Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden Paul Seligson OXFORD Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden Paul Seligson OXFORD ENGLISH FILE the best way to get students talking English File t hird edition gives you motivating, enjoyable lessons that work. • A proven balance of Grammar, Vocabulary, Pronunciation, and skills. • Engaging topics, t asks, and act ivit ies that get students talking on every page. • A complete teaching and learning package. Oxford >making . sense For students For teachers • Student's Book with 4fMl\TI • Workbook (with or without key) wit h ~.u..::~o.:~~ • Teacher's Book with Test and assessment CD-ROM • iTools • Online Workbook with ""}106~~ • Class audio COs • Online skills • Class DVD • English File Pronunciat ion app • Teacher's websit e • Student 's w ebsite www.oup.com/ eltl englishfile • Online Workbook English Sounds Pronunciation Chart based on an original idea and design by Paul SeUgson and Carmen Dolz. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS www.oup.com ISBN 978-0-19-459865-1 ~ for all your ~, ".411111 ~ testing needs , online go to oxford english t esting.com 9 111 '1 780194 598651 Contents 2 Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation 4 A Where are you from? word order in questions common verb phrases, spelling and numbers vowel sounds, t he alphabet 6 B Charlotte's choice present simple describing people: appearance and personality final -s I -es 8 c present continuous clothes, prepositions of place Mr and Mrs Clark and Percy ;:~ a nd 1:1: 10 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 1 Hotel problems 12 A Right place, wrong person past simple: regular and irregular verbs holidays regular verbs: -ed endings 14 B The story behind the photo past continuous prepositions of time and place: at, in, on sentence st ress 16 c t ime sequencers and connectors verb phrases word stress 18 REVISE AND CHECK 1&2 20 A Plans and dreams be going to (plans and predictions) airport s sentence stress and fast speech 22 B Let's meet again present continuous (future arrangements) verbs + prepositions e.g. arrive in sounding friendly 24 c defining relative clauses expressions for paraphrasing: like, for, example, etc. pronunciation in a dictionary 26 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 2 Restaurant problems 28 A Parents and teenagers present perfect +yet, just, already housework, make or do? j and d:y 30 B Fashion and shopping present perfect or past simple? (1) shopping cand ch 32 c something, anything, nothing, etc. adjectives ending -ed and -ing c, 34 REVISE AND CHECK 3&4 36 A No time for anything comparative adjectives and adverbs, time expressions: spend time, etc. sentence stress as ... as One dark October evening What's the word? Lost weekend ~~~.and 111 38 B Superlative cities superlatives(+ ever+ present perfect) describing a town or city word and sentence stress 40 c quantifiers, too, not enough health and t he body ·' , u: , 'a l , and c 42 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 3 The wrong shoes 44 A Are you a pessimist? will I won't (predictions) opposite verbs 'II, won't 46 B I'Ll never forget you will I won't (decisions, offers, promises) verb+ back word stress: two-syllable verbs 48 c review of verb forms: present, past, and future adjectives + prepositions the letters ow 50 REVISE AND CHECK 5&6 How much is too much? The meaning of dreaming Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation 52 A How to... uses of the infinitive with to verbs + infinitive: try to, forget to, etc. weak form of to, linking 54 B uses of the gerund (verb + -ing) verbs+ gerund the letter i 56 C Learn a language in a month! have to, don't have to, must, mustn't modifiers: a bit , really, et c. mus t, mustn't 58 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 4 At the pharmacy 60 A I don't know what to do! should get 'tW and /u:', sentence stress 62 B If something can go wrong, ... if+ present, will + infinitive (first conditional) confusing verbs linking 64 c You must be mine possessive pronouns adverbs of manner sentence rhythm 66 REVISE AND CHECK 7&8 68 A What would you do? if+ past, would+ infinitive (second conditional] animals word stress 70 B I've been afraid of it for years present perfect+ for and since phobias and words related to fear sentence stress 72 c biographies word stress, /:J:I 74 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 5 Getting around 76 A The mothers of invention passive verbs: invent, discover, etc. If , -ed, sentence stress 78 B Could do better used to school subjects used t o / didn't use to 80 c Mr Indecisive might word building: noun formation diphthongs 82 REVISE AND CHECK 9&10 84 A Bad losers expressing movement sport s, expressing movement sports 86 B Are you a morning person? word order of phrasal verbs phrasal verbs linking 88 c What a coincidence! so, neither+ auxiliaries similarit ies sentence stress, \)/ and /1.)/ 90 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 6 Time to go home 92 A Strange but true! past perfect verb phrases contractions: had/ hadn't 94 B Gossip is good for you reported speech say or tell? double consonants 96 c The English File quiz questions without auxiliaries revision revision 98 REVISE AND CHECK 11&12 Being happy Born to sing present perfect or past simple? (2) 100 Communication 126 Grammar Bank 164 Ir regular verbs 111 Writing 150 Vocabulary Bank 166 Sound Bank 118 List ening 3 G word order in questions V common verb phrases, spelling and numbers P vowel sounds, t he alphabet What do you do? I'm at university. 1 VOCABULARY & SPEAKING common verb phrases 1 HOME AND FAMILY • Where you from? • Where you born? • Where do you ? • Doyou _ in a house or flat? • Do you any brothers and sisters? • Do you any pets? 2 JOB I STUDIES • What do you ? • Where do you • Doyou __ your job? • Can you ? • What school I university do you • What year to? you in? _ _ any other languages? Which? • Where did you English before? FREE TIME • What kind of music do you ___ to? • Do you _ _ _ a musical instrument? Which? • What TV programmes do you • Do you ? any sport or exercise? What? • What kind of books or magazines do you • How often do you • What did you a Complete the quest io ns w ith a verb. b 1 2 l)) Li ten a nd repeat the Free Time que tio n Copy the ~tbm . p - c to the cinema? Last weekend? In pair , a k and a n wer the questio ns. Can yo u fi nd at lea t one t hing fro m each section wh ich you have in common? 