶȥƎǫȍȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬȥǬnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ
• Kafa kaidesi
ࡧáŔȥȶɭȶȟǫȇȟŔȥƎǫŹʠȍŔnjɭŔljǫɽǫ
• CT-ŹŔʂŹȶˊʠȥʋɭŔʽȍŔɭǬȥƎŔǫȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍȶȍŔˊȍŔɭʽơ
ˊʧ˖ȇơȟǫȇȍơɭǫȥǫnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ
¡ŔȥƎǫŹʠȍŔ‘ǬɭǬǐǬ
- ‘ȶȥƎǫȍ࡫Ŕȥnjʠȍʠɽ࡫ȇȶɭɢʠɽơȥƇȶȇȇǬɭǬȍŔȥȟŔȥƎǫŹʠȍŔ
ŹɃȍnjơȍơɭǫƎǫɭࡲ
- 1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔƎʧʂȟơˊơŹŔǐȍǬȇȶȥƎǫȍȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬƎŔǠŔ
ɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- čȥǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍˊŔƎŔŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍȇǬɭǬȇȟŔȥƎǫŹʠȍŔƎŔ
njơȍǫʂȟơnjơɭǫȍǫǐǫʽơŔɽǫȟơʋɭǫˊơȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲ
Sistem Tedavi
ࡧqŔʽŔˊȶȍʠȥʠȥŔƇǬȇʋʠʋʠȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧFȥʋʧŹŔɽˊȶȥ
• Trakeotomi
• Kanama kontrolü
ࡧòǬʽǬɭơɢȍŔɽȟŔȥǬ
• Sistemik tedavi
ࡧƇǬȇˊɃȥʋơȟȍơɭ
ࡧFȇɽʋơɭȥŔȍʽơˊŔȇŔɢŔȍǬˊɃȥʋơȟȍơɭ
Eksternal vơˊŔ‘ŔɢŔȍǬˊɃȥʋơȟȍơɭ
ࡧƒȥʋơɭȟŔȇɽǫȍȍơɭljǫȇɽŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧòɢȍǫȥʋȍơɭ
ࡧƒȥʋơɭƎơȥʋŔȍʋơȍʽơŔɭƃǠ-ŹŔɭ
68
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
Łƒe¶¡‘zèz‘•èz
ࡧǐ˖ǬȥŔƇǬȍȟŔȟŔɽǬ
ࡧǐ˖ǬȥȇŔɢŔȥȟŔȟŔɽǬ
ࡧ¡ŔȍŔɭŹɃȍnjơƎơƎʧ˖ȍơʂȟơ
ࡧ¶ɭŹǫʋŔȍƎǫɽʋȶɢǫ
ࡧqǫɢȶơɽʋơ˖ǫࢎƒȥljơɭǫȶɭȶɭŹǫʋŔȍɽǫȥǫɭǠŔɽŔɭǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬ࢏
ƇǬȇĵɃȥʋơȟȍơɭ
ࡧƇǬȇɭơƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥ
ࡧFȇɽʋơɭȥŔȍljǫȇɽŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧƒȥʋơɭȥŔȍljǫȇɽŔɽˊȶȥ
• Tel asteosentezi
ࡧáȍŔȇ-ʽǫƎŔljǫȇɽŔɽˊȶȥʠ
¡ŔȇɽǫȍȍŔ‘ǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ࡧࠁࡲòǬȇȍǬȇʋŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
• •ơbȶɭʋࠀ
ࡧ•ơbȶɭʋࠁ
ࡧ•ơbȶɭʋࠂ
BLOW-OUT KIRIKLARI
- ¶ɭŹǫʋŔʋŔŹŔȥǬơȥ˖ŔˊǬljˊơɭǫȶȍŔȥɢȶɽʋơɭȶȟơƎǫŔȍ
ŹɃȍnjơƎơȥȶȍʠʂŔȥȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- þơȥǫɽʋȶɢʠ࡫ˊʠȟɭʠȇnjǫŹǫnjɃ˖ʧȥʧ˖ɭǫȥơnjơȍơȥ
ȶɭŹǫʋŔǫƇǫŹŔɽǬȥƃǬŔɭʋǬɭŔȥʋɭŔʽȟŔȍŔɭƎŔȟơˊƎŔȥŔ
gelmektedir.
BLOW-¶čþ‘zèzhz%č•eč•èz
ࡧFȥȶljʋŔȍȟǫࢎɢơɭǫȶɭŹǫʋŔȍˊŔǐƎȶȇʠȟŔˉǫȍȍŔɭɽǫȥʧɽơ
Ǝȶǐɭʠ ˊơɭƎơǐǫʂʋǫɭǫɭࡲ࢏
ࡧ7ǫɢȍȶɢǫࢎǫȥljơɭǫȶɭɭơȇʋʠɽȇŔɽǬȥǬȥȇǬɭǬȇǠŔʋʋǬȥƎŔ
ɽǬȇǬʂȟŔɽǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ࢏
ࡧeɃ˖ǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫȥƎơȇǬɽǬʋȍŔȥȟŔ
ࡧqǫɢȶơɽʋơ˖ǫ
ࡧèŔƃȶȶȥơˊơ
• Rinore
Tedavi: ‘ơȟǫȇȍơɭƇȶȇǫȥƃơȶȍƎʠǐʠȥƎŔȥǫȍǫŔƃ
ȇơȟǫȇʋơȥnjɭơljʋŔȍǬȥǬɢȶȥŔɭǬȟˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
LeFort 1: ɢơɭʋʠɭŔɢǫɭǫljȶɭȟǫɽǫȥȇơȥŔɭǬȥƎŔȥ
ŹŔʂȍŔˊǬɢ࡫ɢʋơɭˊnjȶȟŔˉǫȍȍŔɭŹȶʂȍʠǐŔȇŔƎŔɭʠȍŔʂǬɭࡲ
LeFort 2: bɭȶȥʋȶȥŔɽŔȍŹɃȍnjơƎơȥȶɭŹǫʋŔȟơƎǫŔȍ
ƎʠʽŔɭǬȥŔ࡫ȍŔƃɭǫȟŔȍŹơ˖ǫȥŔɭȇŔɽǬȥƎŔȥ
ɢʋơɭˊnjȶȟŔˉǫȍȍŔɭŹȶʂȍʠǐŔnjơƇơɭࡲࡲ
LeFort 3: bɭȶȥʋŔȍ ŹɃȍnjơƎơȥȶɭŹǫʋŔȍŔʋơɭŔȍǫȥƎơȥ
ŹŔʂȍŔɭŔȟŔɢʋơɭˊnjȶljɭȶȥʋŔȍŹǫȍơʂȇơˊơʠ˖ŔȥǬɭࡲ
FLEPLER
DokʠȇŔˊǬɢȍŔɭǬȥǬȥȶȥŔɭǬȟǬ
ࡧòơȇȶȥƎơɭǫˊǫȍơʂȟơ
ࡧbȍơɢ
ࡧ•ȶȇŔȍljȍơɢȍơɭ
ࡧč˖Ŕȇljȍơɢȍơɭ
69
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
Random Flepler
ࡧòŔƎơƃơƎơɭȟŔȍʽơɽʠŹƎơɭȟŔȍƎŔȟŔɭȍŔɭƎŔȥ
ŹơɽȍơȥơȥljȍơɢȍơɭƎǫɭ
ࡧč˖ʠȥljȍơɢȇŔȍƎǬɭȟŔȇ˖ȶɭƎʠɭࡲ
GREFTLER
ĪʧƃʠƎʠȥŹǫɭŹɃȍnjơɽǫȥƎơȥʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭ ŹɃȍnjơɽǫ
ȇȶɭʠȥȟŔƎŔȥŔȍǬȥŔɭŔȇŹŔʂȇŔŹǫɭŹɃȍnjơɽǫȥơ
ʋɭŔȥɽɢȍŔȥʋơơƎǫȍơȥƎȶȇʠƎʠɭࡲ
Aksiyel flepler
ࡧȇɽǫˊơȍŹǫɭŔɭʋơɭʽơʽơȥǫƇơɭơȥnjʧʽơȥǫȍǫɭ
ljȍơɢȍơɭƎir.
ࡧ7ŔǠŔʠ˖ʠȥŹǫɭljȍơɢơȍƎơơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
Örnek:
Nazolabial flep: ljŔɽǫŔȍơɭʋơɭǫȥƎŔȍȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȥŹơɽȍơȥǫɭࡲ
‘ŔɽǬȇljȍơŹǫࡪƃǫɭɭʠȟljȍơˉǫȍǫŔƃŔɭʋơɭƎơȥŹơɽȍơȥǫɭࡲ
‘ȶȟɢȶ˖ǫɽˊȶȥʠȥŔnjɃɭơljȍơɢȍơɭǫȥɽǬȥǬljȍŔȥƎǬɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧ7ơɭǫljȍơɢȍơɭǫࢎƎơɭǫऋƎơɭǫŔȍʋǬˊŔǐƎȶȇʠɽʠ࢏
ࡧbŔɽˊȶȇʠʋŔȥljȍơɢȍơɭ
ࡧ¡ʠɽȇʠȍȶȇʠʋŔȥljȍơɢȍơɭ
ࡧ¶ɽʋơȶȇʠʋŔȥljȍơɢȍơɭ
ࡧáơɭljȶɭŔʋɃɭljȍơɢȍơɭࢎȇŔɽʋŔȥƇǬȇŔȥǫȥƃơɢơɭljȶɭŔȥȍŔɭǬ
ʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơȥʋŔʂǬȥŔȥljȍơɢȍơɭ࢏
ࡧ‘ȶȥƎɭȶȇʠʋŔȥljȍơɢȍơɭ
ࡧ7ơɭǫljȍơɢȍơɭǫȍȶȇŔȍȶȍŔɭŔȇƇȶȇɽǬȇ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
‘ŔˊȥŔǐǬȥŔnjɃɭơnjɭơljʋȍơɭ
• Otogreft
ࡧȍȍȶnjɭơljʋࢎǠȶȟȶnjɭơljʋ࢏
ࡧ‘ɽơȥȶnjɭơljʋࢎqơʋơɭȶnjɭơljʋ࢏
Deri greftleri: ơȥƇȶȇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥnjɭơljʋȍơɭƎơȥƎǫɭࡲ
‘ǬɽȟǫȇŔȍǬȥȍǬȇʋŔȇǫƎơɭǫnjɭơljʋȍơɭǫࡪFɢǫƎơɭȟǫɽऋ
7ơɭȟȟǫɽǫȥŹǫɭȇǬɽȟǬȥǬǫƇơɭǫɭࡲ
þŔȟȇŔȍǬȥȍǬȇʋŔȇǫƎơɭǫnjɭơljʋȍơɭǫࡪFɢǫƎơɭȟǫɽऋ
7ơɭȟǫɽǫȥʋŔȟŔȟǬȥǬǫƇơɭǫɭࡲ
Tendon Greftleri
ࡧáŔȍȟŔɭǫɽȍȶȥnjʠɽ
• 2 – ࠂ– ࠃɢȍŔȥʋŔɭơˉʋࡲ7ǫnjࡲ•ȶȥnjʠɽ
ࡧáȍŔȥʋŔɭljȍơˉࡲ7ǫnjࡲòʠɢơɭljǫƃࡲ•ȶȥnjࡲ
ࡧȟɢʠʋơɢŔɭȟŔȇɽŔǐȍŔȟʋơȥƎȶȥȍŔɭǬ
Kas deri fleplerinin kanlanma paternine göre
ɽǬȥǬljȍŔȥƎǬɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ
qơɢɽǫŔȇɽǫˊơȍljȍơɢȶȍʠɢƎŔȟŔɭɢơƎǫȇʧȍʧʽŔɭƎǬɭ࡫
ljŔȇŔʋŹơɽȍơȥȟơɢŔʋơɭȥǫljŔɭȇȍǬƎǬɭࡷ
‘ǬȇǬɭƎak Greftleri
ࡧ‘ǬȇǬɭƎŔȇʽơŹʠɭʠȥɭơȇȶȥɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ
• Kontür defekt ve öküklerinde
• EkȍơȟɭơȇȶȥɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ
þƒáࠀࡪ‘ŔɽǬŹơɽȍơˊơȥʋơȟƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋɢơƎǫȇʧȍ
þƒáࠁࡪ%ǫɭƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋ࡫ŹǫɭƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔȟǫȥɃɭɢơƎǫȇʧȍ
þƒáࠂࡪƒȇǫƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋɢơƎǫȇʧȍ
þƒáࠃࡪ1ȶȇɽŔˊǬƎŔȟǫȥɃɭɢơƎǫȇʧȍ࡫ƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋɢơƎǫȇʧȍ
ˊȶȇ
þƒáࠄࡪ%ǫɭƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋŹǫɭƎơɽơnjȟơȥʋŔȍɢơƎǫȇʧȍʧȥ
ȶȍʠʂʋʠɭƎʠǐʠɢơɭljȶɭŔȥƎŔȍȍŔɭʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
Kemik Greftler
• Kranium
ࡧƒȍǫŔƃȇơȟǫȇ
• Kosta
¡ơȟơɭơȇȶȥɽʋʧȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥƎŔŔȍʋǬȥɽʋŔȥƎŔɭʋþè¡
fleptir.
Sinir Greftler
• Sural sinir
ࡧeơȥǫʂɽǫȥǫɭƎơljơȇʋȍơɭǫȥƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
Transverse rectus abdominus myocutoneous flep
Damar Greftleri
• Ven greftleri
ࡧɭʋơɭnjɭơljʋȍơɭǫ
- FȥɽǬȇnjɭơljʋŔȍǬȥŔȥƎŔȟŔɭʽơȥŔɽŔɢǠơȥŔ
ȟŔȥnjŔƎǬɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇnjɭơljʋŔȍǬȥŔȥŔɭʋơɭǫˊơȍƎŔȟŔɭǫȥʋơɭȥŔȍ
torasik arterdir.
- FȥɽǬȇnjɭơljʋŔȍǬȥŔȥɽǫȥǫɭɽʠɭŔȍɽǫȥǫɭࡲ
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Küçük Stajlar | 6. Halk Sağlığı
Halk Sağlığı
71
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
6. q•‘òh•zhz
- %ǫɭɭǫɽȇljŔȇʋɃɭʧȥơȟŔ˖ʠɭǫˊơʋǫȍơǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȶȍʠʂʠȟʠ
ŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫȥơƎơȥɽơȍȍǫȇǫȍǫʂȇǫɽǫȥǫȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭʋȟŔˊǬ
ɢȍŔȥȍŔɭࡲ
- ĪŔȇŔȇȶȥʋɭȶȍ࡫ȇȶǠȶɭʋʽơȇơɽǫʋɽơȍŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭ
ǫƇơɭǫɭࡲ
Epidemiyoloji: qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬȥˊŔˊǬȍǬʂǬȥǬʽơɽŔȍnjǬȥ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬǫȥƃơȍơˊơȥ࡫ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬȥˊŔˊǬȍȟŔɽǬȥǬ
ơʋȇǫȍơˊơȥƇơʂǫʋȍǫljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫǫȥƃơȍơˊơȥʋǬɢƎŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
Endemik: %ǫɭơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥ ơʋȇơȥǫȥǫȥˊŔƎŔŹǫɭ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥŹơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭƃȶǐɭŔljˊŔƎŔɽʧɭơȇȍǫ
njɃɭʧȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥȶŹɃȍnjơƎơŔȍǬʂǬȍȟǬʂ
ɢɭơʽŔȍŔȥɽǫȍơnjɃɭʧȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
Vaka – ‘ȶȥʋɭȶȍŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔɽǬ
- %ơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȶȍŔȥȇǫʂǫȍơɭȍơࢎʽŔȇŔnjɭʠŹʠ࢏࡫Źʠ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȶȍȟŔˊŔȥȇǫʂǫȍơɭ(kontrol grubu) ŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔ
njơƇȟǫʂˊŔʂŔȟȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȇǫ(retrospektif) ŹǫɭʋŔȇǬȟ
Ƀ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭˊɃȥʧȥƎơȥŔɭŔʂʋǬɭǬȍǬɭࡲ
- %ʠʋʧɭŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭƎŔȇȶȥʋɭȶȍnjɭʠŹʠȶȍʠʂʋʠɭŔȥ
ȇǫʂǫȍơɭǫȥ࡫ŔɭŔʂʋǬɭǬȍŔȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇƎǬʂǬȥƎŔɢơȇƇȶȇ
Ƀ˖ơơȍȍǫȇŹŔȇǬȟǬȥƎŔȥʽŔȇŔnjɭʠŹʠȥƎŔȇǫȍơɭơŹơȥ˖ơɭ
ȶȍȟŔɽǬnjơɭơȇǫɭࡲ%ʠŹơȥ˖ơɭȍǫȇɽŔǐȍŔȥŔŹǫȍƎǫǐǫɃȍƇʧƎơ
ƇǬȇŔȥɽȶȥʠƃʠȥnjʧʽơȥǫɭȍǫǐǫŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
- ĪŔȇŔȇȶȥʋɭȶȍŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭǬ ʠƃʠ˖࡫ƇŔŹʠȇɽȶȥʠƇ
ʽơɭơȥ࡫ȇȶȍŔˊȍǬȇȍŔˊŔɢǬȍŔŹǫȍơȥʽơɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɽơˊɭơȇ
njɃɭʧȍơȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǫƇǫȥʠˊnjʠȥƎʠɭࡲ%ʠȥŔȇŔɭʂǬȍǬȇ
njơƇȟǫʂˊǬȍȍŔɭƎŔȶȍŔˊȍŔɭǬȥŔȥǬȟɽŔȥȟŔɽǬࢎǠŔljǬ˖Ŕ
ljŔȇʋɃɭʧ࢏ǫȍơǫȍnjǫȍǫɽȶɭʠȥȍŔɭʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲĪŔȇŔȇȶȥʋɭȶȍ
ŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭǬʋȶɢȍʠȟŔnjơȥơȍȍơȥơȟơ˖ࡲ%ʠˊʧ˖Ǝơȥ
ɽŔƎơƃơʋŔǠȟǫȥǫɭɃȍŔʋǫljɭǫɽȇǫʽơɭǫɭࡲ
ࡧĪŔȇŔȇȶȥʋɭȶȍʋǫɢǫŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔʋǫɢǫȇŹǫɭɃɭȥơȇࠀࠈࠄࠈࠀࠈࠅ߿ˊǬȍȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȍȟŔȥˊŔࢫƎŔʋǫɢǫȇʠ˖ʠʽƎơljơȇʋȍơɭǫǫȍơ
ƎȶǐŔȥŹơŹơȇȍơɭƎơŹʠŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭǫȥʋŔȍǫƎȶȟǫƎǫȍơ
ǫȍǫʂȇǫɽǫȥǫȥŹơȍǫɭȍơȥȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ%ʠŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔƎŔࠃࠅ
ŔȥȶȟŔȍǫɽǫȶȍŔȥƇȶƃʠǐʠȥࠃࠀࢫǫȥǫȥŔȥȥơɽǫ
njơŹơȍǫȇȍơɭǫȥǫȥࠃࡲ– ࠈࡲǠŔljʋŔȍŔɭǬŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫƎɃȥơȟ
ŹʠȍŔȥʋǬˊǬɃȥȍơȟơɽǫǫƇǫȥʋŔȍǫƎȶȟǫƎȇʠȍȍŔȥȟǬʂȍŔɭƎǬࡲ
ࠂ߿߿ȇǫʂǫȍǫȇȥȶɭȟŔȍŹơŹơǐǫȶȍŔȥŔȥȥơȍơɭnjɭʠŹʠȥƎŔ
ǫɽơʋŔȍǫƎȶȟǫƎȇʠȍȍŔȥȟŔȶɭŔȥǬɽǬljǬɭƎǬࡲ
Hiperendemi: qŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥɽʧɭơȇȍǫƇȶȇljŔ˖ȍŔ
ŹʠȍŔʂŔŹǫȍƎǫǐǫȥǫŔȥȍŔʋȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
Epidemi: %ơȇȍơȥơȥƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔɽŔˊǬƎŔʽŔȇŔ
ȶȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲòŔȍnjǬȥȍŔơʂŔȥȍŔȟȍǬȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
Pandemi: qŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥƇȶȇŹʧˊʧȇŔȍŔȥȍŔɭƎŔƇȶȇ
ɽŔˊǬƎŔǫȥɽŔȥơʋȇǫȍơȟơɽǫƎʠɭʠȟʠƎʠɭࡲ
ƒ˖ȶȍŔɽˊȶȥࡪ%ʠȍŔʂŔƃǬơʋȇơȥǫŹʠȍŔʂʋǬɭŔȥǠŔˊʽŔȥʽơ
ǫȥɽŔȥȍŔɭǬȥŹʠȍŔʂǬƃǬȍǬȇɽʧɭơɽǫȥƃơŹǫɭŹǫɭǫȥƎơȥŔˊɭǬ
ʋʠʋʠȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
FɢǫƎơȟǫˊȶȍȶǿǫȇɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭǬȥ òǬȥǬljȍŔȥƎǬɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ
eɃ˖ȍơȟɽơȍɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭࡪ eɃ˖ȍơȟˊɃȥʋơȟǫˊȍơ
ŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔʽơɭǫȍơɭǫȥǫȥʋȶɢȍŔȥƎǬǐǬŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
þŔȥǬȟȍŔˊǬƃǬʽơŔȥŔȍǫʋǫȇŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭȶȍŔɭŔȇǫȇǫˊơ
ŔˊɭǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࠀࡲþ¥z¡•ĵz-zè÷þz衕è
%ʠŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭŹǫɭɽŔǐȍǬȇɽȶɭʠȥʠȥʠȥˊŔƎŔŹǫɭ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥ ȇǫʂǫ࡫ˊơɭ࡫˖ŔȟŔȥɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫȥơnjɃɭơ
ƎŔǐǬȍǬȟɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫȥǫǫȥƃơȍơɭࡲ
• Kim?
• Nerede?
‘ơɽǫʋɽơȍɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭ
- %ʠŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔƎŔǠơɭǠŔȥnjǫŹǫɭ˖ŔȟŔȥƎŔǠơȟ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇǠơȟƎơȥơƎơȥȶȍƎʠǐʠƎʧʂʧȥʧȍơȥʽơ
ŔɭŔʂʋǬɭǬȍŔȥljŔȇʋɃɭƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
- ȥƃŔȇȇơɽǫʋɽơȍŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭƎŔǠơɭǫȇǫȶȍŔˊƎŔ
ŔˊȥǬŔȥƎŔƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭǫȍƎǫǐǫǫƇǫȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫȥǫȥɃȥƃơ࡫
ǠŔȥnjǫɽǫȥǫȥɽȶȥɭŔȶȍƎʠǐʠȥʠƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭȟơȇ
njʧƇʋʧɭࡲ%ʠˊʧ˖ƎơȥȥơƎơȥɽȶȥʠƇǫȍǫʂȇǫɽǫȇȶȥʠɽʠȥƎŔ
ƇȶǐʠȥȍʠȇȍŔȇơɽǫȥˊŔɭnjǬˊŔʽŔɭǬȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
- qŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔˊŔɢǬȍŔȥ˖ŔȟŔȥȇơɽǫʋǫȥƎơȇǫ
ɽǬȇȍǬǐǬȥǬˊŔȥǫ࡫ɢɭơʽŔȍŔȥɽǬʽơɭǫɭࡲĪŔȇŔȇȶȥʋɭȶȍ
ŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȥljŔɭȇȍǬȶȍŔɭŔȇɽȶȥʠƇȍŔɭʋȶɢȍʠȟŔ
njơȥơȍȍơȥơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
• Ne zaman?
òȶɭʠȍŔɭǬȥŔˊŔȥǬʋŔɭŔȥǬɭࡲ
þŔȥǬȟȍŔˊǬƃǬŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭƎŔǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥ
ơʋǫˊȶȍȶǿǫȍơɭǫȥơˊɃȥơȍǫȇŹǫɭǫȥƃơȍơȟơˊŔɢǬȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
7ȶȍŔˊǬɽǬˊȍŔȥǫƇǫȥɽȶɭʠɽʠȥʠȥˊŔȥǬʋǬƎŔʽơɭǫȍơȟơ˖ࡲ
þŔȥǬȟȍŔˊǬƃǬŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭƎŔǫȥƃơȍơȟơȇǫʂǫ࡫ˊơɭʽơ
˖ŔȟŔȥʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơȥˊʧɭʧʋʧȍʧɭࡲ7ơǐǫʂȇơȥȍơɭŹʠ
ŹŔʂȍǬȇȍŔɭŔnjɃɭơŹơȍǫɭȍơȥǫɭࡲ
‘ȶǠȶɭʋɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭǬ
ࠁࡲ¥•ƒþƒ‘è÷þz衕è
1ȶȇŔˊɭǬȥʋǬȍǬ࡫ŹʧˊʧȇơȇǫɢnjơɭơȇʋǫɭơȥƇŔȍǬʂȟŔȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
þȶɢȍʠȟƎŔɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥȍŔʋơȥʋƎɃȥơȟǫȇǬɽŔȶȍŔȥ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǫƇǫȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ%ʠʋʧɭŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭƎŔŹǫɭ
njɭʠŹʠȥǫ˖ȍơȥȟơɽǫɽɃ˖ȇȶȥʠɽʠƎʠɭࡲĵŔȥǫǫȍơɭǫˊơ
ƎɃȥʧȇࢎɢɭȶɽɢơȇʋǫlj࢏ƇŔȍǬʂȟŔȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- ȥŔȍǫʋǫȇŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơȥơƎơȥɽơȍȍǫȇ
ǫȍǫʂȇǫȍơɭǫȥǫȥǫȥƃơȍơȥƎǫǐǫŹʠȥʠȥˊŔȥǬȥƎŔȇǫʂǫ࡫ˊơɭʽơ
˖ŔȟŔȥɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫȥǫȥǫȥƃơȍơȥƎǫǐǫ ŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇơʋǫˊȶȍȶǿǫȍơɭǫȥǫŹơȍǫɭȍơȟơˊơˊŔɭŔɭࡲ
72
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔˊŔǫȥƃơȍơƃơȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇŔƇǬɽǬȥƎŔȥ ʋʧȟʧˊȍơ
ɽŔǐȍǬȇȍǬȇǫʂǫȍơɭǫȍơŹŔʂȍŔȥǬɭࡲ%ʠȇǫʂǫȍơɭǫȥŹǫɭȇǬɽȟǬ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȶȍʠʂʋʠɭŔŹǫȍơƃơȇŹǫɭɭǫɽȇljŔȇʋɃɭʧȥơƎȶǐŔȍ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇȟŔɭʠ˖ȇŔȍȟŔȇʋŔ࡫ƎǫǐơɭnjɭʠɢǫɽơȟŔɭʠ˖
ȇŔȍȟŔȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ%ʠǫȇǫnjɭʠɢʋŔǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥȶɭʋŔˊŔ
ƇǬȇǬʂǠǬ˖ȍŔɭǬȇŔɭʂǬȍŔʂʋǬɭǬȍǬɭࡲ
ɽȶȥʠƇȍŔɭǬȇŔɭʂǬȍŔʂʋǬɭǬȍŔɭŔȇˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲȥƃŔȇ
ʠˊnjʠȍŔȥŔƃŔȇˊơȥǫʋơƎŔʽǫˊɃȥʋơȟǫˊŔƎŔˊŔɢǬȍŔƃŔȇ
njǫɭǫʂǫȟǫȥ˖ŔɭŔɭɽǬ˖ȶȍƎʠǐʠȇŔȥǬʋȍŔȥȟǬʂȶȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔʋǫɢǫ
• Olumlu
ࡧ¶ȍnjʠȇȶȥʋɭȶȍ
ࡧeɃɭơƃơȍǫȶȍŔɭŔȇʠƃʠ˖
ࡧ˖ɽŔˊǬƎŔȶȍnjʠǫȍơƇŔȍǬʂŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧeɃɭơƃơȍǫȶȍŔɭŔȇƇŔŹʠȇɽȶȥʠƇ
ࡧ¥ŔƎǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǫƇǫȥʠˊnjʠȥƎʠɭ
ĵơȥǫʋơʂǠǫɽˊɃȥʋơȟȍơɭǫȥǫŔɭŔʂʋǬɭǬɭࡲĵơȥǫʋơʂǠǫɽ
ˊɃȥʋơȟȍơɭǫȥǫȥʋŔȥǬȇȶˊȟŔƎŔȥơȇŔƎŔɭnjơƇơɭȍǫ
ȶȍƎʠǐʠȥʠŹǫȍǫȥƎǫȇʽơnjʧʽơȥǫȍǫɭŹǫɭˊɃȥʋơȟȍơ
ȇŔɭʂǬȍŔʂʋǬɭǬɭࡲ
¡Fþ¶7¶•¶ƒ‘
1. ‘¶èčĵč-čqƒŁ¡Fþ•Fè%ƒèƒ¥-ƒ•‘¶èč¡
%ʠʋơɭǫȟȇǫʂǫˊǫǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭƎŔȥȇȶɭʠȟŔǫƇǫȥŔȍǬȥŔȥ
ʋʧȟɃȥȍơȟȍơɭǫȇŔɢɽŔɭࡲ%ǫɭǫȥƃǫȍȇȶɭʠȟŔˊŔɃɭȥơȇ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇŹǫɭƇȶƃʠǐʠƎǫljʋơɭǫˊơȇŔɭʂǬŔʂǬȍŔˊŔɭŔȇŹʠ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭƎŔȥȇȶɭʠȟŔȇ࡫ƎǬʂȇǬȥǬȥɽʠʽơŹơɽǫȥȍơɭȍơ
ŹʠȍŔʂȟŔɽǬȥǬɃȥȍơˊơɭơȇȇǫʂǫȍơɭǫŹŔɭɽŔȇ
ơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȥȇȶɭʠȟŔȇnjɃɽʋơɭơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧ¶ȍʠȟɽʠ˖
ࡧFȍƎơơƎǫȍơȥŹǫȍnjǫʋŔȟȶȍȟŔˊŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧȥǬȟɽƎŔȟŔȥǬȥǠŔʋŔɢŔˊǬ
ࡧ‘ȶȥʋɭȶȍnjɭʠŹʠɽơƇǫȟǫʽơơȍơʂʋǫɭȟơƎơɽȶɭʠȥ
ˊŔʂŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧòŔƎơƃơʋŔǠȟǫȥǫɭɃȍŔʋǫljɭǫɽȇǠơɽŔɢȍŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
%ǫɭǫȥƃǫȍȇȶɭʠȟŔnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŹơɽȍơȥȟơ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭƎŔȥʽơŹʠȍŔʂǬƃǬǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭƎŔȥ
ȇȶɭʠȟŔƎŔɃȥơȟȍǫƎǫɭࡲ%ʠȥʠȥˊŔȥǬȥƎŔȇŔȥɽơɭ
ˊŔɢŔȥȟŔƎƎơȍơɭƎơȥȇȶɭʠȟŔȇ࡫njơȥơʋǫȇ
ƎŔȥǬʂȟŔȥȍǬȇˊȶȍʠǫȍơnjơȥơʋǫȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬȥ
ƎơʽŔȟǬȥǬɃȥȍơȟơȇ࡫Ŕȟȥǐǫȶɽơȥʋơ˖ǫȍơǫȥʋɭŔʠʋơɭǫȥ
ʋŔȥǬȇȶˊŔɭŔȇȟŔȍljȶɭȟŔɽˊȶȥȍʠƇȶƃʠȇƎȶǐʠȟʠȥʠ
ɃȥȍơȟơȇʋơŹǫɭǫȥƃǫȍȇȶɭʠȟŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ȶǠŔɭʋ
• Olumlu
ࡧFʋȇǫȥǫȥŹơȍǫɭȍơȥȟơɽǫȥƎơǠŔʋŔɭǫɽȇǫˊȶȇ
ࡧƒȥɽǫƎŔȥɽʽơȟʠʋȍŔȇɭɃȍŔʋǫljɭǫɽȇǠơɽŔɢȍŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧ%ŔʂȇŔǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭȍŔǫȍǫʂȇǫȍơɭǫŹơȍǫɭȍơȟơˊơˊŔɭŔɭࡲ
ࠁࡲƒ‘ƒ¥-ƒ•‘¶èč¡
¶ȍʠȟɽʠ˖
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥŹơȍǫɭȍơȥȟơɽǫȥƎơǠŔʋŔˊŔɢǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧeơȥǫʂɽŔˊǬƎŔȶȍnjʠnjơɭơȇʋǫɭǫɭࡲ
ࡧč˖ʠȥɽʧɭơǫ˖ȍơȟơnjơɭơȇʋǫɭǫɭࡲ
ࡧŁŔȟŔȥȍŔȶȍnjʠȍŔɭƎŔŔ˖ŔȍȟŔȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬȥŹơȍǫɭʋǫɃȥƃơɽǫʽơˊŔŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭǫȥƇȶȇ
ǠŔljǫljȶȍƎʠǐʠƎɃȥơȟƎơȍŔŹŔɭŔʋʠŔɭȟʠŔˊơȥơȍơɭǫǫȍơ
ʋŔȥǬȥŔɭŔȇʋơƎŔʽǫơƎǫȍȟơɽǫȥơǫȇǫȥƃǫȍȇȶɭʠȟŔƎơȥǫɭࡲ
%ʠɭŔƎŔȇǫʂǫǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥǫȍơɭȍơȟơɽǫȥƎơȥ࡫ʋơƎŔʽǫƎơȥ
ˊŔɭŔɭȍŔȥŔȟŔˊŔƃŔǐǬŹǫɭŔʂŔȟŔˊŔʽŔɭȟŔȇʋŔȥ
ȇȶɭʠȥȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲÄɭȥơǐǫȥȇŔƎǬȥȍŔɭƎŔɢơɭǫˊȶƎǫȇ
ɽǫʋȶȍȶǿǫȇȟʠŔˊơȥơˊŔɢŔɭŔȇʠʋơɭʠɽȇŔȥɽơɭǫȥǫơɭȇơȥ
ʋŔȥǬȟŔȇǫȇǫȥƃǫȍȇȶɭʠȟŔˊŔɃɭȥơȇʋǫɭࡲ
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ࠂࡲĔ1Ĕ¥-Ĕ•‘¶èč¡
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ŔɭŔʂʋǬɭȟŔȍŔɭŹǫɭƎơǐǫʂȇơȥǫŹơȍȍǫnjɭʠɢǫȥɽŔȥƎŔ
ƎơǐǫʂʋǫɭȟơˊǫŔȟŔƇȍŔɭࡲ
- òɃ˖njơȍǫȟǫŔȍȍơɭǿǫˊơȥơƎơȥȶȍŔȥŹǫɭŹơɽǫȥ
ȟŔƎƎơɽǫȥǫȥƎǫˊơʋʋơȥƇǬȇŔɭʋǬȍȟŔɽǬǫȍơˊơȥǫŹǫɭʋʧɭ
ŔȍȍơɭǿǫʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥǫȥɽȶȥʠƇȍŔɭǬȥǬȥȇŔɭʂǬȍŔʂʋǬɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ
ƎơȥơˊɽơȍƇŔȍǬʂȟŔˊŔŹǫɭɃɭȥơȇʋơʂȇǫȍơƎơɭࡲ
- 7ơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭȟơƎơȥơˊʽơȇȶȥʋɭȶȍnjɭʠɢȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȇǫ
qŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬ࡫ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬȥɽŔȇŔʋȍǬȇǫȍơ
ɽȶȥʠƇȍŔȥȟŔɽǬȥƎŔȥȇȶɭʠȟŔǫƇǫȥŔȍǬȥŔȥɃȥȍơȟȍơɭ
ʧƇʧȥƃʧȍȇȶɭʠȟŔƎǬɭࡲÄɭȥơǐǫȥȇŔȍɢɭȶȟŔʋǫ˖ȟŔɽǬ
ȶȍŔȥŹǫɭƇȶƃʠǐŔǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭǫȇŔˊŹȶȍƎʠȇʋŔȥ
ɽȶȥɭŔƎŔŹơȍǫɭȍǫ˖ŔȟŔȥȍŔɭƎŔŔȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇʽơɭȟơȇ
ʧƇʧȥƃʧȍȇȶɭʠȟŔƎǬɭࡲ
73
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
þ¥zþFòþ•F胥ƒ¥eF1F蕃•ƒhƒ
Soru
Geçerlilik: %ǫɭʋŔȥǬʋơɽʋǫȥǫȥɃȍƇȟơˊǫŔȟŔƇȍŔƎǬǐǬ
ɢŔɭŔȟơʋɭơˊǫȥơƎơȥȍǫɃȍƇơŹǫȍƎǫǐǫȥǫȥnjɃɽʋơɭnjơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
eơȥǫʂʋŔŹŔȥȍǬʽơˊʠȇŔɭǬƎȶǐɭʠƎŔɭŔȍŔȥȥʧljʠɽ
ɢǫɭŔȟǫƎǫȶȍŔȥʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥ
ǠŔȥnjǫɽǫƎȶǐɭʠƎʠɭࡳ
࢏7ȶǐʠȟǠǬ˖ǬƎʧʂʧȇ࡫ɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖Ǭˊʧȇɽơȇ
%࢏7ȶǐʠȟǠǬ˖Ǭˊʧȇɽơȇ࡫ɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖ǬƎʧʂʧȇ
-࢏7ȶǐʠȟǠǬ˖ǬƎʧʂʧȇ࡫ɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖ǬƎʧʂʧȇ
7࢏eɃƇȶɭŔȥǬˊʧȇɽơȇ
F࢏7ȶǐʠȟǠǬ˖Ǭˊʧȇɽơȇ࡫ɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖Ǭˊʧȇɽơȇ
7ʠˊŔɭȍǬȍǬȇࡪ %ǫɭʋŔȥǬʋơɽʋǫȥǫȥǫȥƃơȍơȥơȥʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔȇǫ
njơɭƇơȇǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭʋŔŹǫȍȟơɃ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫȥơ
ƎʠˊŔɭȍǬȍǬȇƎơȥǫɭࡲ%ǫɭŹŔʂȇŔƎơˊǫʂȍơǠŔɽʋŔȶȍŔȥ
ȇǫʂǫȍơɭǫƇǫȥƎơʋơɽʋǫȥɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljƇǬȇȟŔȶȍŔɽǬȍǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
òơƇǫƃǫȍǫȇࡪ %ǫɭʋŔȥǬʋơɽʋǫȥǫȥǫȥƃơȍơȥơȥʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔȇǫ
njơɭƇơȇɽŔǐȍŔȟȍŔɭǬȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭʋŔŹǫȍȟơɃ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫȥơ
ɽơƇǫƃǫȍǫȇƎơȥǫɭࡲ%ǫɭŹŔʂȇŔƎơˊǫʂȍơɽŔǐȍŔȟȶȍŔȥ
ȇǫʂǫȍơɭǫƇǫȥƎơʋơɽʋǫȥȥơnjŔʋǫljƇǬȇȟŔȶȍŔɽǬȍǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
áɭơƎǫȇʋǫljƎơǐơɭࡪ%ǫɭʋơɽʋǫȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥʽŔɭˊŔƎŔˊȶȇ
ȶȍƎʠǐʠȥŔȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭʋŔŹǫȍȟơɃ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫȥơƎơȥǫɭࡲ
áɭơƎǫȇʋǫljƎơǐơɭǠơȟǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥɢɭơʽŔȍŔȥɽǬȥŔǠơȟ
ƎơʋơɽʋǫȥƎʠˊŔɭȍǬȍǬȇʽơɽơƇǫƃǫȍǫǐǫȥơŹŔǐȍǬƎǬɭࡲáȶ˖ǫʋǫlj
ʽơȥơnjŔʋǫljȶȍȟŔȇʧ˖ơɭơǫȇǫʋʧɭɢɭơƎǫȇʋǫljƎơǐơɭ
ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
áȶ˖ǫʋǫljɢɭơƎǫȇʋǫljƎơǐơɭࡪ %ǫɭʋŔȥǬʋơɽʋǫȥǫȥɢȶ˖ǫʋǫlj
ƇǬȇʋǬǐǬȇǫʂǫȍơɭǫƇǫȥƎơnjơɭƇơȇȍơʂơȥǠŔɽʋŔȶȍŔȥȍŔɭǬȥ
ȶɭŔȥǬƎǬɭࡲ%ŔʂȇŔŹǫɭƎơˊǫʂȍơ ʋơɽʋǫȥɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljȶȍƎʠǐʠ
ȇȶʂʠȍƎŔȇǫʂǫȥǫȥǠŔɽʋŔȶȍȟŔɽǬȶȍŔɽǬȍǬǐǬȥŔɢȶ˖ǫʋǫlj
ɢɭơƎǫȇʋǫljƎơǐơɭʽơɭǫɭࡲ
òŔǐȍǬȇÄȍƇʧʋȍơɭǫࡪqŔɽʋŔȍǬȇࢎȟȶɭŹǫƎǫʋơ࢏Ǝʧ˖ơˊǫȥǫ
ŹơȍǫɭȍơˊơȥɃȍƇʧʋȍơɭࡲ
¥ơnjŔʋǫljɢɭơƎǫȇʋǫljƎơǐơɭࡪ %ǫɭʋŔȥǬʋơɽʋǫȥǫȥȥơnjŔʋǫlj
ƇǬȇʋǬǐǬȇǫʂǫȍơɭǫƇǫȥƎơnjơɭƇơȇʋơȥɽŔǐȍŔȟȶȍŔȥȍŔɭǬȥ
ȶɭŔȥǬƎǬɭࡲ%ŔʂȇŔŹǫɭƎơˊǫʂȍơʋơɽʋǫȥȥơnjŔʋǫljȶȍƎʠǐʠ
ƎʠɭʠȟƎŔȇǫʂǫȥǫȥɽŔǐȍŔȟȶȍȟŔȶȍŔɽǬȍǬǐǬȥơnjŔʋǫlj
ɢɭơƎǫȇʋǫljƎơǐơɭʽơɭǫɭࡲ
eơɭƇơȇʋơ
ǠŔɽʋŔ
olanlar
eơɭƇơȇʋơ
ɽŔǐȍŔȟ
olanlar
Toplam
þơɽʋ
ɽȶȥʠƃʠȥŔ
njɃɭơǠŔɽʋŔ
A
eơɭƇơȇ
ɢȶ˖ǫʋǫlj
B
ĵŔȍŔȥƃǬ
ɢȶ˖ǫʋǫlj
A+B
þơɽʋ
ɽȶȥʠƃʠȥŔ
göre
ɽŔǐȍŔȟ
C
ĵŔȍŔȥƃǬ
ȥơnjŔʋǫlj
D
eơɭƇơȇ
ȥơnjŔʋǫlj
C+D
Toplam
A+C
B+D
A + B + C+
D
áɭơʽŔȍŔȥɽࡪ %ơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭȇơɽǫʋǫȥƎơ࡫ŹǫɭʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔ
ɽŔɢʋŔȥŔȥʋʧȟࢎơɽȇǫʽơˊơȥǫ࢏ʽŔȇŔɽŔˊǬɽǬȥǬȥ࡫ŔˊȥǬ
ŔȥƎŔȇǫɭǫɽȇŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȇǫȇǫʂǫɽŔˊǬɽǬȥŔŹɃȍʧȥȟơɽǫˊȍơ
ơȍƎơơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ%ǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥ࡫ȶŔȥƎŔȇǫʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔ
njɃɭʧȍȟơɽǬȇȍǬǐǬȥǬǫljŔƎơơƎơɭࡲ
áɭơʽŔȍŔȥɽǠǬ˖Ǭए ŹơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭŔȥƎŔŹơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭ
ʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔȇǫʽŔȇŔɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸɭǫɽȇŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȇǫȇǫʂǫɽŔˊǬɽǬ
ˉࠀ߿߿
ƒȥɽǫƎŔȥɽࡪ%ơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭɽʧɭơǫƇǫȥƎơŹǫɭʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔȇǫ
ࢨɽŔǐȍŔȟࢩȇǫʂǫȍơɭǫȥŹơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐŔˊŔȇŔȍŔȥȟŔ
ȶȍŔɽǬȍǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
ƒȥɽǫƎŔȥɽǠǬ˖Ǭए ŹơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭɽʧɭơǫƇǫȥƎơnjɃɭʧȍơȥˊơȥǫ
ʽŔȇŔɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸɭǫɽȇŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȇǫɽŔǐȍŔȟȇǫʂǫɽŔˊǬɽǬˉȇ
ʋŔȇqǬ˖ȍŔɭǬࡪ ƒȥɽǫƎŔȥɽǬȥŹʠȍŔʂǬƃǬǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭ
ŔȍŔȥǬȥƎŔȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥʂơȇȍǫƎǫɭࡲ%ơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭɽʧɭơǫƇǫȥƎơ
ɽŔɢʋŔȥŔȥŹʠȍŔʂǬƃǬǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇʽŔȇŔɽŔˊǬɽǬȥǬȥ࡫ȶ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐŔƎʠˊŔɭȍǬȇǫʂǫɽŔˊǬɽǬȥŔŹɃȍʧȥȟơɽǫˊȍơơȍƎơ
ơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
7ʠˊŔɭȍǬȍǬȇࡪ ࢎeơɭƇơȇɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljȍơɭࡸeơɭƇơȇǠŔɽʋŔ
ȶȍŔȥȍŔɭ࢏ˉࠀ߿߿एࢎŔࡸŔऋƃ࢏ˉࠀ߿߿
òơƇǫƃǫȍǫȇࡪࢎeơɭƇơȇȥơnjŔʋǫljȍơɭࡸeơɭƇơȇʋơɽŔǐȍŔȟ
ȶȍŔȥȍŔɭ࢏ˉࠀ߿߿एࢎƎࡸŹऋƎ࢏एࠀ߿߿
áȶ˖ǫʋǫljɢɭơƎǫȇʋǫljƎơǐơɭࡪࢎeơɭƇơȇɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljȍơɭࡸʋʧȟ
ɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljȍơɭ࢏ˉࠀ߿߿एࢎŔࡸŔऋŹ࢏एࠀ߿߿
Fɢǫ˖ȶƎqǬ˖Ǭࡪ%ŔǐǬʂǬȇȍǬȇŹǬɭŔȇȟŔˊŔȥʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔȥ
ŹʠȍŔʂǬƃǬǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬȥŹȶˊʠʋʠȥʠɃȍƇȟơȇǫƇǫȥ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥŹǫɭɃȍƇʧʋʋʧɭࡲ
¥ơnjŔʋǫljɢɭơƎǫȇʋǫljƎơǐơɭࡪࢎeơɭƇơȇȥơnjŔʋǫljȍơɭࡸʋʧȟ
ȥơnjŔʋǫljȍơɭ࢏ˉࠀ߿߿एࢎƎࡸƃऋƎ࢏एࠀ߿߿
74
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
Äȍʧȟࢎ¡ȶɭʋŔȍǫʋơ࢏7ʧ˖ơˊǫȥǫ%ơȍǫɭȍơˊơȥÄȍƇʧʋȍơɭ
ɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔɽŔǐȍǬȇǠǫ˖ȟơʋȍơɭǫȥǫȥˊơʋơɭȍǫȶȍʠɢ
ȶȍȟŔƎǬǐǬȥǬnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ÷ɃˊȍơǠơɽŔɢơƎǫȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡷ
‘ŔŹŔÄȍʧȟqǬ˖Ǭࡪ FȥɽǬȇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥ࡫ȇȶȍŔˊơȍƎơ
ơƎǫȍơȥŹǫɭɃȍƇʧʋʋʧɭࡲ
áơɭǫȥŔʋŔȍɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖Ǭए ŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔɃȍʧƎȶǐŔȥʽơƃŔȥȍǬ
Ǝȶǐʠɢ߿-ࠆnjʧȥǫȇơȥɃȍơȥŹơŹơȇɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔȇǫ
ʋȶɢȍŔȟࢎƃŔȥȍǬऋɃȍʧ࢏ƎȶǐʠȟɽŔˊǬɽǬˉࠀ߿߿߿
‘¶qए%ǫɭʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔȇǫʋȶɢȍŔȟɃȍʧȟɽŔˊǬɽǬ
ࡸŔˊȥǬ ʋȶɢȍʠȟʠȥˊǬȍȶɭʋŔɽǬȥʧljʠɽʠˉࠀ߿߿߿
ȥŔÄȍʧȟqǬ˖Ǭ
Ä˖ơȍÄȍʧȟqǬ˖ȍŔɭǬࡪ-ǫȥɽǫˊơʋ࡫ˊŔʂ࡫ˊơɭȍơʂǫȟˊơɭǫ࡫
ɃȍʧȟȥơƎơȥǫnjǫŹǫɃ˖ơȍǫȇȍơɭơnjɃɭơǠơɽŔɢơƎǫȍơȥ࡫
ƎŔǠŔƎʠˊŔɭȍǬɃȍʧȟɃȍƇʧʋȍơɭǫƎǫɭࡲ
%ǫɭʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔŔȥŔɽŔǐȍǬǐǬƎʧ˖ơˊǫȥǫơȥǫˊǫˊŔȥɽǬʋŔȥ
ɃȍƇʧʋʋʧɭࡲ•ȶǠʠɽŔȍǬȇƎɃȥơȟǫƎȶǐʠȟƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔȇǫǫȍȇ
ࠅǠŔljʋŔƎǬɭ࡫ʂɃˊȍơǠơɽŔɢȍŔȥǬɭࡷ
ĴࢫơɃ˖ơȍɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖Ǭए ȶˊǬȍȇǫĴɃȍʧȟɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸĴࢫǫ
ȥʧljʠɽʠˉࠀ߿߿߿
ȥŔɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖ǬएŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔnjơŹơȍǫȇ࡫Ǝȶǐʠȟʽơ
ȍȶǠʠɽŔȍǬȇƎɃȥơȟǫȥƎơȇǫȇŔƎǬȥɃȍʧȟɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸŹǫɭ
ˊǬȍƎŔȇǫƃŔȥȍǬƎȶǐʠȟɽŔˊǬɽǬˉࠀ߿߿߿
bŔʋŔȍǫʋơqǬ˖Ǭࡪ %ơȍǫɭȍǫŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥȥơȇŔƎŔɭ
ɃȍƎʧɭʧƃʧȶȍƎʠǐʠȥʠnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ
7ȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇࢎbơɭʋǫȍǫʋơ࢏7ʧ˖ơˊǫȥǫ%ơȍǫɭȍơˊơȥ
ÄȍƇʧʋȍơɭ
ĴǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥǬȥljŔʋŔȍǫʋơǠǬ˖ǬएĴǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥǬȥɃȍʧȟ
ɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸĴǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥŔˊŔȇŔȍŔȥŔȥȍŔɭǬȥɽŔˊǬɽǬˉȇ
¡ȶɭʋŔȍǫʋơǠǬ˖Ǭए ĴǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơɃȍʧȟ
ɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸʋȶɢȍʠȟʠȥˊǬȍȶɭʋŔɽǬȥʧljʠɽʠˉȇ
‘ŔŹŔ7ȶǐʠȟqǬ˖Ǭࡪ %ǫɭʋȶɢȍʠȟʠȥƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇ
Ǝʧ˖ơˊǫȥǫŹơȍǫɭʋơȥƇȶȇƎʠˊŔɭȍǬȶȍȟŔˊŔȥŹǫɭɃȍƇʧʋʋʧɭࡲ
1ʧȥȇʧɢŔˊƎŔƎŔƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬǐŔȇŔʋȇǬɽǬȶȍȟŔˊŔȥˊŔʂ
ʽơƃǫȥɽȍơɭƎơˊơɭŔȍȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ÷ɃˊȍơǠơɽŔɢơƎǫȍǫɭࡷ
%ơŹơȇÄȍʧȟqǬ˖ȍŔɭǬ
‘ŔŹŔƎȶǐʠȟǠǬ˖ǬएŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔȇǫƃŔȥȍǬƎȶǐʠȟ
ɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸŔˊȥǬʋȶɢȍʠȟʠȥˊǬȍȶɭʋŔɽǬȥʧljʠɽʠˉࠀ߿߿߿
%ǫɭʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔȇǫɽŔǐȍǬȇ࡫ȾˏƟȊȊǨȄȊƟƅȲƂʙȄɷŔǍȊǩǍǩ
düzeyinin en önemli göstergesi ŹơŹơȇɃȍʧȟ
ǠǬ˖ǬƎǬɭࡲ%ơŹơȇȍǫȇƎɃȥơȟǫƎȶǐʠȟƎŔȥǫʋǫŹŔɭơȥ
ˊŔʂŔȟǬȥǫȍȇࠂࠅࠃnjʧȥʧƎʧɭࡲ%ʠƎɃȥơȟǫȥʋŔȟŔȟǬȥƎŔ
ɃȍʧȟɭǫɽȇǫʽơȥơƎơȥȍơɭǫŔˊȥǬƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡲ%ʠȥơƎơȥȍơ
ǠǬ˖ƎȶǐʠȟƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔȇǫǫȍȇࠆnjʧȥ࡫ࠇ-ࠁࠇnjʧȥȍơɭʽơࠁࠈࠂࠅࠄnjʧȥȍơɭǫƇǫȥŔˊɭǬŔˊɭǬǠơɽŔɢȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
ĵŔʂŔ-Ä˖ơȍ7ȶǐʠȟqǬ˖ȍŔɭǬࡪ‘ŔƎǬȥȍŔɭƎŔƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇ
ƎɃȥơȟǫȥƎơࢎࠀࠄ-ࠃࠈˊŔʂȍŔɭ࢏ŹơȍǫɭȍǫˊŔʂȍŔɭƎŔȇǫ
ƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇƎʧ˖ơˊǫȥǫŹơȍǫɭʋơȥơȥƎʠˊŔɭȍǬljơɭʋǫȍǫʋơ
ɃȍƇʧʋʧƎʧɭࡲÄɭȥơǐǫȥࠂ߿-ࠂࠄˊŔʂnjɭʠŹʠǫƇǫȥʂɃˊȍơ
Źʠȍʠȥʠɭࡲ
%ʠɽȶȥʧƇǠǬ˖ǬȥǬȥʋȶɢȍŔȟǬ࡫ʋȶɢȍŔȟŹơŹơȇɃȍʧȟ
ǠǬ˖ǬȥǬʽơɭǫɭࡲ%ʠɭŔƎŔɃȥơȟȍǫȶȍŔȥȥȶȇʋŔ࡫ŹơŹơȇ
ɃȍʧȟʧƎǫˊơŹǫȍȟơȇǫƇǫȥŹơŹơǐǫȥƃŔȥȍǬƎȶǐƎʠȇʋŔȥ
ɽȶȥɭŔɃȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲqǫƇŹǫɭƃŔȥȍǬȍǬȇŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫˊȶȇɽŔŹʠ
ɃȍʧƎȶǐʠȟƎʠɭʽơŹʠȥȍŔɭɢŔˊʽơɢŔˊƎŔƎŔˊơɭ
ŔȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
30 – ࠂࠄˊŔʂŔɃ˖ơȍƎȶǐʠȟǠǬ˖Ǭए ŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔࠂ߿– ࠂࠄˊŔʂ
ŔȥȥơȍơɭǫȥˊŔɢʋǬǐǬƃŔȥȍǬƎȶǐʠȟࡸࠂ߿– ࠂࠄˊŔʂȍŔɭƎŔȇǫ
ȇŔƎǬȥɽŔˊǬɽǬˉࠀ߿߿߿
þȶɢȍŔȟ7ȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇqǬ˖Ǭࡪ ĵŔʂŔ-Ä˖ơȍƎȶǐʠȟ
ǠǬ˖ȍŔɭǬȥǬȥࢎȇŔʋɽŔˊǬȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍȟŔƎŔȥ࢏ʋȶɢȍŔȟǬȥࠄǫȍơ
ƇŔɭɢǬȟǬˊȍŔơȍƎơơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ%ʠȥʠȥŔȥȍŔȟǬʂʠƎʠɭࡷ%ơȍȍǫ
ŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔǠŔȍơȥƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇƇŔǐǬȥƎŔȶȍŔȥ
ȇŔƎǬȥȍŔɭǬȥƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇƎʧ˖ơˊȍơɭǫŔˊȥơȥƎơʽŔȟ
ơƎơɭɽơ࡫ƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇƎɃȥơȟȍơɭǫȥǫ
ʋŔȟŔȟȍŔƎǬȇȍŔɭǬȥƎŔǠơɭ ȇŔƎǬȥȶɭʋŔȍŔȟŔʋȶɢȍŔȟ
ƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇǠǬ˖ǬȶȍŔɭŔȇơȍƎơơƎǫȍơȥɽŔˊǬȇŔƎŔɭ
ƇȶƃʠȇɽŔǠǫŹǫȶȍŔƃŔȇʋǬɭࡲ
þȶɢȍŔȟŹơŹơȇɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖Ǭए ŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔɃȍơȥŹơŹơȇ
ɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍơȥƃŔȥȍǬƎȶǐʠȟɽŔˊǬɽǬ
ˉࠀ߿߿߿
¥ơȶȥŔʋŔȍŹơŹơȇɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖Ǭए ŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔ߿-ࠆnjʧȥȍʧȇ
ǫȇơȥɃȍơȥŹơŹơȇɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍơȥ
ƃŔȥȍǬƎȶǐʠȟɽŔˊǬɽǬˉࠀ߿߿߿
áȶɽʋȥơȶȥŔʋŔȍŹơŹơȇɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖Ǭए ŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔࠁࠈ-ࠂࠅࠄ
njʧȥȍʧȇǫȇơȥɃȍơȥŹơŹơȇɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔȟơˊƎŔȥŔ
njơȍơȥƃŔȥȍǬƎȶǐʠȟɽŔˊǬɽǬˉࠀ߿߿߿
eơȥơȍ7ȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇqǬ˖Ǭࡪ 7ȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇƇŔǐǬȥƎŔȇǫǠơɭ
ࠀ߿߿߿ȇŔƎǬȥǬȥŹǫɭˊǬȍƎŔˊŔɢʋǬǐǬƃŔȥȍǬƎȶǐʠȟ
ɽŔˊǬɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
eơȥơȍƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇǠǬ˖ǬएƃŔȥȍǬƎȶǐʠȟɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸࠀࠄ–
ࠃࠈˊŔʂȇŔƎǬȥɽŔˊǬɽǬˉȇ
áơɭǫȥŔʋŔȍɃȍʧȟǠǬ˖Ǭࡪ ȥŔɽŔǐȍǬǐǬƎʧ˖ơˊǫȥǫ ơȥǫˊǫ
njɃɽʋơɭơȥࠁࡲɃȍƇʧʋʋʧɭࡲ7ȶǐʠȟɃȥƃơɽǫʽơƎȶǐʠȟ
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Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
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ࡧ1ǫƇơȇ
ࡧFɢǫƎơȟǫȇþǫljʠɽ
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1ȶƃʠȇࡸ‘ŔƎǬȥ¶ɭŔȥǬࢎbơɭʋǫȍǫʋơ¶ɭŔȥǬ࢏ࡪ 7ȶǐʠȟ
ɽŔˊǬȍŔɭǬȥǬȥƎȶǐɭʠŹǫƇǫȟƎơɽŔɢʋŔȥŔȟŔƎǬǐǬ
ƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭƎŔ࡫ȥʧljʠɽɽŔˊǬȟǬʽơɭǫȍơɭǫȇʠȍȍŔȥŔɭŔȇơȍƎơ
ơƎǫȍơȥ࡫ƎȶǐʠɭnjŔȥȍǬȇŹȶˊʠʋʠȥʠƎȶȍŔˊȍǬŹǫƇǫȟƎơ
ŹơȍǫɭʋơȥŹǫɭɃȍƇʧʋʋʧɭࡲ
1ȶƃʠȇ– ‘ŔƎǬȥȶɭŔȥǬࢎljơɭʋǫȍǫʋơ࢏ए ߿ – ࠃˊŔʂƇȶƃʠȇ
ɽŔˊǬɽǬࡸࠀࠄ– ࠃࠈˊŔʂȍŔɭƎŔȇǫȇŔƎǬȥɽŔˊǬɽǬˉȇ
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ȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơʋǫɭơŹǫȍȟơɃ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫȥơʽơɭǫȍơȥŔƎƎǬɭࡲ
7ŔǐǬȍǬȟǬȥˊơɭnjɃɽʋơɭơȥɃȍƇʧʋȍơɭǫࢎȟơɭȇơ˖ǫơǐǫȍǫȟ
ɃȍƇʧʋȍơɭǫ࢏
ĪǫɭʠȍŔȥɽࡪFʋȇơȥǫȥȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơʋǫɭƎǫǐǫǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥ
ƎơɭơƃơɽǫȥǫnjɃɽʋơɭơȥȇŔʽɭŔȟƎǬɭࡲ
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ƎơȥơȇɽŔˊǬɽǬࡲ
- ¶ɭʋŔȥƃŔࢎȟơƎˊŔȥ࢏ࡪ7ŔǐǬȍǬȟǬȥȶɭʋŔȥȶȇʋŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫ
Ǝơǐơɭ- þơɢơƎơǐơɭǫࢎȟȶƎ࢏ࡪ7ŔǐǬȍǬȟƎŔơȥƇȶȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥ
Ǝơǐơɭ
- 1ơˊɭơȇʽơĵʧ˖Ǝơȍǫȇȍơɭࢎáơɭɽơȥʋǫȍ࢏ࡪहࠁࠄ-हࠄ߿-हࠆࠄ
òǫȟơʋɭǫȇࢎȥȶɭȟŔȍ࢏ƎŔǐǬȍǬȟƎŔŔɭǫʋȟơʋǫȇȶɭʋŔȍŔȟŔ࡫
ȶɭʋŔȥƃŔʽơʋơɢơƎơǐơɭǫŹǫɭŹǫɭǫȥơơʂǫʋʋǫɭࡲ
ȥʋǫǿơȥǫʋơࡪ FʋȇơȥơȇŔɭʂǬȇǫʂǫȥǫȥʽʧƃʠƎʠȥƎŔŔʋǫȇȶɭ
ȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
þȶȇɽǫǿơȥǫʋơࡪFʋȇơȥȍơɭǫȥȇȶȥŔȇʋŔʋȶȇɽǫȥʧɭơʋơɭơȇ
ˊŔˊǬȍȟŔɃ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫȥơʽơɭǫȍơȥǫɽǫȟƎǫɭࡲ
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njʧʽơȥǫȍǫɭɃȍƇʧɽʧƎʧɭࡲ
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ƎŔɭŔȍŔȥƎŔǫɽơȇʧƇʧȇʋʧɭࡲ
ĪŔɭˊŔȥɽ
- qơɭŹǫɭƎŔǐǬȍǬȟŔǫȍǫʂȇǫȥnjɃ˖ȍơȟȍơɭǫȥȶɭʋŔȍŔȟŔƎŔȥ
ŔˊɭǬȍǬʂȍŔɭǬȥǬȥȇŔɭơȍơɭǫȥǫȥȶɭʋŔȍŔȟŔɽǬȥŔʽŔɭˊŔȥɽ
Ǝơȥǫɭࡲ
- Grup A B C D ǝŔɷʄŔȊǩȄȊŔɧǩ ˃ŔȢ˃ŔȢŔŔ˃ɧǩŔ˃ɧǩ
ȄʙʄʙƂʙȄǝŔȊǨȢƌƟ˃ŔɝŔȊǩȜࡲ
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Grup A: þʧȟɽŔǐȍǬȇȇʠɭʠȍʠʂȍŔɭǬȥƎŔȥŹǫȍƎǫɭǫȟǫ
˖ȶɭʠȥȍʠǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭ
eɭʠɢ%ࡪčzʠɽȍŔɭŔɭŔɽǬǫǠŹŔɭǬ˖ȶɭʠȥȍʠǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇŔɭ
eɭʠɢ-ࡪ òơȥʋǫȥơȍɽʠɭʽơˊŔȥɽ ȇŔɢɽŔȟǬȥƎŔŹǫȍƎǫɭǫȟǫ
ˊŔɢǬȍŔƃŔȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭ
Grup D: •ŔŹȶɭŔʋʠŔɭƎŔȥŹǫȍƎǫɭǫȟǫ˖ȶɭʠȥȍʠ
ơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥơʋȇơȥȍơɭǫࡸǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭ
76
Küçük Stajlar | 7. Göğüs ve Kalp Damar Cerrahisi
Göğüs ve Kalp
Damar Cerrahisi
77
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
7. GÄhĔòĪF‘•á7¡è-Fèèqƒòƒ
þŔȥǬɽǬȥƎŔ čòe࡫ %þ ʽơ Ŕȥǿǫȶ ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ þơƎŔʽǫɽǫ
ƃơɭɭŔǠǫȶȍŔɭŔȇɽơȥʋơʋǫȇŹǫɭˊŔȟŔˊŔɢǬȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
ŹƎȶȟǫȥŔȍŔȶɭʋŔȥơʽɭǫ˖ȟŔɽǬ
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- ŹƎȶȟǫȥŔȍŔȶɭʋŔȥơʽɭǫ˖ȟŔɽǬơȥɽǬȇŔʋơɭȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖Ŕ
ŹŔǐȍǬ ȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơ ɽǫnjŔɭŔ ǫƇơȥȍơɭƎơ ʽơ
ơɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơ njɃ˖ʧȇʧɭࡲ ˊɭǬƃŔ ࠄ߿ ˊŔʂ ŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơ
ƎŔǠŔ
ȥŔƎǫɭ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- ơȥɽǬȇinfrarenal aort ɽơnjȟơȥʋǫȥƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
bǫ˖ˊȶɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫࡪ eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơ ɽȶȍ ɽʠŹȇȍŔʽǫŔȥ ࢎहࠈࠄ࢏
Ŕɭʋơɭǫȥ ƎǫɽʋŔȍǫȥƎơ njɃɭʧȍơȥ ƎȶǐʠȟɽŔȍ ȶȍŔɭŔȇ
njơȍǫʂȟǫʂ ȶȍŔȥ ʽơ ǠơȟȶƎǫȥŔȟǫȇ ȶȍŔɭŔȇ ŔȥȍŔȟȍǬ
ɽơnjȟơȥʋơɭ ƎŔɭŔȍȟŔ njɃɽʋơɭơȥ ɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫ Ŕȶɭʋ
ȇȶŔɭʋŔɽˊȶȥʠ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ʋŔȥǬȟȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
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ǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥŔˊȶȍŔƇŔɭࡲ
- qŔɽʋŔȍŔɭnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơŔɽơȟʋȶȟŔʋǫȇɢʠȍɽŔʋǫȍȇǫʋȍơ ile
njơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ ȶɭʋ ƇŔɢǬȥǬȥ ऑࠂ ƃȟ ȶȍȟŔɽǬ ʋŔȥǬ
ȇȶˊƎʠɭʠƃʠƎʠɭࡲ
- %Ŕ˖Ǭ ƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭƎŔ ŔƇǬȇ ˊǬɭʋǬȍȟŔƎŔȥ ǠŔljʋŔȍŔɭ Ƀȥƃơ
ȇŔȥǬȥɽǬ˖ȟŔɽǬȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơȇŔɭǬȥʽơˊŔȥŔǐɭǬɽǬȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- ‘ȶŔɭʋŔɽˊȶȥʠȥƎǫɽʋŔȍǫȥƎơŔɭʋȟǬʂȇȶȍȍŔʋơɭŔȍŔɭʋơɭ
ƎȶȍŔʂǬȟǬǫȍơɢơɭljʧ˖ˊȶȥnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- %ɃŹɭơȇȍơɭ ƎʧʂʧȇȇŔȥŹŔɽǬȥƃǬˊȍŔɢơɭljʧ˖ơȶȍʠɭȍŔɭ
ɭơȥǫȥɽơʽǫˊơɽǫǫȍơɭơȥǫȥŔȥǿǫȶʋơȥɽǫȥɽǫɽʋơȟǫ
ŔȇʋǫʽŔɽˊȶȥʠŔɭʋŔɭࡲ 1ȶƃʠȇȍʠȇʋŔȇŔȍɢˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫȥơ
ȥơƎơȥȶȍȟŔȟǬʂɽŔơɭǫʂȇǫȥƎơǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ
ɽŔɢʋŔȥȟŔƎŔȥnjơȍǫʂȟơƎơȥɽŔɢʋŔȥȟŔɽǬnjʧƇʋʧɭࡲ
¶ɢơɭŔɽˊȶȥơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧऑࠄࡲࠄƃȟࢫƎơȥŹʧˊʧȇ
ࡧòơȟɢʋȶȟʽơɭȟơɽǫ
ࡧqǬ˖ȍǬŹʧˊʧȟơɽǫ
- þʠɭȥơɭɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠȥƎŔɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲࢎ%ǫȇʠɽɢǫƎŔȶɭʋa ve
ɢʠȍȟȶȥơɭƎŔɭȍǬȇơʂȍǫȇơƎơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ࢏FɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơƎŔǠŔ
ɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲeơŹơȍǫǐǫȥɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơࠂࡲþɭǫȟơɽʋơɭǫȥƎơ
ŔȶɭʋɭʧɢʋʧɭɭǫɽȇǫŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
- ĭǫȍȍǫɽɢȶȍǫnjȶȥʠŔȥơʽɭǫ˖ȟŔɽǬˊȍŔŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
òǬȇȍǬȇȍŔŹǫȇʠɽɢǫƎŔȶɭʋǫȇʽŔȍʽǫȍơŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
78
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
- òǬȇȍǬȇȍŔŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬ࡫ȇȍŔƎǫȇŔɽˊȶ࡫ŹŔƃŔȇˊȶɭnjʠȥȍʠǐʠ࡫
‘‘ĵʽơơɢǫɽʋŔȇɽǫɽ njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- bǫ˖ǫȇȟʠŔˊơȥơƎơɃȍƇʧȍơȥȇŔȥŹŔɽǬȥƃǬŔɭʋȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
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ȇǬɽȟǬǫˊǫnjơȍǫʂȟǫʂŔȥƃŔȇŹŔƃŔȇȍŔɭŹŔ˖ơȥǫˊǫ
njơȍǫʂȟơȟǫʂʋǫɭࡲ
- þŔȥǬɽǬȥƎŔ F‘eࢫƎơɽȶȍʽơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍǠǫɢơɭʋɭȶfisi
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- eɃǐʧɽljǫȍȟǫȥƎơȇŔɭƎǫˊȶȟơnjŔȍǫ࡫ŔȶɭʋŔƎŔࠂʂơȇȍǫ
njɃɭʧȥʧȟʧ࡫ȇȶȍȍŔʋơɭŔȍȍơɭʽơȇȶɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔƇơȥʋǫȇȍơɭ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ ‘ŔɭƎǫˊȶȍȶǿǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇơȥɽǬȇŹǫȇʠɽɢǫʋŔȶɭʋŔ
njɃ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫƎơƃơɭɭŔǠǫŔȍʋǬȥɽʋŔȥƎŔɭʋʋǬɭࡲˊɭǬƃŔɢơɭȇʧʋŔȥ
ŹŔȍȶȥŔȶɭʋȶɢȍŔɽʋǫʠˊnjʠȍŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
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čĵ‘čá¥FòƒòF¥7趡č
- ‘ǫȍȶljŔ˖ȍŔȍǬǐǬ ȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơŹȶˊȥʠǬȥʽơŹȶǐŔ˖
ƇơʽɭơɽǫȥƎơȇǫˊŔǐƎȶȇʠɽʠȥʠȥŔɭʋȟŔɽǬ
- Ä˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔŹʧˊʧȟʧʂʋȶȥɽǫȍʽơˊŔ
ŔƎơȥȶǫƎʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ
- čˊȇʠŔɢȥơɽǫơɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơȇŔƎǬȥŔȍɭŔ ȶɭŔȥȍŔࠁȇŔʋ
ƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭ࡫ŹʠȥơƎơȥȍơơɭȇơȇȶȍȟŔȇ
ŹǫɭɭǫɽȇljŔɭȇʋɃɭʧƎʧɭࡲ
- čˊȇʠŔɢȥơɽǫȶɭʋŔˊŔʂʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơȇǫơɭǫʂȇǫȥȍơɭƎơ
njơȥƇȍơɭơnjɃɭơࠁ– ࠂȇŔʋƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔ njɃɭʧȍƎʧǐʧȥƎơȥ
ˊŔʂƎŔŹǫɭɭǫɽȇljŔȇʋɃɭʧȶȍŔɭŔȇȇŔŹʠȍơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
- %ȶǐŔ˖ȇŔɽȍŔɭǬȥǬȥʠˊȇʠɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔnjơʽʂơȟơɽǫȥơ
ȥơƎơȥȶȍƎʠǐʠǫƇǫȥ ŔȍȇȶȍʽơʠˊȇʠǫȍŔƇȍŔɭǬȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬ
ƎŔɭǫɽȇljŔȇʋɃɭʧȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭࡲ
òŔȥʋɭŔȍ čˊȇʠ ɢȥơɽǫࡪ %ơˊǫȥƎơȇǫ ɽȶȍʠȥʠȟ
ȟơɭȇơ˖ǫȥǫȥ ˊơʋơɭɽǫ˖ ʽơ ʠˊʠȟɽʠ˖ ƇŔȍǬʂȟŔɽǬ
ɽơŹơŹǫˊȍơ ȶɭʋŔˊŔ ƇǬȇŔɭȍŔɭࡲ òȶȍʠȥʠȟ Ŕ˖ŔȍȟŔɽǬ ʽơ
ƎʠɭȟŔɽǬȥǬ ʋŔȇǫŹơȥ ȇŔȥƎŔ ȇŔɭŹȶȥƎǫȶȇɽǫʋǫȥ ŔɭʋȟŔɽǬ
ʽơȶȇɽǫǿơȥǫȥŔ˖ŔȍȟŔɽǬɽȶȥɭŔɽǬȥƎŔʠˊŔȥȟŔʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
òȶɭʠ
¶ŹɽʋɭʠȇʋǫljʠˊȇʠŔɢȥơɽǫɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠȥƎŔ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔȶŹɽʋɭʧȇɽǫˊȶȥȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫɽʋǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ǠŔȥnjǫŔȥŔʋȶȟǫȇŹɃȍnjơƎơȶȍʠɭࡳ
࢏ĪȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎ
%࢏¶ɭȶljŔɭơȥȇɽ
-࢏qǫɢȶljŔɭơȥȇɽ
7࢏•Ŕɭơȥȇɽ
F࢏þɭŔȇơŔ
þơƎŔʽǫ
- čˊȇʠ Ŕɢȥơɽǫȥǫȥ ȇơɽǫȥ ʋơʂǠǫɽǫ ʽơ ʂǫƎƎơʋǫȥǫȥ
ɃȍƇʧȍơŹǫȍȟơɽǫ ǫƇǫȥ ʠˊȇʠ ȍŔŹȶɭʋŔʋʠŔɭȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ
ࢨɢȶȍǫɽȶȟȥȶnjɭŔljǫࢩ
ˊŔɢǬȍȟŔɽǬ
njơɭơȇǫɭࡲ
- qŔɽʋŔȥǬȥ ɽȶɭʠȥʠȥʠȥ ɽŔɢʋŔȥȟŔɽǬȥǬȥ ŔɭƎǬȥƎŔȥ
njơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơ CPAP ƃǫǠŔ˖Ǭ ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ -áá ƃǠǫŔ˖ǬȥǬȥ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍȟŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫ ŔȟŔƇ ǠŔɽʋŔˊŔ ƎơʽŔȟȍǬ ǠŔʽŔ
ŹŔɽǬȥƃǬʠˊnjʠȍŔȟŔɽǬˊȍŔʠˊȇʠɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȇŔɢŔȥŔȥʧɽʋ
ǠŔʽŔˊȶȍȍŔɭǬȥǬŔƇǬȇʋʠʋȟŔȇʋǬɭࡲ
áơɭǫljơɭǫȇࢎ¶Źɽʋɭʠȇʋǫlj࢏čˊȇʠɢȥơɽǫ
%ȶǐŔ˖ƎŔ ɽȶȍʠȥʠȟ ˊȶȍʠȥʠ ŔƇǬȇ ʋʠʋŔȥ ȇŔɽȍŔɭǬȥ
njơʽʂơȟȟơȍơɭǫ ǫȍơ ǠŔʽŔȥǬȥ njơƇơƃơǐǫ ŔȍŔȥǬȥ
ࢎȶɭȶljŔɭǫȥȇ࢏ ȇŔɢŔȥȟŔɽǬ࡫ ƎŔɭŔȍȟŔɽǬ ɽȶȥʠƃʠȥƎŔ
ȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ qŔʽŔ ˊȶȍȍŔɭǬȥǬȥ ƎŔɭŔȍȟŔɽǬ ɽȶȥʠƃʠȥƎŔ Źǫɭ
ɽʧɭơ ɽȶȍʠȥʠȟ Ǝʠɭʠɭ ʽơ ȇŔȥƎŔȇǫ ȶȇɽǫǿơȥ ȟǫȇʋŔɭǬ
Ŕ˖ŔȍǬɭࡲ qȶɭȍŔȟŔȍŔɭ࡫ ƇǬɭɢǬȥȟŔȍŔɭȍŔ njơƇơȥ njơƃơȥǫȥ
ŔɭƎǬȥƎŔȥ Ǡơȟ ƃǫƎƎǫ Źǫɭ ơljȶɭ ɽŔɭljơƎǫȍȟǫʂ࡫ Ǡơȟ Ǝơ
njơɭơȇȍǫʠˊȇʠŔȍǬȥŔȟŔȟǬʂȶȍʠɭࡲ
79
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
þȶɭŔɽǫȇ1ǬȇǬʂòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫ ɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠƎʠɭࡲ -ǫƎƎǫ Ǝǫɽɢȥơ࡫ Ǡǫɢȶȇɽǫ࡫
Ŕȇƃǫǐơɭ࡫ ȇȶȟɢȍǫŔȥɽǬȥǬȥ Ŕ˖ŔȍȟŔɽǬ ʽơ ɢʠȍȟȶȥơɭ
ɃƎơȟ
ǫȍơ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
áŔʋȶljǫ˖ˊȶȍȶǿǫƎơ
ŔȍʽơȶȍȶȇŔɢǫȍȍơɭ ȟơȟŹɭŔȥ ǠŔɭŔŹǫˊơʋǫȥơ ŹŔǐȍǬ
ȥȶȥȇŔɭƎǫˊȶǿơȥǫȇ Ŕȇƃǫǐơɭ ɃƎơȟǫ njơȍǫʂȟơɽǫ ɽɃ˖
ȇȶȥʠɽʠƎʠɭࡲ
ȥʋơɭǫȶɭʽơȟơƎǫʠɽɽȇŔȍơȥȇŔɽǬ ࠀࡲ‘ȶɽʋŔˊŔˊŔɢǬʂǬɭࡲ
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njơƇơɭࡲ òʠŹȇȍŔʽǫˊơȥ ʽơȥ Ŕȥʋơɭǫȶɭ ɽȇŔȍơȥ ȇŔɽǬȥǬȥ
ɃȥʧȥƎơȥnjơƇơɭࡲ
òȇŔȍơȥ ʧƇnjơȥƎơ ȥɃɭȶʽŔɽȇʠȍơɭ ȇȶȟɢɭơɽˊȶȥŔ ŹŔǐȍǬ
ȥȶȥɽɢơɽǫljǫȇ ɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭŔ ࢎʧɽʋ ơȇɽʋɭơȟǫʋơƎơ ŔǐɭǬ࡫
Ŕʋɭȶljǫ࡫ Ǝʠˊʠ Źȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ࢏ þ1ò ƎơȥȟơȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
HŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥ ƇȶǐʠȥƎŔ ɽơɭʽǫȇŔȍ ȇȶɽʋŔ ʽơˊŔ C7
ʋɭŔȥɽʽơɭɽ ɢɭȶƇơɽ ʠ˖ŔȟŔɽǬ njǫŹǫ ŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭ ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
%Ŕ˖Ǭ ǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔ ŔȥȶɭȟŔȍ ȇơȟǫǐǫȥ ʠƃʠȥƎŔȥ ࠀࡲ
‘ȶɽʋŔˊŔʠ˖ŔȥŔȥȇŔȍǬȥljǫŹɭɃ˖ŹŔȥʋʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- ࠆnjʧȥƎơȥƎŔǠŔȇǬɽŔɽʧɭơƎơȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇȟǬʂŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍ
ɢʠȍȟȶȥơɭ
ǫȥljǫȍʋɭŔɽˊȶȥ
ȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
- áʠȍȟȶȥơɭ Ŕɭʋơɭ ȇŔȟŔ ŹŔɽǬȥƃǬ ࠀࠇ ȟȟ qnj ʽơˊŔ
ŔȍʋǬȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ ࢎòȶȍ ȇŔȍɢ ˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫȥơ ŹŔǐȍǬ Ŕȇƃǫǐơɭ
ɃƎơȟǫȥƎơȥ
ŔˊǬɭǬȟǬȥƎŔ
Ƀȥơȟȍǫ࢏
- è7òࢫȥǫȥ ơȥ ɽǬȇ ɽơŹơŹǫ ŹŔȇʋơɭǫˊơȍ ɽơɢʋǫɽơȟǫƎǫɭࡲ
ˊɭǬƃŔ 7z-࡫ ʂȶȇ ɽǬʽǬ ŔɽɢǫɭŔɽˊȶȥʠ࡫ ʋɭŔʽȟŔ࡫ ȇŔȥ
tranɽljʧ˖ˊȶȥʠ࡫ ɢŔȥȇɭơŔʋǫʋ࡫ ƎʠȟŔȥ ǫȥǠŔȍŔɽˊȶȥʠ ʽơ
ŔʂǬɭǬ ơɭȶǫȥ ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬ Ǝǫǐơɭ ȥơƎơȥȍơɭƎǫɭࡲ
- Fȥ ɽǬȇ ȇȍǫȥǫȇ ɽơȟɢʋȶȟʠ ƎǫɽɢȥơƎǫɭࡲ ƒȍȇ Źơȍǫɭʋǫ
Ǝǫɽɢȥơȥǫȥ ǫ˖ȍơƎǫǐǫ njǫʋʋǫȇƇơ ŔɭʋŔȥ Źǫɭ ʋŔȇǫɢȥơƎǫɭࡲ
bǫ˖ǫȇŹʠȍnjʠƎŔɭŔȍȍơɭƎʠˊʠȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
¥Ƀɭȶȍȶǿǫȇ ȟʠŔˊơȥơ njơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơ ȥȶɭȟŔȍƎǫɭࡲ %Ŕ˖Ǭ
hastalarda 7ò¶¥ ȟŔȥơʽɭŔɽǬȥƎŔ ȥŔŹǬ˖ƎŔ azalma
ʽơˊŔȇŔˊǬɢʋơɽɢǫʋơƎǫȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
è7òþŔȥǬ‘ɭǫʋơɭȍơɭǫ
ࡧȇʠʋŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇ
• ȇƃǫǐơɭljǫȍȟǫȥƎơŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍƎǫljljʧ˖ǫȥljǫȍʋɭŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧáŔ¶ࠁࡸbǫ¶ࠁȶɭŔȥǬȥǬȥऒࠁ߿߿ȟȟqnjŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧáʠȍȟȶȥơɭŔɭʋơɭȇŔȟŔŹŔɽǬȥƃǬȥǬȥࠀࠇȟȟqeࢫȥǫȥ
ŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȶȍȟŔɽǬࡲ
ȇƃǫǐơɭeɭŔljǫɽǫ
- ĵŔȟŔʋŔɭ˖ǬʽơˊŔˊŔˊnjǬȥ࡫ŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍɢŔȟʠȇŔɭʋǬǐǬ
ʂơȇȍǫȥƎơǫȥljǫȍʋɭŔɽˊȶȥ
- eɭȶɽɽȶȍŔɭŔȇŔȇƃǫǐơɭɃƎơȟŔʋɃ˖ʽơǠŔȟȶɭŔǿǫȇʋǫɭࡷ
ȟǫȇɭȶɽȇȶŹǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇǫɽơǫȥʋɭŔŔȍʽơȶȍŔɭɢɭȶʋǫơȥɃ˖ɽǬʽǬ
ȇȶȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫƎơǠơƎơljƎȶȇʠȶȇɽǫǿơȥǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥʠȥʠȥ
ɽŔǐȍŔȥȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲqŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥƇȶǐʠȥƎŔȟơȇŔȥǫȇ
ʽơȥʋǫȍŔɽˊȶȥnjơɭơȇǫɭࡲ
Fèƒ÷‘ƒ¥ò¶•č¥č¡Ł¶è•čhčòF¥7趡čࢎè7ò࢏
qơɭ ǫȇǫ ŔȇƃǫǐơɭǫƎơ ǫƇǫȥơ ŔȍŔȥ ȥȶȥȇŔɭƎǫˊȶǿơȥǫȇ
Ƀ˖ơȍȍǫȇʋơȇǫƎǫljljʠ˖ǫȥljǫȍʋɭŔɽˊȶȥȍŔȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơ࡫ȶȇɽǫǿơȥ
ʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥơ ƃơʽŔɢ ʽơɭȟơˊơȥ Ŕȇʠʋ ɽȶȍʠȥʠȟ
80
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áȥɃȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽ
ȇƃǫǐơɭ ˖ŔɭȍŔɭǬ ŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫ ŹȶʂȍʠǐŔ ǠŔʽŔ Źǫɭǫȇȟơɽǫ
ȶȍŔˊǬȥŔ Ǝơȥǫɭࡲ eɃǐʧɽ ŔǐɭǬɽǬ࡫ Ǝǫɽɢȥơ࡫ ǠǫɢơɭɽȶȥŔɭǫʋơ
ʽơȟơƎǫŔɽʋǫȥŔȍʂǫljʋʋǫɢǫȇɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫƎǫɭࡲ
áɭǫȟơɭòɢȶȥʋŔȥáȥɃȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽࢎ%Ŕɽǫʋ
áȥɃȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽ࢏
ÄȥƃơƎơȥ Źǫȍǫȥơȥ Ŕȇƃǫǐơɭ ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ ȶȍȟŔˊŔȥ
ŹǫɭơˊȍơɭƎơ
ŔɢǫȇŔȍ
ɽʠɢŹȍơʽɭŔȍ
Źȍơɢȍơɭǫȥ
ɢŔʋȍŔȟŔɽǬˊȍŔ ȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ ࠁ߿ – ࠃ߿ ˊŔʂ ŔɭŔɽǬ ɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơˊȶǐʠȥɽǫnjŔɭŔǫƇơȥȍơɭƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲहࠆࠄʋơȇ
ʋŔɭŔljȍǬʽơहࠄ߿ʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔȟŔˊŔơǐǫȍǫȟȍǫƎǫɭࡲ òʠŹɢȍơʽɭŔȍ
Źȍơɢȍơɭǫȥ ɽơŹơŹǫ njơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơ ɽʠŹȇȍǫȥǫȇ ɢŔɭŔɽơɢʋŔȍ
Ŕȟljǫ˖ơȟƎǫɭࡲ
òơȇȶȥƎơɭòɢȶȥʋŔȥáȥɃȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽࢎ‘ȶȟɢȍǫȇơ
áȥɃȶȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽ࢏
Fȥ ɽǬȇ ŔȍʋʋŔ ˊŔʋŔȥ ɽơŹnjơɢ ‘¶qࢫʋǬɭࡲ qơɭ ʋʧɭȍʧ
ŔȇƃǫǐơɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲȍʋʋŔˊŔʋŔȇŔȇƃǫǐơɭ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơȇȍǫȥǫȇɽơˊɭǫƎŔǠŔȇɃʋʧƎʧɭࡲ
ƇǬȇáȥɃȟȶʋȶɭŔȇɽ
- Fǐơɭ njɃǐʧɽ ƎʠʽŔɭǬȥƎŔȇǫ Ǝơȍǫȇ njȍȶʋʋǫɽǫȥ
ŔƇǬȇȍǬǐǬȥƎŔȥ ȇʧƇʧȇ ǫɽơ࡫ ˊŔɭŔȍǬ ˊŔȥ Ŕȇƃǫǐơɭǫ ǫƇǫȥơ
ǠŔʽŔ njǫɭǫɢ ƇǬȇȟŔˊǬ ɽʧɭƎʧɭơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ 1ʧȥȇʧ ƎǬʂŔɭƎŔȇǫ
ǠŔʽŔ njɃǐʧɽ ƎʠʽŔɭǬȥƎŔȇǫ ȇʧƇʧȇ Ǝơȍǫȇʋơȥ njǫɭǫȥƃơˊơ
Ǝơǐǫȥ Źȶȍ ȟǫȇʋŔɭƎŔ ǠŔʽŔ njȍȶʋʋǫɽʋơȥ Ŕȇƃǫǐơɭȍơɭơ
ƎȶȍŔƃŔǐǬȥƎŔȥ ˊŔɭŔȍǬ ˊŔȥ ŔȇƃǫǐơɭǫȥƎơȇǫ ȇȶȍȍŔɢɽ
ɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍƎǫɭࡲ
- •ŔɭǫȥnjơŔȍ ƃɭȶɽɽ-ɽơƃʋǫȥŔȍ ŔȍŔȥǬȥǬ ŔʂŔȥ Źǫɭ njɃǐʧɽ
ˊŔɭŔɽǬ࡫ŔȇƃǫǐơɭǫȥʋʧȟȇȶȍȍŔɢɽǬȥǬǠơɭŹǫɭɭơɽɢǫɭŔʋʠŔɭ
ƇŔŹŔƎŔ ȟơƎǫŔɽʋǫȥʠȟ Źơȍǫɭnjǫȥ ɢɭȶȇɽǫȟŔȍ ʂǫljʋǫȥǫ
ȶȍʠʂʋʠɭŔƃŔȇʋǬɭࡲ
ࠅá
Pain
áʠȍɽơȍơɽɽ
Pallor
Paresthesia
áŔɭŔȍˊɽǫɽ
áȶǫȇǫȍȶʋǠơɭȟǫŔ
81
Küçük Stajlar | 8. Ortopedi
Ortopedi
82
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
8. Oèþ¶áF7ƒ
7‘1
- ɽơʋŔŹʠȍʠȟƎơɭǫȥȍǫǐǫ Ŕ˖ŔȍǬɭࡲbơȟʠɭŹŔʂǬ
ˊʠʽŔɭȍŔȇȍǬǐǬȥǬȇŔˊŹơƎơɭࡲ
- ŸʠȄƌǨɷ˃ȲȢȄǩɷǩʄȊǩȊǩǍǩʄǨɝǨȄʄǨɧࡲࢇoƟɧʄŸƟȊǨɧʄǨɷǨ࢈
- ‘ŔɢɽʧȍʽơȍǫnjŔȟơȥʋʠ˖Ŕɭ࡫ȇŔɢɽʧȍ ȇʠȟɽŔŔʋǫ
njɃʋʧȥʧȟʧŔȍǬɭࡲ
- bơȟʠɭŹŔʂǬ࡫ŔɽơʋŔŹʠȍʠȟʠȥ ȍŔʋơɭŔȍ– ɽʧɢơɭǫȶɭʠȥŔ
ˊơɭȍơʂǫɭࡲ
eơȍǫʂǫȟɽơȍ‘ŔȍƇŔ7ǫɽɢȍŔ˖ǫɽǫ
ƒȇǫþǫɢʋǫɭ
ࠀ࢏þǫɢǫȇ7‘1ࢎơȥɽǬȇ࡫njơȍǫʂǫȟɽơȍƎǫɭ࡫ɢȶɽʋȥŔʋŔȍ
ƎɃȥơȟƎơȶȍʠɭ࢏
ࠁ࢏þơɭȶʋȶǿơȥǫȇ7‘1ࢎƒȥʋɭŔʠʋơɭǫȥǠŔˊŔʋʋŔȶȍʠɭ࡫ơȇ
ŔȥȶȟŔȍǫȍơɭʽŔɭƎǬɭ࢏ࢎ¡ˊơȍȶȟơȥǫȥnjȶɽơȍ࡫
ȍʠȟŹȶɽŔȇɭŔȍŔnjơȥơ˖ǫʽɽࡲ࢏
eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơɽȶȍƎŔƎǬɭࡲࢎहࠆ߿࢏
Fʋˊȶȍȶǿǫ
- qơɭơƎǫʋơɭbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭࡪ ȥȥơˊŔƎŔŹŔŹŔƎŔʽŔɭɽŔ
ɭǫɽȇहࠀࠁ
- •ǫnjŔȟơȥʋ•Ŕȇɽǫʋơɽǫࡪ ĵŔɢǬɽŔȍŔȥȥơƎơȥnjơƇơȥ
ɭơȍŔˉǫȥ
- ƒȥʋɭŔʠʋơɭǫȥȟŔȍɢȶ˖ǫɽȶȥࢎȟŔȇŔʋnjơȍǫʂࠅ– ࠀ߿ȇŔʋ
ŔɭʋǬʂ࢏࡫ȶȍǫnjȶǠǫƎɭŔȟȥǫȶɽ
- 1ơʽɭơɽơȍbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭࡪ ‘ʠȥƎŔȇȍŔȟŔ ࢎĔȍȇơȟǫ˖Ǝơơȥ
ɽǬȇ࢏
- ‘Ǭ˖Ƈȶƃʠȇ࡫ǫȍȇƇȶƃʠȇ
- áȍȶnjǫȶɽơljŔȍǫࢎþơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬƎʧ˖ȍơʂȟơ࢏ ࢎ•ŔȟŹƎȶǫƎ
ɽʠʋʠɭơɭȇơȥȇŔɢŔȥǬɭ࢏
- ¡ơʋŔʋŔɭɽʠɽŔƎƎʠȇʋʠɽ࡫þȶɭʋǫȇȶȍȍǫɽࡲ
7‘1ƒ1ƒ¥‘•ƒ¥ƒ‘%č•eč•è
ĵʧɭʧȟơÄȥƃơɽǫ
- ŹƎʠȇȍɽǫˊȶȥȇǬɽǬʋȍǬȍǬǐǬ ࢎɽơʋŔŹʠȍʠȟŔʋŔȇǬȍǬɭ࢏
- ¶ɭʋȶȍŔȥǫࢎऋ࢏ࡪbơȟʠɭŹŔʂǬȥǬȥŔɽơʋŔŹʠȍʠȟȇơȥŔɭǬȥŔ
ɽʧɭʋȟơɽǫȥơ ŹŔǐȍǬȶȍʠʂŔȥɽơɽʋǫɭࡲ‘ŔȍƇŔʽơƎǫ˖
ljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥƎŔˊȇơȥ࡫ŔŹƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥʽơŔƎƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥ
ǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫˊŔɢǬȍǬɭɽŔ‘•ƒ‘ɽơɽǫƎʠˊʠȍʠɭࡲࢎƒȍȇࠂŔˊ࢏
- %Ŕɭȍȶˁࢎऋ࢏ࡪ bơȟʠɭʧɽʋʠƃʠɢȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭŔǫʋǫȍǫɭʽơ
ŹǬɭŔȇǬȍƎǬǐǬȥƎŔŔɽơʋŔŹʠȍʠȟŔnjǫɭơɭࡲ%ʠŹʠȍnjʠ
ʠȥɽʋŔŹǫȍȇŔȍƇŔˊǬnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲࢎǫȍȇࠂŔˊ࢏
83
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
áǫȍǫŔɽǫȟơʋɭǫɽǫࢎáơʋơɭ-%ŔƎơŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ࢏ࡪ čˊȍʠȇƎơɭǫ
ɢǫȍȍơɭǫȥƎơŔɽǫȟơʋɭǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
eŔȍơŔ˖˖ǫ-ȍȍǫɽŹʠȍnjʠɽʠࢎ-ơʋʽơȍŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ࢏ࡪ ‘ŔȍƇŔʽơ
Ǝǫ˖ljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥƎŔˊȇơȥŹǫɭƎǫ˖ŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇŔȍǬɭࡲ
áǫɽʋȶȥŔɭŔ˖Ǭࡪ1ǬȇǬȇʋŔɭŔljȇŔȍƇŔljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥʽơ
ŔƎƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥƎŔǫȇơȥljơȟʠɭƎǫ˖ƎơȥȇŔʽɭŔȥŔɭŔȇ
ŔʂŔǐǬ-ˊʠȇŔɭǬǫʋǫȍƎǫǐǫȥƎơljơȟʠɭʠȥŔʂŔǐǬʽơˊʠȇŔɭǬ
ǠŔɭơȇơʋơʋʋǫǐǫnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
òȶɭʠ
7ȶǐʠʂʋŔȥȇŔȍƇŔƇǬȇǬǐǬˊȍŔnjơʋǫɭǫȍơȥࠅŔˊȍǬȇ
ŹơŹơȇʋơǠŔȥnjǫŹʠnjȍʠɽŔɢʋŔȥȟŔ˖ࡳ
࢏áǫȍǫŔɽǫȟơʋɭǫɽǫ
%࢏eŔȍơŔ˖˖ǫŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ
-࢏ŹƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥȇǬɽǬʋȍǬǐǬ
7࢏¶ɭʋȶȍŔȥǫŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ
F࢏òǠơȥʋȶȥ¡ơȥŔɭƎǠŔʋʋǬȥǬȥŹȶ˖ʠȍȟŔɽǬ
ĵʧɭʧˊơȥƇȶƃʠȇʋŔࡪ áơȍʽǫɽɃȥơƇǬȇǬȇʋǬɭ࡫ɢơɭǫȥơŔȍ
ŹɃȍnjơnjơȥǫʂȍơɭʽơȍʠȟŹŔʋȍȶɭƎȶ˖ŔɭʋȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
þɭŔƎơȍơȥŹʠɭnjŔɭŔ˖Ǭࡪ1ǬȇǬȇʋŔɭŔljʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơƎʠɭŔȥ
ǠŔɽʋŔƎŔ࡫ȇŔȍƇŔɽŔǐȍŔȟʋŔɭŔljƎʧʂơɭ࡫ȶȟʠɭnjŔƇǬȇǬȇ
ʋŔɭŔljŔơǐǫȍǫɭࡲ
òȶɭʠ
ʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍƎȶǐʠȟɽŔȍ
ȇŔȍƇŔƇǬȇǬǐǬǫƇǫȥˊŔȥȍǬʂʋǬɭࡳ
࢏ŹƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥȇǬɽǬʋȍǬǐǬ
%࢏þɭŔƎơȍơȥŹʠɭnjŹʠȍnjʠɽʠ
-࢏¶ɭʋȶȍȶȥǫɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljȍǫǐǫ
7࢏eŔȍơŔ˖˖ǫŔȍȍǫɽŹʠȍnjʠɽʠ
F࢏%Ŕɭȍȶˁɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljȍǫǐǫ
òȶɭʠ
7ȶǐʠʂʋŔȥȇŔȍƇŔƇǬȇǬǐǬȶȍƎʠǐʠƎʧʂʧȥʧȍơȥࠁŔˊȍǬȇ
ŹơŹơȇʋơ ŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫljǫ˖ǫȇȟʠŔˊơȥơ ŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬȥǬȥ
ȶȍȟŔɽǬǠŔȥnjǫɽǫŹơȇȍơȥȟơ˖ࡳ
࢏čˊȍʠȇʋŔƎơɭǫȇǬʽɭǬȟȍŔɭǬȥǬȥơʂǫʋȶȍȟŔȟŔɽǬ
%࢏þɭŔƎơȍơȥŹʠɭnjŹʠȍnjʠɽʠ
-࢏%Ŕɭȍȶˁʋơɽʋǫ
7࢏¶ɭʋŔȍȶȥǫʋơɽʋǫ
F࢏‘ŔȍƇŔŔŹƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥʠȥȇǬɽǬʋȍǬȶȍȟŔɽǬ
84
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
þŔȥǬ
ࠅŔˊƎŔȥȇʧƇʧȇŹơŹơȇȍơɭƎơ४‘ŔȍƇŔčòe
čòeࢫƎơnjɭŔljˊɃȥʋơȟǫ ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲȍljŔŔƇǬɽǬࠅ߿
Ǝơɭơƃơȥǫȥʧ˖ơɭǫȥƎơǫɽơȥȶɭȟŔȍƎǫɭࡲ
ࠅŔˊƎŔȥŹʧˊʧȇƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔ४‘ŔȍƇŔeɭŔljǫɽǫ
èŔƎˊȶȍȶǿǫȇþŔȥǬ
- qǫȍnjơȥɭơǫȥơɭƇǫ˖njǫɽǫ
- áơɭȇǫȥnjƇǫ˖njǫɽǫ
áơȍʽǫɢơƎŔȍŔȍƇǬ
èŔƎˊȶȍȶǿǫȇ%ʠȍnjʠȍŔɭ
- %ʠǫȇǫƇǫ˖njǫȇŔȍƇŔ
ơȇȍơȟǫȥǫࠃȇŔƎɭŔȥŔ
ŹɃȍơɭࡲ¥ȶɭȟŔȍƎơ
ljơȟʠɭ ơɢǫljǫ˖ǫǫƇ
ȇŔƎɭŔȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲFǐơɭƎǬʂȇŔƎɭŔȥƎŔǫɽơ7‘1
- ɽơʋŔŹʠȍŔɭŔƇǬ(30 dereceden fazla) ise DKÇ
- ĪȶȥèȶɽơȥŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ
- òǠơȥʋȶȥ-¡ơȥŔɭƎǠŔʋʋǬŹȶ˖ʠȇɽŔ%‘1ࢎơȥǠŔɽɽŔɽ࢏
þơƎŔʽǫ
- 0-ࠅŔˊŔɭŔɽǬ ȇŔȍƇŔȥǬȥŔŹƎʧȇȍɽǫˊȶȥʠʽơɢŔȍʽǫȇ
ŹŔȥƎŔǿǬ
- ࠅ-ࠀࠇŔˊ ȇŔɢŔȍǬɭơƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥ ʽơɢơȍʽǫɢơƎŔȍŔȍƇǬ
- qǫɢơɭŔŹƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥŔȍƇǬɽǬȥǬȥơȥɃȥơȟȍǫ
ȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠljơȟʠɭŹŔʂǬŔɽơɢʋǫȇȥơȇɭȶ˖Ǝʠɭࡲ
- ࠀࠇŔˊƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔ ɢơȍʽǫȇȶɽʋơȶʋȶȟǫ
- ࠃˊŔʂǬȥƎŔ ljơȟʠɭȇǬɽǬʋȍŔȟŔʽơȶɽʋơȶʋȶȟǫ
85
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
- ‘ơȟǫȇʽơȇơȟǫȇǫȍǫǐǫȥǫȥȟǫȇɭȶȶɭnjŔȥǫ˖ȟŔ
ʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔȥʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠƎʠɭࡲ
- qơȟŔʋȶǿơȥˊŔƎŔƎǫɭơȇʋǫȥȶȇʠȍŔɽˊȶȥࢎƇǬȇȇǬɭǬȇ࡫
ȶɭʋȶɢơƎǫȇȶɢơɭŔɽˊȶȥ࢏ǫȍơŹʠȍŔʂǬɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇǫȍȇƎơȇŔʋʋŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇʠ˖ʠȥȇơȟǫȇȍơɭǫȥȟơʋŔljǫ˖ǫȥƎơࢇƟɧǨɻȄǨȢȊƟɧƌƟ
vertebralarda)
Fʋȇơȥȍơɭ
- eơȥơȍȶȍŔɭŔȇơȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥòࡲʠɭơʠɽ
- ¶ɭŔȇǠʧƃɭơȍǫŔȥơȟǫɽǫơȥɽǬȇ¥ȶȥ-ʋǫljȶɽŔȍȟȶȥơȍȍŔ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥƎŔࡪòࡲŔʠɭơʠɽ࡫Fࡲƃȶȍǫ࡫njɭʠŹʠŹơʋŔ
Ǡơȟȶȍʋǫȍǫȇɽʋɭơɢʋȶȇȶȇ
- ʂǬȍŔȥȟŔȟǬʂࠂŔˊ– ࠂŔˊŔɭŔɽǬࡪòࡲŔʠɭơʠɽ࡫qࡲ
ƒȥljȍʠơȥ˖Ŕ
- zࡲĪࡲǫȍŔƇȇʠȍȍŔȥŔȥȍŔɭƎŔáɽơʠƎȶȟȶȥŔɽ
- qzĪࢫȍǫȍơɭƎơɢȥɃȟȶȇȶȇȍŔɭ
- ¡ŔȥʋŔɭȍŔɭƎŔȥ-ࡲȍŹǫƃŔȥɽ
- ĪǫɭʧɽȍơɭƎơȥá¶Ĵʽǫɭʧɽ
- áŔɭŔ˖ǫʋȍơɭƎơȥqǫƎŔʋǫȇ‘ǫɽʋ
¶òþF¶¡ĵF•ƒþࢎ¶¡࢏
Ä˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơࠁˊŔʂǬȥƎŔȥȇʧƇʧȇƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔɽơɢʋǫȥ
ŔɭʋɭǫʋơǫȍơɭȍơˊơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
èǫɽȇȍǫȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
- áɭȶȇɽǫȟŔȍǠʠȟơɭʠɽ
- bơȟʠɭ
- èŔƎǫʠɽ
- 7ǫɽʋŔȍʋǫŹǫŔ
¶ɽʋơȶȟˊơȍǫʋࠅǠŔljʋŔˊŔȇŔƎŔɭŔȇʠʋ࡫ࠅǠŔljʋŔƎŔȥ-3
ŔˊȇŔƎŔɭɽʠŹŔȇʠʋ࡫ࠂŔˊƎŔȥʠ˖ʠȥɽŔȇɭȶȥǫȇ
ȶɽʋơȶȟˊơȍǫʋƎơȥǫɭࡲ
‘čþ¶¡
- ¡ǫȇɭȶȶɭnjŔȥǫ˖ȟŔʽǫɭʧȍŔȥɽǬˊʧȇɽơȇʋǫɭࡲ
- òơɢɽǫɽ࡫ˊʧȇɽơȍơȥŔʋơʂ࡫ȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ǫơŔǐɭǬ࡫ʂǫʂȍǫȇ࡫
ǠŔɭơȇơʋȇǬɽǬʋȍǬȍǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇljơȟʠɭŔȍʋʽơʋǫŹǫŔʧɽʋʠƇȟơʋŔljǫ˖ǫȥƎơ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- ƒȍȇࠄnjʧȥƎơɭŔƎˊȶȍȶǿǫȇŹʠȍnjʠˊȶȇࡲþŔȥǬòǫȥʋǫnjɭŔljǫ
ǫȍơࢎþ-ࠈࠈ࢏
- ƒȍȇɭŔƎˊȶȍȶࡲŹʠȍnjʠ˃ʙȜʙɻŔȄƌȲȄʙɻǨɻȊǨǍǨࢇࠇ-7) gün
- òȶȥɭŔȶɽʋơȶȍǫʋǫȇƎơǐǫʂȍǫȇȍǫȇȍơɭࢎࠆ-ࠀ߿njʧȥ࢏
- òȶȥɭŔɢơɭǫȶɽʋɭơŔȇɽǫˊȶȥʠࢎࠀࠃ-ࠁࠀnjʧȥ࢏
¶¡ƇȶƃʠȇʋŔFˁǫȥnjɽŔɭƃȶȟŔǫȍơȇŔɭǬʂǬɭࡲ
86
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
¶¡‘ȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
- òơɢʋǫȇŔɭʋɭǫʋ ࢎơȥɽǬȇljơȟʠɭȶɽʋơȶȟˊơȍǫʋǫ࢏
- FȥljơȇʋơȇơȟǫȇʋơɽŔɭȇȶȟ ࢎȶɽʋơȶɽŔɭȇȶȟʽơ
ȟŔȍǫnjȥljǫŹɭȶ˖Ǡǫɽʋǫȶɽǫʋȶȟ࢏
- òǫȥʧɽʋɭŔȇʋǬȥƎŔˊŔɽɽǬơɢǫʋơȍǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
- òơɢɽǫɽ࡫ŹŔȇʋơɭǫˊơȟǫ࡫ơȥƎȶȇŔɭƎǫʋ
- %ʧˊʧȟơƎơȇǬɽŔȍǬȇ࡫Ǝơljȶɭȟǫʋơ࡫ɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȇljɭŔȇʋʧɭ
- èơŔȇʋǫljŔȟǫȍȶǫƎȶ˖
-ơɭɭŔǠǫʋơƎŔʽǫ ơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࠀࡲȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇȍơɭơƃơʽŔɢˊȶȇɽŔ
ࠁࡲĵʠȟʠʂŔȇƎȶȇʠŔŹɽơɽǫʽŔɭɽŔ
ࠂࡲFʂȍǫȇơƎơȥɽơɢʋǫȇŔɭʋɭǫʋʽŔɭɽŔ
ࠃࡲòơȇơɽʋɭơȇơȟǫȇƎȶȇʠɽʠʽŔɭɽŔ
áŔɢɭǫȇŔˊɃȥʋơȟǫࡪ ¶¡ࢫƎơƎơɭǫȥƎơŹɭǫƎȟŔȥˊɃȥʋơȟǫ
‘ơȟǫȇþʧŹơɭȇʧȍȶ˖ʠ
‘趥ƒ‘¶¡
- ƒȥʽȶȍʠȇɭʠȟࢇ˃ƟȢǨȄƟȜǨȄ˃ŔɝǩȜǩȾȊʠȄƟȜǨǍǨŸǨɧˏŔɧ
gibi sarar.)
- òơȇơɽʋɭŔɽˊȶȥࢎȥơȇɭȶʋǫȇȇơȟǫȇɢŔɭƇŔȍŔɭǬ࢏
- ‘ơȟǫȇǫƇǫȥƎơơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȇŔʽǫʋơɽǫ࡫ơʋɭŔljǬɽȇȍơɭȶʋǫȇ
ȇơȟǫȇȍơɽŔɭǬȍǬƎǬɭࡲ ࢎ%ɭȶƎǫơŔŹɽơɽǫ࢏
- č˖ʠȥʋʠŹʠȍơɭȇơȟǫȇƎǫŔljǫ˖ǫȥƎơɽȇȍơɭȶ˖ʽơ
ȟơƎʠȍȍơɭȇŔȥŔȍƎŔȇŔɢŔȥȟŔࢎeŔɭɭơࢫȥǫȥɽȇȍơɭȶ˖Ŕȥ
¶¡࢏
- þ7Īࡪ -ơɭɭŔǠǫࢎɽơȇơɽʋɭơȇɽǫ˖ˊȶȥʠ࢏ʽơ%
áȶʋʋqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬࢎĪơɭʋơŹɭŔþ%-– ¡ŔȍȍƎơáȶʋʋ࢏
- FȥɽǬȇ-ʋŹƃࢫˊơɽơȇȶȥƎơɭnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
- FʋȇơȥơȥɽǬȇ¡ˊƃȶŹŔƃʋơɭǫʠȟʋŹƃࡲ
- qơȟŔʋȶǿơȥˊȶȍȍŔơȥɽǬȇʽơɭʋơŹɭŔȍŔɭʋʠʋʠȍʠɭࡲ
- áŔȥȥʠɽࢎɽǫȥȶʽˊʠȟƎŔnjɭŔȥʧȍŔɽˊȶȥ࢏࡫ơȇȍơȟƎơʽơ
ɽʠŹȇȶȥƎɭŔȍȇơȟǫȇʋơǠŔɭŔŹǫˊơʋ
- òȶǐʠȇŔŹɽơࢎŔŹɽơʽŔɭŔȟŔŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬˊȶȇ࢏
- FȥɽǬȇʋȶɭŔȇŔȍʽơʧɽʋȍȶȟȟŹơɭʽơɭʋŔŹɭŔ
- ÄȥƃơʽơɭʋơŹɭŔŔȥʋơɭǫȶɭȇȶɭɢʠɽʠȥʠʋʠʋŔɭࡲ
- ȥʋơɭǫȶɭȇŔȟŔȍŔʂȟŔࢎeǫŹŹʠɽ࢏
87
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
þ%-áŔɭŔɢȍơǿǫɽǫ
- FɽǬȇʋȶɭŔȇŔȍʽơɭʋơŹɭŔ ʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲࢎáȶʋʋ
ɢŔɭŔɢȍơǿǫɽǫ࢏
qơȟǫɢŔɭơ˖ǫ࡫ɢȍơǿǫࡪ %ǫɭʋŔɭŔljʋŔȇǫȇȶȍʽơŹŔƃŔȇʋŔȇǫ
ȇʠʽʽơʋȇŔˊŹǬƎǬɭࡲ‘ʠʽʽơʋȇŔˊŹǬŔǐǬɭɽŔɢȍơǿǫ࡫ǠŔljǫljɽơ
ɢŔɭơ˖ǫȶȍŔɭŔȇŔƎȍŔȥƎǬɭǬȍǬɭࡲ
¡ȶȥȶɢŔɭơ˖ǫ࡫ɢȍơǿǫࡪ‘ȶȍʽơˊŔŹŔƃŔȇʋŔȇǫʋơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬ
ȇʠʽʽơʋȇŔˊŹǬ
áŔɭŔɢŔɭơ˖ǫ࡫ɢɭơǿǫࡪqơɭ ǫȇǫŹŔƃŔȇʋŔȇʠʽʽơʋŔ˖ȍǬǐǬࡲ
‘ʠŔƎɭǫɢŔɭơ˖ǫ࡫ɢɭơǿǫࡪ ƒȇǫʋŔɭŔljȍǬȇȶȍʽơŹŔƃŔȇȍŔɭǬ
ǫȍnjǫȍơȥƎǫɭơȥȇʠʽʽơʋŔ˖ȍǬǐǬ
‘ȍǫȥǫȇ
ࡧʋơʂ
ࡧFȇȍơȟƎơǐɭǬ
ࡧFȇȍơȟƎơǬɽǬŔɭʋǬʂǬ
ࡧqŔȍɽǫ˖ȍǫȇ
ࡧFȇȍơȟƎơʂǫʂȍǫȇ
ࡧFȇȍơȟƎơǠŔɭơȇơʋȇǬɽǬʋȍǬǐǬ
áŔʋȶȍȶǿǫ
- %ŔȇʋơɭǫɽˊȥȶʽǫŔȍȟơȟŹɭŔȥŔˊơɭȍơʂǫɢŔȇʠʋɽǫȥȶʽǫʋ
ȶȍʠʂʋʠɭʠɭࡲ
- òǫȥȶʽǫˊŔȍɽǬʽǬŹʠȍŔȥǬȇ࡫njɭǫʽơˊơʂǫȍǫȟɽǫɭơȥȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
- •ǫ˖ȶ˖ȶȟŔȍơȥ˖ǫȟȍơɭȇǬȇǬɭƎŔǐǬɢŔɭƇŔȍŔɭࡲ
- òŔŔʋȍơɭǫƇǫȥƎơȥơȇɭȶ˖njɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
þŔȥǬ
þŔȥǬ
- ɽɢǫɭơơƎǫȍơȥȟŔˊǫࠄ߿ࡲ߿߿߿ࡸȟȟࠂࢫƎơȥƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔ
ȍɃȇȶɽǫʋǫƇơɭǫɭɽơƎʠɭʠȟʠȥɽơɢʋǫȇȶȍƎʠǐʠƎʧʂȥʧȍʧɭࡲ
%ʠȥȍŔɭǬȥहࠆࠄࢫǫȥɃʋɭȶljǫȍƎǫɭࡲࢎþ%-ࢫƎơहࠂ߿- हࠃ߿࢏
- èŔƎˊȶȍȶǿǫȇȶȍŔɭȇŔơɭȇơȥƎɃȥơȟƎơơȇȍơȟ
ŔɭŔȍǬǐǬȥƎŔnjơȥǫʂȍơȟơ ࢇʄƟȄŸʙȊNJʙ࢈
- ƒȍơɭǫƎɃȥơȟƎơƇǬȇǬȇ࡫Ƈơʽɭơȇơȟǫȇʋơȶɽʋơȶɢȶɭȶ˖࡫
ɢơɭǫȶɽʋɭơŔȇɽǫˊȶȥʠ
èŔƎˊȶȍȶǿǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇ
- eǫŹŹʠɽ
- ‘ơȟǫȇƎŔȥɽǫʋơɽǫȥƎơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ
- FȇȍơȟŔɭŔȍǬǐǬȥƎŔƎŔɭŔȍȟŔ
- 7ʠŹȇȶȥƎɭŔȍȇơȟǫȇǠŔɭŔŹǫˊơʋǫ
- òȶǐʠȇŔŹɽơ
þơƎŔʽǫ
þƎʽࡪȥʋǫþ%-ǫȍŔƇȍŔɭ࡫ƎɭơȥŔǿʽơƃơɭɭŔǠǫ ࢇŔȢʄƟɧǨȲɧʶƟ
ɝȲɷʄƟɧǨȲɧLJʠˏ˃ȲȢ࢈
ࠀࡲƒȍȇࠇɽŔŔʋʋơƎơŹɭǫʋȟŔȥ ȥơȇɭȶ˖ʠnjơɭǫ
ƎɃȥƎʧɭơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࠁࡲࠄ߿ࡲ߿߿߿ࡸȟȟࠂࢫƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔȍɃȇȶɽǫʋǫƇơɭǫɭɽơŔƃǫȍ
ƃơɭɭŔǠǫ
ࠂࡲȥʋǫŹǫˊȶʋǫȇ
òɢǫȥŔʽơȥʋȶ˖Ŕࡪ áŔɭȟŔȇȇơȟǫȇȍơɭǫȥǫȥþ%-ࢫɽǫ
ࡧòơɢʋǫȇɭʋɭǫʋ
‘čþòFáþƒ‘èþèƒþࢎáˊȶǿơȥǫǿȇɭʋɭǫʋ࢏
eȶȥȶȇȶȇɭʋɭǫʋǫ
- FȥɽǬȇŹơŹơȇȍơɭƎơʽơƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇȇŔȍƇŔʽơƎǫ˖ơȇȍơȟǫȥƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇơʋȇơȥòࡲŔʠɭơʠɽ
- áɭȶʋơ˖ǫȶȍŔȥȍŔɭƎŔòࡲơɢǫƎơɭȟǫƎǫɽ
- -ǫȥɽơȍŔȇʋǫljƇŔǐƎŔòࡲŔʠɭơǫɽ࡫¥ࡲnjȶȥȶɭơ
ࡤFɭǫʂȇǫȥƎơ7¡࡫è࡫òʋɭơȶǫƎ࡫Ŕȍȇȶȍǫ˖ȟƎʠɭʠȟƎŔ
- eȶȥȶȇȶȇŔɭʋɭǫʋǫŔȇʠʋnjȶȥȶȇȶȇȇŔȍʧɭơʋɭǫʋǫʋŔȇǫŹơȥ
njơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
- ɭʋɭǫʋơȥɽǬȇƎǫ˖࡫ơȍŹǫȍơǐǫʽơŔˊŔȇŹǫȍơȇȍơɭǫȥǫ
ʋʠʋŔɭࡲ
- áȶȍǫŔɭʋɭǫʋʂơȇȍǫȥƎơŹŔʂȍŔɭࡲ¡ȶȥȶŔɭʋɭǫʋʂơȇȍǫȥƎơ
ǫȍơɭȍơɭࡲ
88
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࡧáŔnjơʋqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬࢎȶɽʋơǫʋǫɽƎơljȶɭȟŔȥɽ࢏
ࡧȍɢˊʧȇɽơȍǫɭࢎȶɽʋơȶŹȍŔɽʋǫȇŔȇʋǫʽǫʋơˊǫnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭࡲ࢏
ࡧ%ŔʂŹʧˊʧȟơɽǫࢎȍơȶȥʋǫŔɽǫɽȶɽɽơŔ࢏
ࡧeɃɭȟơŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ࡫ɽŔǐǬɭȍǬȇࢎ‘1ŹŔɽǬɽǬ࢏
ࡧqǫɢơɭʽŔɽȇʧȍŔɭǫ˖ơȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭࢎˊʧȇɽơȇƎơŹǫȍǫȇŔȍɢ
ˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫ࢏
• OɽʋơȶɽŔɭȇȶȟ
áeFþqòþ•zhzࢎ¶ɽʋơǫʋǫɽ7ơljȶɭȟŔȥɽ࢏
- ĵŔʽŔʂʽǫɭʧɽơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔȥ
ʋơʋǫȇȍơȥƎǫǐǫƎʧʂʧȥʧȍơȥŔȥȶɭȟŔȍȇơȟǫȇˊŔɢǬȟǬˊǬȇǬȟǬǫȍơnjǫƎơȥŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- ¶ɽʋơȶȍǫʋǫȇ– ¶ɽʋơȶɽȇȍơɭȶʋǫȇơʽɭơȍơɭǫʽŔɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇʽơɭʋơŹɭŔ࡫ljơȟʠɭ࡫ɢơȍʽǫɽ࡫ȇŔljŔʋŔɽǬ࡫ʋǫŹǫŔˊǬ
ʋʠʋŔɭࡲ
‘zèz‘ĪF1z‘z‘•è
‘ǬɭǬȇǫˊǫȍơʂȟơɽǫȥƎơࠂƎɃȥơȟʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࠀࡲƒȥljȍŔȟŔʋʠŔɭƎɃȥơȟࢎ߿-ࠂǠŔljʋŔ࢏ࡪ‘ǬɭǬȇ
ǠơȟŔʋȶȟȟʠȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࠁࡲþŔȟǫɭƎɃȥơȟǫࢎࠂǠŔljʋŔ– ࠀˊǬȍ࢏ࡪ‘Ŕȍȍʠɽȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࠂࡲèơȟȶƎơȍǫȥnjࢎȶɭʋŔȍŔȟŔࠆˊǬȍ࢏
ĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥȍŔɭƎŔơȥɽǬȇƎȶǐʠȟʋɭŔʽȟŔɽǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬ
ȇȍŔʽǫȇʠȍŔ࡫ljơȟʠɭƃǫɽǫȟȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬʽơǠʠȟơɭʠɽ
ȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ƒˊǫȍơʂȟơƎơơȥɃȥơȟȍǫɽǫȍȶȇŔȍljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭƎǫɭ
- 1ơʽɭơȍơˊơȥˊʠȟʠʂŔȇƎȶȇʠȥʠȥȇŔȥȍŔȥȟŔɽǬ
- FȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ࡫ǫȟȟȶŹǫȍǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥ
- ĵơʋơɭɽǫ˖ljǫȇŔɽˊȶȥ
- ‘ŔˊǬɢƎơɭơƃơɽǫ࡫ŔʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭȥơȇɭȶ˖njơȍǫʂǫȟǫ࡫
ȟŔȍǫnjȥơȥɽǫʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ
- ƒȥʋơɭɢȶ˖ǫɽˊȶȥࢎ‘ơȟǫȇʠƇȍŔɭǬŔɭŔɽǬȥŔˊʠȟࡲ7ȶȇʠ
njǫɭȟơɽǫ࢏
- ƒȥʋɭŔŔɭʋǫȇʧȍơɭȇǬɭǬȇʋŔȇǬɭǬȇŹɃȍnjơɽǫȥơɽǫȥȶʽˊŔȍɽǬʽǬ
ŔȇǬȟǬȶȍʠȟɽʠ˖ơʋȇǫȍơɭࡲ
¶òþF¶á¶è¶òƒò-ƒè-č¡ò-èƒ%þ
ࡧ¡ȶ˖ŔǫȇɢŔʋʋơɭȥɢŔʋŔnjȥȶȟȶȥǫȇ
ࡧࠄ߿ˊŔʂʧɽʋʧơɭȇơȇ
ࡧòʠƇȍŔȥŔȥʽǫɭʧɽɢŔɭŔȟˊƃɽȶʽǫɭʧɽ
ࡧ¡ȶȥȶɽʋŔʋǫȇơȥɽǬȇʋǫŹǫŔˊǬ
ࡧòǬȇȍǬȇȍŔȟʠȍʋǫljȶȇŔȍƎǫɭ ࢎɢȶȍˊȶɽʋŔʋǫȇơȥɽǬȇ
ʽơɭʋơŹɭŔˊǬ࢏
ࡧĪơɭʋơŹɭŔ࡫ȇŔljŔ࡫ɢơȍʽǫɽʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠ
89
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ĵŔǐFȟŹȶȍǫɽǫ
‘ǬɭǬȇþơƎŔʽǫɽǫ
- ƃǫȍơȥǫȟȶŹǫȍǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥˊŔɢǬȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ‘ŔɢŔȍǬȇǬɭǬǐǬȥ
ŔƇǬȇȇǬɭǬȇǠŔȍǫȥơƎɃȥȟơɽǫʽơˊŔǐơȟŹȶȍǫɽǫɽơȥƎࡲ
Fȥnjơȍȍơȥǫɭࡲ
- ‘ơɽǫȥʋơƎŔʽǫɭơƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥ– ljǫȇɽŔɽˊȶȥ
- êɝǨɧŔȊʶƟȲŸȊǨȄȄǩɧǩȄȊŔɧƌŔLJɧŔNJȜŔȢȊŔɧǩȢƟǍɧǨʶƟ
NJƟȢǨɻȲȊȜŔɷǩǨ˃ǨȊƟɻȜƟ˃Ɵ˃ŔɧƌǩȜƟƌƟɧࡲ
č˖ʠȥȇơȟǫȇȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬʽơȟŔǿɃɭʋɭŔʽȟŔƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔ
ȇŔȥȇŔˊŔǐơȟŹȶȍǫȍơɭǫȥǫȥŹʠȍʠȥȟŔɽǬࢎࠁࠃ– ࠆࠁɽŔŔʋ࢏
¡Ŕǿȶɭ%ʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬ
ࡧèơɽɢǫɭŔʋʠŔɭˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫȇࢎáŔ¶ࠁऒࠅ߿࡫ɢŔ-¶ࠁऑࠄࠄ࢏
ࡧòơɭơŹɭŔȍʋʠʋʠȍʠȟࡪáơʋơʂǫŔȍȇŔȥŔȟŔȍŔɭ࡫ɭơʋǫȥŔȍ
ŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭ
Fɭȇơȥȇȶȟɢ
ࡧĵŔǐơȟŹȶȍǫɽǫ– njŔ˖ȍǬnjŔȥnjɭơȥ– ʋơʋŔȥȶɽ–
ǠơȟȶɭŔǿǫȇʂȶȇ
ࡧ¶ɽʋơȶȟˊơȍǫʋ
ࡧ‘ȶȟɢŔɭʋȟŔȥòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧ7ŔȟŔɭɽǫȥǫɭˊŔɭŔȍŔȥȟŔȍŔɭǬ
ࡧáȶɽʋʋɭŔʽȟŔʋǫȇɭơljȍơȇɽƎǫɽʋɭȶljǫࢎòʠƎơƃȇŔʋɭȶljǫɽǫ࢏
¡ǫȥȶɭŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭ
ࡧʋơʂࢎࠂࠈ-ࠃ߿࢏࡫ʋŔʂǫȇŔɭƎǫ࡫‘-ˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫ࡫ȶȍǫnjʧɭǫ࡫
Ŕȥʧɭǫ࡫Ŕȥơȟǫ࡫ʋɭŔȟŹȶɽǫʋȶɢơȥǫ࡫ȍɃȇȶɽǫʋȶ˖
þŔȥǬࡪĵŔǐnjȍȶŹʧȍǫȥȍơɭǫऋࠀȟŔǿȶɭऋࠃȟǫȥɃɭ
FȥɃȥơȟȍǫɃȥȍơȟȇǬɭǬǐǬȥơȥơɭȇơȥƎɃȥơȟƎơ
ǫȟŹȶȍǫ˖ơơƎǫȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
eŔ˖ȍǬeŔȥnjɭơȥ
ࡧ-ࡲɢɭljɭǫȥnjơȥɽ࡫ ȥȶʽˊ࡫ɽơɢʋǫƃʠȟ
ࡧqǫɢȶʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ࡫ʋŔʂǫȇŔɭƎǫ࡫Ŕȥʧɭǫ࡫Ǡơȟȶȍǫ˖࡫‘Ī
ȇȶȍŔɢɽ࡫Ƀȍʧȟ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ7ơŹɭǫƎȟŔȥ࡫zĪŔŹˊࡲŔȥʋǫʋȶȇɽǫȥ࡫ȇŔȥʋɭŔȥɽ࡫
Ǡǫɢơɭ¶ࠁ
‘ȶȟɢŔɭʋȟŔȥòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
- þɭŔʽȟŔ࡫ʋʧȟɃɭ࡫ˊŔȥǬȇ࡫ˊǬȍŔȥɽȶȇȟŔɽǬ࡫
ŔȥǿǫȶȥɃɭȶʋǫȇɃƎơȟ
- ‘ȶȟɢŔɭʋȟŔȥǫƇǫŹŔɽǬऑࠂ߿४ʽơȥɃ˖ȇȶȥǿơɽˊȶȥ¡e
- ɭʋơɭǫȶȍŔɭɽɢŔ˖ȟ४ǫȍȇŹơȍǫɭʋǫʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫŔǐɭǬࢎŹŔƃŔȇ
ʽơɃȥȇȶȍ࢏
- FɭȇơȥƎɃȥơȟƎơȥŔŹǬ˖ŔȍǬȥŔŹǫȍǫɭ࡫ǫȍơɭǫƎɃȥơȟƎơࠄ
áŹʠȍnjʠ¡e
- ǫȍȇࠁࠃɽŔŔʋʋơɽǫɭȇʧȍơɭŔȍƇǬȟʠʋȍŔȇŔȇȶȥʋɭȶȍ
ơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫƎơljŔɽǫȶʋȶȟǫˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
eơƇ‘ȶȟɢ
ࡧ‘ŔˊȥŔȟŔȟŔ ࢎơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥǫˊơʋơɭɽǫ˖ɭơƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥȥȶȥʠȥǫȶȥ࢏
ࡧ‘ʠɽʠɭȍʠȇŔˊȥȟŔ– ŹʧˊʧȟơȇʠɽʠɭȍŔɭǬ
ࡧʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭȥơȇɭȶ˖– ¶ɽʋơȶŔɭʋɭȶ˖
ࡧ¡ˊȶ˖ǫʋǫɽȶɽɽǫljǫȇŔȥɽ
ĪȶȍȇȟŔȥȥƒɽȇơȟǫȇ‘ȶȥʋɭŔȇʋʧɭʧ
- ÄȥȇȶȍʠȥȇȶȟɢŔɭʋȟŔȥɽơȥƎࡲ
- eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơऒࠀ߿ĵ
- ‘ȶȟɢȶɭʋȟŔȥǫƇǫȥƎơŹŔɽǬȥƇࠂ߿ȟȟqnjࢫˊǫnjơƇơɭɽơ
ʽơȥɃ˖ȇȶȥǿơɽˊȶȥȶȍʠɭࡲ
- òʠɢɭŔȇȶȥƎǫȍơɭǠʠȟơɭʠɽȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬȥƎŔࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇˊŔɭŔȍŔȥŔȥƎŔȟŔɭࡲŹɭŔƃǠǫŔȍǫɽ
1ȶȇǠǬ˖ȍǬȇǬɭǬȇɽʋŔŹǫȍǫ˖ơơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
90
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1ǬȇǬȇʋŔèơƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥ
- 1ǬȇǬȇȍŔɭƎŔƎǫɽʋŔȍɢŔɭƇŔƇơȇǫȍơɭơȇɭơƎʧȇʋơ
ơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
- ƇǬȇɭơƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
‘ȍǫȥǫȇ
- þɭŔʽȟŔƎŔȥŹǫɭȇŔƇɽŔŔʋɽȶȥɭŔɃȥȇȶȍƎŔƎơɭǫȥ
ʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫŔǐɭǬˊȍŔŹŔʂȍŔɭࡲ
- PŔǫȥࢎŔǐɭǬ࢏࡫PʠȍɽơȍơɽɽȥơɽɽࢎȥŔŹǬ˖ɽǬ˖ȍǬȇ࢏࡫PŔȍȍȶɭ
ࢎɽȶȍʠȇȍʠȇ࢏࡫PŔɭŔɽʋơ˖ǫ࡫PŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫ
- ‘ȶȥʋɭŔȇʋʧɭƎɃȥơȟǫȥƎơɢơȥƇơơȍ ȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
¶ɭʋȶɢơƎǫȇŔƃǫȍƎǫɭࡲƃǫȍljȶɽǫȶʋȶȟǫˊŔɢǬȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࠀࡲ7ȶȍŔʂǬȟŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠࢎȥŔŹǬ˖ŔȍǬȥȟŔȟŔɽǬ࢏
ࠁࡲèơƎʧȇʋơơƎǫȍơȟơˊơȥƇǬȇǬȇȍŔɭࢎŔɭŔƎŔƎȶȇʠ࢏
ࠂࡲèơƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥɽȶȥɭŔɽǬɽǫȥǫɭŔɭŔ˖Ǭ
‘ǬɭǬȇȍǬƇǬȇǬȇȍŔɭƎŔȇŔɢŔȍǬɭơƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥˊŔɢǬȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
ĪơɭʋơŹɭŔ‘ǬɭǬȇʽơ1ǬȇǬȇȍŔɭǬ
FȥɃȥơȟȍǫȥơƎơȥʋɭŔljǫȇȇŔ˖ŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
òơɭʽǫȇŔȍȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭࡲ
-ࠀ‘ǬɭǬǐǬࢎơljljơɭɽȶȥȇǬɭǬǐǬ࢏
%ŔʂŔƎŔɭŹơnjơȍȟơɽǫˊȍơ-ࠀࢫƎơŹʠɭɽʋࢎɢŔʋȍŔȟŔ࢏ ȇǬɭǬǐǬ
ȶȍʠʂȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲeơȥơȍƎơȥɃɭȶȍȶǿǫȇȇŔˊǬɢ࡫ŹȶˊʠȥŔǐɭǬɽǬ
ʽơɽơɭʋȍǫǐǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲࠂŔˊȍǬȇ ǠŔȍȶ ŔȍƇǬʠˊnjʠȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
òʠƎơƃȇʋɭȶljǫɽǫࢎèơljȍơȇɽòơȟɢŔʋǫȇ7ǫɽʋɭȶljǫ࢏
- þɭŔʽȟŔ࡫ƃơɭɭŔǠǫ࡫ȍȶȇŔȍ ʽơˊŔɽǫɽʋơȟǫȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ʋŔȇǫŹơȥʽŔ˖ȶȟȶʋȶɭljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠƎʠɭࡲ
- þɭŔʽȟŔ࡫ɭơljȍơˉˊȶȍȍŔʋơɭȟǫȥŔȍŔɭʋơɭȍơɭƎơƎơʽŔȟȍǬ
ʽŔ˖ȶɽɢŔ˖ȟŔ ȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲ
- FȍʽơŔˊŔȇʋŔʂǫʂȟơ࡫ǠŔɽɽŔɽǫˊơʋ࡫ɽȶǐʠȇȍʠȇ࡫
ʋơɭȍơȟơ࡫ɽǫˊŔȥȶ˖ǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲqŔɭơȇơʋȇǬɽǬʋȍǬǐǬƎŔǠŔnjơƇ
ȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
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ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫࡪòơȟɢŔʋǫȇŹȍȶȇ࡫ ɽơȟɢŔʋȶȍǫʋǫȇǫȍŔƇȍŔɭࡲ
,ࠄÚƟƌǨȄʠȊȄǩɧǩǍǩࢇoŔȢNJȜŔȢȄǩɧǩǍǩǝǨɝƟɧƟȄɷʄŔȢɷǨ˃ȲȢ࢈
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‘ǬɭǬȇȍŔɭƎŔŔƇǬȇɭơƎʧȇɽǫˊȶȥnjơɭơȇơȥƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭ
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- áŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȇȇǬɭǬȇ
- ȥŔƎŔȟŔɭˊŔɭŔȍŔȥȟŔȍŔɭǬȶȍŔȥȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭ
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- ‘ŔɢŔȍǬɭơƎʧȇʋơơƎǫȍơȟơˊơȥȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪࠁˊŔʂǬȥŔȇŔƎŔɭʧƇnjơȥŔɽȇǬ࡫ࠁˊŔʂʋŔȥɽȶȥɭŔ
ɽơȇǫ˖ŹŔȥƎŔǿǬˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
‘ȶɽʋŔȇǬɭǬǐǬȥƎŔŔǐɭǬˊǬnjǫƎơɭȟơȇƇȶȇɃȥơȟȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
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ŹȍȶȇŔǿǬƎǬɭࡲ
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¶ȟʠ˖1ǬȇǬȇȍŔɭǬ
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- ¶ȟʠ˖ȇŔɢɽʧȍʧȥʧȥ ŔȍʋʽơɃȥȇǬɽȟǬ ˊǬɭʋǬȍȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
¡ʠʋȍŔȇŔǫȇǫˊɃȥȍʧnjɭŔljǫƇơȇǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
- ȇɭȶȟǫȶȥࢫʠȥ ˊŔɢʋǬǐǬƇǬȇǬȥʋǬɢȶȍơʋ%ơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇʋŔɭǫljȍơȥǫɭࡲ
ÄŁF•‘zèz‘•è
¡ȶȥʋơnjnjǫŔȇǬɭǬȇȍǬƇǬȇǬǐǬࡪ čȍȥŔȇǬɭǬǐǬऋèŔƎǫʠɽŹŔʂǬ
ƇǬȇǬǐǬ
FɭȇơȥȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭࡪ áȍơȇɽʠɽŹɭŔȇǫŔȍǫɽ࡫Ŕȇɽǫȍȍơɭ
ɽǫȥǫɭ࡫ŔȇɽǫȍȍơɭŔɭʋơɭˊŔɭŔȍŔȥȟŔɽǬȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
eơƇ‘ȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭࡷáȶɽʋ-ʋɭŔʽȟŔʋǫȇŔɭʋɭǫʋ࡫
ǠʠȟơɭʠɽŹŔʂǬŔʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭȥơȇɭȶ˖ʠȟơˊƎŔȥŔ
njơȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
eȍơŔ˖˖ǫȇǬɭǬȇȍǬƇǬȇǬǐǬࡪ
èŔƎǫʠɽŔȍʋࠀࡸࠂǫȍơȶɭʋŔ
ࠀࡸࠂŹǫɭȍơʂǫȟˊơɭǫȥƎơʋɭŔȥɽʽơɭɽ ȇǬɭǬȇȍŔŹơɭŔŹơɭŔȍʋ
ɭŔƎǫȶʠȍȥŔɭƇǬȇǬȇࡲ
qʠȟơɭʠɽ‘ǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬ
- -ǫɽǫȟȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ¥ࡲɭŔƎǫŔȍǫɽ˖ơƎơȍơȥơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- 7ǫɽʋŔȍʠƇȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬȥƎŔĭȶȍȇȟŔȥȥǫɽȇơȟǫȇȇȶȥʋࡲ
ɭǫɽȇǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
-ȶȍȍơɽ‘ǬɭǬǐǬ
- èŔƎǫʠɽŔȍʋơȇȍơȟˊʧ˖ʧȥƎơȥࠂƃȟˊʠȇŔɭǬˊŔȇŔƎŔɭ
ȶȍŔŹǫȍơȥ࡫ƎǫɽʋŔȍɢŔɭƇŔȥǬȥƎȶɭɽŔȍơ࡫ɭŔƎǫŔȍơȇŔˊƎǬǐǬ
ʽơʋơɢơɽǫʽȶȍŔɭƎŔŔƃǬȍŔʂȟŔˊŔɢʋǬǐǬȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇŔʽʠƇǫƇǫȥơƎʧʂȟơȍơɭɽȶȥʠƃʠnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ò-áq¶ƒ7‘F¡ƒ‘
‘zèzhz
- FȍŹǫȍơǐǫʧ˖ơɭǫȥơ
ƎʧʂȟơȍơɭƎơơȥɽǬȇ
ɽƃŔɢǠȶǫƎȇơȟǫȇȇǬɭǬȍǬɭࡲ
- ࠂŔˊŔȍƇǬƎŔȇŔȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
- ĪŔɽȇʧȍơɭˊŔɢǬɽǬ
ˊơʋơɭɽǫ˖ȶȍƎʠǐʠȥƎŔȥ
Ŕɽơɢʋǫȇȥơȇɭȶ˖ŔnjǫƎơɭࡲ
òȟǫʋǠ‘ǬɭǬǐǬ
- FȍŹǫȍơǐǫɢŔȍȟŔɭljȍơˉǫˊȶȥƎŔˊȇơȥơȍǫȥɽǬɭʋǬȥŔ
Ǝʧʂȟơǫȍơȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
- -ȶȍȍơɽȇǬɭǬǐǬȥǬȥʋơɭɽǫŹǫɭȇǬɭǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
92
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%ơȥȥơʋ‘ǬɭǬǐǬࢎĵŁ࢏
ࠀࡲ¡ơʋŔȇŔɭɢȇŔǫƎơɽǫȥǫȥ ȇǬɭǬǐǬƇǬȇǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
7ǫ˖1ǬȇǬǐǬ
- FȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥʋɭŔljǫȇȇŔ˖ŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲࢎƎŔǠŔƇȶȇ
ŔȥʋơɭǫȶɭŔ࢏
- áȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭŔƇǬȇǬȇȍŔɭƎŔɢȶɢȍǫʋơŔȍŔɭʋơɭ
˖ơƎơȍơȥơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- ¡ʠʋȍŔȇŔŔȥǿǫnjɭŔljǫǫȍơȇȶȥʋɭȶȍơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
bơȟʠɭĔɽʋčƇ‘ǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬ
- eơȥơȍƎơऑࠅ߿ˊŔʂȶɽʋơȶɢȶɭȶʋǫȇȇŔƎǬȥȍŔɭƎŔ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- bơȟʠɭŹȶˊʠȥȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ࡫Ŕɽơɢʋǫȇȥơȇɭȶ˖
njơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ‘ŔˊȥŔȟŔ˖ȶɭƎʠɭࡲ
- -ơɭɭŔǠǫȶȍŔɭȇŔʋơƎŔʽǫơƎǫȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
bơȟʠɭ-ǫɽǫȟ‘ǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬ
- FȥɃȥơȟȍǫȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠ࡫ˊŔǐơȟŹȶȍǫɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
- þơƎŔʽǫƃơɭɭŔǠǫƎǫɭࡲƒȥʋɭŔȟơƎʧȍȍơɭƇǫʽǫȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
þǫŹǫŔ-ǫɽǫȟ‘ǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬ
- FɭǫʂȇǫȥȍơɭƎơơȥɽǬȇ njɃɭʧȍơȥʠ˖ʠȥȇơȟǫȇȇǬɭǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
ƇǬȇȇǬɭǬȇȶȍȟŔǫǠʋǫȟŔȍǫˊʧȇɽơȇʋǫɭࡲ
•þF‘òþèF¡ƒþF‘zèz‘ĪF1z‘z‘•èz
‘ŔȍƇŔ‘ǬɭǬȇʽơ1ǬȇǬȇȍŔɭǬ
áȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭ1ǬȇǬȇȍŔɭǬ
- FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥʋǫɢʋǫɭࡲ7ŔǠŔƇȶȇƎǫ˖ơ njơȍơȥʋɭŔʽȟŔ
ȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
- ¶ȟʠ˖ƇǬȇǬǐǬȥƎŔŔˉǫȍȍơɭɽǫȥǫɭʽơŔɭʋơɭ
ˊŔɭŔȍŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲɢȶȍơʋŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫࢎŔȥʋơɭǫȶɭƇǬȇǬȇʋŔ࢏
- qʠȟȟơɭʠɽƃǫɽǫȟȇǬɭǬǐǬȥƎŔơȥɽǬȇɭŔƎǫŔȍɽǫȥǫɭ
˖ơƎơȍơȥǫɭ࡮
- -ȶȍȍơɽȇǬɭǬǐǬȥƎŔȟơƎǫŔȥɽǫȥǫɭ˖ơƎơȍơȥǫɭࡲ
- 7ǫ˖ơȥƇȶȇŔȥʋơɭǫȶɭŔƇǬȇŔɭࡲáȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭƇǬȇǬȇȍŔɭƎŔ
ɢȶɢȍǫʋơŔȍŔɭʋơɭ˖ơƎơȍơȥǫɭࡲ
ȥʋơɭǫȶɭ1ǬȇǬȇȍŔɭǬ
- bơȟʠɭŹŔʂǬŔƃơʋŔŹʠȍʠȟɃȥʧȥƎơƎǫɭࡲbơȟȶɭŔȍ
ɽǫȥǫɭʋǠŔɽŔɭȍŔȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
93
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
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¶òþF¶‘¶¥7è¶Ł•è
- ‘ʧȥʋʋɭŔʽȟŔɽȶȥʠƃʠȥƎŔȶɭŹǫʋŔʋŔŹŔȥȇǬɽȟǬȥƎŔ
ɢŔʋȍŔȟŔʋŔɭ˖ǬȥƎŔŹǫɭȇǬɭǬȇȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
- ‘ǬɭǬȇǠŔʋʋǬȥƎŔȥȶɭŹǫʋŔǫƇǫŹŔ˖ǬȶȍʠʂʠȟȍŔɭ
ȟŔȇɽǫȍȍŔɭɽǫȥʧɽơƎȶǐɭʠǠơɭȥǫˊơȶȍʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
áơɭʋǠơɽqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬࡪ òʋơɭȶǫƎȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬɃȥơȟȍǫࡲ
bơȟʠɭŹŔʂǬȥǬȥŔɽơɢʋǫȇȥơȇɭȶ˖ʠࢎơȥɽǬȇ࢏ŔǐɭǬǫȍơ
njơȍǫɭࡲ
‘ȶǠȍơɭqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬࡪþŔɭɽŔȍȥŔʽǫȇʧȍơɭȇơȟǫǐǫȥ
¶ɽnjȶȶƎ-òƃǠȍŔʋʋơɭ qŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬࡪ þʠŹơɭȶɽǫʋŔɽʋǫŹǫŔȥǬȥ
‘ǫơȥŹȍȶƃȇqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬࡪ•ʠȥŔʋȇơȟǫǐǫȥ
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òƃǠơʠơɭȟŔȥࡪ ĪơɭʋơŹɭŔȍŔɭǬȥࢎȟǫȍˁŔȇˊȇŔɭɽơɽǫ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ࢏
bɭơǫŹơɭnjࡪࠁࡲ¡ơʋŔʋŔɭɽŹŔʂǬȥǬȥ
òǫȥƎǫȥnj-ȶǠŔȥɽȶȥ-•Ŕɭɽơȥࡪ áŔʋơȍȍŔŔȍʋȇʠʋŹʠȥʠȥ
áŔȥȥơɭqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬࡪ ‘ŔɢʠʋǠʠȟơɭǫȥǫȥŔʽŔɽȇʠȍơɭ
ȥơȇɭȶ˖ʠ
FȥȶljʋŔȍȟǫࢎnjɃ˖ȇʧɭơɽǫȥǫȥŔɭȇŔˊŔƎȶǐɭʠˊơɭ
Ǝơǐǫʂʋǫɭȟơɽǫ࢏
7ǫɢȍȶɢǫࢎƇǫljʋnjɃɭȟơ࢏
ĪơɭʋǫȇŔȍnjɃ˖ǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫȥƎơȇǬɽǬʋȍŔȥȟŔࢎeɃ˖ʧȥ
ˊŔʋŔˊǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫȥȶɭȟŔȍƎǫɭࡲ࢏
ƒȥljɭŔŔȍʽơȶȍơɭǫɽǫȥǫɭȥǠŔɽŔɭǬɽȶȥʠƃʠˊŔȥŔȇʋŔ
Ǡǫɢȶơɽʋơ˖ǫȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
¡¥7ƒ%蕑zèz‘•èz
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- ƒȥɽɢơȇɽǫˊȶȥƎŔˊʧ˖ƎơŔɽǫȟơʋɭǫ࡫ơȇǫȟȶ˖ˊŔƎŔ
ǠơȟŔʋȶȟʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲqŔɽʋŔȥǬȥŔǐ˖ǬŔƇǬȇʋǬɭ࡫ɽŔȍˊŔ
ƎǬʂŔɭǬˊŔŔȇŔɭࡲ
- ¶ȇȍʧ˖ˊȶȥʽơŔɭʋǫȇʧȍŔɽˊȶȥŹȶ˖ʠȍȟʠʂʋʠɭࡲ
- òʠŹǿơȇʋǫljŹʠȍnjʠȶȍŔɭŔȇ࡫ŔǐǬ˖ǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔ
ȇǬɭǬȇǠŔʋʋǬȥƎŔŔǐɭǬ࡫ʋɭŔʽȟŔɽǬɭɽǬȥƎŔǫȥʋɭŔŔȍʽơȶȍŔɭ
ɽǫȥǫɭȇơɽǫȍƎǫǫɽơȇǬɭǬǐǬȥƎǫɽʋŔȍǫȥƎơƎǫʂȍơɭƎơʽơ
ȟʠȇȶ˖ŔƎŔǠǫɽɽǫ˖ȍǫȇࢎĪǫȥƃơȥʋŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ࢏ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ŁǫnjȶȟŔ‘ǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ƒȥɽɢơȇɽǫˊȶȥƎŔ˖ǫnjȶȟŔʋǫȇŹɃȍnjơƎơơȇǫȟȶ˖ʽơ
ƇɃȇȟơnjɃ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ¶ŔȇȶŔɽˊǬȥƎŔȇɭơɢǫʋŔɽˊȶȥ
ŔȍǬȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ĵǫȥơȶɭŹǫʋŔŔȍʋȇơȥŔɭǬȥǬȥŔȍʋȇơȥŔɭǬȥǫƇʋơȥƎǬʂŔ
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ࡧFȥɽǬȇþࠃ– •ࠃʽơɭʋơŹɭŔŔɭŔɽǬ
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ࡧFȥɽǬȇljơȟʠɭƎǫɽʋŔȍǫ࡫ʋǫŹǫŔɢɭȶˉǫȟŔȍǫ࡫ȟơʋŔljǫ˖Ǝơ
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þơƎŔʽǫࡪȟɢʠʋŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ȇơȟȶʋơɭŔɢǫ࡫ɭŔƎˊȶʋơɭŔɢǫ
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ࡧáɭȶnjȥȶ˖ʠƎŔǠŔǫˊǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࠂ࢏‘ȶȥƎɭȶɽŔɭȇȶȟ
ࡧáɭǫȟơɭˊŔƎŔȶɽʋơȶȇȶȥƎɭȶȟŔɽơȇȶȥƎơɭnjơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭ
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ࡧèŔƎˊȶȍȶǿǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇɢŔʋȍŔȟǬʂȟǬɽǬɭ࡫ŔʋǬȍȟǬʂɢŔȟʠȇ
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96
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êȲǍŔȢˏŔɧǩŸƟȢˏƟɧǨȊŔȜƟȊȊƟɧ
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ࡧ¡Ŕȍǫnjȥʋȟ
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ࠁࡲƒȥŔˊŔǐǬȥŔƎƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥʽơǫȥʽơɭɽǫˊȶȥʠ
ࠂࡲþȶɢʠǐʠȥơȇǫȥʠɽ࡫ʽŔɭʠɽʽơǫȥʽơɭɽǫˊȶȥʠ
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ࡧFȥɽǬȇɢɭǫȟơɭȟŔȍǫnjȥȇơȟǫȇʋʧȟɃɭʧࢎࠁࡲ
ȶɽʋơȶɽŔɭȇȶȟ࢏
ࡧࠃ߿– ࠅ߿ˊŔʂ
ࡧĪơɭʋơŹɭŔʽơȇȶɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔŔǐɭǬˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
ࡧƒƎɭŔɭƎŔ%ơȥƃơ-ȶȥơɽ ɢɭȶɽơǫȥʧɭǫɽǫࢎȟȶȥȶȇȍȶȥŔȍ
ɽơɭŹơɽʋǠŔljǫlj˖ǫȥƃǫɭȍơɭ࢏
ŁǬȟŹŔƎơȍǫǐǫȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭࡪ •ǫʋǫȇȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭơȥɽǬȇ
ʽơɭʋơŹɭŔʽơȇŔljŔʋŔɽǬȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
Fȇǫȥʠɽࡪ ɭȇŔŔˊŔǐǬȥŔˊŔȇŹǫȍơǐǫȥƎơȥɢȍŔȥʋŔɭŔ
Ǝȶǐɭʠljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠࡲ
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- ‘ȍǫȥǫȇʋơơȥɽǬȇȇơȟǫȇŔǐɭǬȍŔɭǬʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇȥɃɭȶȍȶǿǫȇȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥ ʽơɭʋơŹɭŔƇɃȇȟơ
ȇǬɭǬǐǬȥŔŹŔǐȍǬɭŔƎǫȇʧȍȶɢŔʋǫࢎơȥɽǬȇʋȶɭŔȇŔȍʽơ
ȍʠȟŹŔɽŔȇɭŔȍ࢏
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ¡ơȍljŔȍŔȥऋáɭơƎȥǫ˖ȶȍŔȥ࡫ɭơȟǫɽˊȶȥƎŔȥ
ɽȶȥɭŔŔ-ǫȥʋơɭljơɭȶȥࡲ
ࠆ࢏¡ơʋŔɽʋŔʋǫȇ‘ơȟǫȇþʧȟɃɭȍơɭǫ
ࡧ‘ŔƎǬȥƎŔơȥɽǬȇȟơȟơƃŔ࡫ơɭȇơȇʋơơȥɽǬȇ ɢɭȶɽʋŔʋ
ƃŔࢫƎŔȥࡲ
ࡧऒࠀ࡫ࠄˊŔʂơȥɽǬȇȥɃɭȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟ
ࡧ‘ơȟǫǐơȶȍŔȥȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ȍŔɭǬȥƇȶǐʠȶɽʋơȶȍǫʋǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
ࡧȥƃŔȇɢɭȶɽʋŔʋʽơŹŔ˖ǬȟơȟơȇŔȥɽơɭȍơɭǫȥǫȥ
ȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ȍŔɭǬȶɽʋơȶŹȍŔɽʋǫȇȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ĪŔɭʠɽࡪɭȇŔŔˊŔǐǬȥŔƎƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥʽơǫȥʽơɭɽǫˊȶȥʠ
97
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ĪŔȍnjʠɽࡪ ɭȇŔŔˊŔǐǬȥŔŹƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥʽơơʽơɭɽǫˊȶȥʠ
98
Küçük Stajlar | 9. Dermatoloji
Dermatoloji
99
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
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Fáƒ7F衃ò
- òʋɭࡲ-ȶɭȥơʠȟࢎƒȥʽȶȍʠȇɭʠȟ–ƎʠƎŔȇʋŔˊȶȇʋʠɭ࢏
- òʋɭࡲȍʠƃǫƎʠȟࢎòŔƎơƃơơȍǫƇǫ-ŔˊŔȇʋŔŹŔȥǬ–FȍơǫƎǫȥ
ȟŔƎƎơɽǫǫƇơɭǫɭࡲ࢏
- òʋɭࡲòɢǫȥȶɽʠȟࡪ7ơɽȟȶ˖ȶȟ–•ŔȥnjơɭǠŔȥɽ
ࢎŹǫɭŹơƃȇ࢏ǠʧƃɭơɽǫǫƇơɭǫɭࡲࢎơȥȇŔȍǬȥơɢǫƎơɭȟǫɽ
ʋŔŹŔȇŔɽǬ࢏
- òʋɭࡲŹŔ˖ŔȍơࡪqơȟǫƎơɽȟȶ˖ȶȟ–ȟơȍŔȥȶɽǫʋ–¡ơɭȇơȍ
Ǡʧƃɭơȍơɭǫࢎȟǫʋȶ˖ʠȥȶȍƎʠǐʠʋŔŹŔȇŔ࢏
7F衃ò
òʋɭࡲáŔɢǫȍȍŔɭơ
Fȍơȟơȥʋơɭ•ơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭ
òʋɭࡲèơʋǫȇʧȍŔɭơࡪFȥƎŔˊŔȥǬȇȍǬƎơɭǫʋŔŹŔȇŔɽǬࢎʋơɭ࡫
ˊŔǐ࡫ȟơȇȶȥȶɭơɽơɢʋɃɭȍơɭ࡫ɽǫȥǫɭʠƇȍŔɭǬ࡫ȟơȍŔȥȶɽǫʋ–
¡ơɭȇơȍǠʧƃɭơȍơɭǫ࡫ȟơǫɽɽȥơɭƃǫɽǫȟȍơɭǫ࢏
áɭǫȟơɭ
5ƟɧȜǨɷʄƟȄǨɝŔɝǨȊȊŔȊŔɧǩȢ ƟɝǨƌƟɧȜǨɷǨƅǨȢƟƌȲǍɧʙŔɻǩɧǩ
ʙˏŔȜŔɷǩɝŔɝǨȊȲȜȜŔʄȲˏࢪƌʙɧࡲ
¡Ŕȇʧȍ४ऒࠄȟȟơʋɭŔljȍŔŔˊȥǬɽơʽǫˊơ
áŔɢʧȍ४ऑࠄȟȟƎơɭǫƎơȥȇŔŹŔɭǬȇɽơɭʋɽȶȍǫƎ
¥ȶƎʧȍ४ऑࠄȟȟƎơɭǫȥƎơɭǫƎơȥȇŔŹŔɭǬȇɽȶȍǫƎ
Īơ˖ǫȇʧȍ४ऒࠄȟȟǫƇǫɽʠƎȶȍʠ
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áơʋơʂǫ४þȶɢȍʠǫǐȥơŹŔʂǬơɭǫʋɭȶɽǫʋơȇɽʋɭŔʽŔ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥʠ
áʠɭɢʠɭŔ४ऒࠁȟȟơɭǫʋɭȶɽǫʋơȇɽʋɭŔʽŔ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥʠ
Fȇǫȟȶ˖४ऑࠁȟȟơɭǫʋɭȶɽǫʋơȇɽʋɭŔʽŔ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥʠ
100
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
Fȍơȟơȥʋơɭ•ơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭ
òơȇȶȥƎơɭ
‘ʠɭʠʋ४•ơ˖ˊȶȥʠȥȇʠɭʠȟʠʂɽơɭʋǠŔȍǫ
FȇɽȇȶɭǫŔɽˊȶȥ४‘ŔʂǬȥʋǬǫȍơƇǫ˖ǫȍȟơ
Fɭȶ˖ˊȶȥ४FɢǫƎơɭȟǫɽʋơƎȶȇʠȇŔˊŹǬ
•ǫȇơȥǫljǫȇŔɽˊȶȥ४‘ŔʂǬȥʋǬǫȍơȇŔŹŔɭȟŔ
Ĕȍɽơɭ४FɢǫƎơɭȟǫɽʽơƎơɭȟǫʂǫȥƎȶȇʠȇŔˊŹǬ
òȇŔɭ४bǫŹɭȶ˖ǫȍơǫˊǫȍơʂȟơ
òȇʠŔȟ४‘ơɢơȇȍơȥȟơࢎɽʋࡲ‘ȶɭȥơʠȟ࢏
FɢǫƎơɭȟǫɽ7ơǐǫʂǫȇȍǫȇȍơɭǫ
qǫɢơɭȇơɭŔʋȶ˖४òʋࡲ‘ȶɭȥơʠȟȇŔȍǬȥȍǬǐǬȥǬȥŔɭʋȟŔɽǬ
áŔɭŔȇơɭŔʋȶ˖४qǫɢơɭȇơɭŔʋȶ˖ऋ‘ơɭŔʋǫȥȶɽǫʋǠʧƃɭơ
ƇơȇǫɭƎơȇʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ
ȇŔȥʋȶ˖ǫɽ४FɢǫƎơɭȟǫɽǫȥȇŔȍǬȥȍŔʂȟŔɽǬ
ȇŔȥʋȶȍǫ˖ǫɽ४FɢǫƎơɭȟŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍơɭǫȥŹǫɭŹǫɭǫȥƎơȥ
ŔˊɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ
òɢȶȥnjǫȶ˖ǫɽ४ƒȥȟʋơɭɽơȍȍʧȍơɭŔɭŔȍǬǐǬȥŔɭʋȟŔɽǬ
áŔɢʧȍȶɽȇʠŔȟɃ˖qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇŔɭ
ࡧáǫʋɭǫŔ˖ǫɽɭơȶɽơ
ࡧ•ǫƃǠơȥɢȍŔȥʠɽ
ࡧáɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽ
ࡧáŔɭŔɢɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽࢎȟǫȇȶǫƎơɽljʠȥnjȶǫƎơɽơƎɃȥʧʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ࢏
101
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
‘ȶơŹȥơɭࢎȇɃŹȥơɭ࢏bơȥȶȟơȥǫࡪqơɭǠŔȥnjǫŹǫɭɽơŹơɢȍơ
ʋɭŔʽȟŔˊŔʠǐɭŔˊŔȥˊơɭȍơɭƎơȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥ
njơȍǫʂȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
‘Ä%¥Fèᶣƒþƒbqòþ•z‘•è
ࡧáɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽ
ࡧ•ǫȇơȥɢȍŔȥʠɽ
ࡧĪǫʋǫȍǫnjȶ
ࡧáǫʋɭǫŔ˖ǫɽèȶ˖ơŔ
ࡧ¡ȶȍȍʠɽȇʠȟ
áòÄèƒŁƒò
ÚɷȾɧǨŔˏǨɷžʙȄȲˏŔȊŔɧǩõʙʄȜŔˏ࡯
-FɭǫʋơȟŔʋɃ˖ɢȍŔȇ-ȥȶȥ-ǫȥljơȇɽǫˊɃ˖࡫ȇएơ
-qǫɢơɭɢɭȶȍǫljơɭŔʋǫljƎơɭǫǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
-FɢǫƎơɭȟǫɽˊơȥǫȍơȥȟơ˖ŔȟŔȥǬŔ˖ŔȍȟǬʂ
ࢎɢŔɭŔȇơɭŔʋȶ˖࢏࡫ࠁࠇnjʧȥƎơȥࠃnjʧȥơƎʧʂȟʧʂ
ࠀࡲ‘ɭࡲáȍŔȇáɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽࢎáࡲĪʠȍnjŔɭǫɽ࢏
-FȥɽǬȇʋǫɢࢎहࠈ߿࢏
-‘ơɽǫȥɽǬȥǬɭȍǬơɭǫʋơȟȍǫ࡫ɽȇʠŔȟȍǬɢȍŔȇȍŔɭ
-हࠂ߿ǠŔɽʋŔƎŔnjơȥǫʋŔȍʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʽơʋǬɭȥŔȇ
Ǝơǐǫʂǫȇȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫ
Fʋǫˊȶȍȶǿǫ
ࡧFȥŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥljŔȇʋɃɭʋɭŔʽȟŔƎǬɭࡲࢇȄȲƟŸȢƟɧLJƟȢȲȜƟȢǨ࢈
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ࠁࡲFɭǫʋɭȶƎơɭȟǫȇɢɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽ
-ĪʧƃʠƎʠȥहࠇ߿ljŔ˖ȍŔɽǬơɭǫʋơȟऋɽȇʠŔȟȇŔɢȍǬ
-qǫɢȶʋơɭȟǫ࡫‘ĵऋ࡫¡ȶɭʋŔȍȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
bǫ˖ˊȶɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫ
-FɢǫƎơɭȟŔȍǠǫɢơɭɢɭȶȍǫljơɭŔɽˊȶȥࢎŔȇŔȥʋȶ˖ǫɽ࢏
-áŔɭŔȇơɭŔʋȶ˖ࡪqǫɢơɭȇơɭŔʋȶ˖ऋȇơɭŔʋǫȥȶɽǫʋǠʧƃɭơ
ƇơȇǫɭƎơȇʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ
-áŔɢǫȍȍȶȟŔʋȶ˖ǫɽ
ࠂࡲáʧɽʋʧȍơɭáɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽ
-eơŹơƎơnjơȥơɭŔȍǫ˖ơɢʧɽʋʧȍơɭɢɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽơǫȟɢơʋǫnjȶ
ǠơɭɢơʋǫljȶɭȟǫɽƎơȥǫɭࡲࢎࠂࡲʋɭǫȟơɽʋơɭ࢏
-áʧɽʋʧȍȍơɭŔǐɭǬȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࠃࡲeʠʋʋŔʋáɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽ
-eơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơƇȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔĔòĵFࢫʠȥʠʋŔȇǫŹơȥȶɭʋŔˊŔ
ƇǬȇŔɭࡲáɭȶnjȥȶ˖ʠƇȶȇǫˊǫƎǫɭࡲ
-B-ǠơȟȶȍǫʋǫȇɽʋɭơɢʋȶȇȶȇȍŔɭŔɽơȇȶȥƎơɭ
-7ŔȟȍŔʂơȇȍǫȥƎơȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ࠄࡲɭʋɭȶɢŔʋǫȇáɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽ
-7ǫɽʋŔȍǫȥʋơɭljŔȍŔȥnjơŔȍơȇȍơȟȍơɭʋʠʋʠȍʠɭࡲ
-ɭʋɭǫʋǫɽȟʠʋǫȍŔȥɽŔȥơƎơȥȶȍʠɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫ
þȶɢǫȇŔȍࡪȥʋɭŔȍǫȥ࡫òʋơɭȶǫƎȍơɭ࡫7ࠂĪǫʋŔȟǫȥǫ
bȶʋȶʋơɭŔɢǫࡪáčĪࢎɢɽȶɭŔȍơȥʽơʠȍʋɭŔʽǫˊȶȍơ–
‘ŔʋŔɭŔȇʋʽơƎơɭǫ-࡮࢏
òǫɽʋơȟǫȇࡪ¡ơʋȶʋɭơˉŔʋ࡫ĪǫʋࡲƎơʽɭǫˊơȍơɭǫ࡫ɽǫȇȍȶɽɢȶɭǫȥ
‘ȍǫȥǫȇ
-FȥɽǬȇƎǫ˖࡫Ǝǫɭɽơȇ࡫ɽŔƇȍǬƎơɭǫʋʠʋʠȍʠɭࡲ
- òǫȟơʋɭǫȇ࡫ơȇɽʋŔȥɽɃɭˊʧ˖ơˊȍơɭƎơnjʧȟʧʂɭơȥȇȍǫ࡫ǫˊǫ
ɽǬȥǬɭȍǬ ࢇɻǨɻȜŔȢȊŔɧƌŔʶƟȄŔʄȊŔȢʄǩŸȾȊNJƟȊƟɧǨȢƌƟ
LJȊƟȄɷȾɧȲȊŔŸǨȊǨɧࡲ࢈
- ¡ʠȥɭȶȟǫȇɭȶŔŹɽơȍơɭǫࡪ¥ɃʋɭȶljǫȍȇʧȟơȍơɭǫȥƎơȥ
ȶȍʠʂŔȥ
- ¡ʠȟȍơȇơɽǫŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫࡪòȇȍʠŔȟȍŔɭǬȥȇŔ˖ŔȥǬȥƃŔ
ɢȍŔȇʋŔȇǫnjɃɭʧȥʋʧ
- ʠʋ˖ɢǫʋ˖ŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫࡪòȇʠŔȟȍŔɭȇŔȍȇǬȥƃŔȇŔȥŔȟ
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FˉʋŔȥơɭƃơɢʋ࡫ȍơljŔƃơɢʋࢎznjeࢫȥǫȥbƃŹɃȍnjơɽǫȥǫ
ǫƇơɭơȥljʧ˖ˊȶȥɢɭȶʋơǫȥǫƎǫɭࡲ࢏
FljŔȍǫ˖ʠȟŔŹࢎ-7ࠀࠀࢫǫȥ•b-ࠀ˖ǫȥƃǫɭǫȥơȇŔƎŔɭ
njơȍǫʂʋǫɭǫȍȟǫʂ¡-࢏
ƒȥljȍǫˉǫȟŔŹࢎþ¥bȍljŔȇŔɭʂǬ¡-࢏
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Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
áɽɃɭǫŔ˖ǫɽʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥˊơȥǫŹǫˊȶȍȶǿǫȇ
ŔǿŔȥȍŔɭࡪƎŔȍǫȟʠȟŔŹ࡫čɽʋơȇǫȥʠ¡ŔŹòơƃʠȇǫȥʠȟŔŹ
•ƒ‘F¥á•¥čò
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-ȇʠʋ-ȇɭࡲFȥljࡲqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
-FʋˊȶȍȶǿǫƎơq-ĪɃȥơȟȍǫƎǫɭࡲqzĪ࡫7-áơȥǫɽǫȍŔȟǫȥŔȍʋǬȥ-ƃǫʽŔ
-áȶȍǫnjȶȥŔȍȟȶɭ-ȟơȥơȇʂơɭơȥnjǫɢŔɢʧȍǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
-qǫɢơɭɢǫnjȟơȥʋŔɽˊȶȥŹǬɭŔȇǬɭࡲƒ˖ȇŔȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
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-FȥɽǬȇơȍ-ŔˊŔȇŹǫȍơȇȍơɭǫȥƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
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ࡧáȶȍǫnjȶȥŔȍ
ࡧáŔɢʠȍơ
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ࡧáʠɭɢȍơ
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þǬɭȥŔȇ
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ŔˊɭǬʂȟŔ࢏ʽơ
ȶȥǫȇȶȟŔƎơ˖ǫɽ
ࢇʄǩɧȢŔȄʄŔŔ˃ɧǩȊȜŔ࢈
ȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
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Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
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-FʋˊȶȍȶǿǫƎơqqĪࠅʽơࠆ
-òȇɭʠȟȍŔɭǬȥǫƇơŹŔȇŔȥȇǬɽǬȟȍŔɭǬȇŔȍȇǬȇ
ȶȍƎʠǐʠȥƎŔȥࢨˊŔȇŔȍǬȇࢩŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ
‘ǬʽɭǬȟȍŔɭƎŔȇǫȶʽŔȍȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭƎơɭǫƇǫ˖njǫȍơɭǫȥơ
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ȇȶɭʋǫȇȶɽʋơɭȶǫƎȍơɭȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
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1ŔǐɭǬʂǬȟȍŔɭƎŔɽŔɢȟŔȍŔɭࡪ
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-òɃ˖ƃʧȇɽŔȍŔʋŔɽǬࢎơȥȇȶǠơɭŔȥɽ࢏
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ŽǨɻǨȢǨȢɻǨȜƌǨ࡬NJƟƅȜǨɻʄƟ˃ŔɻŔƌǩȄȊŔɧǩȢǩ
ŔȢǩȜɷŔ˃ŔŸǨȊȜƟ˃ƟʄƟȢƟǍǨƌǨɧࡲ
ȟȥơ˖ǫࡪBơȍȍơȇȇŔˊŹǬƎơȟơȇʋǫɭࡲ
èơʋɭȶnjɭŔƎ– ȥʋơɭȶnjɭŔƎŔȟȥơ˖ǫࡪ‘ŔljŔʋɭŔʽȟŔɽǬ࡫
ʋȶȇɽǫȥʽɽࡲȶɭnjŔȥǫȇȥơƎơȥȍơɭơŹŔǐȍǬnjơȍǫʂơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
‘ȶȥljŔŹʠȍŔɽˊȶȥࡪ%ơȍȍơȇʋơȇǫŹȶʂȍʠȇȍŔɭǬȥnjơɭƇơȇʋơ
ȶȍȟŔˊŔȥŔȥǬȍŔɭȍŔ࡫ŹǫȍǫȥƇƎǬʂǬȶȍŔɭŔȇƎȶȍƎʠɭʠȍȟŔɽǬ
ƎơȟơȇʋǫɭࡲÄ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơȇȶɭɽŔȇȶljɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠȥƎŔ
ࢎŔȍȇȶȍʧȥȇɭȶȥǫȇƎɃȥơȟƎơˊȶȍŔƇʋǬǐǬȇŔȍǬƃǬŔȟȥơɽʋǫȇ
Źȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ࢏njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
áòƒ‘¶þƒ‘qòþ•z‘•è
ࢇcƟɧƅƟǍǨƌƟǍƟɧȊƟȢƌǨɧȜƟ˃ƟʄǨɷǨŸȲˏʙȄ࢈
ࡧ÷ǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫ
ࡧ÷ǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫljȶɭȟŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
ࡧ÷ǫ˖ȶŔȇʋǫljŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
ࡧòŔȥɭǬȍǬŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
ࡧ‘ǬɽŔɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
ࡧáŔˊȍŔʂǬȍȟǬʂɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࢎȇŔȍƎǬɭǬȍƎǬ࢏
ࡧeơȥơȍʋǬŹŹǫƎʠɭʠȟŔŹŔǐȍǬɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
ࡧ¡ŔƎƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬȥǬȥˊȶȍŔƇʋǬǐǬɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
‘ȍǫȥǫȇ
- qŔȍǫɽʧȍŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭࢎơȥɽǬȇǫʂǫʋɽơȍ࢏
- òŔȥɭǬȍŔɭࢎɢơɭɽơȇʧɽˊȶȥ࡫njɭŔƎǫˊɃ˖ʽɽࡲ࢏
-òɃ˖ƃʧȇɽŔȍŔʋŔɽǬࢎơȥȇȶǠơɭŔȥɽ࢏࡫ȥơȶȍȶǿǫ˖ȟࢎɽɃ˖ƃʧȇ
ʠˊƎʠɭʠɭȍŔɭ࢏࡫ơȇȶȍŔȍǫࡲ
-%ŔȇǬȟɽǬ˖࡫Ƈơʽɭơˊȍơǫȍnjǫɽǫ˖࡫Ŕljljơȇʋơȇʧȥʋȍʧȇ࡫ǫƇơ
ȇŔɢŔȥȟŔ
-‘ŔʋŔʋȶȥǫ࡫ŔȟŹǫʽŔȍŔȥɽࢎŔˊȥǬŔȥƎŔljŔɭȇȍǬƎʠˊnjʠȍŔɭ࢏
÷ƒŁ¶bèF¥ƒ
7ò¡ĪࢫơnjɃɭơʂǫ˖ȶ˖ljɭơȥǫʋŔȥǬɽǬǫƇǫȥ
-7ʧʂʧȥƃơ࡫ŔȍnjǬ࡫ȟȶȶƎ࡫ȇǫʂǫȍǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇ
-áɭơʽŔȍŔȥɽहࠀ
-Fɭȇơȇࠀࠄ–ࠁࠄˊŔʂ
-‘ŔƎǬȥࠁࠄ–ࠂࠄˊŔʂ
-eơȥơʋǫȇࢎȟȶȥȶ˖ǫnjȶʋǫȇǫ˖ȇŔɭƎơʂʋơɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ࢏
-FȥɽǬȇɃȍʧȟȥơƎơȥǫ ǫȥʋǫǠŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
‘ŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫɽʋǫȇŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭ
ࡧòŔȥɭǬȍŔɭ
ࡧĪŔɭɽŔȥǬȍŔɭ
ࡧ7ơ˖ȶɭnjŔȥǫ˖ơȇȶȥʠʂȟŔࢎ‘ơȥƎǫȍǫǐǫȥƎơȥȇȶȥʠʂȟŔ
ȟǫȇʋŔɭǬŔ˖ŔȍȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ‘ǬɽŔƃʧȟȍơȍơɭȍơˊŔƎŔƇȶȇŔ˖
ȇȶȥʠʂʠɭࡲ࢏
ࡧ7ơ˖ȶɭnjŔȥǫ˖ơˊŔƎŔȇŔʋȶʋȶȥǫȇƎŔʽɭŔȥǬʂ
ࡧ¥ơnjŔʋǫljŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭ
-7ȶɢŔȟǫȥơʋȇǫȥȍǫǐǫȥƎơŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥŔɭʋǬʂʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
-e%ŔȇʋǫʽǫʋơɽǫŔ˖ŔȍȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
-‘ȶɭʋǫȇŔȍŔʋɭȶljǫ࡫ȍŔʋơɭŔȍʽơࠂࡲĪơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍȍơɭƎơ
njơȥǫʂȍơȟơ࡫ljɭȶȥʋŔȍȍȶŹȍǫȟŹǫȇɽǫɽʋơȟʽơŹŔ˖Ŕȍ
njŔȥnjȍǫȶȥŔȥȶɭȟŔȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
-ࠅŔˊɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭƎơʽŔȟơʋȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
-eơȥơȍƎơŹǫȍǫȥƇŔƇǬȇʋǬɭࡲ%ơȍȍơȇʽơȶɭˊŔȥʋŔɽˊȶȥ
ࢎˊɃȥơʋǫȟ࢏ȥȶɭȟŔȍƎǫɭŔȟŔnjơɭƇơǐǫƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭȟơ
ˊơʋȇǫɽǫŹȶ˖ʠȍȟʠʂʋʠɭࢎɢɽǫȇȶ˖࢏ࡲ
-þȶɢȍʠȟɽŔȍȟơɽȍơȇǫǫʂȍơʽŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠȶȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
-%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭǫơȥŔ˖ࠅŔˊƎǬɭŔɭŔȍǬȇɽǬ˖
ɽʧɭȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
-7ʠˊnjʠƎʠɭʠȟŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠȥʠȥƎǬʂȍŔȥȟŔɽǬ
-¡ŔƎƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬʽơnjơȥơȍʋǬŹŹǫƎʠɭʠȟʠȥ
ƎǬʂȍŔȥȟŔɽǬ
÷ǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫþǫɢȍơɭǫࢎ‘ŔȍƎǬɭǬȍƎǬ࢏
áŔɭŔȥȶǫƎʂǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫ
-FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥʋǫɢ࡫ɢơɭɽơȇʧʋʠŔɭʽơnjɭŔȥƎǫˊɃ˖
ɽŔȥɭǬȍŔɭȍŔȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
-ƒȍơɭǫˊŔʂ
¢ȲɧƟɝǨȢƟLJɧǨȢȾˏƟȊȊǨȄȊƟɝŔɧŔȢȲǨƌʄǨɝʄƟ
ŔɧʄȜǩɻʄǩɧࡲ
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ŹʠȍʠȥȟŔɽǬ
ࡧáȶ˖ǫʋǫljɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬȥȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧáɭơȟȶɭŹǫƎ࡫ɽȶɽˊŔȍ࡫ɽơȇɽʧơȍʽơǫʂȍơʽɽơȍȍǫǐǫȥǫˊǫ
ȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧFʽȍǫȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧòȶɽˊŔȍƎơɽʋơǐǫȥǫˊǫȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧ‘ŔƎǬȥƃǫȥɽǫˊơʋ
ࡧƒȍŔƇȍŔơɭȇơȥʋơƎŔʽǫʽŔɭ
ࡧ%ŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇʋŔȇǫǫȍŔƃŔˊŔȥǬʋʽŔɭ
-‘ɭȶȥǫȇŔȟljơʋŔȟǫȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬɢŔɭŔȥȶǫƎʂǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫ
Źơȥ˖ơɭǫɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭ
ˊɭǬʂȟŔȟǬʂ÷ǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫ
-ࠁࡲơȥɽǬȇʋǫɢ
-%ǫɭƎơȥljŔ˖ȍŔʋǫɢǫȥɃ˖ơȍȍǫǐǫȥǫʋŔʂǬɭ࡫ŔȥƃŔȇǠǫƇŹǫɭ
ŹơȍǫɭʋǫŹŔɽȇǬȥƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡲࢎɢŔɭŔȥȶǫƎ࡫Ǝơ˖ȶɭnjŔȥǫ˖ơˊŔ
ƎŔȇŔʋȶʋȶȥǫȇʋǫɢơʠˊȟŔ˖ࡲ࢏
7ơ˖ȶɭnjŔȥǫ˖ơࢎǠơŹơljɭơȥǫȇ࢏÷ǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫ
-7ơ˖ȶɭnjŔȥǫ˖ơȇȶȥʠʂȟŔࢎɽŔƇȟŔȍŔȟŔ࡫ơȥȇȶǠơɭŔȥɽࡪ
ɽŔȍŔʋŔ࢏ʽơƎŔʽɭŔȥǬʂ࡫ȇʧȥʋ-ƎȶȥʠȇˊŔƎŔʠˊnjʠȥɽʠ˖
ŔljljơȇʋơȥɃȥơȟȍǫɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇࡲ
-eơȥƇˊŔʂʋŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭʽơʋơƎŔʽǫˊơƎǫɭơȥƇȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
-1ȶƃʠȇɽʠȍʠȇʽơȥȶȥ-ɽǫɽʋơȟŔʋǫ˖ơɽŔȥɭǬɃȥ
ɢȍŔȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
‘Ƀʋʧáɭȶnjȥȶ˖
ࡧFɭȇơȥŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇࢎࠁ߿ࢫƎơȥɃȥƃơ࢏
ࡧáɭơɽǫɢǫʋơơƎǫƃǫljŔȇʋɃɭȶȍȟŔȟŔɽǬ
ࡧ‘ɭȶȥǫȇࢎɽǫȥɽǫ࢏ŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇ
ࡧǫȍơɃˊȇʧɽʧȥƎơʂǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫǠǫȇŔˊơɽǫŹʠȍʠȥȟŔɽǬ
ࡧ¥ơnjŔʋǫljɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬȥȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧáɭơȟȶɭŹǫƎ࡫ɽȶɽˊŔȍ࡫ɽơȇɽʧơȍʽơǫʂȍơʽɽơȍȍǫǐǫȥȇɃʋʧ
ȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧeơɭǫˊơƇơȇǫȍȟơʽơȶʋǫɽʋǫȇƎŔʽɭŔȥǬʂȍŔɭǬȥȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧ%ơȇŔɭ࡫ŹȶʂŔȥȟǬʂʽơˊŔƎʠȍȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧòȶɽˊŔȍƎơɽʋơǐǫȥȇɃʋʧȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧFɭȇơȇƃǫȥɽǫˊơʋ
ࡧƒȍŔƇȍŔơɭȇơȥʋơƎŔʽǫˊȶȇ࡫ŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇʋŔȇǫǫȍŔƃŔˊŔȥǬʋ
ˊȶȇ
ࡧ¥ɃɭȶȍȶǿǫȇŹʠȍnjʠʽơɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬȥȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧáơɭǫȥŔʋŔȍʋɭŔʽȟŔɃˊȇʧɽʧ
ࡧࠂˊǬȍǫƇǫȥƎơǠǫƇɭơȟǫɽˊȶȥȶȍȟŔȟŔɽǬ࡫Ƈȶȇ
ɭơȍŔɢɽȍŔɭȍŔnjǫʋȟơɽǫ
èơ˖ǫƎʧơȍ÷ǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫ
-FɽŔɽȶȍŔɭŔȇȥơnjŔʋǫljŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭǫȥɃȥơƇǬȇʋǬǐǬʽơ
ɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭǫȥŹŔɽȇǬȍŔȥƎǬǐǬʋǫɢʋǫɭࡲ
‘Ŕʋȶʋȶȥǫȇ÷ǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫ
-þơȟơȍŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭɢɽǫȇȶȟȶʋȶɭƎʠɭࡲqŔȍʧɽǫȥŔɽˊȶȥ
ƇȶȇȥŔƎǫɭࡲ
-7ǫǐơɭŹơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭࡷơȇɽǫʋŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ɽʋʠɢȶɭ࡫
ȟʠʋǫ˖ȟࢎȇȶȥʠʂȟŔ˖࢏࡫ɭǫǿǫƎǫʋơ࡫ɢȶɽʋʠɭŔȍȟŔ࡫
ŹŔȍȟʠȟʠȇŔʋǬȍǬǐǬ
-¥ơnjŔʋǫʽǫ˖ȟࢎǠŔɭơȇơʋơʋʋǫɭȟơˊơˊɃȥơȍǫȇʋʧȟ
ƇŔŹŔȍŔɭŔƎǫɭơȥƇnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭ࡫ˊơȟơ˖࡫ǫƇȟơ˖࢏
-þơȇF‘þơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠȶȍŔȥʽơF‘þࢫˊơơȥǫˊǫˊŔȥǬʋ
ʽơɭơȥʋǫɢʋǫɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫ
-7ơɽʋơȇȍơˊǫƃǫɢɽǫȇȶʋơɭŔɢǫ࡫ƎŔʽɭŔȥǬʂʋơɭŔɢǫȍơɭ
-ȥʋǫɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇȍơɭ
ࢎऋ࢏òơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭ
ࡧqŔȍȍʧɽǫȥŔɽˊȶȥࡪƒʂǫʋɽơȍ࡫njɃɭɽơȍ࡫ȇȶȇʠ࡫ƎȶȇʠȥȟŔࡲ
ࡧqơ˖ơˊŔȥࡪáơɭɽơȇʧɽˊȶȥ࡫ɢŔɭŔȥȶǫƎ࡫njɭŔȥƎǫˊɃ˖ʽɽࡲ
ࡧƃŔˊǫɢ7ŔʽɭŔȥǬʂࡪnjɭơɽˊȶȥ࡫ȇȶȥʠʂȟŔƎŔ
Ǝʧ˖ơȥɽǫ˖ȍǫȇࡲ
ࡧ‘ŔʋŔʋȶȥǫ
þŔɭƎǫʽ7ǫɽȇǫȥơ˖ǫ
-¶ɭŔljŔɽǫˊŔȍȍǫȥnjʠŔȍǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭȍơȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơ
-%Ŕ˖ŔȍnjŔȥnjȍǫȶȥȍŔɭȍŔƎȶɢŔȟǫȥǠǫɢơɭɽơȥɽǫʋǫʽǫʋơɽǫ
-‘ȍȶ˖ŔɢǫȥǠŔɭƃǫȥƎơȇǫǫȍŔƇȍŔɭȍŔȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࢎ-࢏òơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭ
ࡧljljơȇʋǫlj‘ʧȥʋȍʧȇࡪ7ʠˊnjʠȍŔȥǬȟƎŔŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ࡫
ȇʧȥʋȍơʂȟơ
ࡧȍȶǿǫࡪ‘ȶȥʠʂȟŔƎŔʽơƎʧʂʧȥƃơƎơljŔȇǫɭȍơʂȟơ
ࡧɽȶɽˊŔȍȍǫȇࡪʂǬɭǬǫƇơȇŔɢŔȥȟŔ࡫ʋȶɢȍʠȟƎŔȥ
Ƈơȇǫȥȟơ
¥ɃɭȶȍơɢʋǫȇȟŔȍǫnjȥɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
-¶ʋȶȟǫȇƎǫɽljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥ࡫Ǡǫɢơɭʋơɭȟǫ࡫ɭǫǿǫƎǫʋơ࡫ŹǫȍǫȥƇ
ŹʠȍŔȥǬǐǬʽơȟˊȶnjȍȶŹǫȥơȟǫ
-7Ŕȥʋɭȶȍơȥ
÷ǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫljȶɭȟŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࡪ%ơȍǫɭʋǫȍơɭࠀ–ࠅŔˊŔɭŔɽǬ
ɽʧɭơɭࡲ%ʠȥʠȥƎǬʂǬȥƎŔʂǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫƎơȥljŔɭȇǬˊȶȇʋʠɭࡲ
ƒˊǫáɭȶnjȥȶ˖
ࡧeơƇŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇࢎࠁ߿-ࠁࠄ࢏
ࡧáɭơɽǫɢǫʋơơƎơȥljŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭǫȥȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧȇʠʋŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇ
ࡧljljơȇʋǫljɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬȥȶȍȟŔɽǬࢎɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơƎơɢɭơɽǫlj
ɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭ࢏
ࡧǫȍơɃˊȇʧɽʧȥƎơŔljljơȇʋǫljǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇǠǫȇŔˊơɽǫ
‘ǬɽŔɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࡪ÷ǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫˊơŹơȥ˖ơɭ
ɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇऋࠀnjʧȥ–ࠀŔˊŔɭŔɽǬ
÷ǫ˖ȶŔljljơȇʋǫlj%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
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Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࡧ1ǬȍƎǬɭŔƃŔǐǬȇȶɭȇʠɽʠ
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥहࠄ߿ࢫɽǫȥƎơȟǫʋɭŔȍʽŔȍʽɢɭȶȍŔɢɽʠɽʠ
njɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
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ʽơɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬȥȶȍƎʠǐʠơȥŔ˖ࠁǠŔljʋŔȍǬȇ
ƎɃȥơȟnjơɭơȇȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
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ŔˊɭǬȟǬƎǬɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪƒȟǫɢɭŔȟǫȥࢎơȥơʋȇǫȍǫ࢏࡫òòèzࢫȍŔɭȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
-òǫɽʋơȟŔʋǫ˖ơ࡫Ǝʧ˖ơȥȍǫɽŔȥɭǬȍŔɭऋ
-eɭŔȥƎǫˊɃ˖ࢎơȥɽǬȇ࢏࡫ɢơɭɽơȇʧʋʠŔɭ࡫ơɭȶʋȶȟŔȥǫȇ
-qŔȍǫɽʧȍŔɽˊȶȥˊȶȇ
ĵŔˊnjǬȥȥȇɽǫˊơʋơ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
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ǫɭɭǫʋŔŹǫȍǫʋơ࡫Ǡʠ˖ʠɭɽʠ˖ȍʠȇࡲ
-FȥŔ˖ࠀŔˊɽʧɭơȍǫࡲ
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¥FĪè¶þƒ‘qòþ•z‘•è
¶Źɽơɽǫ‘ȶȟɢʠȍɽǫlj%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࢎ¶‘%࢏
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ŹʠȍŔʂȟŔ࡫ȇʠʂȇʠ࢏
-‘ȶȟɢʠȍɽǫˊȶȥࡪ¶ƎʧʂʧȥƃơˊǫˊŔɢȟŔࢎơȥɽǬȇơȍ
ˊǬȇŔȟŔ࢏
òŔȥɭǬɽŔȍŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࢎɢŔɭŔȥȶˊŔ࡫ɢŔɭŔȥȶǫƎŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ࢏
¥ơʽɭȶ˖ȍŔɭ
áɽǫȇȶ˖ȥơʽɭȶ˖ŔˊɭǬȟǬࡪáɭŔʋǫȇʋơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥŹǫɭɃȍƇʧʋ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇ࡫ȇǫʂǫɭŔǠŔʋɽǬ˖ȍǬǐǬȥǬȥljŔɭȇǬȥƎŔǫɽơ࡫ˊŔȥǫǫƇ
njɃɭʧȥʋʧɽʧȥʧȟʠǠŔljŔ˖ŔơƎǫˊȶɭǫɽơȥơʽɭȶ˖ȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ɽǬȥǬljȍŔȥƎǬɭǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫƎơơȥɽǬȇȇȍȶȟǫɢɭŔȟǫȥ࡫òòèzȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
ȥȇɽǫˊơʋơ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬ
ࡧáŔȥǫȇŔȥȇɽǫˊơʋơ
ࡧbȶŹǫ
ࡧ¶ŹɽơɽǫljȇȶȟɢʠȍɽǫljŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࢎ¶‘%࢏
ࡧĵŔˊnjǬȥŔȥȇɽǫˊơʋơŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
ࡧáȶɽʋʋɭŔʽȟŔʋǫȇɽʋɭơɽŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠࢎþɭŔʽȟŔɽȶȥɭɽǬࠀ
ŔˊnjơƇȟơȍǫ࢏
ࡧȇʠʋɽʋɭơɽŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠࢎþɭŔʽȟŔɽȶȥɭŔɽǬǫȍȇࠀŔˊ
ǫƇǫȥƎơ࢏
ࡧ%ǫɭǫȇʋǫɭǫƃǫȍǫȇ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
ࡧ7ơɭǫĵȶȍȟŔ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
¶Źɽơɽǫlj-‘ȶȟɢʠȍɽǫlj%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇʋŔȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥ
ɽŔʽʠȥȟŔȟơȇŔȥǫ˖ȟŔȍŔɭǬ
ĵŔɢȟŔ-%ȶ˖ȟŔࢎčȥƎȶǫȥnj࢏ࡪ‘ʠɽʠɭȍʠƎŔʽɭŔȥǬʂȍŔɭǬȟǬ˖
ǫƇǫȥƎǫȍơƎǫǐǫȟǫ˖Ƀ˖ʧɭȍơɭ࡫njʧȥŔǠȍŔɭǬȟǬ˖ŔȇŔɭʂǬȍǬȇ
ʽơɭƎǫǐǫȟǫ˖ɽŔƎŔȇŔȍŔɭࡲ
òȶȟŔʋȶljȶɭȟ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭࢎòȶȟŔʋǫljŹơȍǫɭʋǫʽơǫȍǫʂȇǫȍǫ
Źȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭ࢏
ࡧòȶȟŔʋǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
ࡧ‘ȶȥʽơɭɽǫˊȶȥ
ࡧqǫɢȶȇȶȥƎɭǫŔ˖ǫɽࢎqŔɽʋŔȍǬȇ‘ŔˊnjǬɽǬ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ࢏
ࡧĪʧƃʠʋƎǫɽȟȶɭljǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
ࡧˊɭǬʂȟŔȟǬʂɽȶȟŔʋȶljȶɭȟŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
ࡧǐɭǬŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠࢎáɽǫȇȶǿơȥǫȇŔǐɭǬɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ࢏
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ƎǬʂǬȥŔǫʋǫȍȟơɽǫʽơȶɭŔƎŔʋʠʋʠȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
‘ŔɭʂǬʋþơɢȇǫ‘ʠɭȟŔࢎèơŔƃʋǫȶȥ- bȶɭȟŔʋǫȶȥ࢏ࡪ‘ǫʂǫ࡫
ȇơȥƎǫǫƇǫȥƎơȇǫŹǫȍǫȥƇƎǬʂǬƎʧɭʋʧʽơơǐǫȍǫȟȍơɭǫȥʋŔȟ
ȇŔɭʂǬʋǬʋơɢȇǫȍơɭʽơɭơɭơȇƎơŹơȥȍǫǐǫȥǫɽŔʽʠȥŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
Äɭȥơǐǫȥ࡫ǫƇǫȥƎơȇǫȇǫȥ࡫ȥơljɭơʋʽơȇŔŹŔȍǬȇ
ơǐǫȍǫȟȍơɭǫȥơȇŔɭʂǬȇǫʂǫ࡫ŔʂǬɭǬƎơɭơƃơƎơȇǫŹŔɭʽơ
ȥŔ˖ǫȇࡲ
¥‘òƒĵFþF%¶Łč‘•č‘•èz
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ƎŔƎʠˊnjʠȥʠȥŔɽǬȍȥơɽȥơɽǫȥƎơȥŹŔʂȇŔŹǫɭȥơɽȥơˊơ
ˊɃȥơʋǫȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲáŔʋɭȶȥŔȇǬ˖ǬɢŔƃǬɽǬȥǬơʽƎơȇǫȍơɭƎơȥ
ƇǬȇŔɭȟŔࡲ
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-eŔŹŔŔ˖ŔȍȟǬʂ
-òơɭȶʋȶȥǫȥʽơȥɃɭơɢǫȥơɭljǫȥƎʧ˖ơˊǫŔɭʋȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
áȶɽʋʋɭŔʽȟŔʋǫȇòʋɭơɽ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
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-¶ŹɽơɽǫljǠŔʋǬɭȍŔȟŔ
áŔȥǫȇ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
ࡧࠁ߿ˊŔʂ࡫ȇŔƎǬȥࡲ
ࡧ¥ơljơɽƎŔɭȍǬȍǐǬ࡫ƇŔɭɢǬȥʋǬ࡫njɃǐʧɽŔǐɭǬɽǬ࡫ȥơljơɽ
ŔȍŔȟŔȟŔǠǫɽɽǫ࡫ˊʠʋȟŔnjʧƇȍʧǐʧ
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Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
7ĔèþĔ‘¶¥þ趕%¶Łč‘•č‘•èz
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ɽʧɭơɭɽơŔȇʠʋɽʋɭơɽŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠƎʠɭࡲ࢏
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ˊŔɢȟŔǫɽʋơǐǫȥǫƎʠɭƎʠɭŔȟŔȟŔ࡫ŔȍǬʂȇŔȥȍǬȇǠŔȍǫȥơ
njơʋǫɭȟơ
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bȶŹǫȍơɭ
- FȥɽǬȇŔȥȇɽǫˊơʋơŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠƎʠɭࡲ
- Ä˖njʧȍljȶŹǫࡪȥơɽȥơʽơˊŔƎʠɭʠȟ
- òȶɽˊŔȍljȶŹǫࡪòȶɽˊŔȍȶɭʋŔȟȍŔɭƎŔȥʽơǫȥɽŔȥȍŔɭȍŔ
ŹǫɭŔɭŔƎŔŹʠȍʠȥȟŔȇʋŔȥȟŔȥʋǬȇƎǬʂǬȇȶɭȇʠʽơ
ȇŔƇǬȥȟŔǫȍơȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
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Ǝơɽơȥɽǫʋǫ˖ŔɽˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
ƒȍŔƇȍŔɭƎŔȥơȥơʋȇǫȍǫȶȍŔȥȍŔɭ¡¶ǫȥǠǫŹǫʋɃɭȍơɭǫ
ࢎȟŔȇȍȶŹơȟǫƎơ࢏ʽơɢɭȶɢɭŔȥŔȍȶȍƎʠɭࡲ
ƒȥʋơɭȟǫʋʋŔȥɢŔʋȍŔˊǬƃǬŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇ
--ǫƎƎǫɽŔȍƎǬɭǬ࡫ȟŔȍŔ˖ŔɭŔɭʽơɭȟơơˊȍơȟȍơɭǫȥơȇŔɭʂǬ
ȇȶˊŔȟŔ˖
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‘ȍơɢʋȶȟŔȥǫࡪ1ŔȍȟŔࢎǠǬɭɽǬ˖ȍǬȇ࢏ǫɽʋơǐǫȥơȟŔȥǫ
ȶȍŔȟŔ˖ࡲ
áǫɭȶȟŔȥǫࡪĵŔȥnjǬȥƇǬȇŔɭȟŔ࡫ŔʋơʂȍơȶˊȥŔȟŔȇʋŔȥǠŔ˖
ŔȍǬɭȍŔɭࡲ
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‘ȶȥʽơɭɽǫˊȶȥ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
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ƎʠˊɽŔȍ࡫ʽȶȇŔȍȇȶɭƎɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫɽǫ࡫njȍȶŹʠɽǠǫɽʋơɭǫȇʠɽʽɽࡲ࢏
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þɭǫȇȶʋǫȍȍȶȟŔȥǫŔ
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ŸŔ˃ǩȊȜŔ࡬NJȾɧȜƟȜƟ࢈
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ƎŔʽɭŔȥǬȍȟŔ˖࡮
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‘ʧȟơɽǫ‘ǫʂǫȍǫȇ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬ
- áɽǫȇȶ˖ȍŔɭŔnjơȥơʋǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇˊŔʋȇǬȥȶȍȟŔɽǬȥŔ
ɭŔǐȟơȥɢɽǫȇȶ˖ˊȶȇʋʠɭࡲòȶɽˊŔȍǫȍǫʂȇǫȍơɭƎơȥ
ȇŔƇǬȥǬɭȍŔɭࡲþʠǠŔljʽơơȇɽŔȥʋɭǫȇȇǫʂǫȍǫȇɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫɃȥ
ɢȍŔȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
- ƒƇơȇŔɢŔȥǬȇ
áŔɭŔȥȶǫƎ
-%ŔʂȇŔȍŔɭǬȥǬȇɃʋʧȥǫˊơʋȍǫȶȍȟŔȇȍŔɽʠƇȍŔɭ࡫
ŹŔʂȇŔȍŔɭǬȥŔnjʧʽơȥȟơ˖ࡲáŔɭʋȥơɭȍơɭǫȥǫ
ɽŔƎŔȇŔʋɽǫ˖ȍǫȇȍơɽʠƇȍŔɭ࡫ʂʧɢǠơƃǫƎǫɭ࡫ȇǫȥŹơɽȍơɭࡲ
-ࠁࠄˊŔʂǬȥƎŔơɭȇơȇǠŔɽʋŔ࡫ǫʂŔɭȇŔƎŔʂȍŔɭǬȥǬȥȶȥʠȥ
ɽǬɭȍŔɭǬȥǬŔƇǬǐŔʽʠɭƎʠȇȍŔɭǬȥǬʽơơʂǫȥǫȥƎơȶȥȍŔɭȍŔ
ŹǫɭȍǫȇȶȍŔŹǫȍơƃơǐǫȥǫɽɃˊȍʧˊȶɭࡲ
qǫɢȶȇȶȥƎɭǫŔ˖ǫɽࢎqŔɽʋŔȍǬȇ‘ŔˊnjǬɽǬ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ࢏
-qŔɽʋŔȍǬȇǠŔɽʋŔɽǬࡲ
-‘ǫʂǫȥǫȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐŔʋʠʋʠȍȟŔȇȶɭȇʠɽʠʽơˊŔƃǫƎƎǫŹǫɭ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐŔɽŔǠǫɢȶȍƎʠǐʠǫȥŔȥƃǬǫȍơ˖ǫǠȥǫȥǫȟơʂnjʠȍ
ơʋȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
-þǬŹŹǫǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇʋơʂǠǫɽơƎǫȍơȟơ˖ࡲ
÷ǫ˖ȶǫƎ
- òȶɽˊŔȍƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭ࡫ŔǫȍơɽǫƎǬʂǬȥƎŔǠơɭǠŔȥnjǫŹǫɭˊŔȇǬȥ
ǫȍǫʂȇǫɽǫˊȶȇʋʠɭ࡫ƎʠˊnjʠɽŔȍʋơɢȇǫȍơɭǫˊʧ˖ơˊơȍƎǫɭࡲ
-ࠂ߿ˊŔʂǬȥƎŔơɭȇơȇǠŔɽʋŔ࡫ȶɭȟŔȥƎŔˊŔȍȥǬ˖
njơ˖ȟơȇʋơȥ˖ơʽȇŔȍƎǬǐǬȥǬɽɃˊȍʧˊȶɭ࡫ŔǫȍơɽǫǠǫƇ
ŔɭȇŔƎŔʂǬȶȍȟŔƎǬǐǬȥǬŹơȍǫɭʋǫˊȶɭࡲ
ĪʧƃʠʋƎǫɽȟȶɭljǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
-qŔɽʋŔȍŔɭȥȶɭȟŔȍnjɃɭʧȥȟơȍơɭǫȥơɭŔǐȟơȥ࡫ƇǫɭȇǫȥǫʋǫƃǫnjɃɭʧȥƎʧȇȍơɭǫȥǫƎʧʂʧȥʧɭȍơɭࡲ
-FȥɽǬȇŹʠɭʠȥ–ɽŔƇʋȇŔǬȥʋǬɽǬʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
-ȟơȍǫˊŔʋȍŔɭŹŔʂŔɭǬɽǬ˖ȍǬȇȍŔɽȶȥʠƇȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
119
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
-‘ʧȟơɽǫ‘ǫʂǫȍǫȇ%ȶ˖ukȍʠȇȍŔɭǬ ࢎ‘ȶɭȇʠȍʠ࡫Ŕȥȇɽǫˊơʋơȍǫ
ŔȥȇɽǫˊơʋơŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬǫȍơnjơȥơʋǫȇʽơˊŔljŔȟǫȍˊŔȍ
ǫȍǫʂȇǫȍǫ࢏
÷ǫ˖ȶʋǫɢŔȍ
-ȍǬʂǬȍȟŔƎǬȇ࡫ǫȍnjǫȥƇƎʧʂʧȥƃơȍơɭǫʽŔɭ࡫Źʧˊʧɽơȍ
ƎʧʂʧȥƃơȍơɭơǫȥŔȥǬɭࢎŔȍʋǬȥƃǬǠǫɽ࡫njŔɭǫɢʋơȥ
ǠŔŹơɭŔȍȟŔ࢏࡫ˊŔȍȥǬ˖ʽơȇʠʂȇʠƃʠƎʠɭࡲ
-Ä˖ŹŔȇǬȟǬǫˊǫȶȍȟŔˊŔȥࠂࠄˊŔʂǬȥƎŔȇǫȇŔƎǬȥǠŔɽʋŔ࡫
ŹǫɭƇȶȇʂơˊǫɃȥƃơƎơȥʋŔǠȟǫȥơƎơŹǫȍƎǫǐǫȥǫɽɃˊȍʧˊȶɭ࡫
ɢŔ˖ŔɭʋơɽǫnjʧȥȍơɭǫŔɽȍŔɢơƎǫŔʋɭǫƇŔȍǬʂȟǬˊȶɭࡲ
1ơȇǫȥnjơȥ
- FȍơʂʋǫɭǫȍȟơȇʋơȥŔʂǬɭǬȇȶɭȇȟŔ࡫ŔʂŔǐǬȍǬȇƎʠˊnjʠɽʠ
ʽơɽȶɽˊŔȍƇơȇǫȍȟơʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
-ɭȇŔƎŔʂȍŔɭǬʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔȥɢŔɽǫljʽơʠˊɽŔȍȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ʋŔȥǬȟȍŔȥŔȥࠂ߿ˊŔʂǬȥƎŔȇǫȇŔƎǬȥǠŔɽʋŔ࡫ˊơȥǫ
ɽȶɭʠȟȍʠȍʠȇȍŔɭŔȍŔƃŔǐǬǫƇǫȥʽơơȍơʂʋǫɭǫȍơŹǫȍơƃơǐǫ
Ǝʧʂʧȥƃơɽǫǫȍơʋơɭljǫơʋȟơȇǫɽʋơȟǫˊȶɭࡲ
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ŹŔǐǬȟȍǬȍǬǐǬʽơɽơȟŔʋȶljȶɭʠȟŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭȍŔnjơȥơʋǫȇ
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ǫƇǫȥŹǫȍơŹŔʂȇŔȍŔɭǬȥǬȥɃǐʧʋȍơɭǫȥơǫǠʋǫˊŔƃǬʽŔɭƎǬɭ࡫
ŹŔʂȇŔȍŔɭǬȥǬȥǫɽʋơȇȍơɭǫȥơˊŔȍȥǬ˖ȇŔȍŔƃŔǐǬȇȶɭȇʠɽʠǫȍơ
Źȶˊʠȥơǐơɭ࡫ȇơȥƎǫŹŔʂǬȥŔǠŔˊŔʋǬȥǬɽʧɭƎʧɭơȟơ˖ࡲ
-ࠁࠇˊŔʂǬȥƎŔȇŔƎǬȥǠŔɽʋŔ࡫ȇȶƃŔɽǬʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔȥơʽƎơ
ȶȍʠɢŹǫʋơȥǠơɭʂơˊǫŔȥȥơɽǫȥơŔȥȍŔʋȟŔȇʋŔʽơ
ŔȥȥơɽǫȥǫȥǠơɭƎơƎǫǐǫȥǫˊŔɢȟŔȇȍŔɽʠƇȍŔȥǬˊȶɭࡲ
ȥʋǫɽȶɽˊŔȍ
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ʋʠʋʠȇȍŔȥȟŔǠǫȇŔˊơɽǫ࡫ˊŔȍŔȥɽɃˊȍơȟơ࡫Źǫɭǫʂǫɽʧɭơȇȍǫ
njɃʋʧɭơȟơȟơ
-ࠂ߿ˊŔʂǬȥƎŔŹǫʋǫɭǫȟơɭȇơȇǠŔɽʋŔ࡫ǠơɭǠŔȥnjǫŹǫɭ ǫʂʋơ
ƎǫȇǫʂʋʠʋʋʠɭŔȟŔȟǬʂ࡫ƎơljŔȍŔɭƃŔơɽɭŔɭȇʠȍȍŔȥȟŔȇʋŔȥ
ʽơȇʧƇʧȇǠǬɭɽǬ˖ȍǬȇȍŔɭƎŔȥˊŔȇŔȍŔȥȟǬʂࡲ
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ƎǫɭơȥǫʂnjɃɽʋơɭǫɭ࡫ǫʂǫŔǐǬɭƎŔȥŔȍǬɭȍŔɭ࡫ǫȥŔʋƇǬƎǬɭȍŔɭ࡫
ŔȍŔˊƃǬƎǬɭȍŔɭࡲþŔȇƎǫɭơƎǫȍȟơȟơȇʽơŔȍƎŔʋǬȍȟŔȇʋŔȥ
ˊŔȇǬȥǬɭȍŔɭࡲ
-ࠂࠅˊŔʂǬȥƎŔơɭȇơȇǠŔɽʋŔ࡫ɢŔʋɭȶȥʠȥʠȥɽʧɭơȇȍǫ
ȇơȥƎǫɽǫȥƎơȥ˖ȶɭǫʂȍơɭǫɽʋơƎǫǐǫȥǫ࡫ŹʠȥơƎơȥȍơˊŔʽŔʂ
ƇŔȍǬʂʋǬǐǬȥǬ࡫ŔȥƃŔȇʽơɭǫȍơȥnjɃɭơʽȍơɭơȇŔɭʂǬ
ƇǬȇȟŔƎǬǐǬȥǬɽɃˊȍʧˊȶɭࡲ
qǫɽʋɭǫȶȥǫȇ
-òʧɭơȇȍǫǫȍnjǫȶƎŔǐǬȶȍȟŔȇǫɽʋơɭࡲ-ǫȥɽơȍˊɃȥƎơȥ
ŔˊŔɭʋǬƃǬ࡫ʋơȍȇǫȥơˊŔʋȇǬȥ࡫njɃɽʋơɭǫʂˊŔɢȟŔˊŔƇŔȍǬʂǬɭࡲ
ĵŔɢȟŔƃǬȇ࡫ɽʧɭơȇȍǫƎơǐǫʂơȥʽơˊʧ˖ơˊơȍƎʠˊnjʠȍŔȥǬȟǬ
ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
-ࠁࠇˊŔʂǬȥƎŔȇŔƎǬȥǠŔɽʋŔ࡫ ljɭŔɢŔȥȇǬˊŔljơʋǫʽơ
ŔŹŔɭʋǬȍǬȟŔȇˊŔǿǬˊȍŔƎǫȇȇŔʋƇơȇǫˊȶɭʽơnjɃ˖ȍơɭǫȥǫ
ɽǫ˖ƎơȥŔˊǬɭȟŔƎŔȥnjɃɭƎʧǐʧơȥˊŔȇǬʂǬȇȍǬࡸnjʧ˖ơȍ
Ǝȶȇʋʠɭʠȥɽǫ˖ȶȍƎʠǐʠȥʠ˖ʠɽɃˊȍʧˊȶɭࡲ
¶Źɽơɽǫlj– ‘ȶȟɢʠȍɽǫlj
- ʂǬɭǬƎʧ˖ơȥȍǫ࡫ȟʧȇơȟȟơȍǫˊơʋƇǫ࡫ŔˊɭǬȥʋǬȍŔɭȍŔŔʂǬɭǬ
ʠǐɭŔʂȟŔ࡫Źȶʂ˖ŔȟŔȥȍŔɭǬȥǬƎŔǫʂơŔƎŔȟŔ࡫ơɽȇǫ
ơʂˊŔȍŔɭǬȥǬŔʋŔȟŔȟŔ࡫ƃǫȟɭǫʽơǫȥŔʋƇǬࡲ
-¶ɭʋŔˊŔʂȍǬơɭȇơȇǠŔɽʋŔ࡫ơʂǫȥǫȥȇơȥƎǫɽǫȥǫƃǫȟɭǫȍǫǐǫ
ˊʧ˖ʧȥƎơȥʋơɭȇơʋʋǫǐǫȥǫ࡫ȶˊɽŔơʂǫȥǫȥǠǫƇŹǫɭ˖ŔȟŔȥ
njơɭơȇɽǫ˖ȍŔȟŹŔȍŔɭǬȇŔɢŔʋȟŔɽǬnjơɭơȇʋǫǐǫȥǫ
ŔȥȍŔȟŔƎǬǐǬȥǬʽơŹʠȥʠȥƃǫȟɭǫȍǫȇƎơǐǫȍƎʧ˖ơȥ
ȶȍƎʠǐʠȥʠɽɃˊȍʧˊȶɭࡲ
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ơȟɢŔʋǫȇʠɭŔȟŔȟŔ
- ‘ǫŹǫɭȍǫʽơȇʧɽʋŔǠŹǫɭʋŔʽɭǬȶȍŔȥȶɭʋŔˊŔʂȍǬȇŔƎǬȥ
ǠŔɽʋŔ࡫ȇơȥƎǫɽǫȥơǫˊǫŹǫɭɢɭȶljơɽɃɭʧȥŹŔȇȟŔɽǬ
njơɭơȇʋǫǐǫȥǫƇʧȥȇʧǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥǬȥƇȶȇɃ˖ơȍȶȍƎʠǐʠȥʠ
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njɃɭȟơ࡫ʋơɭȇơƎǫȍȟơƎơȥȇŔƇȟŔ࡫ȇơȥƎǫȥơ˖ŔɭŔɭ
ʽơɭȟơȶȍŔɽǬȍǬǐǬȶȍŔȥŔȍŔȥȍŔɭƎŔƎʧɭʋʧɽơȍȍǫȇࢎɢŔɭŔ
ǠŔɭƃŔȟŔ࡫ƃǫȥɽơȍȍǫȇ࡫ʠˊʠʂʋʠɭʠƃʠ࢏࡫ǫȥʋǫǠŔɭnjǫɭǫʂǫȟȍơɭǫ
-ࠁࠁˊŔʂǬȥƎŔʧȥǫʽơɭɽǫʋơɽǫɃǐɭơȥƃǫɽǫȇŔƎǬȥ࡫
ɽơʽnjǫȍǫɽǫȥǫȥȇơȥƎǫɽǫȥǫʋơɭȇơƎơŹǫȍơƃơǐǫȥƎơȥ
ȇȶɭȇʋʠǐʠȥʠʽơŹʠȥơƎơȥȍơǫȥʋǫǠŔɭnjǫɭǫʂǫȟǫȥƎơ
ŹʠȍʠȥƎʠǐʠȥʠ࡫ŹʠŔɭŔƎŔɽǫ˖ǫȥȇơȥƎǫɽǫȥǫʂʠŔȥŔ
ȇŔƎŔɭơȥǫˊǫŔȥȍŔˊŔȥƎȶȇʋȶɭȶȍƎʠǐʠȥʠ˖ʠɽɃˊȍʧˊȶɭࡲ
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ࠁ࢏7ǫɽʋǫȟǫࢎǠŔljǫljƎơɢɭơɽˊȶȥƎʠɭŔȟŔŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭơȥŔ˖
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Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
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ƎʠˊnjʠƎʠɭʠȟࡲ
ࠁ࢏Fɢǫ˖ȶƎɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥơȥŔ˖ࠂࢫʧ
ȶȍȟŔȍƎǬǬɭࡲ
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-òơɭŔʋȶȥǫȥŔ˖ŔȍȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
- òŔȥɭǬࢎƎơǐơɭɽǫ˖ȍǫȇ࡫ɽʠƇȍʠȍʠȇ࡫ɢơɭɽơȇʧɽˊȶȥ
ɽŔȥɭǬȍŔɭǬ࢏ǠŔȍʧɽǫȥŔɽˊȶȥࢎɽʠƇȍŔˊǬƃǬȇȶȥʠʂȟŔȍŔɭ࢏
ơʂȍǫȇơƎơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧ%ơȥȍǫȇɽŔˊnjǬɽǬȥƎŔŔɭʋȟŔɽǬ࡫njɭŔȥƎǫˊȶ˖ǫʋơ
ࡧčˊȇʠǫǠʋǫˊŔƃǬŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ
ࡧ‘ȶȥʠʂȇŔȥȍǬȇ࡫ŹŔɽǬȥƇȍǬȇȶȥʠʂȟŔ
ࡧbǫȇǫɭʠƇʠʂȟŔɽǬ
ࡧ7ǫȇȇŔʋǫȥȇȶȍŔˊȍǬȇȍŔƎŔǐǬȍŔŹǫȍȟơɽǫ
ࡧFʋȇǫȥȍǫȇŔɭʋǬʂǬ࡫ɢɽǫȇȶȟȶʋȶɭȶǿǫʋŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧŁơʽȇʽơɭơȥɭǫɽȇȍǫǫʂȍơɭơȇŔʋǬȍȟŔ
-qŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥहࠅ߿ࢫǬȥƎŔǫȥʋǫǠŔɭƎʧʂʧȥƃơȍơɭǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
-ƒȍŔƇʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥơŹŔʂȍŔƎǬȇʋŔȥɽȶȥɭŔǫȥʋǫǠŔɭơƎơɭȍơɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪƒȍŔƇࢎǫȍȇɽơƇơȥơȇ࢏࡫ɢɽǫȇȶʋơɭŔɢǫ࡫F‘þࢎŔȇʠʋ
ʋơƎŔʽǫ࡫ǫȥʋǫǠŔɭɭǫɽȇǫऋ࢏
ࠂ࢏qŔɽʋŔȥǬȥɽȶɽˊŔȍʽơȟơɽȍơȇǫǫʂȍơʽɽơȍȍǫǐǫȥƎơ
Źȶ˖ʠȍȟŔȶȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
7ǫɽʋǫȟǫ
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ƎʠˊnjʠƎʠɭʠȟऋ
- FȥŔ˖ࠁˊǬȍɽʧɭȟơȍǫ
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¡ŔȥǫòơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬ
ࡧʂǬɭǬɢŔɭŔǠŔɭƃŔȟŔ࡫ǠǫɢơɭɽơȇɽʧŔȍǫʋơ࡫ǫʂʋŔǠɽǬ˖ȍǬȇ࡫
ǫȥɽȶȟȥǫŔ࡫ɢŔɭǬȍʋǬȍǬnjǫˊɽǫȍơɭʽɽࡲ
ࡧòŔȥɭǬȍŔɭऋࢎnjɭŔȥƎǫˊɃ˖࡫ɢŔɭŔȥȶǫƎ࡫ơɭȶʋȶȟŔȥǫȇ࢏
F•F‘þ趑¶¥Īč•òƒbþF7ĪƒࢎF‘þ࢏
•ǫʋˊʠȟ
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ŔƇǬƎŔȥ¥ŔnjǫŹǫƎŔʽɭŔȥǬɭࡲ
ࡧþơɭŔɢɃʋǫȇǫȥƎơȇɽǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ‘ŔȥƎʧ˖ơˊǫȇȶȥʋɭȶȍ
ơƎǫȍơɭơȇƎȶ˖ʠŔˊŔɭȍŔȥȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧ¡ŔȥǫŔʋŔǐǬʽơɢɭȶljǫȍŔȇɽǫɽǫȥƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
FȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ¡ŔǿȶɭƎơɢɭơɽˊȶȥ
ࡧ‘ŔʋŔʋȶȥǫȇʂǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫ
ࡧ¡Ŕȥǫ
ࡧèǫǿǫƎǫʋơ
ࡧeơŹơƎơɢɭơɽˊȶȥǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬ
ĵŔȥơʋȇǫȍơɭǫ
ezòࡪ%ʠȍŔȥʋǬ–ȇʠɽȟŔ࡫ƎǫˊŔɭơ࡫ǫʂʋŔǠɽǬ˖ȍǬȇ
þɭơȟȶɭࡪþơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơɢɭȶɢɭȶȥȶȍȶȍȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
þơɭȶǿơȥƎǫɭʽơɽʧʋơnjơƇơɭࡲࢎbȍȶɢɢˊŹŔŹˊɽơȥƎɭȶȟ࢏ࡲ
ƒȍȇʋɭǫȟơɽʋơɭƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟǬȇŔȍɢʋơFŹɽʋơǫȥȥȶȟŔȍǫɽǫ
ˊŔɢŔɭࡲ
‘ȶȥʋɭơƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ࡧeơȥơȍŔȥơɽʋơɽǫȇȶȥʋɭơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ‘ŔljŔǫƇǫŹŔɽǬȥƃǬŔɭʋǬɭŔȥȇǫʋȍơ
ࡧĵơȥǫnjơƇǫɭǫȍȟǫʂȟˊȶȇŔɭƎǫȥljŔɭȇʋʧɽʧ
ࡧʋơʂ࡫ŔɭǫʋȟǫʽơʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ
ࡧȥȇɽǫˊơʋơʽơljȶŹǫƎơʠˊnjʠȍŔȥȟŔ˖
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ĵŔȥơʋȇǫȍơɭ
ࡧȟȥơ˖ǫ
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ȥȶɭơȇɽǫˊŔ
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%ʠȍǫȟǫŔ
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ࡧ%ǫɢȶȍŔɭࠀŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࡪ÷ǫƎƎơʋȍǫ¡Ŕȥǫऋ7ơɢɭơɽǫlj
Fɢǫ˖ȶƎ
ࡧ%ǫɢȶȍŔɭࠁŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࡪ¡ŔǿȶɭƎơɢɭơɽˊȶȥऋǠǫɢȶȟŔȥǫ
ࡧqǬ˖ȍǬnjɃȥƎʧȍʧŹǫɢȶȍŔɭŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࡪऑࠃࡸˊǬȍơɢǫ˖ȶƎ
ࡧòǫȇȍȶʋǫȟǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࡪqŔljǫljƎơɢɭơɽˊȶȥऋǠǫɢȶȟŔȥǫ
ࡧ1ȶȇljŔ˖ȍŔˊơȟơʽơȇȶȥʋɭȶȍơƎơȟơȟơ
ࡧ‘ǫȍȶŔȍȟŔˊǬơȥnjơȍȍơȟơȇǫƇǫȥȇʠɽȟŔ࡫ȍɃȇɽŔʋǫlj
ȇʠȍȍŔȥȟŔʽơˊŔŔʂǬɭǬơnj˖ơɭɽǫ˖
ࡧFȥŔ˖ࠂŔˊǠŔljʋŔƎŔࠁࢎŔɭʋǬȇࠀ࢏ȇơ˖Źʠơɢǫ˖ȶƎȍŔɭǬȥ
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Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
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ȶȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧȥȶɭơȇɽǫȇǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭŔnjɃɭơƎŔǠŔɽǫȥǫɭȍǫƎǫɭȍơɭࡲ
ࡧ1ȶȇˊơȟơȍơɭǫȥơɭŔǐȟơȥȥȶɭȟŔȍȇǫȍȶƎŔʽơˊŔ˖ŔˊǬlj
ȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭȍơɭࡲ
°ɧNJŔȢǨȄŸǨɧɧʙǝɷŔȊŸȲˏʙȄȊʙȄʄʙɧࡲ
þŔȥǬ‘ɭǫʋơɭȍơɭǫ
ࠀ࢏%ơȍȍơȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
ࠁ࢏ʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫŹǫȍǫʂɽơȍǫʂȍơʽȍơɭƎơȥŹǫɭˊŔƎŔƎŔǠŔ
ljŔ˖ȍŔɽǬȥǬȥŹȶ˖ʠȍȟŔɽǬࡪljŔ˖ǫࢎƎǫȍŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ࢏࡫ŔɢɭŔȇɽǫ