0 Sentence stress Remember that we usually st ress the important words in a sentence (the ones that carry important information), and say the other words less st rongly, e.g. Where are you from? What do you do? ? e live in the city centre. 2 GRAMMAR word order in questions 3 PRONUNCIATION vow el sounds, the alphabet a Re-order the words to m ake questions . I born where your parents were 2 where fro m teacher o ur is ? ., .) name yo ur how yo u do spell 4 did last you go night o ut ? b ? a 1 S l)) Look at the sound pictures. What are the words and vowel sounds? Listen and check. b > p.l66 Sound Ban k. Look at the typical spellings of ? ~ p.l26 Grammar Bank lA. Learn m o re about word o rder in questio ns and practise it . c Stand up and ask different s tudents the first ques tion until o mebody ays yes. Then ask the fo llow-up questio n. Continue w ith the other questions, ask ing different students. Do you drink a lot of coffee!J 0 the e sound s. c Add these letters to the ci rcles. E G es, I do. How many cups of coffee do you drink!l_ 0 ve cups a day. J M 0 H z R W X Y A B "o~ K Present I drink a lot of coffee (or tea)? How many cups ... ? I go to bed early during the week? W hat time ... ? I spend a lo ng time o n Facebook every day? How long ... ? v D~ T p ~ Past I have a big breakfa t today? What .. . ? I go somewhere nice o n Saturday? Where .. . ? I see a good film last week? What film ... ? 9. c F L l s N D Q - ~u ~ d 6 l)) Li ten and check. Practise saying the letters in each ci rei e. e Ask and answer w ith a pa rtn er. • Do you norma ll y get in touch with yo ur friends by phone, email, o r Facebook? • Do you have an i Pod o r \rl P3 player? What kind? • Do you often wa tch D\ "Ds? What kind? • Do yo u watch the BBC. C. N. o r :VIT \ '? • Do you have a ny friends fro m the U K or the SA? e 4 SPELLING & NUMBERS a b Student information 1 7 l)) Listen a nd wr ite six firs t names. ~Communication What's his name? How do you spell it? A p.lOO B p.l06. d miles surname 2,000 10,500 1 8 l)) Listen and w rite the numbers. l Gate 2 first name address c How do you say these numbers? 13 30 76 100 150 375 600 1,500 Interview your partne r and complete the fo r m. 5 £ _ _ __ 3 Tel : _ _ __ 4 Population: _ _ __ phon e number email G present simple V describing people: appearance and personality P final -s I -es I like good books. He doesn't like sport. 1 VOCABULARY describing people a 9>)) Liste n to a man describin g his gi rlfriend a nd tick (.I ) her picture. b Listen aga in. What two questio ns doe Luke's frie nd ask him? How does Luke answer the second questio n? p c What does she look like? What is she like? What does she look like?= Tell me about her appearance (Is she tall I short? What colour hair does she have?). What is she like?= Tell me what kind of person she is (Is she friendly? Is she shy?). >- p.lSO Vocabulary Bank Describing people. 2 READING a Who do you think knows you better, your mother (or father) o r your best friend? Why? b Read the introductio n and the first parag raph of the article. 1 2 3 4 c What is the idea o f the experiment? W ho i C harl otte? Who are Alice and Katie? What do Alice and Katie have to do?Then what happens? ow read what C ha rlotte says. With a partne r gue the meaning of the highlighted words a nd phrase . d Cover the text. Can you remember? 1 2 3 4 What does Cha rlotte like doing? What's she like? W hat kind of men does f doesn't she like? W ho does she think is going to choose better? Why? In our weekly experiment, single people who are looking for a partner ask their mother and their best friend to help. his week's single person is Charlotte Ramirez, a 25-year-old web designer. He r father is Spanish a nd her mother is English . She lives in Brighton and she doesn't have a partner at the moment. Her mother, Alice, chooses a man she thinks is perfect for her daughter and her best friend , Katie, chooses another. Then Charlotte goes on a date with each man. Which one does she prefer? T I love going to the cinema, but I often feel like staying at home w ith a good book,' says Charlotte. 'I'm quite friendly and sociable and r get on well with 'most people. I th ink I have a good sense of humour.' 'What kind of men do I like? Well, I like interesting men who can make me laugh. Physically, I prefer men with a really nice sm ile who are taller than me. And I don't usually like men with beards! I like men who a re into literature and art, and classical music.' ' I'm not sure who is going to choose better for me. Both my mum and my best friend know me very well. Perhaps Katie could find me a guy who is physically more compatible, but my mother has A known me for longer! 7 3 GRAMMAR present simple 5 PRONUNCIATION final -s I -es a From memory, try to complete the sentences using the present simple. a 1 16 >)) Listen and repeat. I She have a partner at the moment. 2 She on a date with each ma n. 3 Which one she prefer? 4 W hat kind of men I like? 5 usually like men w ith bea rds. ~ s nake She like cats . He work<; with his parents. ~ Lebra He hac; brown eyes. She wear<> jeans . She relaxe<> with boxes of chocolates. H e usee; gla sses to read. hzJ b In pa irs, a nswer the questio ns. Which letter do you add to most verbs wi th he, she, and it? 2 How do the verbs below change with he, she, and it? watch f stu dy f&o f have 3 W hat aux iliary verbs do you use to make questions and negatives with ... ? a I f you f we f they b he/ she fi t p b Pronunciation of final -s I -es: verbs and nouns The final -s is pronounced '<>I or lzJ. The difference is quite s mall. The final -es is pronounced hzJ after ch, c, g, sh, s, z, and x. 17 >)) How do you say the he I she I it form of these verbs and the plura l of these no uns? Listen and check. verbs: choose cook go live st op teach nouns: boy class date frie nd language parent c )'- p.126 Grammar Bank lB. Learn more abo ut t he present simple a nd prac t ise it . d Can you reme mbe r the kind of men Charlotte Likes a nd doesn't like ? 6 SPEAKING & WRITING a Look at the form below a nd prep are to give this info rmation about your friend. e Look at the photos of A lexander a nd O live r. Find out about them . )'- Communication Alexander and Oliver A p.lOO B p.l 06. Do you have a friend who is looking for a partner? Help him I her to find one! Name Relatio nship Single .• Personality + l l Divorced Separated Age Job Likes A ppearance f Which ma n do you think is better for Charlotte? Why? Doesn't like 4 LISTENING a 14>)) Listen to C ha rlotte talking abo ut what happened when she met A lexander. What did she th ink of h im? D oes s he wa nt to see him again? b Listen aga in and write down any adjectives or expressio ns that C ha rlotte uses to describe his appea ra nce a nd personality. c ••• b Work in pairs. As k a nd a nswer about yo ur people. Compa re the info rmatio n. D o you th ink the two people are compatible? 0 c >- p.lll Writing Describing a person. Write a description of a pe rson yo u know. 15 >)) Now repeat fo r O liver. d What does C harlotte decide in t he end? Do you agree w ith her? hat's his (her) name? 7 118>)) SONG Ugly J' G present continuous V clothes, prepositions of place P /of a nd 13:/ What's the woman doing? She's standing in front of the window. 1 VOCABULARY clothes 3 GRAMMAR present continuous a a Look at the pictures. What ar e t he models wearing? M atch the wo rds a nd clo thes. • What do they look like? • What a re theywea ring? • What a re they doing? D boots D shirt D Look at the painting o n p.9 by the British a rt ist D avid H ackney (1937-). In pairs, describe the m a n a nd the wom a n. shoes b Underline the co rrect form of tbe verb, present continuous or D skirt present simple. D top D trousers 1 2 3 4 c In the painting the man isn't wearing f doesn't wear shoes. In the UK women often wear f are wear ina big hats at wedd ings. In the pa inting a white cat sits f is sit tina on the ma n's knee. My son usually sits f is sitting at the back of the class so that the teacher can't see hi m. > p.l26 Grammar Bank lC. Learn mo re about the present co ntinuous and practise it. b > p.l51 Vocabulary Bank Things you wear. d Look at the pictures o n page 4 . What are the people weari ng? What are they do ing? 2 PRONUNCIATION fgf and 13:/ a l 2 0 >)) Liste n to these words and sounds. Practise saying them . ¥ 2 \ shirt skirt T-sh irt b Underline the stressed syllable in the words below. Which sound do they have, 1 o r 2? actor cinema firs t painter third arrive fash ion world university picture working prefer c d 1 21 >)) Liste n a nd check. > p.166 Sound Bank. Look at the ty pica l pellings fo r these sound s. e a 1 24 >)) Look at thc pa intingofMr andMrsC/arka nd Percyon p.9 and li sten to the aud io guide. Focus o n th e people and things in th e pa inting as they are m e ntioned . b Liste n aga in. Ma rk the sente nces T (true) o r F (fal se). I tro users trainers co mputer sandals sweater cardigan ~ bird 4 LISTENING Ask and a nswer the questio ns w ith a pa rtner. What clothes do you usually wea r ... ? • at work / uni versity/ school • when you go o ut at nig ht • when you want to relax at th e weekend I Percy is the name of the cat. 2 MrandMrsCiark m adeclothes fo r famo us people. 3 The painting shows their li ving room . 4 The painting is qu ite sma ll. 5 Celia is pregna nt in the pa inting. 6 Ozzie is putting his feet into the carpet because he is cold. 7 The positio n o f the couple in the paintin g is unu ual. 8 The open window is a sym bol of the love between them. 9 The cat is a symbol of in fide li ty. 10 Celia and Ozzie later got divorced. 11 Celia doesn't li ke the pai nt ing. 12 Ozzie C la rk d ied in 1995. fl.1r and fl.1rs Clark and Percy (1970-71) by David Hackney in the Tate Gallery, London 5 VOCABULARY prepositions of place a Look at some sente nces w hich describe the painting. Complete them with a word or phrase fro m the list. 6 SPEAKING p Describing a picture (a painting or photo) When we describe a picture we normally use: • There is I There are to say what is in the picture, e.g. There is a table and a vase with flowers in it. There are two people. • The present continuous to say what the people are doing, e.g. The woman is standing and the man is sitting. • Sometimes we combine There is and the present continuous, e.g. There is a woman standing near the window. in (x2) on (x2) under in front of behind between next to on the right on the left in the middle l There are two people the room. 2 The woma n is sta nding _ _ _ , and the man is sitting _ _ __ 3 4 5 6 7 8 b of the pai nt ing, the ma n and the woman , there's an open window. A white cat is itting the ma n. T here' a carpet the man's chair. There' a telephone the floor the man' chai r. the telephone there's a lamp. the woman there's a table, and a vase with flowers it. 1 25 >)) Listen and check. Then cover the sentences a nd look at the pa inting. Say w he re the thin gs a nd peo ple arc. a >- Communication Describe and draw A p. l OO B p.106. Describe your picture for your pa rtner to draw. b In s mall groups, ask a nd answer the quest io ns. 2 3 4 5 Which of the three painting in this lesson do you prefer? Why? What pictures or poster do you have on the wa ll in your bed room or living room? Do you have a favo uri te pa inting? What? Can you describe it? Do you have a favourite painter? W ho? Do you (or did you) paint or draw? W hat kind of things? 4imttD - Hotel problems INTRODUCTION a Look at the pho tos. Describe Je nny a nd Ro b. b 1 26 >)) Watch o r lis te n to Je nny. umber the pictures 1-6 in the o rder she me ntio ns them. c Watch o r liste n again and answer the que tio ns. I What doc Jenny do? 2 Where did he go a few months ago? 3 W ho' Ro b Walker? 4 What did they do together? 5 \: hat doe she think of Rob? 6 What's Rob's one negative quality? 7 How lo ng is Rob going to be in ew York? ~rri ~ 2 [) CALLING RECEPTION a 1 27>)) Cover the dialogue and watch o r listen. Who does Rob call ? Why? a b Watch or listen again. Complete the You H ear phrases. >)) You Hear You Say How can I _ _ _ you? There's a problem with the air conditioning. It isn't working, and it's very hot in my room. I'll I'm sorry, sir. somebody up to look at it right now. Thank you. Good _ _ _, reception. Hello. I'm sorry to bother you again. This is room 613. How can I help you? I'll b Watch or liste n again. Say why the F sentences are fa lse. c Look at the Socia l E nglish phrases. Can you remember any o f the m issing words? I have a problem with the Wi-fi. I can't get a signal. Social English phrases at last. Jenny Here you Rob It's to be here. Jenny Do you have a _ _ _ view? Jenny Barbara's forward to meeting you. Jenny You _ _ _ be really tired. Rob I guess you're _ __ Rob By the _ __ Jenny It's _ _ _ to see you too. I'm sorry sir. you through to IT. Thanks. 