ࢎȟȶʋȶɭŹơƃơɭǫƎơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ࢏࡫Ŕnjȥȶ˖ǫࢎȥơɽȥơȍơɭǫ
ʋŔȥǬˊŔȟŔȟŔࡸʋŔȥǬȟȍŔˊŔȟŔȟŔ࢏࡫ˊɃȥơʋɽơȍǫʂȍơʽȍơɭƎơ
Źȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࢎɢȍŔȥȍŔȟŔ࡫ȶɭnjŔȥǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥ࢏
ࠂ࢏%ǫȍǫȥƇŔƇǬȇȶȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
7ǫɽɽȶɽǫˊŔʋǫlj%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭ
eơȥơȍɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭ࡫ɢɽǫȇȶȍȶǿǫȇȥơƎơȥȍơɭȍơȶɭʋŔˊŔ
ƇǬȇŔȥŹơȍȍơȇ࡫ŹǫȍǫȥƇ࡫ȇǫȟȍǫȇʽơˊŔƇơʽơȥǫȥ
ŔȍnjǬȍŔȥȟŔɽǬȥǬȥȇŔˊŹǬƎǬɭࡲ
qơɭǠŔȥnjǫŹǫɭŹơˊǫȥǠŔɽŔɭǬɽɃ˖ȇȶȥʠɽʠƎơǐǫȍƎǫɭࡲ
FʋˊȶȍȶǿǫࡪFȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥȍ˖Ǡơǫȟơɭࢎहࠄ߿-हࠅ߿࢏ĵŔʂ
ŔɭʋǬʂǬƎơȟŔȥɽnjơȍǫʂǫȟǫǫƇǫȥơȥɃȥơȟȍǫɭǫɽȇ
ljŔȇʋɃɭʧƎʧɭࡲ
ࠀࡲȟȥơ˖ǫࡪơȥɽǬȇࡤ
ࠁࡲ1ȶǐʠȍȇǫʂǫȍǫȇ
ࠂࡲbʧnjࡪqŔɽʋŔ࡫Ǡơɭ˖ŔȟŔȥȇǫơʽǫȥƎơȥʽơˊŔǫʂǫȥƎơȥ
ʠ˖ŔȇŹǫɭˊơɭơ࡫Ŕȥǫ࡫ŹơȇȍơȥȟơƎǫȇɽơˊŔǠŔʋȍơɭơ ƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
ࠃࡲ7ơɢơɭɽȶȥŔȍǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥࢎ7ơɢơɭɽȶȥŔȍǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥࡸ
ƎơɭơŔȍǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥ࢏ࡪ‘ǫʂǫȥǫȥȇơȥƎǫɽǫʽơˊŔŹơƎơȥǫȥƎơȥ
ɽʧɭơȇȍǫʽơˊǫȥơȍơˊǫƃǫŔˊɭǬȍȟŔǠǫɽɽǫȥǫˊŔʂŔȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
7ơȍǫɭˊʠȟࢎŔˊɭǬƃǬʋŔȥǬƎŔơȥɃȥơȟȍǫǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇ࢏ࡪ
7ơȍǫɭˊʠȟŔȥǫŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇȍǬŔȍʋʋŔŹǫɭɽȶȟŔʋǫȇ
ɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȥǫȥˊŔʋʋǬǐǬ࡫ȇǬɽŔɽʧɭơȥʽơŹǫȍǫȥƇʋơ
ƎŔȍnjŔȍŔɭȥȟŔȍŔɭǬȥȶȍƎʠǐʠŹǫɭȶɭnjŔȥǫȇŹơˊǫȥ
ɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫǫȇơȥࡷƎơȟŔȥɽɽǫȥɽǫŹŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇȍǬʽơ
ǫȍơɭȍơˊǫƃǫ࡫ŔȍʋʋŔˊŔʋŔȥɽȶȟŔʋǫȇɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫǫȥʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ
njơɭơȇȍȟơˊơȥʽơŹǫȍǫȥƃǫȇŔƇǬȇȶȍƎʠǐʠŹǫɭ
ɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫƎǫɭ࡫ǫȍơɭȍơˊǫƃǫƎǫɭࡲ
7ơȍǫɭˊʠȟ࡫7ơȟŔȥɽʽơȟȥơɽʋǫȇ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭ
7ơȍǫɭˊʠȟ
ࠀ࢏%ǫȍǫȥƇƎʧ˖ơˊǫȥƎơƎŔȍnjŔȍŔȥȟŔȍŔɭࡪ7ơȍǫɭˊʠȟǫƇǫȥ
ʋŔȥǬȇȶˊƎʠɭŔȥŔɽǬȍljŔȇʋɃɭŹǫȍǫȥƇŹʠȍŔȥǬȇȍǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
¡¥Fòþƒ‘%¶Łč‘•č‘•è
ĭơɭȥǫƃȇơòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧȍȇȶȍơŹŔǐȍǬŔȟȥơ˖ǫ
ࡧþǫŔȟǫȥơȇɽǫȇȍǫǐǫɽȶȥʠƃʠŔȇʠʋnjơȍǫʂǫɭ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫǫȍơnjơɭǫƎɃȥʧʂʧȟȍʧ
ࡧʋŔȇɽǫ࡫Ǡȶɭǫ˖ŔȥʋȶȍȥǫɽʋŔnjȟʠɽ࡫ȇȶȥljʧ˖ˊȶȥʽơ
ȶljʋŔȍȟȶɢȍơǿǫ
ࡧþơƎŔʽǫơƎǫȍȟơɽơ‘ȶɭɽŔȇȶljljɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠȥŔǫȍơɭȍơȟơ
ɭǫɽȇǫʽŔɭࡲ
ࠁ࢏7ơȟŔȥɽʋŔŹȍȶɽʠʽơƎŔǠŔɃȥƃơȶȍŔȥŔȍnjǬ
Źȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠȶȍȟŔȇɽǬ˖ǬȥŔȍnjǬƎŔࢎǠŔȍʧɽǫȥŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭʽơ
ǫȍʠ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭ࢏ʽơŹǫȍǫʂɽơȍǫʂȍơʽȍơɭƎơࢎŹơȍȍơȇ࡫ƎǫȇȇŔʋʽơ
ȇȶȥɽŔȥʋɭŔɽˊȶȥ࡫Ǝǫȍ࡫ȶɭˊŔȥʋŔɽˊȶȥ࢏Źȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇࡲ
ࠂ࢏ȇʠʋ%ŔʂȍŔȥnjǬƇ
7ơȍǫɭˊʠȟ ¥ơƎơȥȍơɭǫ
‘ȶɭɽŔȇȶljljòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧȍȇȶȍơŹŔǐȍǬȇɭȶȥǫȇŔȟȥơɽʋǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇʋʠɭࡲ
ࡧòơŹơɢþǫŔȟǫȥơȇɽǫȇȍǫǐǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍŔɭǬȥˊŔȍȥǬ˖ƃŔहࠁ߿ȇŔƎŔɭǬǫˊǫȍơʂǫɭࡲ
ࡧĭơɭȥǫƃȇơơȥɽơljŔȍȶɢŔʋǫɽǫȥơơȇȶȍŔɭŔȇȟȥơ˖ǫऋ
ȇȶȥljȶŹʠȍŔɽˊȶȥ࡮ࢎ‘ȶɭɽŔȇȶljljɢɽǫȇȶ˖ʠȥƎŔŹǫɭơˊ
ŹơȍȍơȇŹȶʂȍʠȇȍŔɭǬȥǬƎȶȍƎʠɭȟŔȇǫƇǫȥȶȍȟŔȟǬʂ
ȶȍŔˊȍŔɭǬŔȥȍŔʋǬɭࡲ࢏
%ơˊǫȥȍơǫȍnjǫȍǫȥơƎơȥȍơɭࡪòơɭơŹɭȶʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭȶȍŔˊȍŔɭ࡫
ǫȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭ࡫ʋɭŔʽȟŔȍŔɭࡲ
¡ơʋŔŹȶȍǫȇࡪ‘ŔɭŔƃǫǐơɭ࡫ŹɃŹɭơȇˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫ࡫òǬʽǬ–
ơȍơȇʋɭȶȍǫʋŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬ࡫ĪǫʋŔȟǫȥơȇɽࡲ
þȶȇɽǫȇࡪȍȇȶȍ࡫ȍǫʋˊʠȟ࡫--7ȶɢŔ࡫ȶɭnjŔȥŔljȶɽljŔʋȍŔɭ࡫
òʋơɭȶǫƎȍơɭ࡫‘ŔɭŹȶȥȟȶȥȶȇɽǫʋ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ7ơȍǫɭˊʠȟŹǫɭɢɽǫȇǫˊŔʋɭǫȇŔƃǫȍƎǫɭࡲ¡ʠʋȍŔȇŔ
ŔȍʋʋŔˊŔʋŔȇȥơƎơȥŹʠȍʠȥʠɢȶɭʋŔƎŔȥȇŔȍƎǬɭǬȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
ǿǫʋŔɽˊȶȥƎŔƎʧʂʧȇȍƎȶ˖ǠŔȍȶɢơɭǫƎȶȍʽơɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
¡bFþ¡ƒ¥ƒ¥þ¶‘òƒ‘òĵ¶¥č
ࡧÄljȶɭǫ
ࡧ‘ȶȥɽŔȥʋɭŔɽˊȶȥŔɭʋǬʂǬ
ࡧþɭơȟȶɭ
ࡧ‘ȶȥljʧ˖ˊȶȥ
ࡧ‘ŔȥŹŔɽǬȥƃǬʽơȥŔŹǬ˖ŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
ࡧ%ơƎơȥǬɽǬŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ŔɽnjʧƇɽʧ˖ȍʧǐʧ
7ơȍǫɭˊʠȟþɭơȟơȥɽ
-ȍȇȶȍȇơɽǫȍȟơɽǫɽȶȥʠƃʠȶȍʠʂŔȥƎơȍǫɭˊʠȟƎʠɭࡲ
-þơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȇȍȶɭƎǫŔ˖ơɢȶȇɽǫʋ࡫ȍȶɭŔ˖ơɢŔȟ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ¡ʠȍʋǫʽǫʋŔȟǫȥƎơɽʋơǐǫǫȍơŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơŹȶȍ
ɽǬʽǬȇŔɭŹȶȥǠǫƎɭŔʋɽǬ˖Ǝǫˊơʋʽơɭǫȍǫɭࡲ
122
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࡧ¡ǫƎɭǫˊŔʋǫȇɢʠɢǫȍ
ࡧáŔɭŔȥȶǫƎʂǫ˖ȶljɭơȥǫˊơŹơȥ˖ơɭʋŔŹȍȶࡲ
¡bFþ¡ƒ¥ĵ¶‘òč¥•čhč
ࡧ%ǫʋȇǫȥȍǫȇ
ࡧčˊȇʠɽʠ˖ȍʠȇ࡫ŔʂǬɭǬʠˊȇʠ
ࡧáɽǫȇȶȟȶʋȶɭɭơʋŔɭƎŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ŔǿǫʋŔɽˊȶȥ
¶áƒþF¥þ¶‘òƒ‘òĵ¶¥č
ࡧȥŔȍǿơ˖ǫ
ࡧòȶȍʠȥʠȟƎơɢɭơɽˊȶȥʠ
ࡧ‘ŔŹǬ˖ȍǬȇ
ࡧ%ʠȍŔȥʋǬ࡫ȇʠɽȟŔ
ࡧ¶ɭʋȶɽʋŔʋǫȇǠǫɢȶʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ
ࡧþȶɢȍʠǫǐȥơŹŔʂǬɢʠɢǫȍ
ࡧáɭʠɭǫʋʠɽ
1
7ò¡Ǝǫ˖njơɽǫȥƎơȇǫࠄơȇɽơȥ
ࠀࡲFȇɽơȥࡪ‘ȍǫȥǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭ
ࠁࡲFȇɽơȥࡪ‘ǫʂǫȍǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬ࡫˖ơȇŔnjơɭǫȍǫǐǫ
ࠂࡲFȇɽơȥࡪáɽǫȇǫˊŔʋɭǫƎǬʂǬŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭࢎeơȥơȍʋǬŹŹǫ
ƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭ࢏%ʠơȇɽơȥǠŔɽʋŔƎŔnjɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍơƃơȇ
ɢɽǫȇǫˊŔʋɭǫƎǬʂǬǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬȥʋŔȥǬȍŔɭǬǫƇǫȥƎǫɭࡲ
ࠃࡲFȇɽơȥࡪáɽǫȇȶɽȶɽˊŔȍʽơƇơʽɭơɽơȍɽȶɭʠȥȍŔɭࡲ
ÄɭȥơǐǫȥɃȥơȟȍǫŹǫɭˊŔȇǬȥǬȥˊǫʋǫȟǫ࡫ǫʂɽǫ˖ȇŔȍȟŔȇ࡫
ŔǐǬɭŹơƎơȥɽơȍˊŔƎŔɭʠǠɽŔȍʋɭŔʽȟŔȍŔɭࡲ
ࠄࡲFȇɽơȥࡪčˊʠȟǫʂȍơȟȍơɭǫȥǫȥʋȶɢȍʠ
ƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭǫȍȟơɽǫࡲ
‘ȶɭơࡪòǬƇɭŔˊǬƃǬǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭ
qơȟǫŹŔȍȍǫɽȟʠɽࡪȟɢȍǫʋʠƎʠljŔ˖ȍŔɽǬƇɭŔˊǬƃǬ
ǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭ
ʋơʋȶ˖ࡪĵǬȍŔȥʽŔɭǫǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭ
ȇŔʋǫ˖ǫࡪɭʋȟǬʂɢɽǫȇȶʋǫȇŔǿǫʋŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧ•ǫʋˊʠȟʠȥǿơȥɽǬȇˊŔȥơʋȇǫɽǫʋơɭȟȶɭƎʠɭࡲ
123
Küçük Stajlar | 11. Nöroloji
Nöroloji
124
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࠀࠀࡲ¥Ä趕¶ƒ
•ʠȟŹŔȍɢŔȥȇɽǫˊȶȥơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧáŔɢǫȍɃƎơȟȶȍȟŔˊŔȥʋʧȟɢơơɭǫljơɭǫȇʽơɽŔȥʋɭŔȍ
ɽǫȥǫɭɽǫɽʋơȟǫǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ%ǫȍǫȥƇŹʠȍŔȥǬȇȍǬǐǬʽơŔʋơʂ
• Meningeal irritasyon
ࡧòŔȥʋɭŔȍɽǫȥǫɭɽǫɽʋơȟǫࢎòòò࢏ơȥơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧòòòʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠʂʧɢǠơɽǫȶȍŔȥȍɃɽơȟǫʽơȍơȥljȶȟŔ
ࡧƒƎǫȶɢŔʋǫȇǫȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫˊŔȍǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽˊǫȶȥ
ࡧòʠŹŔɭŔȇȥȶǫƎȇŔȥŔȟŔ
¥ɃɭȶȍȶǿǫȇþŔȥǬĵɃȥʋơȟȍơɭǫ
࢏Fȍơȇʋɭȶljǫ˖ˊȶȍȶǿǫȇĵɃȥʋơȟȍơɭ
1) Elektroensefalografi
2) Elektromiyelografi
ࠂ࢏òǫȥǫɭǫȍơʋǫȟƇŔȍǬʂȟŔȍŔɭ
ࠃ࢏òǫȥǫɭǫȍơʋǫȟƇŔȍǬʂȟŔȍŔɭǬ
ࠄ࢏ɭƎǬɽǬɭŔɽǫȥǫɭʠˊŔɭǬȟ
ࠅ࢏ƒȍơʋǫȍȟǫʂɢȶʋŔȥɽǫˊơȍȍơɭ
‘ȶȥʋɭơȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࠀ࢏FȍơȇʋɭȶơȥɽơljŔȍȶnjɭŔljǫࡪ FȍơȇʋɭȶƎȍŔɭŔɭŔƃǬȍǬǐǬˊȍŔ
ŹơˊȥǫȥɽɢȶȥʋŔȥơȍơȇʋǫɭȇɽơȍŔȇʋǫʽǫʋơɽǫȥǫȥ
ǫȥƃơȍơȥȟơɽǫȥǫɽŔǐȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧ•ʠȟŹŔȍɢȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥˊơɭǫȥƎơȍȶȇŔȍơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥ
ࡧƒȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍȇǫʋȍơʂʧɢǠơɽǫ
• ‘ŔljŔǫƇǫŹŔɽǬȥƇŔɭʋǬʂʂʧɢǠơɽǫ
ࡧ‘ȶŔnjʠȍŔɽˊȶȥŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬ
- •ʠȟŹŔȍɢȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥʠȥơȥɽǬȇȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥʠŹŔʂ
ŔǐɭǬɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
FFeFȥƎǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
- þɭŔʽȟŔ࡫ȥơȶɢȍŔ˖ȟ࡫ơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥʽơˊŔʽŔɽȇʠȍơɭ
ǠɽʋŔȍǬǐǬŹŔǐȍǬƎơǐǫʂǫȇȍǫȇȍơɭǫȥȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ơơƎǫȍȟơɽǫʽơ
ƎơǐơɭȍơȥƎǫɭǫȍȟơɽǫࡲ
- FɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇȥɃŹơʋȍơɭơŹŔǐȍǬƎơʂŔɭǿȍŔɭǬȥȶɭǫǿǫȥʽơ
ʋǫɢȍơɭǫȥǫʋơɽɢǫʋơʋȟơȇࡲ
- FȥɽơljŔȍȶɢŔʋǫȍơɭǫȥʋŔȥǬʽơʋŔȇǫŹǫȥƎơ
- ‘ȶȟŔʽơƎŔȟȥɽʋŔȥǬɽǬȥŔˊŔɭƎǬȟƃǬȶȍȟŔȇ
- %ơˊǫȥɃȍʧȟʧʋŔȥǬɽǬȥŔˊŔɭƎǬȟƃǬȶȍȟŔȇࡲ
ࡧĵơȥǫƎȶǐŔȥƎŔǫʂǫʋȟơʋŔɭŔȟŔɽǬȥƎŔȶʋȶŔȇʠɽtik
emisyon testi
%࢏•ʠȟŹŔȍɢŔȥȇɽǫˊȶȥࡪ þŔȥǬ࡫ʋơƎŔʽǫʽơˊŔŔȥơɽʋơ˖ǫȇ
ŔȟŔƇȍŔˊŔɢǬȍŔȥǫʂȍơȟƎǫɭࡲeơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơ•ࠂ– •ࠃ
Ǡǫ˖ŔɽǬȥƎŔȥˊŔɢǬȍǬɭࡲ
Sinir Sistemi Anatomisi
‘ò¥þ¶‘趡ƒ‘%¶ò
ࡧòʠŹŔɭŔȇȥȶǫƎȇŔȥŔȟŔ
ࡧ¡ơƎʠȍȍŔɽɢǫȥŔȍǫɽŹŔɽǬɽǬ
ࡧþʧŹơɭȇʠȍȶ˖ȟơȥơȥǿǫʋ
- þơȍơȥɽơȍŔljȶȥࡪ òơɭơŹɭŔȍǠơȟǫɽljơɭȍơɭʽơŹŔ˖Ŕȍ
ganglionlar
- 7ǫơȥɽơljŔȍȶȥࡪþŔȍŔȟʠɽ࡫ơɢǫʋŔȍŔȟʠɽ࡫ǠǫɢȶʋŔȍŔȟʠɽ
- ¡ơ˖ơȥɽơljŔȍȶȥ
- áȶȥɽ
- %ʠȍŹʠɽ
- òơɭơŹơȍȍʠȟ
ĵŔʋǬȥƃŔƎʧ˖ơȍơȥŔˊŔȇʋŔŔɭʋŔȥŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬ
ࡧ•ʠȟŹŔȍɢȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥŔǐɭǬɽǬ
ࡧƒȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥˊŔȍǠǫɢȶʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥŔǐɭǬɽǬ
125
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࠀࡲ¡ơƎʠȍȍŔòɢǫȥŔȍǫɽ
ࡧ7ơƃʠɽɽŔʋǫȶɢǫɭŔȟǫƎŔɭʠȟ-ƃȶȥɽ
ȟơƎʠȍŔɭǫɽࢎ•ࠁ࢏
• C8- T12- •ࠄ- S5- C1 (31 çift
ɽɢǫȥŔȍɽǫȥǫɭ࢏
ࡧÄȥŹȶˊȥʠ˖– ȟȶʋȶɭ
ࡧɭȇŔŹȶˊȥʠ˖– Ǝʠˊʠ
ࡧ•ŔʋơɭŔȍ(intermediate) Źȶˊȥʠ˖
(T1-•ࠁ࢏ òơȟɢŔʋǫȇȥɃɭȶȥȍŔɭࡲ
¡ࡲòქ•ƒòèþFè•Fèƒ
ࡧȥʋơɭǫȶɭɽɢǫȥŔȍŔࡲ-- ĪơɭʋơŹɭŔȍŔࡲ
ࡧáȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭɽɢǫȥŔȍŔࡲ-- ĪơɭʋơŹɭŔȍŔࡲáȶɽʋࡲƒȥʋơɭ
-ȶɽʋŔȍŔɭʋơɭ
126
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
MOTOR NÖRON
ࡧeǫɭʠɽɢɭơɽơȥʋɭŔȍǫɽ(ʧɽʋ¡¥)
ࡧ‘ŔɢɽʠȍȍŔǫȥʋơɭȥŔ
ࡧ¡ơƎʠȍȍŔȶŹȍŔȥnjŔʋŔࢎŹʠȍŹʠɽ࢏
ࡧ7ơƃʠɽɽŔʋǫȶɢˊɭŔȟǫƎʠȟࢎहࠈ߿ƇŔɭɢɭŔ˖࢏
• Trࡲ‘ȶɭʋǫȇȶɽɢǫȥŔȍǫɽȍŔʋơɭŔȍǫɽ
ࡧ¡ࡲòɢǫȥŔȍǫɽɃȥŹȶˊȥʠ˖ƎŔɽǫȥŔɢɽ
ࡧȍʋ¡¥
7F胥7čĵč– ARKA KORD
ࠀࡲčȥǫɢȶȍŔɭȥɃɭȶȥ
ࠁࡲ¥ɃɭȶȥࢎȥࡲnjɭŔƃǫȍǫɽॷȥࡲƃʠȥơŔʋʠɽ࢏ ࢎŹʠȍŹʠɽ࢏
¡ơƎǫŔȍ•ơȟȥǫɽƃʠɽ
ࠂࡲ¥ɃɭȶȥࢎʋŔȍŔȟʠɽ࢏
áȶɽʋɽơȥʋɭŔȍnjǫɭʠɽࢎɢɭࡲ7ʠˊʠȇȶɭʋơȇɽǫ࢏
Ĕɽʋ¡ȶʋȶɭ ¥Ƀɭȶȥ•ơ˖ˊȶȥʠࢎáǫɭŔȟǫƎŔȍ࢏
òɢŔɽʋǫȇɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫ࡫Ǡǫɢơɭɭơljȍơȇɽǫ࡫ŹŔŹǫȥɽȇǫʽŔɭࡲ ɭʋȟǬʂ
ȇŔɽʋȶȥʧɽʧࡲ
ȍʋ¡ȶʋȶɭ¥Ƀɭȶȥ•ơ˖ˊȶȥʠ
bŔɽǫȇʧȍŔɽˊȶȥ࡫njơʽʂơȇɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫ࡫Ŕɭơljȍơȇɽǫ࡫ŹŔŹǫȥɽȇǫ
ˊȶȇࡲ
áɭȶɢǫȶɽơɢɽǫˊȶȥ࡫ʽǫŹɭŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ǫȇǫȥȶȇʋŔŔˊɭǬȟǬ
127
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
- þࠅࢫƎŔȥˊʠȇŔɭǬɽǬ– ljŔɽƃǫƃǫȍʠɽƃʠȥơŔʋʠɽ
- þࠅࢫƎŔȥŔʂŔǐǬɽǬ– ljŔɽǫƃǫƃʠȍʠɽnjɭŔƃǫȍǫɽ
ࠁࡲ¶ɢʋǫȇòǫȥǫɭ
ࡧeɃɭȟơŔ˖ȍǬǐǬ
ࡧ¶ɢʋǫljŔʋɭȶljǫ– ɢŔɢǫȍɃƎơȟ
ࡧáʠɢǫȍɭơljȍơȇɽǫȥƎơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ
• °ɝʄǨȄȢȾɧǨʄǨȢƟȢɷǩȄ sebebi MS
ࠂࡲ¶ȇʠȍȶȟȶʋȶɭòǫȥǫɭ
• Göz hareketleri
ࡧ•ơʽŔʋȶɭɢŔȍɢơŹɭŔɽʠɢࡲ
ࡧ¡ơƎǫŔȍ࡫ɽʠɢࡲǫȥljࡲɭơȇʋʠɽࡲĪơǫȥljࡲ¶Źȍǫȇࡲ
• Parasempatik (m.sphincter pupilla)
¥ࡲȶƃʠȍȶȟȶʋȶɭǫʠɽࢎzzz࢏ȍơ˖ˊȶȥʠȥƎŔࡷ
ࡧáǫʋȶ˖
ࡧFȇɽʋơɭȥŔȍɽʋɭŔŹǫɽȟʠɽࢇƌǩɻŔɻŔɻǩȊǩȄ࢈
ࡧ¡ǫƎɭǫŔ˖ǫɽ
ࡧzʂǬȇɭơljȍơȇɽǫǫȍơŔȇȶȟȟȶƎŔɽˊȶȥˊȶȇʋʠɭࡲ
ࠁࡲ‘ɭŔȥǫŔȍòǫȥǫɭȍơɭ
ࠀࡲ¶ȍljŔȇʋȶɭòǫȥǫɭ
• ‘ȶȇʠŔȍȟŔˊǬɽŔǐȍŔˊŔȥɽǫȥǫɭƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧbɭȶȥʋŔȍȍȶŹʋȟ࡫ȇŔljŔʋɭŔʽȟŔȍŔɭǬ࡫Ŕȥȶɽȟǫ࡫Ǡǫɢȶɽȟǫ
- þŔȍŔȟʠɽŔʠǐɭŔȟŔˊŔȥʋơȇƎʠˊʠ
- èơɽơɢʋɃɭȶȍŔɭŔȇȥɃɭȶȥȇʠȍȍŔȥŔȥʋơȇƎʠˊʠ
- Brodmann 34
128
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࠅࡲŹƎʠƃơȥɽòǫȥǫɭ
ࡧ•ŔʋơɭŔȍɭơȇʋʠɽȇŔɽ
ࡧ‘ƒ%ò࡫‘ŔljŔʋɭŔʽȟŔȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ•ơ˖ˊȶȥʠȥƎŔǫƇơʂŔʂǬȍǬȇ
¡Ŕɭȇʠɽeʠȥȥ%ơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫ
zʂǬȇɽŔǐȍŔȟnjɃ˖Ǝơȥȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍʠnjɃ˖ơnjơƇǫɭǫȍƎǫǐǫȥƎơ
ȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍʠnjɃ˖࡫ƎŔɭŔȍȟŔˊơɭǫȥơnjơȥǫʂȍơɭ࡫Źʠȥʠȥ
ȥơƎơȥǫǫȥƎǫɭơȇǬʂǬȇɭơljȍơȇɽǫȥǫȥ࡫ƎǫɭơȇʋǬʂǬȇ
ɭơljȍơȇɽǫȥƎơȥƎŔǠŔnjʧƇȍʧȶȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
ࠆࡲbŔɽǫŔȍòǫȥǫɭ
ࡧ¡ȶʋȶɭ࡫Ǝʠˊʠ
ࡧòʠɢɭŔȥʧȇȍơŔɭȍơ˖ˊȶȥ࡫ljŔɽǫˊŔȍɽǫȥǫɭǫȥȟȶʋȶɭ
ƇơȇǫɭƎơǐǫȥǫȥŹʠȍʠȥƎʠǐʠɢȶȥɽࢫʠȥˊʠȇŔɭǬɽǬȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
ƒȥʋɭŔȥʧȇȍơŔɭȍơ˖ˊȶȥǫɽơnjơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơljŔɽǫˊŔȍ
ȇŔȥŔȍƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
ࡧòʠɢɭŔȥʠȇȍơơɭ(santral)
ࡧ¥ʠȇȍơơɭॷƒȥljɭŔȥʠȇȍeer ࢎɢơɭǫljơɭǫȇ࢏
• Mimik kaslar
ࡧòʋŔɢơƎǫʠɽȇŔɽǬ
ࡧ7ǫnjŔɽʋɭǫȇȇŔɽǬȥʽơȥʋơɭɢȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭʠ
ࡧòʋˊȍȶǠˊȶǫƎȇŔɽǬ
4. þɭȶȇȍơŔɭòǫȥǫɭ
ࡧòʠɢơɭǫȶɭȶŹȍǫȇȇŔɽ
ࡧeɃ˖ʧŔʂŔǐǬ-ǫƇơŹŔȇʋǬɭǬɭ
5ࡲþɭǫnjơȟǫȥŔȍòǫȥǫɭ
ࡧ1ǫǐȥơȟơȇŔɽȍŔɭǬmotor
ࡧ‘ȶɭȥơŔɭơljȍơȇɽǫࡷŔljljơɭơȥʋˊȶȍʠȥʠȥࡲ¶ɢǠʋǠŔȍȟǫƃʠɽ
ࢎĪࠀ࢏࡫ơljljơɭơȥʋˊȶȍʠȥʠȥࡲbŔƃǫŔȍǫɽ
129
òʠɢɭŔȥʠȇȍơŔɭ
‘ȶɭȥơŔ
èơljȍơˉǫ
ƒȥʋɭŔȥʠȇȍơŔɭ
ࢎƒȥljɭŔȥʠȇȍơŔɭ࢏
òŔǐȍŔȟ
‘ŔˊǬɢ
ǐǬ˖‘Ƀʂơɽǫ
‘ȥʋɭȍƎʧʂơɭ
ƒɢɽǫȍʋɭȍƎʧʂơɭ
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࠀࠁࡲqǫɢȶnjȍȶɽɽʠɽ
- Motor
- 7ǫȍ‘ŔɽȍŔɭǬ
- ƒȥljɭŔȥʧȇȍơơɭǠŔɽŔɭƎŔ ƎǫȍƎǬʂŔɭǬƇǬȇŔɭʋǬȍƎǬǐǬȥƎŔ࡫
ɽŔǐȍŔȟʋŔɭŔljǬȥȟࡲeơȥǫȶnjȍȶɽɽʠɽࢫʠʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔȥ
ǫʋǫȍƎǫǐǫǫƇǫȥ࡫ȍơ˖ˊȶȥʋŔɭŔljǬȥŔƎơʽǫˊơȶȍʠɭࡲFȇȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ȶʋŔɭŔljƎǫȍˊŔɭǬȟǬȥƎŔȇǫȇŔɽȍŔɭƎŔŔʋɭȶljǫʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ࠇࡲĪơɽʋǫŹʠȍȶȇȶǠȍơŔɭࢎòʋŔʋȶŔȇʠɽʋǫȇ࢏ Sinir
ࡧƒʂǫʋȟơऋ7ơȥnjơ
ࡧqŔɽŔɭǬɽơȥɽɃɭǫȥɃɭŔȍʋǫɢǫʂǫʋȟơȇŔˊŹǬȥŔȥơƎơȥ
ȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
bȶʽǫȍȍơòơȥƎɭȶȟʠࡪ•ơ˖ˊȶȥʋŔɭŔljǬȥƎŔȥ ĪzࡲĪơĪzzࡲ
òǫȥǫɭljơȍƃǫ࡫ŹŔȇǬʂljơȍƃǫ࡫ȇŔɭʂǬʋŔɭŔljʋŔǠơȟǫɢȍơǿǫ
ࠈࡲeȍȶɽɽȶljɭŔǫȥnjơʠɽòǫȥǫɭ
3. KORTEKS
¡ȶʋȶɭࡪ¡ࡲɽʋˊȍȶɢǠŔɭˊȥnjơʠɽࢫʠʠˊŔɭǬɭࡲ
7ʠˊʠࡪ7ǫȍǫȥŔɭȇŔࠀࡸࠂnjơȥơȍऋʋŔʋƎʠˊʠɽʠ
áòࡪeȍࡲɢŔɭȶʋǫƎơŔ
Frontal Korteks
¡ȶʋȶɭȇȶɭʋơȇɽࢎnjˊɭʠɽɢɭơƃơȥʋɭŔȍǫɽ– Br4)
•ơ˖ˊȶȥʠȥƎŔȇŔɭʂǬʽʧƃʠʋˊŔɭǬɽǬȥƎŔɽɢŔɽʋǫȇ
ǠơȟǫɢŔɭơ˖ǫࡸǠơȟǫɢȍơǿǫ
ࠀ߿ࡲĪŔnjʠɽòǫȥǫɭ
- ¡ȶʋȶɭ࡫Ǝʠˊʠ࡫áò7
- ĵʠȟʠʂŔȇƎŔȟŔȇ࡫ȍŔɭǫȥȇɽ࡫ljŔɭǫȥȇɽȇŔɽȍŔɭǬȥǬࡲࡲࡲ
- 7ǫɽljŔǿǫ࡫ɃǐʧɭȟơʽơɭơljȍơȇɽǫȥƎơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ
Kortikospinal Traktus
ࠀࠀࡲȇɽơɽʠŔɭòǫȥǫɭ
- Motor
- ò-¡ॷþɭŔɢơ˖ǫʠɽȟࡲ
- qŔɽŔɭǬȥƎŔȶȟʠ˖ȇŔȍƎǬɭǬȍŔȟŔ˖࡫ŹŔʂȇŔɭʂǬʋŔɭŔljŔ
Ƈơʽɭǫȍơȟơ˖ࡲ
130
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
áɭơȟȶʋȶɭ‘ȶɭʋơȇɽࢎ%ɭࠅ࢏
- qŔɭơȇơʋɢȍŔȥǬʽơŹơƃơɭǫȇȍǫȍǫȇ
- •ơ˖ˊȶȥʠȥƎŔŹơƃơɭǫȇɽǫ˖ȍǫȇ(apraksi)
áèƒFþ•‘¶èþF‘ò
òȶȟŔʋȶɽơȥɽȶɭǫŔȍȇȶɭʋơȇɽ (gyrus postsentralis – Br
3, 1, 2)
- ĵʧ˖ơˊơȍʽơƎơɭǫȥƎʠˊʠȍŔɭࡲ
%ɭȶȇŔȍŔȥǬࢎǫȥljࡲbɭȶȥʋŔȍnjˊɭʠɽ-ɢŔɭɽʋɭǫŔȥnjʠȍŔɭǫɽ࢏
ࢎ%èࠃࠃ࡫ࠃࠄ࢏
- ‘ȶȥʠʂȟŔȥǬȥȟȶʋȶɭŔȍŔȥǬƎǬɭࡲ
- •ơ˖ˊȶȥʠȥƎŔǠŔɽʋŔȇȶȥʠʂʠȍŔȥǬŔȥȍŔɭ ama
ȇȶȥʠʂŔȟŔ˖ࡲ (Ekspresif – motor afazi)
•ơ˖ˊȶȥʠȥƎŔ
‘ŔɭʂǬʽʧƃʠʋʋŔhemihipoestezi
131
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
TEMPORAL KORTEKS
ĭơȥǫȇơŔȍŔȥǬࢎɽʠɢࡲþơȟɢȶɭŔȍnjˊɭʠɽ࢏ࢎ%ɭࠁࠁ࢏
•ơ˖ˊȶȥʠȥƎŔŔȇǬƃǬȇȶȥʠʂʠɭŔȟŔȇȶȥʠʂʠȍŔȥǬ
ŔȥȍŔˊŔȟŔ˖ࡲ
ࠃࡲòFèF%F••èòƒòþF¡
7ǫɽɽǫȥơɭǿǫʽơˊŔŔɽǫȥơɭǿǫࡪáŔɭȟŔȇŹʠɭʠȥƎơȥơˊǫȥƎơ
ɃȥȇȶȍljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥˊŔɢʋǬɭǬȍǬɭȇơȥ˖ŔȟŔȥǬȥƎŔ
njơʽʂơȟơ˖ɽơ࡫ɃȥȇȶȍǠơƎơljࢎŹʠɭʠȥŔ࢏ˊŔȇȍŔʂǬɭȇơȥ
ƎʠɭŔȇȍŔɭࡲ
7ǫɽȟơʋɭǫࡪ ¡ơɽŔljơȥǫȥɽŔɢʋŔȥȟŔɽǬˊơʋơȥơǐǫȥǫȥ
ˊǫʋǫɭǫȍȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
7ǫɽƎǫˊŔƎȶȇȶȇǫȥơ˖ǫࡪ %ǫɭŹǫɭǫŔɭƎǬȥƃŔnjơȍơȥŹǫɭŹǫɭǫȥơ
˖ǬʋǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫˊŔɢȟŔȇʋŔnjʧƇȍʧȇƇơȇȟơȇࡲ
132
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
e•òe¶ĭ‘¶¡ò‘•òz
ƒȥʋơȥɽˊǫȶȥơȍþɭơȟȶɭࡪ ƒɽʋǫɭŔǠŔʋɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔnjɃɭʧȍȟơ˖࡫
ǫɽʋơȟȍǫǠŔɭơȇơʋɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
eɃ˖ǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫ
òɢȶȥʋŔȥŔƇǬȇ४ࠃɢʠŔȥ
òɃ˖ȍʧʠˊŔɭǬˊŔŔƇǬȇ४ࠂɢʠŔȥ
ǐɭǬȍǬʠˊŔɭǬˊŔŔƇǬȇ४ࠁɢʠŔȥ
eɃ˖ʧȥʧǠǫƇŔƇȟǬˊȶɭ४ࠀɢʠŔȥ
7ǫɽŔɭʋɭǫࡪ ‘ȶȥʠʂȟŔˊŔʽŔʂ࡫ŔʋŔȇɽǫȇ࡫ɢŔʋȍŔˊǬƃǬ
ʋǫɢʋơƎǫɭࡲ
ĵʧɭʧȟơʽơɢȶɽʋʧɭŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬࢎŔʋŔȇɽǫ࢏ࡪHasta
ŹŔƃŔȇȍŔɭǬȥǬŔƇŔɭŔȇɽơȥƎơȍǫˊơɭơȇˊʧɭʧɭࡲ
òɃ˖ȍʧ-ơʽŔɢ
Oriante ४ࠄɢʠŔȥ
‘ȶȥljʧ˖ơ४ࠃɢʠŔȥ
čˊnjʠȥɽʠ˖ȇơȍǫȟơȍơɭ४ࠂɢʠŔȥ
ȥȍŔȟɽǬ˖ɽơɽȍơɭ४ࠁ ɢʠŔȥ
ĪơɭŹŔȍƃơʽŔɢˊȶȇ४ࠀɢʠŔȥ
bŁƒ•Fè
‘ʠɭŔȍȶȍŔɭŔȇȇȶȥʠʂȟŔljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥʠȥʠɽȶȍǠơȟǫɽljơɭ
ʧɽʋȍơȥǫɭࡲࢎƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋǠơȟǫɽljơɭ࢏
ljŔ˖ǫȍơɭơȥɽǬȇȇŔɭʂǬȍŔʂǬȍŔȥȥơƎơȥǫɽȶȍȶɭʋŔ
ɽơɭơŹɭŔȍŔɭʋơɭǫȥˊŔƎŔɽȶȍȇŔɭȶʋǫɽǫȥʋơɭȥŔȥǬȥ
ʋɭȶȟŹȶʋǫȇ– ơȟŹȶȍǫȇʋǬȇŔȥȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
¡ȶʋȶɭ-ơʽŔɢ
ƒɽʋơȥǫȍơȥǫˊŔɢǬˊȶɭ४ࠅɢʠŔȥ
ǐɭǬˊǬȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ơơƎǫˊȶɭ४ࠄɢʠŔȥ
ǐɭǬȍǬʠˊŔɭǬǫȍơljȍơˉȶɭʋȶɢȍŔȥȟŔ४ࠃɢʠŔȥ
Ĕɽʋơˉʋɭơȟǫʋơȍơɭǫȥljȍơˉǫȶȥʠࢎ7ơȇȶɭʋǫȇŔɽȶˊȶȥ࢏४ࠂɢࡲ
ĔɽʋơˉʋơɭȟǫʋơȍơɭǫȥǫȥŔȥȶɭȟŔȍơˉʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥʠ४ࠁɢࡲ
ǐɭǬȍǬʠˊŔɭǬˊŔƃơʽŔɢˊȶȇ४ࠀɢʠŔȥ
‘ȍŔɽǫȇljŔ˖ǫòơȥƎɭȶȟȍŔɭǬ
%ɭȶƃŔࢎ¡ȶʋȶɭ࢏ljŔ˖ǫɽǫࡪ ‘ȶȥʠʂʠȍŔȥǬŔȥȍŔȟŔȶȍƎʠȇƇŔ
ǫˊǫƎʠɭʠȟƎŔǫȇơȥȇơȥƎǫɽǫȥǫǫljŔƎơơƎơȟơ˖ࡲ
ĭơȥǫƃȇơࢎɽơȥɽȶɭǫ࢏ljŔ˖ǫɽǫࡪqŔɽʋŔȥǬȥŔȥȍŔȟŔɽǬȥǬȥ
ǫȍơɭǫƎơɭơƃơƎơŹȶ˖ʠȍƎʠǐʠŔljŔ˖ǫࡲ
13 – ࠀࠄɢʠŔȥࡪ ¡ǫȥɃɭ%ǫȍǫȥƇ‘ŔˊŹǬ
9 – ࠀࠁɢʠŔȥࡪ ¶ɭʋŔ7ơɭơƃơƎơ%ǫȍǫȥƇ‘ŔˊŹǬ
ࠇɢʠŔȥʽơŔȍʋǬࡪ ǐǬɭ%ǫȍǫȥƇ‘ŔˊŹǬࢎȇȶȟŔˊǬǫljŔƎơơƎơɭ࢏
ࠂɢʠŔȥࡪ FȥȇɃʋʧƎʠɭʠȟƎʠɭࡲ
ƒȍơʋǫȟʋǫɢǫࢎȇȶȥƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥ࢏ŔljŔ˖ǫࡪ ĭơȥǫƃȇơʽơŹɭȶƃŔ
ŔȍŔȥǬȥǬŹŔǐȍŔˊŔȥŔɭƃʠŔʋljŔɽǫȇʧȍȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ
ȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ‘ȶȥʠʂʠȍŔȥǬŔȥȍŔȟŔʽơȇȶȥʠʂȟŔȥȶɭȟŔȍƎǫɭࡲ
ȥƃŔȇƎʠˊƎʠǐʠȥʠʋơȇɭŔɭơʋȟơʋǫɢǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇ
Źȶ˖ʠȍȟʠʂʋʠɭࡲ
FვFáòƒ
eȍȶŹŔȍࢎþȶʋŔȍ࢏ljŔ˖ǫࡪ%ɭȶƃŔ࡫ĭơȥǫƃȇơʽơŔɭȇʠŔʋ
ljŔɽǫȇʧȍʧǫƇǫȥơŔȍŔȥȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ‘ȶȥʠʂȟŔ࡫
ŔȥȍŔȟŔʽơʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔȟŔŹȶ˖ʠȍȟʠʂʋʠɭࡲòȶȍȶɭʋŔ
ɽơɭơŹɭŔȍŔɭʋơɭʋǬȇŔȥǬȇȍŔɭǬȥƎŔɢơɭǫɽǫȍʽǫŔȥŹɃȍnjơ
ǠŔɽŔɭǬnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ7ŔǫȟŔɽŔǐǠơȟǫɢȍơǿǫơʂȍǫȇơƎơɭࡲ
þŔȥǬ¡ơʋȶƎȍŔɭǬ
• ˊɭǬȥʋǬȍǬǠǫȇŔˊơ
ࡧbǫ˖ǫȇʽơȥɃɭȶȍȶǿǫȇȟʠŔˊơȥơ
ࡧþŔȟȇŔȥɽŔˊǬȟǬ࡫ȇŔȥŹǫȶȇǫȟˊŔɽǬ
ࡧFȍơȇʋɭȶơȥɽơljŔȍȶnjɭŔljǫࢎFFe࢏
• Manyơʋǫȇɭơ˖ȶȥŔȥɽnjɃɭʧȥʋʧȍơȟơࢎ¡èe࢏
ˊǬɭǬƃǬþŔȥǬ
ࡧáɽǫȇȶǿơȥǫȇȥȶȥơɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇŔʋŔȇȍŔɭ
ࡧòơȥȇȶɢࢎʽŔɽȶʽŔnjŔȍ࡫ȇŔɭƎǫˊŔȇ࡫ȶɭʋȶɽʋŔʋǫȇ࢏
ࡧčˊȇʠƎŔȶȍŔȥŔʋŔȇȍŔɭࢎȥȶȇʋʠɭȥŔȍȟˊȶȇȍȶȥʠɽ࡫
ʠˊʠɭnjơ˖ơɭȍǫȇ࢏
ࡧeơƇǫƃǫǫɽȇơȟǫȇŔʋŔȇ
• Migren
ࡧqŔɭơȇơʋŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬࢎɢŔɭȶȇɽǫɽȟŔȍȇȶɭơʋǠơʋȶɽǫɽ࡫
tikler)
%ƒ•ƒ¥1%¶Łč‘•č‘•èz
‘ȶȥljʧ˖ˊȶȥࡪĵơɭ˖ŔȟŔȥʽơȇǫʂǫȶɭˊŔȥʋŔɽˊȶȥʠȥʠȥ
Źȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠƎʠɭࡲ
•ơʋŔɭǿǫࢎòȶȟȥȶȍŔȥɽ࢏ࡪ%ŔɽǫʋƎǬʂʠˊŔɭŔȥȍŔɭȍŔ
ʠˊŔȥƎǬɭǬȍŔŹǫȍơȥʽơʠˊŔȥǬȇƎʠɭʠȟƎŔˊȇơȥŹǫȍǫȥƃǫȥ
ȥȶɭȟŔȍȶȍƎʠǐʠǫ˖ȍơȥǫȟʽơɭơȥŔȥƃŔȇʠˊŔɭŔȥ
ȇŔȍƎǬɭǬȍǬɭȇŔȍƎǬɭǬȍȟŔ˖ʠˊȇʠˊŔƎơʽŔȟǬȥǬȥnjɃ˖ȍơȥƎǫǐǫ
ɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȇƎʠɭʠȟʠƎʠɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇǫƎǫȶɢŔʋǫȇࢎहࠅࠄ࢏
- eŔȟŔȟǫȥȶ%ʧʋǫɭǫȇɽǫʋࢫǫȥࢎe%࢏Ƀȥơȟǫ
Źʧˊʧȇʋʧɭࡲ
- ƒȥǠǫŹǫʋɃɭɽǫɽʋơȟˊơʋơɭɽǫ˖ȍǫǐǫˊŔȥǬɽǬɭŔơȇɽǫʋŔʋɃɭ
ɽơʋǫȍȇȶȍǫȥ࡫ŔɽɢŔɭʋŔʋʽơnjȍʠʋŔȟŔʋnjǫŹǫ
ȥɃɭȶʋɭŔȥɽȟǫʋȍơɭǫȥŔɭʋǬʂǬȥơʋǫƃơɽǫȥƎơȇȶȥʽʧȍ˖ǫˊȶȥ
njơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
òʋʠɢȶɭࡪ •ơʋŔɭǿǫǫȍơȇȶȟŔŔɭŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫŹǫȍǫȥƇ
Źȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠƎʠɭࡲ
‘ȶȟŔࡪƒƇʽơƎǬʂʠˊŔɭŔȥȍŔɭŔʋŔȟˊŔƎŔʋŔȟŔˊŔȇǬȥ
ˊŔȥǬʋɽǬ˖ȍǬȇǫȍơȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
eȍŔɽnjȶˁȇȶȟŔɽȇŔȍŔɽǬȥŔ njɃɭơʋȶʋŔȍɽȇȶɭࠇʽơ
ŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȶȍƎʠǐʠȥƎŔȇȶȟŔȶȍŔɭŔȇȇŔŹʠȍơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
133
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
%Ŕɽǫʋ¡ȶʋȶɭFɢǫȍơɢɽǫ
- áɭơɽơȥʋɭŔȍnjˊɭʠɽȇɃȇơȥȍǫ
- ¥ɃŹơʋȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ơȇŔȍŔŹǫȍǫɭʽơˊŔȟȶʋȶɭǠȶȟȶȥȇʠȍʠɽ
ŹȶˊʠȥƃŔǫȍơɭȍơˊơŹǫȍǫɭࡲࢎŔƃȇɽȶȥǫȶȥȟŔɭʂ࢏
- áȶɽʋơɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫࢎþȶƎƎɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫɽǫ࢏
ࠀࡲáŔɭɽǫˊơȍFɢǫȍơɢɽǫȍơɭ
áŔɭɽǫˊơȍFɢǫȍơɢɽǫȍơɭ
- %ơˊȥǫȥŹơȍȍǫȇǬɽȟǬȥƎŔơɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇƎơʂŔɭǿȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
- 1ȶƃʠȇȍʠȇƎɃȥơȟǫȥơŔǫʋŹŔ˖ǬǫƎǫȶɢŔʋǫȇŹơȥǫnjȥ
ɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍơɢǫȍơɢɽǫɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠȥʠȥƎǬʂǬȥƎŔɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍ
ơɢǫȍơɢɽǫȥǫȥʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ࡫ljȶȇŔȍŹǫɭɽơɭơŹɭŔȍɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫˊơ
ǫʂŔɭơʋơƎơɭࡲ
- ¡ȶʋȶɭ࡫ƎʠˊɽŔȍ࡫ȶʋȶȥȶȟǫȇ࡫ɢɽǫʂǫȇȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- %ŔɽǫʋɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍ࡫ŹǫȍǫȥƇȇŔˊŹǬˊȶȇࡲ
- ‘ȶȟɢȍơȇɽɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍ࡫ŹǫȍǫȥƃǫȥơʋȇǫȍơȥƎǫǐǫŔȥƃŔȇ
ʋŔȟˊǫʋǫɭǫȍȟơƎǫǐǫŔʋŔȇȍŔɭࡲ
%Ŕɽǫʋ7ʠˊɽŔȍFɢǫȍơɢɽǫ
- áȶɽʋɽŔȥʋɭŔȍnjˊɭʠɽȇŔˊȥŔȇȍǬ
%Ŕɽǫʋ¶ʋȶȥȶȟǫȇFɢǫȍơɢɽǫ
- ‘ŔȥŹŔɽǬȥƃǬ– ȥŔŹǬ˖Ǝơǐǫʂǫȇȍǫȇȍơɭǫ࡫ʋơɭȍơȟơ࡫
ɽȶȍʠȇȍʠȇ࡫ljȍʠɽǠǫȥnj
%ŔɽǫʋáŔɭɽǫˊơȍFɢǫȍơɢɽǫ
- %ǫȍǫȥƇƎơǐǫʂǫȇȍǫǐǫȶȍȟŔ˖ʽơƇȶȇȇǬɽŔɽʧɭơɭࡲࢎࠁ߿– 15
saniye)
- Motor – sensorial – otonomik – ɢǫɽǫʂǫȇ
ɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭʽơɭǫɭࡲ
- 1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔơȥɽǬȇɽơŹơŹǫǫƎȶɢŔʋǫȇࡲ
- 7ŔǠŔǫȍơɭǫˊŔʂȍŔɭƎŔơȥɽǬȇɽơŹơɢȍơɭnjơƇǫɭǫȍȟǫʂ
ơȥljŔȇʋȍŔɭʽơǫȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭƎǫɭࡲ
‘ȶȟɢȍơȇɽáŔɭɽǫˊơȍFɢǫȍơɢɽǫࢎþơȟɢȶɭŔȍ•ȶŹ
Fɢǫȍơɢɽǫɽǫ– áɽǫȇȶȟȶʋȶɭFɢǫȍơɢɽǫ࢏
- FɭǫʂȇǫȥƎơơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥơɢǫȍơɢɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
- Fɢǫ˖ȶƎŔʠɭŔǫȍơŹŔʂȍŔɭࡲࢎƒʂǫʋɽơȍʽơȶȍljŔȇʋȶɭ
ǠŔȍʧɽǫȍŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ࢏
- ¶ʋȶȟŔʋǫ˖ȟŔࢎòʋɭơȶʋǫɢǫȇƎŔʽɭŔȥǬʂȍŔɭ࢏– ࢎFȥɽǬȇ
ȶɭȶŹʠȇȇȶȍǫȥnjʠŔȍǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭ࢏
- %ǫȍǫȥƇơʋȇǫȍơȥȟǫʂऋáȶɽʋǫȇʋŔȍȇȶȥljʠ˖ˊȶȥ
þơȟɢȶɭŔȍ•ȶŹ‘ŔˊȥŔȇȍǬ
ŹɽŔȥɽȥɃŹơʋǫǫȍơȇŔɭʂǬȍŔʂŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲŹɽŔȥɽȥɃŹơʋʋơ
ŔʠɭŔ࡫ȶʋȶȟŔʋǫ˖ȟŔʽơɢȶɽʋǫȇʋŔȍƎɃȥơȟ
ȶȍȟŔˊŔƃŔȇʋǬɭࡲ
òơȇȶȥƎơɭơȥơɭŔȍǫ˖ơ¥ɃŹơʋ