28>)) Watch or listen and repeat the You Say ph rases. Copy the~thm . Q I'll A There's a problem with the air conditioning. B I'll send somebody to look at it. I'll = I will. We use I'll+ verb to offer to do something. d e d Practise the dialogue in 2b with a part ner. e - In pa irs, roleplay the d ialogue. A (book open) You are the receptionist. B (book closed) You are a guest. You have two problem s with your room (think about what they are). A Offer to do something about B's problems. You begi n with Hello, reception . f Swap roles. 1 29 >)) That evening Jenny goes to the hotel to meet R ob and they go out for a drink. Watch or listen and mark the senten ces T or F. Rob says he doesn't li ke the hotel. 2 Jenny is going to show him round the city tomorrow. 3 Barbara is Jenny's boss. 4 Rob is hungry. 5 lt's four in the morning for Rob. 6 They're going to meet at eleven. 7 Jenny th inks that Rob is going to get lost. 0 Hello, reception. Hello. This is room 613. c JENNY AND ROB MEET AGAIN 30 >)) Watch or listen and com plete the phrases. Watch or listen again and repeat the phrases. How do you say t hem in you r language? • Canyou ...? D tell somebody about a problem (e.g. in a hot el) D offer to do something D greet a friend who you haven't seen for a long time G past simple: regular and irregular verbs V holidays P regular verbs: -ed endings 1 VOCABULARY holidays relaxing, going to rnuseums. T hen com pa re The place is perfect, the weather is wonderful, w ith a pa r tner. but if you're with the wrong person, a holiday can be a disaster... a In o ne minute, w ri te do w n fi ve things you like doin g when yo u're o n holiday, e.g. b c > p.l52 Vocabulary Bank Holidays. In pairs. inte rview you r pa rtner w ith the holiday q ue tio nna ire. As k Wily? My perfect summer holiday Which do you prefer...? going abroad or going on holiday in your country going by car, bus, plane or train going t o t he beach or going to a cit y staying in a hotel (or apartment) or going camping sunbathing, going sight seeing or going for walks hot, sunny weather or cool, cloudy weather going with f riends or going w ith your family 2 READING & SPEAKING a Wo rk in pa irs. A read abo ut Joe's ho liday. Bread abo ut Laura's ho liday. Find the a nswers to q uestio n 1- 5. 1 Where d id he I she go o n holiday? 2 W ho did he I she go with ? 3 W here did he I she stay? 4 What was the weath er Iike? 5 W hy d id n't he I she enjoy the holiday? b 1 ow tell your pa rt ne r a bo ut the ho liday you read . Use questio n 1-5 to help yo u . c - Where did Read yo ur partne r's text. In pairs, gues the mean ing of the high Iightcd wo rd s a nd phrases. W hose holiday do yo u thin k was wo rse? W hy? d Have yo u ever had a holiday th at yo u d idn't enjoy ver y much ? W hat happe ned? Joe 28, a flight attendant Last Oct ober I went on holiday to Thailand for two weeks with my girlfriend, Mia. The holiday began well. We spent two days in Bangkok and saw the Floating Market and the Royal Palace. But things went wrong when we left Bangkok. I wanted to stay in hostels, which were basic but clean, but Mia said they were too uncomfortable and so we stayed in quite expensive hotels. I wanted to experience the local atmosphere but Mia just wanted to go shoppin g. I thought I knew Mia very well, but you don't know a person until you travel with t hem. It wa s awful! We argued about everything. For our last f our days we went t o Ko Chang, a beautiful island. It was like being in paradise. The weather was lovely and the beaches were wonderful, but we just sunbath ed without speaking. We spent our last night back in Bangkok and we went f or a drink with some Australians. They we re r eally friendly and Mia st art ed flirting with one of th e boys. That was the end. Wh en we arrived at Heathrow airport the you don't know a next day we decided t o break up. c person until you travel with them ' Laura 26, a nurse I t ook hundreds of phot os, bu t w hen I got home I didn't show them to anyone. c I'd love to go back to Venice one day... Last spring my best f riend Isabelle and I booked a holiday in Venice. We rented but without Linda. ' a small apartment f or a week with a fantast ic view of the ca nals. At th e last moment another friend, Linda, asked if she cou ld come too. We felt sorry for her because she had problems with her boyfriend, so w e said yes. Venice was magical and the weather was perfect, but t he holiday was a disaster f or one simple r eason: Linda was so mean! She has a good j ob so she's not poor, but she just didn't want to pay f or anything. When we went sight seeing she didn't want to go to any museums or galleries that cost money. When we went on a gondola she complained that it was very expensive. When we went to have lunch or dinner she always wanted t o go to cheap restaurant s or she bought pizzas and ate them in the flat. But the night I invited her and Isabelle out on my b i rt~d ay she chose the most expensive things on the menu! The worst thing was that although Isabelle and I paid for the apartment , Linda never once bought us a coffee or a drink. I'd love to go back t o Venice one day... but without Linda. 3 LISTENING a 5 PRONUNCIATION regular verbs: -ed endings 1 34>)) You a re going to li ten to Mia and Linda talking a bo ut the ho lidays. Firs t liste n to Mia. Does sh e agree with Joe about the holiday? a b Listen again. What does Mia say about ... ? 1 37 >)) Listen a nd repeat the sentences. ~ tie We booked a ho liday. We wa lked a ro und th e town. 1t dog We sunbathed o n tbe beach. We argued abo ut everyth ing. !Jd/ We re nted a flat. We decided to brea k up. 1 her relationship w ith Joe before they went 2 the places where they stayed 3 talking to othe r travellers b Say the past simple of these verbs. In which o nes is -ed 4 photos prono u need lid/ ? S goi ng o n holiday with a boyfriend c 1 35 >)) ow li te n to Linda. What's her o pinion o f t he ho liday? Then listen again. What d oes sh e ay about . .. ? Venice 2 w hat they did there 3 the cost of her holiday 4 her next holiday arrive ask end invite like love c p need park start stay 1 38 >)) Liste n and c h eck. Regular past simple verbs Remember that we don't normally pronounce the e in -ed. The -ed ending is usually pronounced it or ld '. The difference between these endings is very small. We only pronounce the e in -ed when there is a t or a d before it, e.g. wanted, ended. With these verbs -ed = 1d . d Who do you sy mpathi ze w ith most, Joe or Mia? La ura or Linda? 6 SPEAKING 4 GRAMMAR past simple: regular and irregular verbs a Look at Your last holiday below. What a re the questions? b Think abo ut your answe rs to the que tio ns . a What is the past simple of these verbs? Are they regular or irregu la r ? C heck your answers in Joe's text. go _ _ b b egin _ _ spend _ __ leave wa nt stay _ _ be _ _ f_ _ know unbathe YOUR LAST HOLIDAY 1 Whe-re. I !JO? '). Whe-~ I !JO? 3 Who 1 !JO with? q. Whe-re. I st~y? 5 WMt I the- food. Like.? ~ WMt I the- we.~the.r Like.? 7 WMt 1 do d.u.ri113 the. d.~y? g WMt I do ~t ~3k.t? q 1 MVe. ~ !JOOd. time.? 10 1 M Ve. ~~y probLe-ms? think a rgue _ __ take ow und erline th e past simple [±] verbs in Laura's tex t. What are the infinitives? c Find and und e rline two past s imple G ve rbs in the two texts. H ow do you make B a nd IT! in the past s imple . .. ? • w ith no rm al verbs • with was f were • with could d )o- p.l28 Grammar Bank 2A. Learn mo r e about the past simple and practise it. c Work in pairs. Ask yo ur partner about his f her ho liday. S h ow inte rest in' h at he f she says, and ask for more information. Then swap roles. p Useful language for showing interest [±] Really? Wow! Fantastic! Great! etc. B Oh no! How awful! etc. IT! Was it expensive? Why? What happened? etc. G past continuous V prepositions of time and place: at, in, on P sentence stress 1 READING a Look at a pho to which news phorogra pher To m Pilsto n took in 2008. What do you think is happening? b Read Tom's descriptio n of w h at happened o n the night he took the phoro. Were you ri ght? c Read it aga in a nd a nswer the questions. l Why di d Tom Pilston go ro C hicago? 2 W hy couldn't he ra ke a photograph of Oba ma? 3 What was the weather like? 4 Where did he take rhis photo? 5 Where could the people see rhe election results? 6 Was he sorry that he couldn't go inside the center? 7 What happened when Obama won? n 4th November 1arrived in Chicago late in the evening. I wanted to photograph Barack Obama and his family in the Convention center, but when 1 got there 1 discovered that 1 didn't have my press pass and 1 couldn't go inside. 1 walked around the park outside the center. Although it was November. it was a warm night. The atmosphere was wonderful. When 1 took this photo everybody was looking at the TV screens waiting for the election results. Some people were quietly holding hands and smiling - others were tense and nervous. They felt that it was their moment. Suddenly 1 realized that this was a better place to be than inside. 1 was watching Obama's victory through the faces of all these people, African, Hispanic, Chinese, white. At about 11 o'clock the results were announced, and everybody went mad. People started laughing, shouting, and crying. But when Obama made his speech they all became quiet and emotional. There was only one place to be on the planet that night - and 1 was there. 0 d W hy do you t hink the phorographer tho ught hi s photo was bet ter th a n a pho to of O ba ma himself? Do you ag ree? 2 GRAMMAR past continuous a Look at the highlighted verbs in an extract from the text. D o they descri be actions that happened . . .? a after he took the photo b at the sa me time as he took the photo When I to ok thi s ph ot o everybody was looking at the TV screens waiting f or t he election re sults. Some people were quietly holding hands and smiling - oth ers were tense and nervous. b >- p.l28 Grammar Ba nk 2B. Learn mo re about t he past continuo us a nd practise it. c 1 41>)) In pa irs, lis ten to the sounds a nd make a sentence using the pas t co ntinuou a nd the past sim ple. ( .:.~? were playing tennis ~n it started to rain. 3 VOCABULARY at, in, on a Which prepositio n do you use before ... ? 1 a date (e.g. 4th ovember) _ _ 2 a time (e.g. II o'clock) _ _ 3 the mo rn ing, the a fternoo n, etc. _ _ 4 a room or building (e.g. the Convention Center) _ _ b C heck yo ur a nswers tO a in the text. W hat preposition do you use w ith . .. ? I a month (e.g. January) _ _ 2 the weekend 3 home, work, school _ _ c >- p.153 Vocabulary Bank Prepositions. Do part 1. d >-Communication at , in, on A p.lOO B p. l 06. A n wer t he questio n s w ith a preposition and a t ime o r place. ~ ~ ~ ~ "&i "'g ~ ~ ~ 4 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress 6 SPEAKING & WRITING a a 1 43 l)) Listen a nd repeat the dia logue. Copy the !:hxthm. Where were you at six o'clock in the evening? I was at work. A What were you doing? B I was having a meeting with the boss. Talk to a pa r t ne r. G ive mo re info rmatio n if you can . A 2 B 3 b In pairs, take turns to a nswer th e questio n a bo ut 4 yesterd ay. 6.30 a.m. 11.00 a.m. lunchtime 4.00 p.m. 6.00 p.m. 10.00 p.m. midnight 5 Where were you.at ~.30 ) ( 1was at home. m the mornrng~ 6 '2.------ b What were you doing! l Do you have a photo you really like? Who took it? What was happenin g at the time? Do you upload photos onto Facebook o r o ther intern et sites? What ..vas the Ia t photo you uploaded? Do you have a phoro as th e screen saver o n yo ur computer or phone? What i it of? Do yo u have a favo ur ite pho to of yourself as a child? W ho took it? What was happe ning when th ey took it? W har were you wearing? Do you have any photos in your bed room o r living room? What are they of ? Do you know any other fa mo us histo ri cal photos? Who o r w hat are they of? >- p.l12 Writing /V1y favourite photo. Wr ite a descriptio n o f yo u r favourite photo. 5 LISTENING a Look at a famous pho to w hich was o n th e cover o f many m agazine around t he wo rld in the 1960s. Where do you think th e peo ple a re? W hat do you rh ink is happe ning? b Read the beginn ing of a newspaper a rticle. Why do yo u think it i called 'The inwBe that cost afortune'? c 1 44l)) ow listen to the wo m an in the pho to talking about it. Were yo u ri ght? d Listen aga in. C hoose a, b, o r c. 2 3 4 5 In 1968 she a was n't interested in politics b was a com munist c was an ana rchis t She loved the atmosphere beca use all the students were fighti ng fo r __ . a peace b democracy c freedo m She was sittin g o n a friend's shoulders _ _ . a because she was tired b to take photos c so that she coul d see better She was carrying the flag because __ . a she was a leader in the demo nstration b somebody gave it to her c she brought it with her Her grand father died six __ later. a days b weeks c months e Do yo u thi nk she is so rry that she was in th at photo? aroline de Bendern was born in 1940. She was the granddaughter of count Maurice de Bendern, a rich aristocrat who owned a lot of property in Paris and Monaco. Although he had other grandchildren, the count decided to leave all his money to caroline. 'I never knew why.' says caroline. 