áŔɭɽǫˊơȍȥɃŹơʋȍơɭʋʧȟŹơˊȥơˊŔˊǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࢎʋȶȥǫȇklonik)
- FɭǫʂȇǫȥƎơȇǫnjơȥơɭŔȍǫ˖ơȥɃŹơʋȍơɭǫȥƇȶǐʠȥƎŔ
ɽȶɭʠȟȍʠƎʠɭࡲ
134
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
áŔɭɽǫˊơȍFɢǫȍơɢɽǫƎơþơƎŔʽǫ
ࠀࡲþơɭƃǫǠࡪ‘ŔɭŹŔȟŔ˖ơɢǫȥ
ࠁࡲþơɭƃǫǠࡪbơȥǫʋȶǫȥ
ࠁࡲF¥F蕃ŁFFვFáòƒ•Fè
ŹɽŔȥɽࢎáơʋǫʋ¡Ŕl)
- ȥǫŹǫȍǫȥƇȇŔˊŹǬʽơʋʧȟȟȶʋȶɭŔȇʋǫʽǫʋơȍơɭǫȥ
kesilmesi
- ¥ɃŹơʋɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔʋȶȥʧɽȇȶɭʠȥʠɭࡲ
- qǫɢơɭʽơȥʋǫȍŔɽˊȶȥǫȍơȥɃŹơʋʋơʋǫȇȍơȥǫɭࡲ
- 3 – ࠄˊŔʂǬȥƎŔŹŔʂȍŔɭࡷŔƎȶȍơɽŔȥƎɃȥơȟƎơŔ˖ŔȍǬɭࡲ
FFeࡪ ࠂƃˊƃࡸɽȥƎǫȇơȥƎŔȍnjŔljơȥȶȟơȥǫʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭ
òʋŔʋʠɽFɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇʠɽ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ FʋȶɽʧȇɽǫȟǫƎ࡮
- FenitoiȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
- ¥ɃŹơʋȍơɭǫȥŹǫȍǫȥƇŔƇǬȍȟŔƎŔȥŔɭƎŔɭƎŔnjơȍȟơɽǫ
ʽơˊŔŹǫɭȥɃŹơʋǫȥࠂ߿ƎŔȇǫȇŔƎŔȥʠ˖ʠȥɽʧɭơȟơɽǫƎǫɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥŔȥʋǫơɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇǫȍŔƃǬȥŔȥǫƎơȥ
ȇơɽǫȍȟơɽǫʽơơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
- Mortalite %10
òʋŔʋʠɽFɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇʠɽþơƎŔʽǫ
- òȶȍʠȥʠȟˊȶȍʠȥʠŔƇ
- ‘ŔȥŔȍ࡫हࠄ߿Ǝơȇɽʋɭȶ˖ࠄ߿ƃƃɢʧɽơ
- 7ǫŔ˖ơȟࠀ߿ȟnjzĪ
- Fenitoin
- Fenobarbital
- FȥʋʠŹơơʋ
- eơȥơȍȥơɽʋơ˖ǫ
¡ˊȶȇȍȶȥǫȇFɢǫȍơɢɽǫ
- ‘ǬɽŔɽʧɭơȍǫȇŔɽȇŔɽǬȍȟŔɽǬ࡫ȟˊȶȇȍȶȥʠɽ
- ¥ơɽȥơȍơɭǫȥljǬɭȍŔʋǬȍȟŔɽǬ
- ʠʽơȥǫȍʋǫɢǫɽǬȇȍǬȇȍŔɽŔŹŔǠʠˊŔȥǬɭȇơȥȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
ơȥơɭŔȍǫ˖ơþȶȥǫȇ– ‘ȍȶȥǫȇFɢǫȍơɢɽǫࢎeɭŔȥƎ¡Ŕȍ࢏
- ȥǫŹǫȍǫȥƇȇŔˊŹǬऋơɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇƇǬǐȍǬȇ
- þȶȥǫȇȇŔɽǬȍȟŔȍŔɭࢎʽʧƃʠʋʋŔʽơơȇɽʋɭơȟǫʋơȍơɭƎơ
ekstansiyon)
- 1ơȥơȇǫʋȍơȥȟơɽǫ࡫ɽǫˊŔȥȶ˖࡫ŔǐǬ˖ƎŔȇɃɢʧɭȟơ࡫
inkontinans
- ‘ȍȶȥǫȇljŔ˖ƎŔơȇɽʋɭơȟǫʋơȍơɭƎơnjơʽʂơȟơʽơljȍơȇɽɃɭ
ƇǬɭɢǬȥȟŔऋ
- ¡ơȥɽʋʠɭŔɽˊȶȥƎɃȥơȟǫȥƎơɽǬȇȍŔʂŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
(Katamenial)
- ơȥơɭŔȍǫ˖ơʋȶȥǫȇ-ȇȍȶȥǫȇȥɃŹơʋȍơɭࢎeɭŔȥƎ¡Ŕl)
ȟơʋŔŹȶȍǫȇŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭŔŹŔǐȍǬơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥ
ȥɃŹơʋȍơɭƎǫɭࡲ
bơŹɭǫȍ‘ȶȥʽʠȍɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭ
- 6 ay – ࠅˊŔʂŔɭŔɽǬ
- òòòơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠ ƎǬʂǬȥƎŔˊʧȇɽơȇŔʋơʂȍǫǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇ
- òǬȇȍǬȇȍŔʽǫɭŔȍĔòĵF࡫ɭȶɽơȶȍŔ࡫¶ʋǫʋǫɽȟơƎǫŔɽȶȥɭŔɽǬ
- 1ȶƃʠȇʋŔơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥȇȶȥʽʠȍɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
135
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
%ŔɽǫʋbơŹɭǫȍ‘ȶȥʽʧȍɽǫˊȶȥ
- eơȥơʋǫȇˊŔʋȇǬȥȍǬȇࢎŔǫȍơƎơb‘ǠǫȇŔˊơɽǫऋ࢏
- ʋơʂऑࠂࠇࢫ
- ơȥơɭŔȍǫ˖ơʋȶȥǫȇȇȍȶȥǫȇȇȶȥʽʧȍɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
- KǬɽŔɽʧɭơɭࢎऒࠀࠄƎŔȇǫȇŔ࢏
- ࠁࠃɽŔŔʋǫƇǫȥƎơʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔȟŔ˖ࡲ
Soru
%ǫɭƎơȥƇȶȇȥɃŹơʋ ʋǫɢǫȥǫȥŹǫɭŔɭŔƎŔnjɃɭʧȍƎʧǐʧ
ȟơȥʋŔȍɭơʋŔɭƎŔɽˊȶȥŔǠǫɢơɭŔȇʋǫʽǫʋơnjǫŹǫ
ƎŔʽɭŔȥǬʂŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬȥǬȥƎŔɽǬȇȍǬȇȍŔơʂȍǫȇơʋʋǫǐǫ
ơɢǫȍơɢɽǫŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫƎǫɭࡳ
࢏ĭơɽʋòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
%࢏•ơȥȥȶˉ– eơɽʋŔʠʋɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
-࢏ŹɽŔȥɽFɢǫȍơɢɽǫ
7࢏%ŔɽǫʋɢŔɭɽǫˊơȍFɢǫȍơɢɽǫ
E) MyoklonǫȇFɢǫȍơɢɽǫ
‘ȶȟɢȍǫȇơbơŹɭǫȍ‘ȶȥʽʧȍɽǫˊȶȥ
- qŔljǫljˊʧȇɽơȇŔʋơʂʋơƎơȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- č˖ʠȥɽʧɭơȍǫƎǫɭࡲࢎऑࠀࠄƎŔȇǫȇŔ࢏
- ࠁࠃɽŔŔʋǫƇǫȥƎơʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔˊŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- bȶȇŔȍȥɃŹơʋ
- ¥ɃɭȶȍȶǿǫȇƎơljǫɽǫʋnjɃɭʧȍơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࠂࡲ¥þƒFვFáþƒ‘ƒ•1•è
þơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧʋơʂǫƎʧʂʧɭࢎɢŔɭŔɽơʋŔȟȶȍ࢏
ࡧʋơʂɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔɭơȇʋŔȍƎǫŔ˖ơȟ
ࡧbơȥȶŹŔɭŹǫʋŔȍࢎɢɭȶȍŔȇɽǫ࢏
ࡧþơȇljơŹɭǫȍȇȶȥʽʧȍ˖ˊȶȥƎŔɢɭȶljȍŔȇʋǫȇʋƎʽʽơɭǫȍȟơ˖ࡲ
bơȥǫʋȶǫȥ
- áŔɭɽǫˊơȍʽơeɭŔȥƎȟŔȍơɢǫȍơɢɽǫˊơȇŔɭʂǬơʋȇǫȍǫƎǫɭࡲ
- ŹɽŔȥɽȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍȟŔ˖࡫ƎʠɭʠȟʠƎŔǠŔƎŔȇɃʋʧȍơʂǫɭࡲ
ĵŔȥơʋȇǫȍơɭ
- ¥ǫɽʋŔnjȟʠɽ࡫ŔʋŔȇɽǫ
- eǫȥnjǫʽŔǠǫɢơɭɢȍŔ˖ǫ
- þơɭŔʋȶǿơȥǫȇࢎbơʋŔȍǠǫƎŔȥʋȶǫȥɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ࢏ࡪzčeè࡫
¡è࡫¡ǫȇɭȶɽơljŔȍǫ࡫ljŔȍŔȥȇɽǠǫɢȶɢȍŔ˖ǫ
ĭơɽʋòơȥƎɭȶȟʠࢎƒȥljŔȥʋǫȍɽɢŔɽȟ࢏
- 3 – ࠆŔˊȍŔɭƎŔơɭȇơȇȍơɭƎơƎŔǠŔɽǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
- þʠŹơɭȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖ƎŔǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲࢎƎơȥŹȶȟŔɽơŹŔɽơʠȟ࡫
ȟˊȶȇȍȶȥǫȇȥɃŹơʋȍơɭ࡫ȟơȥʋŔȍɭơʋŔɭƎŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ȇŔɭƎǫŔȇ
ɭŔŹƎȶȟˊȶȟ࡫ɭơȥŔȍŔȥǿǫȶȟˊȶȍǫɢȶȟ࢏
- áơɭǫȥŔʋŔȍŔɽljǫȇɽǫ࡫òòòǫȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
%ȶˊʠȥnjɃʽƎơʽơơȇɽʋɭơȟǫʋơȍơɭƎơȶȍʠʂŔȥɽǫȟơʋɭǫȇ
ȟŔɽɽǫljȟǫˊȶȇȍȶȥǫȍơɭƎǫɭࡲ
bơȥȶŹŔɭʋǫʋŔȍ
- bơȥǫʋȶǫȥǫȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍƎǬǐǬơɢǫȍơɢɽǫʋʧɭȍơɭǫȥƎơ
ƇȶƃʠȇʋŔǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠʋǫɭࡲ
- bơŹɭǫȍȇȶȥʽʠȍɽǫˊȶȥɢɭȶljȍŔȇɽǫɽǫȥƎơǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠʋǫɭࡲ
FFeࡪ qǫɢɽŔɭǫʋȟǫ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ ‘ȶɭʋǫ˖ȶȥ࡫-þq࡫ĪǫnjŔŹŔʋɭǫȥ
FʋȶɽʧȇɽǫȟǫƎ
- ŹɽŔȥɽȥɃŹơʋȍơɭǫȥǫȥɢɭǫȟơɭǫȍŔƃǬƎǬɭࡲ
ĪŔȍɢɭȶǫȇɽǫʋ
- e%ʋɭŔȥɽŔȟǫȥŔ˖ǬǫȥǠǫŹơơƎơɭࡲ
- FȥnjơȥǫʂɽɢơȇʋɭʠȟȍʠŔȥʋǫơɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇʋǫɭࡲࢎǠơȟnjɭŔȥƎ
ȟŔȍ࡫ǠơȟŔŹɽŔȥɽ࢏
ĵŔȥơʋȇǫȍơɭǫ
ࡧqơɢŔʋȶʋȶȇɽǫɽǫʋơ࡫ɢŔȥȇɭơŔʋǫʋ
ࡧþơɭŔʋȶǿơȥǫȇơʋȇǫࡪɽɢǫȥŔŹǫljǫƎŔ
•Ŕȟȶʋɭǫǿǫȥ
- eȍʠʋŔȟŔʋ࡫ŔɽɢŔɭʋŔʋɽŔȍǬȥǬȟǬȥǬŔ˖ŔȍʋǬɭࡲ
- qơɭǫȇǫʋǫɢơɢǫȍơɢɽǫƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
- eơŹơƎơǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠʋǫɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇˊŔȥơʋȇǫɽǫƃǫȍʋƎɃȇʧȥʋʧȍơɭǫƎǫɭࡲࢎòò࢏
þȶɢǫɭŔȟŔʋࡪ %ɃŹɭơȇþŔʂǬ࡫eȍȶȇȶȟ࡫qǫɢȶǠǫƎɭȶɽǫɽ
ŁȶȥǫɽŔȟǫƎࡪ%ɃŹɭơȇþŔʂǬ
136
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
eơɭǫȍǫȟþǫɢǫ%ŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬ
- FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
- 7ǫljljʧ˖࡫ȇʧȥʋ࡫ɽǬ˖ȍŔˊǬƃǬ࡫ŹŔȥƎʂơȇȍǫȥƎơƎǫɭࡲ
- áɽǫȇȶǿơȥǫȇƎʠɭʠȟ࡫ɽʋɭơɽ
ƒȍȇþơɭƃǫǠȍơɭ
%ŔɽǫʋáŔɭɽǫˊơȍࡪ‘ŔɭŹŔȟŔ˖ơɢǫȥ
‘ȶȟɢȍơȇɽáŔɭɽǫˊơȍࡪ ‘ŔɭŹŔȟŔ˖ơɢǫȥ
ŹɽŔȥɽࡪFʋȶɽʠȇɽǫȟǫƎ
¡ˊȶȇȍȶȥǫȇࡪ‘ȍȶȥŔ˖ơɢŔȟ࡫ʽŔȍɢɭȶǫȇŔɽǫʋ
ʋȶȥǫȇࡪ‘ȍŔȥŔ˖ơɢŔȟ
Tonik – ‘ȍȶȥǫȇࢎeɭŔȥƎ¡Ŕȍ࢏ࡪ bơȥǫʋȶǫȥ࡫
ȇŔɭŹŔȟơ˖Ŕɢǫȥ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ ȥŔȍǿơ˖ǫȇ
eơŹơȍǫǐǫȥFɢǫȍơɢɽǫˊơFʋȇǫɽǫ
हࠀ߿ȥɃŹơʋȍơɭƎơŔɭʋȟŔ
हࠄȥɃŹơʋȍơɭƎơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ
हࠇࠄƎơǐǫʂǫȇȍǫȇˊȶȇ
%÷hèzòz
%ŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬʋơȟŔȍȟơȇŔȥǫ˖ȟŔȍŔɭǬ
- 7ʠɭŔȥǬȥʋɭŔȇɽǫˊȶȥʠʽơŔǐɭǬˊŔǠŔɽɽŔɽˊŔɢǬȍŔɭǬȥ
ʠˊŔɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ
- ƒȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫˊơȍŔɭʋơɭȍơɭǫȥƎŔɭŔȍȟŔɽǬʽơnjơȥǫʂȍơȟơɽǫ
- ‘ŔljŔƎŔȇǫŔǐɭǬˊŔǠŔɽɽŔɽˊŔɢǬȍŔɭǬȥʽơˊŔƇơʽɭơɽǫȥǫȥ
ǫȥljȍŔȟŔɽˊȶȥʠ
- %¶òŔȇǬȟˊȶȍʠȥʠȥȶŹɽʋɭʠȇɽˊȶȥʠǫȍơ
ǫȥʋɭŔʽơȥʋɭǫȇʠȍŔɭŹŔɽǬȥƃǬȥŔɭʋȟŔɽǬ
- ƒȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫˊŔȍȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬȥȇɭŔȥǫˊŔȍʽơɽơɭʽǫȇŔȍ
ɽǫȥǫɭȍơɭơŹŔɽǬˊŔɢȟŔɽǬࡲ
¡ƒeèF¥
- áʠȍɽŔʋǫȍ࡫˖ȶȥȇȍŔˊǬƃǬ࡫ljȶȥȶljȶŹǫ࡫ljȶʋȶljȶŹǫ࡫ŹʠȍŔȥʋǬ
ȇʠɽȟŔࡲࡲ
- ǫȍơqǫȇŔˊơɽǫऋȇŔƎǬȥǠŔɽʋŔ
PATOGENEZ
¡ǫnjɭơȥŔǐɭǬɽǬ࡫ȥȶɭŔƎɭơȥơɭǿǫȇʽơɽơɭȶʋȶȥơɭǿǫȇ
ȍǫljȍơɭǫȥʠˊŔɭǬȍȟŔɽǬ࡫ǫȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫˊŔȍƎŔȟŔɭȍƎŔ
ʽŔ˖ȶƎǫȍŔʋŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ʋɭǫnjơȟǫȥŔȍɽǫȥǫɭǫȥŔljljơɭơȥʋȍǫljȍơɭǫȥ
ŔȇʋǫʽŔɽˊȶȥʠ࡫ǫȥljȍŔȟȟŔʋʠŔɭȥɃɭȶɢơɢʋǫƎȍơɭǫȥ
ɽŔȍǬȥȟŔɽǬʽơɽʋɭơǫȍȥɃɭȶǿơȥǫȇǫȥljȍŔȟŔɽˊȶȥǫȍơ
ȟơˊƎŔȥŔnjơȍǫɭࡲ
हࠇ߿ʠɭŔɽǬ˖¡ǫnjɭơȥ
हࠁ߿ʠɭŔȍǬ¡ǫnjɭơȥ
ʠɭŔȍǬ¡ǫnjɭơȥࢎ‘ȍŔɽǫȇ¡ǫnjɭơȥ࢏
- FȥɽǬȇʽǫɽʠŔȍŔʠɭŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲࢎòȇȶʋȶȟ࢏
- áɭȶƎɭȶȟŔȍɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭࢎŔȥȇɽǫˊơʋơ࡫ŔȍǬȥnjŔȥȍǬȇ࡫
sinirlilik)
- ŁȶȥȇȍŔˊǬƃǬǠơȟǫȇɭŔȥǫŔȍŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
ࢎ%ǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍƎơȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ࢏
eơɭǫȍǫȟʋǫɢǫࡪ
¡ǫnjɭơȥࡪ
ƇȍǬȇࡪ
òǫȥʧ˖ǫʋࡪ
þʧȟɃɭࡪ
%70
%16
%19
%16
ह߿ࡲࠀ
137
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ʠɭŔɽǬ˖¡ǫnjɭơȥࢎeơȥơȍ¡ǫnjɭơȥ࢏
- áɭȶƎɭȶȟŔȍɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭˊȶȇ࡫ŔʠɭŔˊȶȇࡲ
- áơɭǫȶɭŹǫʋŔȍ࡫ŹǫȍŔʋɭŔȍ࡫˖ȶȥȇȍŔˊǬƃǬƎǬɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥȟǫnjɭơȥʋǫɢǫƎǫɭࡲࢎहࠆ߿࢏
Soru
òŔȥǫˊơȍơɭǫƇǫȥƎơȟŔȇɽǫȟʠȟŔƇǬȇǬɢŹǫɭȇŔƇ
ƎŔȇǫȇŔǫƇǫȥƎơɽȶȥȍŔȥŔȥࢨƎɭȶɢŔʋʋŔƃȇࢩʋǫɢǫ
ŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬǠŔȥnjǫɽǫȥƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡳ
A) Migren
%࢏‘ʧȟơʋǫɢǫŔǐɭǬ
-࢏þɭǫnjơȟǫȥŔȍȥơʽɭŔȍǿǫ
7࢏ƒȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍȇǫʋȍơʠˊŔɭǬɽǬ
F࢏òʠŹŔɭŔȇȥȶǫƎȇŔȥŔȟŔ
‘Ĕ¡F%÷hèzòzࢎqǫɽʋŔȟǫȥơɭǿǫȇŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬ࢏
- čȥǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍ࡫ɢơɭǫȶɭŹǫʋŔȍŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬ
- •ŔȇɭǫȟŔɽˊȶȥऋɭǫȥȶɭơ
- हࠀ߿߿¶ࠁŔǐɭǬɭŔǠŔʋȍŔɭࡲ
- Proflakside ʽơɭŔɢŔȟǫȍ࡫•ǫʋˊʠȟʽơȇȶɭʋǫȇȶɽʋơɭȶǫƎ
- ¶ɢǫŔʋȍŔɭȇȶȥʋɭŔơȥƎǫȇơ࡮
áŔʋȶljǫ˖ˊȶȍȶǿǫ
- òơɭŔʋȶȥǫȥŔɭʋǬʂǬ
þơʋǫȇȍơˊơȥbŔȇʋɃɭȍơɭ
%ơˊŔ˖ɢơˊȥǫɭ࡫ŔƇȍǬȇ࡫ɽʋɭơɽ࡫ʠˊȇʠɽʠ˖ȍʠȇ࡫ˊȶɭnjʠȥȍʠȇ࡫
ȟơȥɽʋʠɭŔɽˊȶȥ࡫ƇǫȇȶȍŔʋŔʽɽࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫ
ȇʠʋʋŔȇ
- Ergotamin
- 5-qþࢎɽơɭȶʋȶȥǫȥ࢏ŔnjȶȥǫɽʋȍơɭǫþɭǫɢʋŔȥȍŔɭ
ࢎɽʠȟŔʋɭǫɢʋŔȥ࡫ȥŔɭŔʋɭǫɢʋŔȥ࢏
ࡧáŔɭŔɽơʋŔȟȶȍ࡫ò࡫¥òƒ7
ࡧȥʋǫơȟơʋǫȇࢎȟơʋȶȇȍȶɢɭŔɢŔȟǫƎ࢏
áɭȶljȍŔȇɽǫࢎऑࠁŔʋŔȇࡸǠŔljʋŔ࢏
- Beta bloker (ilk tercih)
- áɭȶljǫȍŔȇɽǫƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔȥȟơʋǫ˖ơɭǿǫƎʽơɢǫ˖ȶʋǫljơȥ
ŔȇʠʋŔʋŔȇʋơƎŔʽǫɽǫȥƎơȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭɽŔŔǐɭǬˊǬŔɭʋǬɭǬɭȍŔɭࡲ
ȇʠʋŔʋŔȇʋŔȇȶȥʋɭơȥƎǫȇơƎǫɭࡲ
‘ɭȶȥǫȇáŔɭŔȇɽǫɽȟŔȍqơȟǫȇɭŔȥǫŔ
- ‘ʧȟơʋǫɢǫŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬȥŔŹơȥ˖ơɭ
- ʋŔȇȍŔɭƎŔǠŔȇǬɽŔʽơɽǬȇ
- ƒȥƎȶȟơʋŔɽǫȥơƇȶȇǫˊǫƃơʽŔɢ
áè¶bƒ•‘þƒ‘
þèƒeF¡ƒ¥•¥FĪ蕍ƒ
- %ơʋŔŹȍȶȇɃɭȍơɭࢎáɭȶɢȥŔȍȶȍ࡫¡ơʋȶɢɭȶȍȶȍ࢏
- Anti ƎơɢɭơɽŔȥȍŔɭࢎȟǫʋɭǫɢʋǫȍǫȥ࡫òòèz࢏
- ȥʋǫơɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇǫȍŔƇȍŔɭࢎĪŔȍɢɭȶǫȇŔɽǫʋ࡫ʋȶɢǫɭŔȟŔʋ࡫
njŔŹŔɢơȥʋǫȥ࢏
- ‘ŔȍɽǫˊʠȟȇŔȥŔȍŹȍȶȇɃɭȍơɭǫࢎbȍʠȥŔɭǫ˖ǫȥ࡫ʽơɭŔɢŔȟǫȍ࢏
- þɭǫnjơȟǫȥŔȍɽǫȥǫɭǫȥơɭʽŔɽˊȶȥŹɃȍnjơɽǫȥƎơʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫ
ŔǐɭǬऋ
- ‘ŔƎǬȥƎŔɽǬȇ
- ǐɭǬƎȶȇʠȥȟŔȇȍŔŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
- ¡ʠŔˊơȥơnjơȥơȍƎơȥȶɭȟŔȍƎǫɭ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ ‘ŔɭŹŔȟŔ˖ơɢǫȥ࡮
138
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
eȍȶɽɽȶljŔɭơȥnjơŔȍ¥ơʽɭŔȍǿǫ
ࠀࡲ%ơˊȥǫȥ7ŔȟŔɭȍŔɭǬʽơ•ơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
- ¶ɭȶljŔɭơȥȇɽ࡫ʋȶȥɽǫȍɢȍǫȇŔȍŔɭǬʽơƎǫȍȇɃȇʧȥƎơŔǐɭǬ
ǫȍơȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲ
- ƒȍȇʋơƎŔʽǫɽơƇơȥơǐǫȇŔɭŹŔȟŔ˖ơɢǫȥƎǫɭࡲ
Anterior Serebral Arter (ASA)
- %ơˊǫȥˊŔɭǬȟȇʧɭơȍơɭǫŔɭŔɽǬȥǬŹơɽȍơɭࡲ
- qŔɽŔɭǬȥƎŔȇȶȥʋɭŔȍŔʋơɭŔȍŔȍʋơȇɽʋɭơȟǫʋơƎơ
njʧƇɽʧ˖ȍʧȇऋɽljǫȥȇʋơɭȇʠɽʠɭʠnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
òFèF%è¶Īò‘Ĕ•Fèqòþ•z‘•R
- ࠂࡲơȥɽǬȇɃȍʧȟȥơƎơȥǫƎǫɭࡲ
ɭʋơɭǫŔòơɭơŹɭǫ¡ơƎǫŔࢎ¡-࢏
- %ơˊǫȥȍŔʋơɭŔȍˊʧ˖ʧȥʧŹơɽȍơɭࡲ
- qŔɽŔɭǬȥƎŔŔljŔ˖ǫऋࢎȇȶȥʠʂȟŔŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ–
ƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋǠơȟǫɽljơɭơʋȇǫȍơȥȟǫʂǫɽơ࢏
- ‘ȶȥʋɭŔȍŔʋơɭŔȍȟȶʋȶɭʽơƎʠˊɽŔȍȇŔˊǬɢࢎʧɽʋ
ơȇɽʋɭơȟǫʋơƎơŹŔɽȇǬȥ)
ɭʋơɭǫŔòơɭơŹɭǫáȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭࢎáò࢏
- ¶ȇɽǫɢǫʋŔȍȍȶŹŹơɽȍơɭ
- qŔɽŔɭǬȥƎŔȇȶȥʋɭŔȍŔʋơɭŔȍǠȶȟȶȥǫȟǠơȟǫŔȥȶɢɽǫ
139
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
þơƎŔʽǫ
- t-PA (ilk 3 saatte)
- ò࡫ȇȍȶɢǫƎȶnjɭơȍ࡫ǠơɢŔɭǫȥ
- ‘ƒ%òʋƎࢎȟŔȥȥǫʋȶȍ࡫ljʠɭȶɽơȟǫƎ࡫ȟơȇŔȥǫȇ
ʽơȥʋǫȍŔʋɃɭ࢏
F¡%¶•ƒ‘òĪ¶
- òĪ¶ࢫȥʠȥहࠂࠄ– ࠃ߿ɽơŹơŹǫƎǫɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇ‘ŔɭȶʋǫɽŹǫljʠɭȇŔɽˊȶȥʠȥƎŔȥȇȶɢŔɭࡲ
- Emboli habercisi klinik TIAࢫƎǬɭࡲ
þŔȥǬ
- ‘ŔɭȶʋǫɽƎȶɢȍơɭčòeࢎǫȍȇ࢏
- Karotis anjiografi (kesin)
ȥʋࡲòǫɭȇʧȍŔɽˊȶȥࢎ‘Ŕɭȶʋǫɽɽǫɽʋơȟǫ࢏
- ¡ȶʋȶɭ࡫ƎʠˊɽŔȍȇŔˊǬɢऋŔljŔ˖ǫ
áȶɽʋࡲòǫɭȇʧȍŔɽˊȶȥࢎʽơɭʋơŹɭŔŹŔɽǫȍȍơɭ࢏
- ‘ɭŔȥǫŔȍɽǫȥǫɭljơȍƇȍơɭǫऋɽơɭơŹơȍȍŔɭŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭ
þơƎŔʽǫ
- ASA
- ‘ȍȶɢǫƎȶnjɭơȍ
- qơɢŔɭǫȥ
- Karotis balon-stent
- Karotis endarterektomi (%70 - 99)
þFè¶ò‘•Fè¶þƒ‘þ趡%¶þƒ‘òĪ¶
- FȥɽǬȇ¡-ʋǬȇŔȥǬɭࡲ
þŔȥǬ
- %þࢎǫȍȇࠁࠃɽŔࡲ%ʠȍnjʠʽơɭȟơˊơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ࢏
- 7ǫljljʠ˖ˊȶȥ¡è
ƒ¥þèòFèF%蕑¥¡
- FȥɽǬȇɽơŹơŹǫǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
- FȥɽǬȇɢʠʋŔȟơȥơȇŔȥŔɭࡲ
140
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
•Ŕȇʠȥơɭ ƒȥljŔȇʋ
- •-7ȶɢŔ-7ȶɢŔȟǫȥơɭǿǫȇnjȶȥǫɽʋȍơɭ– ¡¶ƒ¥q
ࢎòơȍơǿǫǫȥ࡫ɭŔɽŔǿǫȍǫȥ࢏– -ȶȟʋƒȥǠǫŹǫʋɃɭȍơɭǫ
ࢎFȥʋŔȇŔɢȶȥ࢏
7ơɭǫȥɢơȥơʋɭŔȥŔɭʋơɭȍơɭǫȥȶȇȍʧ˖ˊȶȥʠǫȍơȶɭʋŔˊŔ
ƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
ࡧqǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ࡫7¡
ࡧ¡ơȥʋŔȍˊǬȇǬȟ࡫ƎơȥnjơŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ࡫ɢɽɃƎȶŹʠȍŹơɭ
ɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫࢎ¡ʠȍʋǫǫȥljŔɭȇʋƎơȟŔȥɽ࢏
þŔȥǬࡪBT
òƒ¥ƒèòƒòþF¡ƒ7FF¥Fèþƒbqòþ•z‘•èz
ȍ˖ǠơǫȟơɭqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
- ĵŔʂȍǬȍŔɭƎŔơȥɽǬȇƎơȟŔȥɽ ɽơŹơŹǫƎǫɭࡲࢎࠁࡲ
¡ʠȍʋǫǫȥljŔɭȇʋƎơȟŔȥɽ࢏
- ¥ɃɭȶȥȟơȟŹɭŔȥǬȥƎŔŹơʋŔŹǫɭǫȇǫɭࡲࢎŹơʋŔࡸnjŔȟŔ
ɽơȇɭơʋŔ˖࢏– ࢎɽơȥǫȍɢȍŔȇ࢏
- ¥ǫnjɭȶɽʋɭǫŔʋŔȍyalaktaki ƎȶɢŔȟǫȥơɭǿǫȇ ȥɃɭȶȥ
ȇŔˊŹǬऋ
- e%ॷƃǠŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
ࡧʋɭȶljǫơȥŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥȶȍŔɭŔȇǠǫɢȶȇŔȟɢʠɽ࡫ɢŔɭǫˊơʋŔȍ࡫
ʋơȟɢȶɭŔȍ࡫ljɭȶȥʋŔȍȇȶɭʋơȇɽƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ࡧ7ȶˁȥɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠȥƎŔƎŔǠŔɽǬȇࡲ
ࡧ¡ǫȇɭȶɽȇȶɢǫȇŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬɽơȥǫȍɢȍŔȇȍŔɭ࡫ȥɃɭȶljǫŹɭǫȇȍơɭ
ˊʠȟŔȇȍŔɭǠǫɭȶȥȶƃǫɽǫȟƃǫȇȍơɭǫʽơŔȟǫȇȶǫƎ
ŔȥǿǫȶɢŔʋǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧĵŔȇǬȥŹơȍȍơȇʋơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔʽơʠȥʠʋȇŔȥȍǬȇʋǫɢǫȇȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ǫȍȇŹơȍǫɭʋǫƎǫɭࡲ
ࡧɃȥƃơȍǫȇȍơɭƃơɭǿǫȇȥɃɭȶȥȍȶɭơʋȇǫȍơȥǫɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫ
- •ࡲƎȶɢŔࢎȇŔɭŹǫƎȶɢŔ࡫ŹơȥɽơɭŔ˖ǫƎǫȍơ࢏
- ȥʋǫȇȶȍǫȥơɭǿǫȇȍơɭ࡫ŔȟŔȥʋŔƎǫȥ࡫ƎȶɢŔȟǫȥ
agonistleri
- Selejilin (MAO-B inh)
á葃¥ò¶¥á•čòòF¥7趡č
þơƎŔʽǫ
- þŔƃɭǫȥơ࡫Ǝȶȥơ˖ơɢǫȍ࡫ɭǫʽŔɽʋǫnjȟǫȥ࡫njȍŔȥʋŔȟǫȥ
ࢎɭơʽơɽǫŹȍơ‘F ǫȥǠࡲ࢏
- ¡ơȟŔȥʋǫȥࢎ¥¡7ɭơɽɢʋɃɭŹȍȶȇơɭǫ࢏
ࠀ࢏¡ʠȍʋǫɽǫɽʋơȟŔʋɭȶljǫࢎ¡ò࢏ࡪ òơɭơŹơȍȍŔɭʽơ
ȶʋȶȥȶȟǫȇŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬȥơȇȍơȥǫɭࡲ
Ŕࡲ¶ȍǫʽȶɢȶȥʋȶɽơɭơŹơȍȍŔɭʋɭȶljǫࢎ¡ò--࢏ࡪ serebellar
ʽơɢȶȥɽŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬࡲ
ŹࡲòʋɭǫŔʋȶȥǫnjɭŔȍ7ơǿơȥơɭŔɽˊȶȥࢎ¡ò-á࢏ࡪ ʋǫɢǫȇ
ȶȍŔɭŔȇƎȶɢŔȟǫȥơƃơʽŔɢˊȶȇ࡫ŹŔʂǬȥɃȥơơǐǫȍȟơɽǫ
ʽŔɭࡲ
ƃࡲòǠˊ-ƎɭŔnjơɭòơȥƎɭȶȟʠࡪ ¶ʋȶȥȶȟǫȇŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭ
belirgin (hipotansiyon vs.)
áƒ-‘7F¡¥òz
- bɭȶȥʋȶʋơȟɢȶɭŔȍȍȶŹŔʋɭȶljǫɽǫ
- áǫƃȇƃǫɽǫȟƃǫǐǫࢎʋŔʠɢɭȶʋơǫȥǫ࢏
á葃¥ò¶¥qòþ•zhz
ࠁ࢏áɭȶnjɭơɽɽǫljòʠɢɭŔȥʧȇȍơơɭáŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫࡪ7ơȟŔȥɽ࡫
ƎơȥnjơŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ࡫ŹʠȍŹơɭʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʽơơȇɽʋɭŔȶȇʧȍơɭ
ȇŔɽɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫɽǫȥơŹŔǐȍǬƎǫɢȍȶɢǫʽơɽǫȟơʋɭǫ
- FȥɽǬȇǫƎǫȶɢŔʋǫȇɢŔɭȇǫȥɽȶȥǫ˖ȟऋ
- òơȇȶȥƎơɭࡪǫȍŔƇȍŔɭ࡫ǫȥʋȶȇɽǫȇŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
- þɭơȟȶɭ࡫ɭǫǿǫƎǫʋơ࡫ŹɭŔƎǫȇǫȥơ˖ǫ࡫ȟŔɽȇơˊʧ˖࡫ɢȶɽʋʠɭ
Ǝơǐǫʂǫȇȍǫȇȍơɭǫ
ࠂ࢏‘ŔɭʋǫȇȶŹŔ˖Ŕȍ7ơǿơȥơɭŔɽˊȶȥࡪ K Rijidite
ȟơʽƃʠʋʋʠɭࡲɽǫȟơʋɭǫȇơȇɽʋɭơȟǫʋơŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬˊŔȥǬȥƎŔ
ơȇɽʋɭŔɢǫɭŔȟǫƎŔȍŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭࡲ
%ƒ•ƒ¥¡FòƒeFèF‘F¥•Fè
ࠃ࢏•ơˁˊƃǫɽǫȟƃǫȇȍơɭǫƎơȟŔȥɽࡪơȇɽʋɭŔɢǫɭŔȟǫƎŔȍ
ŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭʽơnjɃɭɽơȍǠŔȍʧɽǫȥŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ
- FȥɽǬȇǫƎǫˊȶɢŔʋǫȇ
- •ơˁˊƃǫɽǫȟƃǫǐǫ
- áŔɭȇǫȥɽȶȥʋɭơȟȶɭʠǫȍȇɽơȟɢʋȶȟ
- èǫǿǫƎǫʋơ࡫ɭŔƎǫȇǫȥơ˖ǫ࡫ɢȶɽʋʧɭƎơǐǫʂǫȇȍǫȇȍơɭǫ
ࠄ࢏eʠŔȟࢫǬȥáŔɭȇǫȥɽȶȥ– 7ơȟŔȥɽ•òȇȶȟɢȍơȇɽǫ
141
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
qč¥þƒ¥eþ¶¥qòþ•zhz
þơƎŔʽǫ
qŔɭơȇơʋŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬ࡫ɢɽǫȇǫˊŔʋɭǫȇɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭʽơ
ƎơȟŔȥɽȍŔȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơȶʋȶ˖ȶȟŔȍƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋ
dejeȥơɭŔʋǫljŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
èǫȍʠ˖ȶȍࡪ ȟǫˊȶʋɭȶljǫȇ•ŔʋơɭŔȍòȇȍơɭȶ˖ȍʠǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔ
ȥɃɭȶȥǠŔɭŔŹǫˊơʋǫȥǫˊŔʽŔʂȍŔʋǬɭࡲ%ǫɭ¥¡7ࢎ¥-metin
D-ŔɽɢȶɭʋŔʋ࢏ɭơɽơɢʋɃɭŔȥʋȶnjȶȥǫɽʋƎǫɭࡲ
40 – ࠄ߿ˊŔʂȍŔɭƎŔŹŔʂȍŔɭࡲ7ɃɭƎʧȥƃʧȇɭȶȟȶ˖ȶȟƎŔ
ʋɭǫȥʧȇȍơȶʋǫƎʋơȇɭŔɭȍŔɭࢎ-e࢏ʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲ
ÄȍʧȟŔɽɢǫɭŔɽˊȶȥɢȥɃȟȶȥǫɽǫʽơɽȶȍʠȥʠȟ
ˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫࡲ
‘ȶɭơʽơɢɽǫȇǫˊŔʋɭǫȇɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭƎŔȥɽȶȥɭŔƎơȟŔȥɽ
njơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
áòÄ7¶%č•%Fèá•òƒ
ÄȥƃơȍǫȇȍǫǠŔɽŔɭŹŔ˖ŔȍnjŔȥnjȍǫˊȶȥȍŔɭƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
‘ȶɭʋǫȇȶŹʠȍŹơɭȟȶʋȶɭȥɃɭȶȥȍŔɭǬȥ
ƎơǿơȥơɭŔɽˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲࠄ࡫ࠆ࡫ࠈ࡫ࠀ߿࡫ࠀࠀ࡫ࠀࠁ࡫‘ࡲ
òǫȥǫɭȍơɭɽʠɢɭŔȥʧȇȍơơɭࢎĔ¡¥࢏ǠŔɽŔɭȍŔȥȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
þɭŔƃʋʠɽƃȶɭʋǫƃȶɽɢǫȥŔȍǫɽࢫǫȥŔȥŔȍȶǐʠƎʠɭࡲ
ʋŔȇɽǫȍơɭ
bɭơǫơƎɭơǫƃǠʋŔȇɽǫɽǫ
- ¶ʋȶ˖ȶȟŔʋ ɭơɽơɽǫljnjơƇǫʂȍǫʋɭǫȥʧȇȍơȶʋǫƎʋơȇɭŔɭ
ɽơȥƎɭȶȟȍŔɭǬȥƎŔƎǬɭࡲ
- ࠁ߿ˊŔʂǬȥƎŔȥɃȥƃơˊʧɭʧȟơƎơƎơȥnjơɽǫ˖ȍǫȇǫȍơ
ŹŔʂȍŔɭࡲqŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔŔʋŔȇɽǫȥǫȥˊŔȥǬɽǬɭŔŹŔʂ
ƎɃȥȟơɽǫ࡫ɽȇȶȍˊȶ˖࡫ȇŔɭƎǫŔȇŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- áȶɽʋࡲɽɢǫȥŔȍȇȶɭƎ࡫ȇȶɭʋǫȇȶɽɢǫȥŔȍʋɭȶȇʋʠɽ࡫
ɽɢǫȥȟȶɽơɭơŹȍȍơɭʋɭŔȇʋʠɽȥɃɭȶȥȍŔɭǬƎơǿơȥơɭơȶȍʠɭࡲ
- ƒȍơɭȍơˊơȥƎɃȥơȟƎơǫʂǫʋȟơȇŔˊŹǬ࡫njɃɭȟơȇŔˊŹǬ
ࢎɭơʋǫȥǫʋǫɽɢǫnjȟơȥʋȶ˖Ŕ࢏࡫ɽljǫȥȇʋơɭŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ĵʠʋȟŔ࡫ȇȶȥʠʂȟŔnjʧƇȍʧǐʧऋ
FȟȶɽˊȶȥơȍȍŔŹǫȍǫʋơ࡫ŔǐȍŔȟŔ-njʧȍȟơȇɭǫ˖ȍơɭǫऋ
ʋŔȇȍɽǫþơȍŔȥǿǫơȇʋŔ˖ǫ
- qŔˊŔʋǬȥǬȥǫȍȇˊǬȍǬȥƎŔɢȶɽʋʠɭŔȍǫȥɽʋŔŹǫȍǫʋơʽơ
ŔʋŔȇɽǫǫȍơŹŔʂȍŔɭࡲ¶ȇʠȍȶȇʠʋŔȥɃ˖ʋơȍŔȥǿǫơȇʋŔ˖ǫȍơɭ 3 –
ࠅˊŔʂǬȥƎŔŹŔʂȍŔɭʽʧƃʠƎŔˊŔˊǬȍǬɭࡲ
- qơȟŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȇȟŔȍǫnjȥǫʋơɭǫɽȇǫŔɭʋȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
òქ•¡čò‘č•Fèþè¶bƒ
- ¡ࡲòɢǫȥŔȍǫɽɃȥŹȶˊȥʠ˖ȟȶʋȶɭ ȥɃɭȶȥ
ƎơǿơȥơɭŔɽˊȶȥʠऋ
- ¶è࡫ò¡¥njơȥȟʠʋŔɽˊȶȥʠ
- bȍŔɽȇɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫऋljŔɽȇʠȍŔɽˊȶȥऋ
- F¡eࢫƎơƎŔǐǬȥǬȇȇŔɽnjɭʠɢȍŔɭǬȥƎŔƎơȥơɭʽŔɽˊȶȥ࡫
fibrilasyon
¡ĵ¶þè¶bƒ‘•þFè•ò‘•Fè¶Łࢎ•ò࢏
ĭFè7¥ƒeq¶bb¡¥qòþ•zhz
- qơȟࠀࡲqơȟࠁࡲ¡ȶʋȶɭȥɃɭȶȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬƎǬɭࡲ
- FȇɽʋɭŔȶȇʠȍơɭȇŔɽȍŔɭʋʠʋʠȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
- 1ǫǐȥơȟơ࡫ˊʠʋȟŔ࡫ȇȶȥʠʂȟŔŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
- FȇɽʋɭơȟǫʋơȍơɭƎơɽɢŔɽʋǫȇɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫऋ
ljŔɽǫȇʠȍŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭऋ
- bơʋŔȍǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭƎơŔ˖ŔȍȟŔ
- 7ȶǐʠȟƎŔǠǫɢȶʋȶȥǫ
- ‘ȶȍʽơŹŔƃŔȇȍŔɭƎŔŔŹƎʠȇɽǫˊȶȥʽơƎǬʂɭȶʋŔɽˊȶn
- ‘ȶȥʋɭŔȇʋʧɭȍơɭ࡫ŔʋɭȶljǫʽơljŔɽǫȇʠȍŔɽˊȶȥ
- हࠈࠄǫȍȇࠀࠇŔˊƎŔɃȍʧȟ
142
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
‘čeF•%FèeĭFq•¥7Fèqòþ•zhz
- 1ȶƃʠȇȍʠȇŔƎȶȍơɽŔȥƎɃȥơȟƎơŹŔʂȍŔɭࡲ
- áɭȶȇɽǫȟŔȍȇŔɽȍŔɭƎŔȇʠʽʽơʋɽǫ˖ȍǫȇʽơŔʋɭȶljǫ
- ĵŔʽŔʂǫȍơɭȍơɭ
- -ǫƎƎǫɽơȇơȍȶȍȟŔƎŔȥʠ˖ʠȥˊǬȍȍŔɭˊŔʂŔˊŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
þèƒ¥č‘•F¶þƒ7þF‘èèòF¥7趡•èz
• Myotonik distrofi
ࡧqʠȥʋǫȥnjʋȶȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
ࡧbɭŔǿǫȍĴɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧbɭǫơƎɭǫƃǠǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
ࡧ‘ơȥȥơƎˊǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
7FF¥FèþƒbF¥bF‘òƒĵÄŁqòþ•z‘•è
òƒ¥ƒèòƒòþF¡ƒ¥ƒ¥7F¡ĵF•ƒ¥ƒŁ¥qòþ•z‘•èz
- ĵŔʽŔʂʽǫɭʧɽǫȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
- áɭǫȶȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬ
¡č•þƒá•Fò‘•Fè¶Ł
ࡧFȥɽǬȇƎơȟˊơȍǫȥǫ˖ŔȥǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇʋǬɭࡲ
• 20-ࠃ߿ˊŔʂȇŔƎǬȥ
ࡧ¶ɢʋǫȇȥɃɭǫʋǫȥơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥǫ¡òࡶʋǬɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥʋǫɢǫहࠇࠄǫȍơŔɭŔƎɃȥơȟȍơɭǫȥ
ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇɽǬ˖ȶȍƎʠǐʠɭơȍŔɢɽ-ɭơȟǫʋʋǫȥnjljȶɭȟƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥɽơȟɢʋȶȟǠŔȍɽǫ˖ȍǫȇʋǫɭʽơ
ɢŔɭơɽʋơ˖ǫƎǫɭ
ࡧáơɭǫʽơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍơɭŹơˊŔ˖ƃơʽǠơɭࢀơȥɽǬȇ࢏ʋʠʋʠȍŔȥ
ŔȍŔȥƎǬɭࡲ
• Major Basic Protein- èơŔȇʋǫljþȍơȥljȶɽǫʋȍơɭऋ
ࡧ¡òɢơɭǫljơɭǫȇɽǫȥǫɭɽǫɽʋơȟǫȥǫʋʠʋȟŔ˖࡮
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- ƒȟȟʠȥɽʠɢɭơɽơǠŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƎŔnjɃɭʧȍʧɭ
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SSPE
- ‘Ǭ˖ŔȟǬȇˊŔʽŔʂʽǫɭʧɽơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠƎʠɭࡲ
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- eơɭɽʋȟŔȥ-òʋɭŔʠɽȍơɭ
- Fatal familial insomnia
- Deli dana
-ɭơʠʋ˖ljơȍƎ-ŔȇȶŹǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
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ࡧòɢȶȥnjǫȶljȶɭȟࢎʽŔǿˊǬȇơɭ࢏ƎơǿơȥơɭŔɽˊȶȥऋ
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ɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljʋǫɭࡲ
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%ǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍǫȥʋơɭȥʠȇȍơơɭȶljʋŔȍȟȶɢȍơǿǫʋơɽɢǫʋ
ơƎǫȍơȥǠŔɽʋŔƎŔǫȍȇŔȇȍŔnjơȍơƃơȇǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇ
ŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫƎǫɭࡳ
࢏‘ȶȥǿơȥǫʋŔȍȥǫɽʋŔnjȟʠɽ
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D) Kronik menenjit
F࢏áɭȶnjɭơɽǫljɽʠɢɭŔȥʠȇȍơơɭɢŔȍɽˊࢎáòá࢏