'Perhaps because 1 was pretty.' He paid for her to go to very expensive schools in England, and he hoped that she would marry well, perhaps a member of a European royal fami ly. But caroline was a rebel. She went to New York and worked there for a short time as a model. Then, in 1968 when she was 28 years old she returned to Paris ... C G time sequencers and connectors V verb phrases P word stress 1 GRAMMAR time sequencers and connectors a 1 45 >)) Read the srory once. T hen complete it with a word or phrase from the box. Listen to the story and check. After that Next day One evening in Oct ober Suddenly Two mint1tes-la ~r When b With a partn er. answer the question s. Why did H annah go and peak ro Jamie? 2 Why did Jamie play Blue As Your Eyes? 3 W hat happened when H an nah left the club? 4 What wa the rest aurant like? 5 Wh ere did they go every evening after that? 6 What was the wea th er like that evening? 7 Why was H an nah driving fast? 8 Why didn't she see the man? c From m em or y cornplete these sentences f r om the story w ith so, beca use, or althou8h. Then check with the srory. She was going ver y fast ___ she was in a hurry. 2 ___ the food wasn't very good, they had a wonderfu l time. 3 H e was wearin g a dark coat, ___ H annah didn't see him at f irst. d > p.128 Grammar Bank 2C. L ea rn more about time sequencer s and connector s and practise them. e Complete the sentences in your own word s. Then compare with a partner. I T hey fell in love on their first date. Two months later. .. 2 I went to bed early last night because ... 3 The weather was beautiful , so we decided ... 4 It wa s rea lly cold that night, and w hen I woke up next morning... 5 A l though we didn 't play wel l in th e f inal. .. 6 I was driving along the motorway li reni ng to the radio. Suddenly ... annah met Jamie in the summer of 2010. It was Hannah's 21st birthday and she and her friends went to a club. They wanted to dance, but they didn't like the music, so Hannah went to speak to the OJ. 'This music is awful,' she said. 'Could you play something else?' The OJ looked at her and said, 'Don't worry, I have the perfect song for you.' H 1 Two minutes later he said, 'The next song is by Scouting For Girls. It's called Blue As Your Eyes and it's for a beautiful girl who's dancing over there.' Hannah knew that the song was for her. 2_ Hannah and her friends left the club, the OJ was waiting for her at the door. 'Hi, I'm Jamie,' he said to Hannah. 'Can I see you again?' So Hannah gave him her phone number. 3 Jamie phoned Hannah and invited her to dinner. He took her to a very romantic French restaurant and they talked all evening. Although the food wasn't very good, they had a wonderful time. 4 Jamie and Hannah saw each other every day. Every evening when Hannah finished work they met at 5.30 in a coffee bar in the high street. They were madly in love. 5 , Hannah was at work. As usual she was going to meet Jamie at 5.30. It was dark and it was raining. She looked at her watch. It was 5.20! She was going to be late! She ran to her car and got in. At 5.25 she was driving along the high street. She was going very fast because she was in a hurry. 6 , a man ran across the road . He was wearing a dark coat, so Hannah didn't see him at first. Quickly, she put her foot on the brake ... 2 PRONUNCIATION word stress p Stress in two-syllable words Approximately 80% of t wo-syllable words are stressed on the f irst syllable. Most two-syllable nouns and adjectives are stressed on the first syllable, e.g. mother, happy. However, many two-syllable verbs and prepositions or connectors are stressed on the second syllable, e.g. arrive, behind, before. 4 SPEAKING & LISTENING a Read the stOry of Hannah and Jamie in 1 aga in. b In pairs, use pictures 1- 5 tO re-tell the story. Try to use connectors a nd the ve rb phrases in 3 . a Underline the tressed sylla ble in these words from the srory. a cross af ter a gain a long al though aw fu l be cause birth day eve ning in vite per feet se cond b 1 49 >)) Listen and check. 3 VOCABULARY verb phrases a Make verb phrases with a verb from box 1 and a phrase from box 2. All the phrases are from the sto ry. inv ite somebody to dinner 1 invite have 2 meet along the high street somebody your email I phone number give a song t ake across the road drive wait in a hurry be in a coffee bar play for somebody leave the club very late run semeeecly t e-Elinner somebody to a rest aurant a wonderful t ime b Cover box l . Try to re member the verb for each phrase. c T he re a re two different endings to the story. Have a class vote. Do you wa nt to listen to the happy ending o r the sad ending? d 1 50, 5ll)) What do you th ink is goin g tO happen in the ending yo u have cho en? Li ten once and check . e Listen again . If you chose the happy e nding, a nswer the questio ns in > Communication Happy ending p.lOl. If you chose the sad ending, answer the questions in > Communication Sad ending p.l09. 5 1 52 >)) SONG Blue As Your Eyes .,n GRAMMAR Q a , b , or c. I ___ an y brothers or sisters? a Have you b Do you 2 ___ last night? 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 c Do you have a Where you went b Where did you go c Where you did go My brother ___ foo tball. a doesn't like b do n't like c doesn't likes H er parents ___ a small business. a bas b haves c have I ___ to music when I'm working. a never listen b don't never listen c listen never In the picture the woman ___ a blue dress. a wears b wearing c is wea ring A What ___? B I'm looki ng for my keys. a you are doing b do you do c are you doing She's at university. S he ___ history. a 's studing b 's studying c studying We ___ to Malta last August. a were b went c did go I saw the film, but I ___ it. a didn't liked b don't liked c didn't like When I got home my parents ___ on the sofa. a were sitting b was sitting c were siting What ___ at 11 p.m.? You didn't answe r my ca ll. a you were doing b you was doing c were you doing 13 She couldn't see him because she ___ her glasses. a wasn't wea ring b didn't wear c didn't weari ng 14 We went to the cinema. ___ we decided to go for a wa lk. a After b Then c When I 5 We had a great time, ___ the weather wasn't very good. a so b because c although VOCABULARY a Complete the phrases with a verb from the lis t. book do drive invite leave look play stay take wear 1 A Whatdo you _ __ ? B l'm adoctor. 2 A Whatdoesshe _ __ like? B She'stall and slim . 3 She doesn't usua11y ___ jewellery, only her wedding ring. 4 5 6 7 8 A Did you ___ any photos? B o, l didn't. A Where did you ___? B In a small hotel. Did you ___ your fl ights o nline? A Let's ___ yourpa rent tod inner. B Good idea. A A re you goin g to ___ there? B o, we're going to get the tra in. 9 A Go o n! Ask the OJ to _ _ o ur song! B OK. home tomorrow? 10 A What time do we need to B About 7.00. Our flight is at 9.00. b Complete with at, in, or OIL 1 The meeting is March 13th. 2 A Where's Mum ? B She's the kitchen. 3 He was born _ __ 1989. 4 A Where's the dictionary? B It's ___ the shelf in my room. 5 Mark 's no t back yet - he's still ___ school. 6 It's a very quiet rown, especia lly ___ ni ght. 7 We went ho lid ay to Malta last yea r. c Q the wo rd that is different. I straight 2 clever 3 friendly 4 dress 5 socks 6 necklace 7 wi ndy 8 basic lo ng lazy mean skirt gloves bracelet foggy dirty blo nde generous stupid tights trainers ring dirty un com fortable beard funny unkind tie sandals scarf sunny luxurious PRONUNCIATION a Q 1 the word with a different sound. Cit v E G shirt sho rts wo r k curly chooses language lives glasses 2 ~ 3 I Z. 4 ~ weight height kind night ~ painter trainers university trousers 5 b Underline the stressed syllable. 1 tal ka rive 3 pre fer 2 moustache 4 dis gu sting 5 comfor ta ble CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT? a Read the news pa per a rticle o nce. D oes the jo urnalist think th a t tak ing pho tos in museums is a good thi n g o r a bad thing? [)CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE? 1 53 >)) In the s treet Watc h o r list en to five people a nd a n swer t he questions. b Read t he article aga in . Ma rk the sente nces T (tru e) o r F (false). T he jo urn alist saw tou r ists tak ing photographs o f works of a rt in Rome a nd ew York. 2 W hen he first saw people tak ing ph otos in the MOMA he d idn't unde rstand w ha t they we re really doing. 3 T hen he rea lised t h at the photographe rs were not look ing at the pa intings. 4 T hey were ta kin g photos because th ey wanted to look at the paintings la te r. 5 Later a couple asked him to take a photo of the m in front o f a painting. 6 He suggests t wo possible ways of solving the prob le m . c Look a t the h ighlighted word s in the text. G uess the ir mea ning fro m the context. C heck with your teache r o r with a dictio n a ry. Justin Joanna Sarah Jane David Andy Just in _ _ _. a looks like his mo the r b looks like his father c does n't look like his father or his mother 2 Joa nn a's favo urite painting is of _ _ _. a a la ndscape b a person c an animal 3 Sarah Ja ne's last holid ay was a _ _ _ ho liday. a beach 4 David b wa lk ing c sightseei ng a takes a lot of photos b is in a lot o f photos c has a lot of photos o n h is phone 5 And y says _ _ _ . a he enjoys cry ing at the end of a fi lm b he th in ks fi lms w ith a sad end ing a re more real istic c m ost of h is favourite films have a sad e nd ing CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH? he firs t time I noticed this phenomenon was a few years ago, in St Peter's Basilica in Rome- a crowd of people standing round Michelangelo's Pietci, taki ng photos with their cameras and mobile phones. Then last week I saw it again at the Museum of Modern Art (the MOMA) in New York. At first, I wasn't too worried when I saw people photographing the paintings. It was a bit irritating, but that was all. It didn't make me angry. Then the sad truth hit me. Most of the people were taking photos without looking at the paintings themselves. People were pushing me, not because they were trying to get a better view of the art, but because they wanted to make sure that no one blocked their photo. Was it possible that perhaps they were taking the photos so that they could admire the paintings better when they got home? This was very improbable. They were not there to see the paintings, but to take photos to prove that they had been there. D o the tas ks w it h a partner. T ic k do t hem . Then it got worse. Now people were taking photos of their partners or friends who were posing next to, or in front of some of the most famous paintings. Neither the photographers nor the person they were photographing had looked at the art itself, although I saw that sometimes they read the label, to make sure that the artist really was famous. At least nobody asked me to take a picture of them together, smiling in front of a Picasso! 6 T I think that photography in museums should be banned, but I also have a less drastic solution. I think that people who want to take a photo of an exhibit should be forced to look at it first, for at least one minute. Adapted from Marcel Berlin's art1cle 1n The Guard tan (.1) t h e box if you can C an you .. . ? 1 D 2 D describe the appearance and personality of a ask an d a n swe r six questio ns a bout work f stud ies, fa mily, and free t ime activities p erson you know well 3 D describe a picture in th is book a nd say w ha t is 4 D ask an d answer t hree questio ns about a recent happening, wha t t he people are wea ring, etc. holiday 5 _] descr ibe a favo u r ite p hoto and say what was ha ppeni ng w he n you took it D say t h ree true se ntence using t he connectors so, because, a nd althouBh [ ) Short films A photographer Watch and enjoy a fi lm on iTut or. G be going to (plans and predictions) V airports P sentence stress and fast speech 1 VOCABULARY airports 2 LISTENING a When was the last time you were at an a irpo rt? Was it to travel somewhere (where?) or to meet someone (who?)? a b Look at the a irpor t sig ns and match them to the words and ph rases below. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 What are their plans? What are their dreams? Baggage drop-off Baggage reclaim Check-in Customs We spent a morning in Departures last week asking people about t heir travel plans. OeQ.S!.Ctures Gates Lifts b 1 55 >)) Listen and check your answers to a. Then liste n again and complete t he chart. Toilets [l Trolley c • going to work abroad for an GO (= non-gove rnmental organization) • goin g to sec a n ex-partner • going to do a photo shoot in a n exotic place Arrivals LJ Passport control 0 Terminal 0 Look at the three tra vellers in the picture. Who do you t hink is ... ? 