ƒĵƒ
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ࡧ¡èࡵƎŔƎɃɭʋˊŔƎŔ ƎŔǠŔljŔ˖ȍŔŹơˊŔ˖ƃơʽǠơɭ
ŹʠȍʠȥȟŔɽǬ
ࡧ1ŔɢǬऑࠅȟȟȶȍŔȥŹơˊŔ˖ƃơʽǠơɭȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭǬ
ࡧ•ŔʋơɭŔȍʽơȥʋɭǫȇʠȍȍơɭơƎǫȇȍơ˖ˊȶȥȍŔɭ
ࡧ•ŔʋơɭŔȍʽơȥʋɭǫȇʠȍơȇȶȟʂʠ࡫ɢơɭǫʽơȥʋɭǫȇʠȍơɭŔȍŔȥ࡫
ȇȶɭɢʠɽȇŔȍȍȶ˖ʠȟˊŔƎŔǫȥljɭŔʋơȥʋȶɭˊŔȍˊơɭȍơʂǫȟȍǫơȥ
Ŕ˖Źǫɭȍơ˖ˊȶȥʽŔɭȍǬǐǬ
KÖTÜ
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ŔȥŔʋȶȟǫȇŹǫɭˊȶȍƎʠɭࡲ࢏
ࡧeơȥƇȍơɭƎơȟʠȍʋǫɢȍơɽȇȍơɭȶ˖࡫ˊŔʂȍǬȍŔɭॷ
ɽơɭơŹɭȶʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭȶȍŔˊ
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ȶɭʋŔƎŔȥȇŔȍƎǬɭǬɭࡲ
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ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇǠŔɽʋŔ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ áȍŔɽȟŔljơɭơ˖
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ȇŔˊŹǬ
ࡧqŔɽʋŔȍǬǐŔɃ˖njʧ¥¡¶ࢎȥʋǫŔɩʠŔɢȶɭǫȥࠃ࢏
ŔȥʋǫȇȶɭȍŔɭǬȥǬȥŹʠȍʠȥȟŔɽǬˊȍŔ¡òʽŔȇŔȍŔɭǫȥƎŔȥŔˊǬɭʋ
edilirࡲ
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ࡧĪǫɭŔȍࡸŹŔȇʋơɭǫơȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥɽȶȥɭŔɽǬࢎĔòĵFࡸezò࢏
ࡧáơɭǫljơɭǫȇɽǫȥǫɭȍơɭơȇŔɭʂǬŔȥʋǫȇȶɭnjơȍǫʂǫɭࡲ
ࡧ7ǫɽʋŔȍƎơȥŹŔʂȍŔˊŔȥŔɽơƎŔȥɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫʋǫɢǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
Klinik
ࡧ‘ʠʽʽơʋŔ˖ȍǬǐǬࢎɢɭȶȇɽǫȟŔȍ࡫ȥŔƎǫɭơȥƎǫɽʋŔȍ࢏
• Atrofi
ࡧáɽɃƎȶǠǫɢơɭʋɭȶljǫ
ࡧ‘ŔɭƎǫˊȶȟˊȶɢŔʋǫ
ࡧƒȍơʋǫƎơljơȇʋȍơɭǫ
Äȍʧȟࡪòȶȍʠȥʠȟˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫ
ࡧ-ŔȟɢˊȍȶŹŔʽʋơɭǿơǿʠȥǫ
ࡧòǫȥǫɭǫȍơʋǫȟƇŔȍǬʂȟŔȍŔɭǬǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬȥơɭȇơȥ
ƎɃȥơȟǫȥƎơȥȶɭȟŔȍࡲ7ŔǠŔɽȶȥɭŔǫȍơʋǫȟǠǬ˖Ǭ
ˊŔʽŔʂȍŔɭࡲ
•ŔŹȶɭŔʋʠʽŔɭþơʋȇǫȇȍơɭǫ
ࡧ-‘࡫•7q࡫ȍƎȶȍȶ˖ˊʧȇɽơȇȍǫǐǫ
ࡧF¡eࢫƎơȟˊȶɢŔʋǫȇɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭ
ࡧ‘ŔɽŹǫˊȶɢɽǫɽǫ
ࡧeơȥơʋǫȇǫȥƃơȍơȟơ
þŔȥǬ
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þơƎŔʽǫ
- áȍŔ˖ȟŔljơɭơ˖ࢎǫȍȇʋơɭƃǫǠ࢏
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7ʠƃǠơȥȥơ¡ʠɽȇʠȍơɭ7ǫɽʋɭȶljǫ
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ࡧáɭȶȇɽǫȟŔȍȇŔɽȍŔɭʋʠʋʠȍʠɭࡲࢎeȶˁơɭࢫɽɽǫȥnj࢏
ࡧáɽơʠƎȶǠǫɢơɭʋɭȶljǫࢎहࠇ߿࢏
¡ǫȍȍơɭ-bǫɽǠơɭòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
eʠȍȍŔǫȥ-ŹŔɭɭơɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠȥʠȥȶljʋŔȍȟȶɢȍơǿǫ࡫
Ŕɭơljȍơȇɽǫ࡫ŔʋŔȇɽǫơʂȍǫȇȍơƎơȥljȶɭȟʠƎʠɭࡲ
7ƒ%Fþƒ‘¥Äè¶áþƒ
7ǫŔŹơʋǫȇɢȶȍǫȥɃɭȶɢŔʋǫࡪ 7ʠˊʠɽơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭǬ
ŹơȍǫɭnjǫȥƎǫɭࡲ
¶ʋȶȥȶȟǫȇȥɃɭȶɢŔʋǫࡪƒȟɢȶʋŔȥɽ࡫ȥȶȇʋʠɭȥŔȍƎǫŔɭŔ࡫
ɢȶɽʋʠɭŔȍǠǫɢȶʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥʽơʋơɭȍơȟơljŔ˖ȍŔȍǬǐǬ
7ǫŔŹơʋǫȇȟȶȥȶȥɃɭȶɢŔʋǫࡪ7ǫŔŹơʋǫȥɽơˊɭǫȥƎơơȥɽǬȇ
ࠂࡲòǫȥǫɭʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠɽɃ˖ȇȶȥʠɽʠƎʠɭࡲFȥɽǬȇɢơɭǫljơɭǫȇ
ʋʠʋʠȍʠȟ¥ࡲbơȟȶɭŔȍǫɽࢫƎǫɭࡲ
- Distrofin ɢɭȶʋơǫȥˊȶȇࡲ
- ‘ŔȍɢȇŔɽǬʋʠʋʠȍʠȟʠऋɽȶȍʠȥʠȟˊơʋȟơ˖ȍǫǐǫऋ
þŔȥǬ
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ࡧF¡e
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ࡧáȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭȇȶȍȶȥɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠࢎèȶȟŹơɭnjऋ࢏
ࡧòɢŔɽʋǫɽǫʋơ࡫ɢŔɭŔɢŔɭơ˖ǫ
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ࡧ7ʠƃǠơȥȥơnjɃɭơƎŔǠŔˊŔʽŔʂseyirli
bȶȍǫȇɽǫʋFȇɽǫȇȍǫǐǫ
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DɧǨɻȄǨȢ˃ŔɻNJɧʙŸʙȢʙȢƟȢɷǩȄǝƟɧƟƌǨʄƟɧȄŔɷ
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ࡧ¶ʋȶ˖ȶȟŔȍƎȶȟǫȥŔȥʋ
ࡧ‘ŔɽǬȍŔȥȇŔɽnjơʽʂơˊơȟơ˖ࢎȟˊȶʋȶȥǫ࢏
ࡧþǫɢǫȇȟˊȶɢŔʋǫȇˊʧ˖njɃɭʧȥʧȟʧऋࢎljɭȶȥʋŔȍȇơȍȍǫȇ࡫
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ࡧ‘ŔʋŔɭŔȇʋ࡫ʋơɽʋǫȇʧȍơɭŔʋɭȶljǫ࡫ǿǫȥơȇȶȟŔɽʋǫ࡫7¡࡫
ȇŔɭƎǫŔȇŔɭǫʋȟǫȍơɭऋ
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FƎɭȶljljȶȥˊʠȟȇȍȶɭǫƎ
ࢎþơȥɽǫȍȶȥ࢏ơȥǿơȇʋơơƎǫȍǫɭࡲ
eɃ˖ȍơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭǫˊǫȍơʂȟơ
ࢎɢǫʋȶ˖ƎŔƎʧ˖ơȍȟơ࢏ʽŔɭɽŔ
ʋơɽʋɢȶ˖ǫʋǫljʋǫɭࡲ
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ࡧɽơʋǫȍȇȶȍǫȥơɽʋơɭŔ˖ǫȥǠࡲࢎɢɭǫƎȶɽʋǫnjȟǫȥ࢏
ࡧáȍŔɽȟŔljơɭơ˖࡫ǫȟʠɽʠɢɽơɽǫljȍơɭ
• Timektomi
bŔɽǫȶɽȇŔɢʠȍȶǠʠȟȶɭŔȍ7ǫɽʋɭȶljǫ
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ࡧĵʧ˖ȇŔɽȍŔɭǬ࡫ɽȇŔɢʠȍŔˊǬljǫɽȇơơƎơȥȇŔɽȍŔɭ࡫ǠʠȟơɭŔȍ
ȇŔɽȍŔɭʋǫɢǫȇʋʠʋʠȍʠȟ
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• ȇƃǫǐơɭȇʧƇʧȇǠʧƃɭơȍǫ-ࢎɢŔɭŔȥơȶɢȍŔɽʋǫȇ࢏
ࡧáɭơɽǫȥŔɢʋǫȇ-ŔऋऋȇŔȥŔȍǬȥŔȇŔɭʂǬŔȥʋǫȇȶɭࡲ
• Sabah njʧƇɽʧ˖ȍʧǐʧʽŔɭƎǬɭࡲFnj˖ơɭɽǫ˖njʧƃʧ ŔɭʋǬɭǬɭࡲ
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FȇɽʋŔȶȇʠȍơɭȇŔɽȍŔɭʋʠʋʠȍȟŔ˖ࡲ
• TeȥɽǫȍȶȥʋơɽʋǫȥơˊŔȥǬʋˊȶȇʋʠɭࡲ
ࡧˊǬɭǬƃǬʋŔȥǬࡪF¡e
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Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
čĵ‘č%¶Łč‘•č‘•èz
ࡧ¥Ŕɭȇȶȍơɢɽǫࡪ Herhangi bir saatte ortaya ƇǬȇŔȥ
njơȥơȍȍǫȇȍơࠀࠄƎŔȇǫȇŔƎŔȥȇǬɽŔࡲȇŔɭʂǬȇȶȥʠȍȟŔ˖ʠˊȇʠ
ŔʋŔȇȍŔɭǬˊȍŔȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫ˖ơƎǫɭࡲčˊŔȥǬȇȍǬȇʋŔȥ ǠǬ˖ȍŔèF¡
ƎɃȥơȟǫȥơnjơƇǫʂȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧ‘ŔʋŔɢȍơȇɽǫ (Kas tonʙɷʙȢʙȢŔȢǨȄŔ˃Ÿǩ࢈
ࡧčˊȇʠɢŔɭŔȍǫ˖ǫɽǫ
• qǫɢȥȶnjŔǿǫȇǠŔȍʠɽǫȍŔɽˊȶȥȍŔɭ (uykuya dalmadan
önce)
Hypocretin ve orexin nörotransmitter
ƟȄɷǨȄȊǨǍǨȢƟŸŔǍȊǩȲȊʙɻʙɧࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫƎơòòòɽʋǫȟʠȍŔȥȍŔɭǬ࡫ʋɭǫɽǫȇȍǫȇ
ŔȥʋǫƎơɢɭơɽŔȥȍŔɭʽơȟȶƎŔljǫȥǫȍȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࡲ
1
%ŔʂǬȥljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠ ǫȍơʽơɭʋơŹɭŔƎŔơȍơȇʋɭǫȇƇŔɭɢȟŔɽǬ
Ǡǫɽɽǫࡲ
147
Küçük Stajlar | 12. Nöroşirurji
Nöroşirurji
148
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
ࠀࠁࡲ¥Äè¶÷ƒèč荃
Tonsiller Herniasyon
• Serebellar tonsiller
ࡧ¡ơƎʠȍȍŔȶŹȍȶȥnjŔʋŔࢎɽȶȍʠȥʠȟȟơɭȇơ˖ǫ࢏
Subfalksian herniasyon
• Cingulate gyrus
• Anterior serebral artere basar
Soru
ʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫƎʠɭʠȟȍŔɭƎŔȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫȥƎơˊŔʂŔȟŔȍ
ljȶȥȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭȶȍŔȥɽȶȍʠȥʠȟʽơƎȶȍŔʂǬȟƃǫƎƎǫ
ʋơǠȍǫȇơŔȍʋǬȥƎŔƎǬɭࡳ
࢏òʠŹljȍŔȇɽǫŔȥǠơɭȥǫŔɽˊȶȥ
%࢏þɭŔȥɽʋơȥʋȶɭˊŔȍǠơɭȥǫŔɽˊȶȥ
-࢏þȶȥɽǫȍȍơɭǠơɭȥǫŔɽˊȶȥ
7࢏•ʠȟŹơɭƎǫɽȇǠơɭȥǫŔɽˊȶȥʠ
F࢏òơɭʽǫȇŔȍƎǫɽȇǠơɭȥǫŔɽˊȶȥʠ
Transtentorial Herniasyon
ࡧFȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥǠơɭȥǫŔɽˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧþơȟɢȶɭŔȍȍȶŹʠȥʠȥƃʠɽʠǠơɭȥǫơȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧࠂࡲ‘ɭŔȥǫŔȍɽǫȥǫɭࢎŔȥǫ˖ȶȇȶɭǫ࢏
• Posterior serebral ŔɭʋơɭơŹŔɽŔɭࡲ
òʠŹŔɭŔȇȥȶǫƎ‘ŔȥŔȟŔ
ࡧȥǫ࡫ƇȶȇʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬऋ
ࡧ¡ơȥǫȥȇɽǫɭɭǫʋŔɽˊȶȥŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬऋ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥŹơɭɭˊŔȥơɭǫ˖ȟŔɽǬɭʧɢʋʧɭʧ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇȥʋơɭǫȶɭȇȶȟʠȥǫȇŔȥŔɭʋơɭऋ-
ȇơɽǫʂǫȟǫȥƎơ
ࡧĪ¡ŔȍljȶɭȟŔɽˊȶȥƇȶƃʠȇʋŔơȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥƎǫɭࡲ
149
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
òʠŹƎʠɭŔȍqơȟȶɭŔǿǫ
ࡧ‘ɃɢɭʧʽơȥȍơɭǫˊǬɭʋǬȍǬɭࡲ
ࡧĵŔʂȍǬ
ࡧȥǫȇŔȟƇǬǠŔɭơȇơtleri
ࡧहࠁ߿ȇɭࡲɽʠŹƎʠɭŔȍơljʧ˖ˊȶȥऋ
ࡧ¥ɃɭȶȍȶǿǫȇȇŔˊǬɢऋƎơȟŔȥɽ
þŔȥǬࡪ %þࢎqǫɢơɭƎơȥɽŔȍŔȥ࢏
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ qơȟŔʋȶȟŹȶʂŔȍʋǬȍǬɭࡲ
FɢǫƎʠɭŔȍqơȟȶɭŔǿǫ
ࡧ‘ŔljŔȇơȟǫȇȇǬɭǬȇȍŔɭǬ
ࡧࡲȟơȥǫȥnjơŔȟơƎǫŔɭʧɢʋʧɭऋ
ࡧ•ʠɽǫƎǫȥʋơɭʽŔȍࢎहࠁ߿࢏
þơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧȥơʽɭǫ˖ȟŔȥǬȥƃơɭɭŔǠǫࡸơȥƎȶʽŔɽȇʧȍơɭȇŔɢŔʋǬȍȟŔɽǬ
ࡧò‘ɽȶȥɭŔɽǬŔɭʋơɭˊŔȍɽɢŔɽȟǫƇǫȥȥǫȟȶƎǫɢǫȥࡲ
ĪF¥þƒèƒ‘Ĕ•FèòƒòþF¡
ࡧ%¶òƎȶȍŔʂǬȟǬ
Soru
ȥǫŹŔʂȍŔˊŔȥʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫŹŔʂŔǐɭǬɽǬʽơȇǬɽŔɽʧɭơȍǫ
ʂʠʠɭȇŔˊŹǬȥơƎơȥǫˊȍơȟʠŔˊơȥơơƎǫȍơȥࠂ߿
ˊŔʂǬȥƎŔȇǫŹǫɭǠŔɽʋŔˊŔȍȥǬ˖ƃŔȟơȥȥǫȇɽǫɭɭǫʋŔɽˊȶȥ
ŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬɽŔɢʋŔȥȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲࢎ¥ǫɽŔȥࠁ߿߿ࠆ࢏
%ʠǠŔɽʋŔƎŔɃȥƃơȍǫȇȍǫŔʂŔǐǬƎŔȇǫȍơɭƎơȥǠŔȥnjǫɽǫ
ƎʧʂʧȥʧȍȟơȍǫƎǫɭࡳ
࢏òʠŹŔɭŔȇȥȶǫƎȇŔȥŔȟŔ
B࢏%ơˊǫȥŔɢɽơɽǫ
-࢏¡ơȥơȥǿǫʋ
7࢏FɢǫƎʠɭŔȍȇŔȥŔȟŔ
F࢏òʠŹƎʠɭŔȍȇŔȥŔȟŔ
qǫƎɭȶɽơljŔȍǫ
ࡧ‘ȶȟȟʠȥǫȥơ (nonobstrüktif)
• Non-ȇȶȟȟʠȥǫȇơ(obstrüktif)
ȟǫȍȶǫƎȥǿǫȶɢŔʋǫ
ࡧƒȍơɭǫˊŔʂ
ࡧ%ơˊǫȥʽơȟơȥǫȥnjơŔȍŔɭʋơɭǫȶɭȍȍơɭƎơŔȟǫȍȶǫƎ
Źǫɭǫȇǫȟǫ
ࡧòơɭơŹɭŔȍȍȶŹơɭȇȶɭʋǫȇŔȍȇŔȥŔȟŔऋ
150
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
áòÄ7¶þĔ¡ÄèòFèF%èƒ
‘ȶȟȟʠȥǫȥơࢎ¥ȶȥȶŹɽʋɭʧȇʋǫlj࢏qǫƎɭȶɽơljŔȍǫ
• BOS emilim Ŕ˖ʽơˊŔˊŔɢǬȟljŔ˖ȍŔ
ࡧFȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥȍŔɭࢎȟơȥơȥǿǫʋ࢏
ࡧò‘
ࡧ‘ȶɭȶǫƎɢȍơȇɽʠɽɢŔɢǫȍȍȶȟʠ
ࡧ%ơˊǫȥˊơɭȇŔɢȍŔˊŔȥȍơ˖ˊȶȥˊȶȇ‘z%òऋ
ࡧƒƎǫȶɢŔʋǫȇ࡫ǫȥʋɭŔȇɭŔȥǫŔȍǠǫɢơɭʋŔȥɽǫˊȶȥ
ࡧƒȍŔƇȍŔɭࢎʋơʋɭŔɽǫȇȍǫȥ࡫ʽǫʋ࢏
ࡧ¶Źơ˖ǫʋơ
ࡧ¡ơȥŔɭʂ࡫njơŹơȍǫȇ࡫¶‘ ǠŔɢȍŔɭ
Non-‘ȶȟȟʠȥǫȇơࢎȶŹɽʋɭʧȇʋǫlj࢏qǫƎɭȶɽơljŔȍǫ
ࡧĪơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍơɭ ɽǫɽʋơȟǫƇơɭǫɽǫȥƎơʋǬȇŔȥǬȇȍǬȇऋ
ࡧȇʠŔƎʠȇʋʠɽɽʋơȥȶ˖ʠ
ࡧ7ŔȥƎˊˁŔȍȇơɭɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧ-ǠǫŔɭǫȟŔȍljȶɭȟŔɽˊȶȥʠ
ࡧþʧȟɃɭ࡫ȇǫɽʋ࡫ŔŹɽơ
þŔȥǬ
ࡧ‘z%òऋ
ࡧ%þࡸ¡èȥȶɭȟŔȍ
ࡧ•áࢫƎơ%¶òŹŔɽǬȥƃǬˊʧȇɽơȇ
þơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧ¶Źơ˖ࡲ‘ǫȍȶʽơɭࡲ
ࡧɽơʋŔ˖ȶȍȶȟǫƎ
ࡧĪơȥʋɭǫȇʠȍȶࡸȍʠȟŹȶɢơɭǫʋȶȥơŔȍʂŔȥʋ
‘ȍǫȥǫȇ
ࡧ%ŔʂƇơʽɭơɽǫȥǫȥnjơȥǫʂȍơȟơɽǫࢎơȥɃȥơȟȍǫ࢏
ࡧbȶȥʋŔȥơȍȍơɭŹȶȟŹơȍơʂǫɭ
ࡧ‘z%ò
ࡧࠀࡲ¡ȶʋȶɭȥɃɭȶȥŹʠȍnjʠȍŔɭǬ࡫ȇɭŔȥǫŔȍɽǫȥǫɭljơȍƇȍơɭǫ
¥ȶɭȟŔȍ%ŔɽǬȥƇȍǬqǫƎɭȶɽơljŔȍǫࢎƎŔȟɽqŔȇǫȟ
òơȥƎɭȶȟʠ࢏
ࡧǫȍơɭǫˊŔʂ
ࡧƒƎǫȶɢŔʋǫȇ
ࡧĵʧɭʧȟơŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠ
• Demans
ࡧƒƎɭŔɭǫȥȇȶȥʋǫȥŔȥɽǬ
TaȥǬ
ࡧȥŔȟȥơ˖࡫ȇȍǫȥǫȇȟʠŔˊơȥơ࡫ƎǫɭơȇʋȇŔljŔnjɭŔƎǫljǫȍơɭǫ࡫
ʋɭŔȥɽȍʧȟǫȥŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧ‘ơɽǫȥʋŔȥǬ%þʽơ¡èzǫȍơȇȶȥʠɭࡲ
ࡧ%ǫȍnjǫɽŔˊŔɭȍǬʋȶȟȶnjɭŔljǫƎơǠǫƎɭȶɽơljŔȍǫȥǫȥ
ȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫɽʋǫȇnjɃɭʧȥʋʧɽʧ࡫ʽơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍȶȟơnjŔȍǫʽơ
ɢơɭǫʽơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍơɭɃƎơȟƎǫɭࡲ
þŔȥǬ
ࡧ%þࢎʽơȥʋɭǫȇʠȍȶȟơnjŔȍǫ࡫ɢơɭǫʽơȥʋɭǫȇʠȍơɭɃƎơȟ࢏
ࡧ•áࢎȇȍǫȥǫȇʂǫȇŔˊơʋȍơɭƎơɭŔǠŔʋȍŔȟऋ࢏
þơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧ÷ŔȥʋʋŔȇǬȍȟŔȍǬƎǬɭࡲ
þơƎŔʽǫ
¡ơƎǫȇŔȍ
ࡧ‘ŔɭŹȶȥǫȇŔȥǠǫƎɭŔ˖ƒȥǠࡲ
ࡧ¶ɽȟȶʋǫȇƎǫʧɭơʋǫȇȍơɭ
ࡧɭŔȍǬȇȍǬ•á
- ¥ȶɭȟŔȍŹŔɽǬȥƇȍǬǠǫƎɭȶɽƎơljŔȍǫƎơȥơȶȍȟŔ˖ࡳ
ɢǫȍɃƎơȟ
- ¥ȶɭȟŔȍŹŔɽǬȥƇȍǬǠǫƎɭȶɽơljŔȍǫȥǫȥ%þŹʠȍnjʠɽʠࡳ
‘ȶɭʋǫȇŔȍŔʋɭȶljǫȶȍȟŔƎŔȥʽơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍȍơɭƎơnjơȥǫʂȍơȟơ
-ơɭɭŔǠǫþơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧ‘ȶɭȶǫƎɢȍơȇɽơȇʋȶȟǫࡪɭʋǬȇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍȟǬˊȶɭࡲ
ࡧĔƇʧȥƃʧʽơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍȶɽʋȶȟǫ
¥Ä趑Ĕþ¥ÄŁòF¥7趡•è
÷ŔȥʋɢɭȶɽơƎʧɭȍơɭǫ
ࡧĪơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍȶɢơɭǫʋȶȥơŔȍ÷ŔȥʋࢎơȥƇȶȇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭ࢏
ࡧĪơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍȶŔʋɭǫŔȍʂŔȥʋ
ࡧ•ʠȟŹȶɢơɭǫʋȶȥơŔȍʂŔȥʋ
• ĪơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍȶɢȍơʽɭŔȍʂŔȥʋ
ࡧĪơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍȶʧɭơʋɭŔȍʂŔȥɽ
¥ɃɭȶljǫŹɭȶȟŔʋȶ˖ǫɽ
ࡧ¥bnjơȥǫȥŔȇʋǫʽŔɽˊȶȥʠ
ࡧ¥b-ࠀơȥɽǬȇnjɃɭʧȍơȥʋǫɢʋǫɭࡲ
ࡧ-Ŕljơ-au-ȍŔǫʋȍơȇơȍơɭǫ
ࡧȇɽǫȍȍơɭ-inguial çillenme
ࡧ•ǫɽƃǠȥȶƎʧȍʧ
Fȥljơȇɽǫˊȶȥࢎʽơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍǫʋ࢏ࢎơȥɽǬȇȇȶȟɢȍǫȇŔɽˊȶȥ࢏
151
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
òʋʠɭnjơ-ĭơŹơɭòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧòɢȶɭŔƎǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
ࡧࠄࡲȇɭŔȥǫŔȍɽǫȥǫɭǫȥǫȥơɭʽơơʋʋǫǐǫˊʧ˖ɽŔǠŔɽǬȥƎŔ
ȇʠʋŔȥɃ˖ŔȥǿǫȶȟȍŔɭ
ࡧbŔɽǫŔȍȥơʽʠɽࢎɢȶɭʋȶʂŔɭŔŹǬɭơȥnjǫȥƎơ࢏
• Menengial angǫȶȟŔʋȶ˖ǫɽ
ࡧeȍȶȇȶȟ
ࡧòơɭơŹɭŔȍȇŔȍɽǫljǫȇŔɽˊȶȥ
ࡧFɢǫȍơɢʋǫȇȥɃŹơʋȍơɭ
ࡧŁơȇŔnjơɭǫȍǫǐǫ
ࡧ¥ɃɭȶljǫŹɭȶȟȍŔɭ
ࡧ¶ɢʋǫȇnjȍǫȶȟŔ
ࡧbơȶȇɭȶȟŔɽǫʋȶȟŔ ɽǬȇȍǬǐǬŔɭʋȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲ
¥ɃɭȶljǫŹɭȶȟŔʋȶ˖ǫɽ– 2
ࡧ%ǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍࠇࡲɽǫȥǫɭɽƃǠˁŔȥȥȶȟŔࢎŔȇʠɽʋǫɽȥɃɭǫȥȶȟ࢏
ࡧ¥b-ࠁŔǫȍơǠǫȇŔˊơɽǫʽơʋơȇʋŔɭŔljȍǬŔȇʠɽʋǫȥȥɃɭǫȥȶȟ
• ¡ơȥơȥnjǫȶȟȍŔɭ࡫njȍǫȶȟ࡫ɽƃǠˁŔȥȥȶȟ࡫ȥɃɭȶljǫŹɭȶȟ࡫
ǿʠʽơȥǫȍɢȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭɽʠŹȇŔɢɽʧȍơɭȍơȥʋǫȇʠȍŔɭ
ȶɢŔɽǫʋơȍơɭࡲ
þʠŹơɭȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖ǫɽ
• OD
• òʠŹơɢơȥƎǫȟŔȍ࡫ɭơʋǫȥŔȍʋʠŹơɭȍơɭࢎǠŔȟŔɭʋȶȟȍŔɭ࢏
ĪŔȥqǫɢɢơȍ•ǫȥƎŔʠòơȥƎɭȶȟʠࢎĪq•࢏
• OD
ࡧòơɭơŹơȍȍŔɭǠơȟŔȥǿȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟ
ࡧbơȶȇɭȶȟŔɽǫʋȶȟŔ
ࡧèơȥŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍǫȇŔɭɽǫȥȶȟ
‘ȍǫȥǫȇ
ࡧƎơȥȶȟŔɽơŹŔɽơʠȟ
ࡧFɢǫȍơɢɽǫࢎˁơɽʋ࢏
ࡧ¡è
ࡧ‘ŔɭƎǫŔȇɭŔŹƎȶȟˊȶȟ
ࡧèơȥŔȍŔȥǿǫȶȟˊȶȍǫɢȶȟŔ
ò¥þè•òƒ¥ƒèòƒòþF¡ƒþĔ¡Äè•Fèƒ
ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇȍʠȇƇŔǐǬʋʧȟɃɭȍơɭǫǫȥljɭatentorial
ࢎɽơɭơŹơȍȍŔɭ࢏ࠀࡲáǫȍȶɽǫʋǫȇŔɽʋɭȶɽǫʋȶȟ
ࡧFɭǫʂȇǫȥƎơɽʠɢɭŔʋơȥʋȶɭǫŔȍࢎǠơȟǫɽljơɭǫȇ࢏ࠀࡲe%¡
ࡧFɢŔȥƎǫȟȶȟ࡫ȟơƎʠȍȍȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ˊŔɢŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
Cafe-au-lait lekeleri
ࡧ¥lj
ࡧʋŔȇɽǫʋơȍơȥǿǫơȇʋŔ˖ǫ
ࡧþʠŹơɭȶɽȇȍơɭȶ˖
ࡧ%ȍȶȶȟɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧ¡ƃ-ʠȥơȍŹɭǫnjǠʋòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧeŔʠƃǠơɭǠŔɽʋŔȍǬǐǬ
ࡧbŔȥȇȶȥǫɢȍŔɽʋǫȇȥơȟǫɽǫ
ࡧèʠɽɽǫŔȥòǫȍʽơɭɽơȥɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧFɢǫƎơɭȟŔȍȥơʽʠɽɽơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
òþè¶òƒþ¶¡•è
áǫȍȶɽʋǫȇࢎ‘ǫɽʋǫȇ࢏ɽʋɭȶɽǫʋȶȟ
ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭʽơnjơȥƇȍơɭƎơơȥɽǬȇʽơơȥǫˊǫ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇɽơɭơŹơȍȍʠȟƎŔ
¡ǫȇɭȶɽȇȶɢǫࡪèȶ˖ơȥʋǠŔȍljǫŹɭǫȍȍơɭ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ-ơɭɭŔǠǫऋ‘èþ
152
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
¡ơȥơȥǿǫȶȟ
ࡧɭŔȇȥȶǫƎơȇǫȟơȥǫȥnjȶʋơȍˊŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍơɭƎơȥȇɃȇơȥ
ȇŔɢɽʧȍȍʧ࡫ŹơȥǫnjȥʋȟࢫƎʧɭࡲ
ࡧ7ŔǠŔƇȶȇˊơʋǫʂȇǫȥˊŔʂȍŔɭƎŔʽơȇŔƎǬȥȍŔɭƎŔ
ȶȍʠʂʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧáɭȶnjơɽʋơɭȶȥɭơɽơɢʋɃɭʧࢎऋ࢏
ࡧáɽŔȟȟȶȟƃǫɽȟǫࢎऋ࢏
ࡧ¥ɃɭȶljǫŹɭȶȟŔʋȶ˖ǫɽƎơƇȶȇɽŔˊǬƎŔȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭȍơɭࡲ
Pilositik (Kistik) Astrositom
ȥŔɢȍŔɽʋǫȇŔɽʋɭȶɽǫʋȶȟ
ࡧeɭŔƎơࠂ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇɽơɭơŹɭŔȍǠơȟǫɽljơɭ
ࡧòǫʋȶȍȶǿǫȇŔȥŔɢȍŔ˖ǫ
eȍǫȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟŔ¡ʠȍʋǫljȶɭȟơ
ࡧFɭǫʂȇǫȥƎơơȥɽǬȇʽơơȥȇɃʋʧɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ȍʠŹơˊǫȥʋȟ
ࡧࠅࡲ– ࠆࡲ7ơȇŔʋ
ࡧòơɭơŹɭŔȍǠơȟǫɽljơɭȍơɭ
ࡧĪŔɽȇʧȍơɭFȥƎȶʋơȍáɭȶȍǫljơɭŔɽˊȶȥʠऋࢎ¥ơȇɭȶ˖࢏
ࡧáŔȍǫ˖ŔʋǫȇƎǫ˖ǫȍǫȟȇŔɭŔȇʋơɭǫɽʋǫȇʋǫɭࡲ
¡ơƎʠȍȍȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟ
ࡧáɭǫȟǫʋǫlj¥ɃɭȶFȇʋȶƎơɭȟŔȍþʧȟɃɭȍơɭࢎá¥Fþ࢏ȶȍŔɭŔȇ
ŔƎȍŔȥƎǬɭǬȍŔȥnjɭʠɢʋŔˊơɭŔȍǬɭࡲࢎȇʧƇʧȇȟŔʽǫˊʠʽŔɭȍŔȇ
Ǡʧƃɭơȍǫ࢏
ࡧ•ȶȇŔȍǫ˖Ŕɽˊȶȥࡪ FȥɽǬȇɽơɭơŹơȍʠȟƎŔࢎɢȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭ
ljȶɽɽŔ࢏ȶȍʠʂʠɭȍŔɭࡲ
ࡧƒȍȇǫȇǫƎơȇŔʋɽơɭơŹơȍȍŔɭʽơɭȟǫʂ– ǫȍơɭǫˊŔʂʋŔ
ɽơɭơŹơȍȍŔɭǠơȟǫɽljơɭȍơɭƎơȥǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
ࡧqǫƎɭȶɽơljŔȍǫࡲ%¶òǫȍơˊŔˊǬȍǬȟࡲ
ࡧ‘Ƀʋʧɢɭȶnjȥȶ˖ȍʠɭŔƎˊȶɽơȥɽǫʋǫlj
ࡧqȶȟơɭ-ĭɭǫnjǠʋɭȶ˖ơʋȍơɭǫࢎऋ࢏
þơƎŔʽǫࡪ-ơɭɭŔǠǫ
¶ȍǫnjȶƎơȥƎɭȶnjȍǫȶȟŔ
ࡧ¶ɭʋŔˊŔʂ
ࡧĵŔʽŔʂŹʧˊʧɭ
ࡧòǬȇȍǬȇȍŔljɭȶȥʋŔȍȍȶŹ
ࡧFɢǫȍơɢɽǫऋ
ࡧहࠈ߿‘ŔȍɽǫljǫȇŔɽˊȶȥऋ
qơȟơȥǿǫȶŹȍŔɽʋȶȟ
ࡧòơɭơŹơȍȍʠȟƎŔǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
ࡧĪŔȥǠǫɢɢơȍȍǫȥƎŔʠƎŔǫ˖ȍơȥǫɭࡲ
• Polistemi
FɢǫƎǫȟȶȟ
ࡧFɢǫƎǫȟŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍơɭƎơȥnjơȍǫʂǫɭȍơɭࡲ
ࡧ1ȶƃʠȇȍŔɭƎŔࠃࡲĪơȥʋɭǫȇʧȍƎơˊơʋǫʂȇǫȥȍơɭƎơƎŔǠŔƇȶȇ
ȟơƎʠȍȍŔɽɢǫȥŔȍǫɽʋơˊơɭȍơʂǫɭȍơɭࡲ
ࡧqǫƎɭȶɽơljŔȍǫ
ࡧ%¶òǫȍơˊŔˊǬȍǬȟࡲ
áǫȥơŔȍ%ơ˖þʧȟɃɭȍơɭǫ
ࡧeơɭȟǠʧƃɭơȍǫʋȟࢇƟȢɷǩȄटࠈࠂ࢈
ࡧFȥɽǬȇnjơɭȟǫȥȶȟ(disgerminom, seminom,
ƟɻƌƟǍƟɧǨ࢈
153
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
¡ơʋŔɽʋǫɽþʧȟɃɭȍơɭ
ȇƃǫǐơɭƃŔ ࢎơɭȇơȇʋơơȥɽǬȇ࢏
¡ơȟơƃŔ ࢎȇŔƎǬȥƎŔơȥɽǬȇ࢏
¡ŔȍǫnjȥȟơȍŔȥȶȟࢎˊʧȇɽơȇȶɭŔȥƎŔȟơʋŔɽʋŔ˖ˊŔɢŔȥ
tm - हࠅࠅ࢏
èơȥŔȍǠʧƃɭơȍǫƃŔࢎʋơȇȶƎŔȇ࢏
Karyokarsinom metastaz potansiyeli çok yüksek
7ƒò‘qF襃òƒ
ࡧȥʠȍʠɽljǫŹɭȶ˖ʠɽˊǬɭʋǬȍǬ࡫ȥʠȇȍơʠɽɢʠȍɢȶɽʠɽ ljǬʋȇȍŔʂǬɭࡲ
ࡧ¶ɭʋŔˊŔʂࢎࠃ߿-ࠄ߿࢏
ࡧFȥɽǬȇ•ࠄ-S1, C6-ࠆŔɭŔɽǬnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇɢȶɽʋơɭȶȍȶʋơɭŔȍƎơȥ Ǡơɭȥǫơȶȍʠɭࡲ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇȥơƎơȥnjơȥƇȍơɭƎơ ʋɭŔʽȟŔ ˊŔʂȍǬȍŔɭƎŔ
ƎơǿơȥơɭŔɽˊȶȥƎʠɭࡲ
‘ŔʠƎŔFɩʠǫȥŔòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧòljǫȥȇʋơɭ%ȶ˖ʠȇȍʠǐʠࡪǫƎɭŔɭ– njŔˊʋŔǫȥȇȶȥʋǫȥŔȥɽǬ
ࡧFˊơɭʂơȇȍǫȥƎơŔȥơɽʋơ˖ǫ
ࡧÄȥơȟȍǫȟȶʋȶɭȇʠʽʽơʋơɽǫ˖ȍǫȇࢎƇȶǐʠȥȍʠȇȍŔ
ŹǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍ࢏
•ȶȟŹơɭ7ǫɽȇqơɭȥǫɽǫòơȟɢʋȶȟȍŔɭ
þơƎŔʽǫࡪƃǫȍ-ơɭɭŔǠǫ
• Bel – ŹŔƃŔȇŔǐɭǬɽǬࢎǫȍȇɽơȟɢʋȶȟ ȍȶȇŔȍǫ˖ơŹơȍ
ŔǐɭǬɽǬƎǬɭ࡫ɽȶȥɭŔɽǫȥǫɭʋɭŔɽơɽǫŹȶˊʠȥƃŔƎǬɭࡲ࢏
ࡧĪŔȍɽŔȍʽŔǫȍơŔǐɭǬʂǫƎƎơʋȍơȥǫɭࡲ
òơɭʽǫȇŔȍ7ǫɽȇqơɭȥǫɽǫ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇ-ࠅ-ࠆ
ࡧFȥɽǬȇɽơȟɢʋȶȟŹɭŔȇǫŔȍǿǫࢎŹȶˊʠȥƎŔȥȇȶȍŔʽʠɭŔȥ
ŔǐɭǬ࢏ŹȶˊʠȥǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫǫȍơŔɭʋŔɭࡲ
ࡧòơɭʽǫȇŔȍƎǫɽȇǠơɭȥǫɽǫ࡫ǠơɭȥǫŔɽˊȶȥɽơʽǫˊơɽǫȥƎơȥ
ƇǬȇŔȥɽǫȥǫɭǫɽǬȇǬʂʋǬɭǬɭࡲࢎ-ࠅ-ࠆƎǫɽȇǠơɭȥǫɽǫ-ࠆࢫˊơŹŔɽŔɭ࢏
¡ȶʋȶɭ࡫7ʠˊʠ࡫èơljȍơȇɽƎơǐǫʂǫȇȍǫȇȍơɭǫ
ࡧ•ȶȟŹơɭɽơʽǫˊơƎơȇǫƎǫɽȇǠơɭȥǫŔɽˊȶȥɢŔʋȶȍȶǿǫȍơɭǫ
ŹǫɭŔȍʋɽơʽǫˊơƎơȇǫɽǫȥǫɭơŹŔɽŔɭࡲࢎ•ࠄ-òࠀƎǫɽȇǠơɭȥǫɽǫ
òࠀࢫơŹŔɽŔɭ࢏
•ࠃ४áŔʋơȍȍŔɭơljȍơȇɽǫ
•ࠄ४ 7ȶɭɽǫljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥ
òࠀ४áȍŔȥʋŔɭljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥ
þŔȥǬࡪ¡è
þơƎŔʽǫ
ࡧbþè
ࡧ-ơɭɭŔǠǫࢎŔȇʠʋ࡫ɢɭȶnjɭơɽǫljnjʧƇȇŔˊŹǬʽŔɭɽŔ࢏
154
Küçük Stajlar • Sihirli Dokunuşlar
‘•ƒááFƒ•-bFƒ•òF¥7趡č
ࡧòơɭʽǫȇŔȍʽơɭʋơŹɭŔljʧ˖ˊȶȥʠǫȍơ
ȶȍʠʂʠɭࡲ
ࡧ%ŔʂȍǬƃŔȇȍǫȥǫȇɃ˖ơȍȍǫȇȍơɭǫȇǬɽŔ
Źȶˊʠȥ࡫ơȥɽơɽŔƇƇǫ˖njǫɽǫȥǫȥ
ŔʂŔǐǬƎŔˊơɭŔȍȟŔɽǬ࡫Źȶˊʠȥ
ǠŔɭơȇơʋȍơɭǫȥǫȥȇǬɽǬʋȍǬȶȍȟŔɽǬƎǬɭࡲ
‘ŔɭɢŔȍþʧȥơȍòơȥƎɭȶȟࢎ‘þò࢏
ࡧFȥɽǬȇʋʠ˖ŔȇȥɃɭȶɢŔʋǫɽǫƎǫɭࡲࢎहࠀ࢏
ࡧࠃ߿– ࠅ߿ˊŔʂȇŔƎǬȥ
ࡧ¡ơƎǫŔȥɽǫȥǫɭɽǬȇǬʂǬɭࡲ
ࡧFȍǫȥǫȍȇʧƇɢŔɭȟŔǐǬȥƎŔŔǐɭǬ࡫ȇŔɭǬȥƃŔȍŔȥȟŔ
ࡧáǠŔȍơȥ࡫ʋơɭɽɢǠŔȍȍơȥʋơɽʋǫ
ࡧþǫȥȥơȍŹơȍǫɭʋǫɽǫऋ
þ裑¥Äè¶áþƒ•Fè
ࡧáơɭǫljơɭǫȇɽǫȥǫɭȍơɭǫȥɽơˊɭǫɽǬɭŔɽǬȥƎŔŹŔɽǬŔȍʋǬȥƎŔ
ȇŔȍȟŔɽǬऋ
‘ơɽǫȥʋŔȥǬࡪ EMG
þȶɭŔɽǫȇ¶ʠʋȍơʋࢎ1ǬȇǬʂ࢏òơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧȥʋࡲòȇŔȍơȥȇŔɽ
• ¡ǫƎƎȍơɽȇŔȍơȥȇŔɽ
ࡧࠀࡲȇȶɽʋŔ
ࡧòơɭʽǫȇŔȍȇȶɽʋŔ࡫ljǫŹɭȶ˖ŹŔȥƎ
ࡧ%ɭŔȇǫŔȍɢȍơȇɽʠɽ࡫ɽʠŹȇȍŔʽǫŔȥŔࡲ%ŔɽǬŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȇŔȍǬɭࡲ
ࡧƎɽȶȥȟŔȥơʽɭŔɽǬȥƎŔɭŔƎǫŔȍȥŔŹǬ˖ƎŔŔ˖ŔȍȟŔʽơˊŔ
ȇŔˊŹȶȍȟŔࡲ
‘ʠŹǫʋŔȍþʧȥơȍòơȥƎɭȶȟ
ࡧ¡ơƎǫŔȍơɢǫȇȶȥƎǫȍŔɭȇŔɽǬȥƎŔȥnjơƇơȥʠȍȥŔɭɽǫȥǫɭ
ȇʧŹǫʋŔȍʋʧȥơȍƎơɽǬȇǬʂǬɭࡲ
ࡧࠃ– ࠄࡲáŔɭȟŔȇʋŔɢŔɭơɽʋơ˖ǫơȥɽǬȇɽơȟɢʋȶȟƎʠɭࡲ
ࡧ7ǫɭɽơȇljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥʠʂǫȇŔˊơʋȍơɭǫŔɭʋʋǬɭǬɭࡲ
155
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eʠˊȶȥ‘ŔȥŔȍòơȥƎɭȶȟʠ
ࡧFȍŹǫȍơǐǫȥƎơnjʠˊȶȥȇŔȥŔȍǬȥƎŔʠȍȥŔɭɽǫȥǫɭɽǬȇǬʂǬɭࡲ
ࡧþɭŔʽȟŔʽơnjŔȥnjȍǫȶȥȇǫɽʋǫơȥɽǬȇɽơŹơɢʋǫɭࡲ
þŔȥǬࡪEMG
ࠀࡲòɢǫȥŔ%ǫljǫƎŔ¶ȇȇʧȍʋŔ
- FȥŹơȥǫȥnjljȶɭȟ࡫ŔɽơȟɢʋȶȟŔʋǫȇ
- ĪơɭʋơŹɭŔƎŔɢȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭȇŔɢŔȥȟŔƎơljơȇʋǫऋ
ࠁࡲ¡ơȥǫȥnjȶɽơȍ
- áȶɽʋơɭǫȶɭʽơɭʋơŹɭŔȍƎơljơȇʋơȥȟơȥǫȥȇɽljǬʋǬȇȍŔʂǬɭࡲ
¡ŔɭŔȍǿǫŔáŔɭơɽʋơʋǫȇŔ
ࠂࡲ¡ơȥǫȥnjȶȟˊơȍȶɽơȍ
- ¡ơȥǫȥȇɽऋȟࡲɽɢǫȥŔȍǫɽljǬʋǬȇȍŔʂǬɭࡲ
- bȶȍǫȇŔɽǫʋơȇɽǫȇȍǫǐǫȥƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- ĪŔȍɢɭȶǫȇŔɽǫʋ࡫Ǡǫɢơɭʋơɭȟǫ࡫ˊʧȇɽơȇʽǫʋŔȟǫȥ
- हࠆࠄȍʠȟŹȶɽŔȇɭŔȍŹɃȍnjơƎơnjɃɭʧȍʧɭࡲ
- %ŔɭɽŔȇʽơȟơɽŔȥơǫȥȇȶȥʋǫȥŔȥɽǬǫ˖ȍơȥơŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
- ¡ơȥǫȥnjȶȟˊơȍȶɽơȍहࠇ߿ɭȥȶȍƎƃǠǫŔɭǫࢎʋǫɢzz-ǠǫŔɭǫ࢏
ǫȍơŹǫɭȍǫȇʋơƎǫɭࡲ
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ȇŔɭǬʂȟǬʂʋǬɭࡲࢎȇǬɽŔʽơȇŔȍǬȥƎǬɭࡲ࢏
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ࡧáơɭǫŔɭʋɭǫȇʧȍơɭȶɽʋơȶɢȶɭȶ˖ऋ!
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ࡧþȶljʧɽơȥɽǬȇʠƇȍŔɭƎŔŹǫɭǫȇǫɭ ࢎȇʠȍŔȇ࢏
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ŔɭʋʋǬɭȟŔȇǫƇǫȥȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭ࡫ƎơǐǫʂǫȇljɭơȇŔȥɽȍŔɭƎŔ
ȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȟɽŔǐȍŔȥǬɭࡲ
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ĵʧ˖ơˊơȍzɽǬʋǬƃǬȍŔɭࡪqȶʋ-ɢŔƃȇ࡫ƃȶȍƎɢŔƃȇ࡫ǫȥljɭŔɭʠǿ࡫njǫɭƎŔɢǫȥljȍŔȟŔɽˊȶȥƎʠɭʠȟʠȥƎŔ
ࢎŔȇʠʋ࢏ƃȶȍƎ-ɢŔƃȇ࡫ȇɭȶȥǫȇƎʠɭʠȟƎŔʽơƎȶȍŔʂǬȟ
ŔɭʋʋǬɭȟŔȇŔȟŔƃǬˊȍŔǠȶʋ-ɢŔƃȇȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍǬɭࢎ7ĪþƎơ‘F࢏
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sǬȇǬʂmasǬ sonucu ortaya ƇǬȇŔɭࡲ
ࡧeơƃơȍơɭǫơȍȍơɭƎơȶɭʋŔˊŔƇǬȇŔȥʽơ˖ŔȟŔȥǫƇǫȥƎơ
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ࡧčˊȇʠƎŔȥʠˊŔȥƎǬɭaƃŔȇȇŔƎŔɭȇɃʋʧȶȍŔŹǫȍǫɭʽơȇȶȍŔ࡫
ȶȟʠ˖ŔˊŔˊǬȍŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
ࡧʽʠƇǫƇǫȥƎơʽơɢŔɭȟŔȇȍŔɭƎŔǠǫɽȇŔˊŹǬʽơˊŔ
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Ǝʧʂʧɭȟơࡲ
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ŔˊŔȇŹŔʂɢŔɭȟŔǐǬȥʽơljȍơȇɽǫˊȶȥࢎŹʧȇʧȍȟơ
ǠŔɭơȇơʋǫ࢏ˊŔɢʋǬɭŔȥȇŔɽȍŔɭǬȥʋơȥƎȶȥȍŔɭǬƎŔnjơƇơɭࡲ
- ‘ǬɭǬȇɽȶȥɭŔɽǬȇơȟǫȇȍơɭƎơʂơȇǫȍŹȶ˖ʠȇȍʠȇȍŔɭǬ࡫
ŔȍƇǬȍŔȟŔ࡫ȇŔɽȍŔɭƎŔʽơʋơȥƎȶȥȍŔɭƎŔȇŔȍǬȥȍŔʂȟŔʽơ
ʋơȥƎǫȥǫʋȍơɭŹʠʋʧȥơȍǫƎŔɭŔȍʋŔɭŔȇɽǫȥǫɭǫɽǬȇǬʂʋǬɭǬɭࡲ
- qŔɽʋŔȍŔɭƇȶǐʠȥȍʠȇȍŔŔˊŔȇɢŔɭȟŔȇȍŔɭǬȥƎŔ࡫
ʋȶɢʠȇʋŔʽơŔˊŔȇʋŔŹŔȥǬȥƎŔˊŔȥǬƃǬŔǐɭǬƎʠˊŔɭࡲ
- ǐɭǬnjơƃơʠˊȇʠƎŔȥʠˊŔȥƎǬɭŔŹǫȍǫɭʽơŹŔȍƎǬɭȍŔɭŔ
ʽʠɭŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ¡ơƎǫŔȍȟŔȍȍơȶȍࢎʋȶɢʠȇǫƇƇǬȇǬȥʋǬɽǬ࢏
ŔɭȇŔɽǬȥƎŔȇǫƇʠȇʠɭȍʠǐŔŹŔɽʋǬɭǬȍǬɭɽȶʂǫƎƎơʋȍǫŔnjɭǬ
ȶȍʠɭࡲ
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ˊȶȍŔƇŔƃŔȇƎǫǐơɭȥơƎơȥȍơɭǫȥŔɭŔʂʋǬɭǬȍȟŔɽǬˊȍŔ
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ǠŔɽʋŔȍǬȇȍŔɭǬʽơɽǫˊŔʋŔȍǿǫࢎŹơȍljǬʋǬǐǬˊŔƎŔ
ȇǫɭơƇȍơȥȟơȍơɭơŹŔǐȍǬŹŔƃŔȇŔǐɭǬɽǬ࢏ǫȍơȇŔɭǬʂŔŹǫȍǫɭࡲ
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ŹǫȥȟơɽǫȥơȥơƎơȥȶȍŔƃŔȇǫʂȍơɭƎơȥȇŔƇǬȥȟŔȇࡲ
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ƃơɭɭŔǠǫȶȍŔɭŔȇɽǫȥǫɭǫȥɽơɭŹơɽʋȍơʂʋǫɭǫȍȟơɽǫʽơ
ŹŔɽǬȥǬȥȶɭʋŔƎŔȥȇŔȍƎǬɭǬȍȟŔɽǬnjơɭơȇǫɭࡲ
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ƇȶǐʠȇǫȟɽơǫƇǫȥˊơʋơɭȍǫȶȍȟŔȇʋŔƎǬɭࡲ
- ȥƃŔȇ˖ŔȟŔȥǫƇǫȥƎơʂǫȇŔˊơʋȍơɭʋơȇɭŔɭŹŔʂȍŔɭʽơ
ȇŔȍǬƃǬƇɃ˖ʧȟŹŔɽǫʋŹǫɭƃơɭɭŔǠǫnjǫɭǫʂǫȟȍơɽǫȥǫɭǫȥ
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ŔȍʋǬȥƎŔ࡫ȟǫȇɭȶɽȇȶɢȇʠȍȍŔȥǬȍŔɭŔȇơȍŹǫȍơǐǬȥƎơȥ
ŔʽʠƇǫƇǫȥơƎȶǐɭʠˊŔɢǬȍŔȥࠀ-ࠁɽŔȥʋǫȟȍǫȇŹǫɭȇơɽǫˊȍơ࡫
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ࡧ¶ȟʠ˖– ɢơȍʽǫȇȇơȟơɭƎơŔǐɭǬ
ࡧbǫŹɭȶȟǫˊŔȍǿǫǫȍơȇŔɭǬʂǬɭࡲ
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ɽǫȥǫɭǫȥǫȥʋȶɢʠǐʠȥǫƇˊŔȥǬȥƎŔȇǫƇǬȇǬȥʋǬȥǬȥǠơȟơȥ
ŔȍʋǬȥƎŔljȍơˉȶɭɭơʋǫȥŔȇʠȍʠȟŔȍʋǬȥƎŔȇǫƎŔɭʋʧȥơȍƎơ
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- ƒɢɽǫȍŔʋơɭŔȍƎǫɽʋŔȍƎơࡪȟȶʋȶɭʽơƎơɭǫȥ ƎʠˊʠȇŔˊŹǬ
- ‘ŔɭʂǬʋŔɭŔljʋŔƎǫɽʋŔȍƎơࡪŔǐɭǬʽơǬɽǬƎʠˊʠɽʠȇŔˊŹǬ
þơȥƎȶȥʠȥȇơȟǫǐơˊŔɢǬʂʋǬǐǬˊơɭƎơƎơǿơȥơɭŔʋǫlj
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þĴࡪ ƒɽʋǫɭŔǠŔʋ࡫ŹŔȥƎŔǿʽơŔʋơȍȍơȟơ࡫ljǫ˖ǫȇʋơƎŔʽǫ
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