1 54>)) Listen and check. Then cover the word and look at the symbols. Remember the words a nd phrases. Where to? Olivia Matthew Lily Why? Other information 3 GRAMMAR be going to (plans and predictions) a 1 56 >)) Look at these se ntences fro m t he airpo r t inter views and complete the gaps with a fo rm of be BoinB to + verb. Then liste n a nd check. I English to youn g child ren. 2 How lo ng there fo r? 3 It's winter in Australia now, so _ _ _ _ _ __ qu ite cold. 4 _ _ _ ____ you at the air po rt? 5 l'm sure _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a greattime . or many people airports are a nightmare - long queues when you check in and go through security and an even longer wait if your flight is delayed. But there are some airports where you can actually enjoy yourself. All good airports have excellent facilit ies for business people and children, free Wi-fi, restaurants, cafes, and shops. But the best airports have much more ... F b In pairs decide if sentences J - 5 are pia ns o r predict io ns about the futu re. Write PL (pla n) o r PR (predic tio n). c )o- p.l30 Grammar Bank 3A. Lea rn m o re abo ut be BOinB to a nd practise it. SINGAPORE AIRPORT is paradise for flower lovers, as it has an indoor orchid garden! It also has a rooftop swimming pool and a free sight-seeing tour for people who have at least five hours to wait for their connecting flight. 4 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING sentence stress and fast speech a If you like computer games, you'll never be bored at HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT - there are dozens of free Playstations all over the terminals! It's also good for people with no sense of direction - there are 'Airport Ambassadors' in red coats , who help you to get f rom one place to another. 1 58 >)) Listen a nd repeat the sente nces. Copy the r.by,thm . W hat a rc you g_Qing ro do ton.ighP 2 Are you g_Qing ro see a film? 3 l'mg_Qing ro cook amealforyou. 4 1 think it 's g_Qi ng ro rain. 5 We aren't g_Qing ro have a holiday th is year. I p b SEOUL AIRPORT is the place to relax. You can go to the hairdresser and have beauty treatments or a massage. Sports fa ns can also play golf at their 72-hole golf cours e! MUNICH AIRPORT helps to kee p passengers entertained with a 60-seat cinema and non-stop films. The re is also free coffee and tea near all the seating areas, and lots of free magazines and newspapers. Fast speech: gonna When people speak fast t hey often pronounce g oing to as gonna ·•g:m:J. , e.g. What are you going t o do? sounds like What are you gonna do? If you worry about your health and like to be near medical services at all times, OSAKA AIRPORT in Japan is the perfect place to wait, as it has a dentist and doctor's surgery. And for people with animals, there is even a pet hotel! 1 59 >)) Listen a nd w ri te s ix sente nce . c )o- Communication What are your plans? A p.lOl B p.l 07. lnter view each othe r abo ut your plans. If you have a long wait between flights at ZURICH AIRPORT in Switzerland, you can rent day rooms with their own bathroom and kitchen and wake-up call service. So you can have a shower and then sleep peacefully until you have to board your flight. 5 READING a What is yo ur nearest a irport? What's it like? What can you do th ere w hile yo u're waiting for a fli ght? c b Read an a rt icle abo ut the to p a irpo rts in the wo rld . W hich is t he best airpo rt(s) if yo u .. . ? d R o le play wi th a pa rt ne r. 2 3 4 5 6 7 have a medica l pro blem would like to see a film want to do some port or exercise need to leave yo ur dog for the weekend are worried abo ut getting lost wa nt to sleep between flights would like to see the city between fl ights Look at the high lighted wo rds and phra es related to a irports a nd g ues their m ea nin g. A im agine you are at o ne of these airports and yo ur fl ight is delayed fo r three hou rs. B calls yo u o n your mobile. Tell B where yo u a re and what you a re going to do. T hen swap ro le . Do the sa me with o ther airpo rts. 6 1 6o >)) SONG This is the Life ~ G present continuous (future arrangements) V verbs + prepositions, e.g. arrive in P sounding friendly c 1 READING & LISTENING a 6 1>)) H ow d o yo u say these d ates? Li ste n a nd check. 3rd May 12th August 201 2 22/ 6 5/ 2 20th July 1998 31st December d Match t he hi ghli g hted wo rd s and phrases to their mea nin g. I ____ fo r a lo ng time 2 ____ defin ite pla ns fo r rhe furure 3 ____ I continue to be b Ben and Lily are o ld frie nds fro m univers ity. R ead their Facebook messages and number the m in o rd er. - D Ben West OK. Why don't you phone me nearer th e time, at t he end of April? Then we can fix a day and a time to meet. I know a great restaurant ... lily Varnell [0 Hi Ben! No news from you for ages. How are D D D e 1 62 >)) Lily pho nes Ben a nd leaves him a m essage. Lis te n a nd co mplete her flight d eta ils. Thank you for booking with easyJet YOUR RESERVATION NUMBER IS: ISCS2L Going out: Flight EZY4587 Depart Arrive Going back: Flight EZY4588 Ben West It depends on the day. I'm going to Vienna one day that week, but it's not very far I'm coming back the same day. I'm sure we can find a time that's good for both of Hotel reservations: Lily Varnell It's from 3rd to 7th May, but I don't know my travel arrangements yet. What are you doing that week? Are you free any time? Ben West Lily! Great to hear from you. Yes , I'm still at t he university here and it's going very well - Budapest is a wonderful city to liv e in. When exactl y is the conference? lily Varnell Fantastic. I can't wait! Depart Arrive Date: _ _ __ Lo ndon Gatw ick at 11.1 0. Budapest at _ _ __ things? Are you still working at Budapest University? I have a conference there next month and I t hought perhaps we could meet. I'd love to see you again! Lily. us. D 5 6 lily Varnell Great. I'm going to book my tickets tomorrow, and then I can let you know my flight times. maybe rhe two to decide sth (e.g. a day f date) 4 Home Profile D Read rh e m e age aga in in the ri ght o rder. Why d o es Lily get in touch w ith Ben? What a re they plannin g ro do? Date: _ __ Budapest at _ _ __ London Gatwi ck at 18.10. Six nights at Hotel _ _ __ 2 GRAMMAR present continuous 3 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING (future· arrangements) a ln pai rs, underline five present continuous verbs in the Facebook messages. Which two are about now? What time perio d do the other three refer to? sounding friendly a A Would you like t o go out for dinner? B I'd love to. A Are you free on Thursday? B Sorry, I'm going to the cinema. A What about Friday? What are you doing then? B Nothing. Friday's fine. A OK. Let's go to the new Italian place. B Great. b 1 63 >)) Look at three extracts from the message Lily leaves Ben . Ca n you remember the missing verbs? Listen a nd check. L l"m 2 I'm 3 I'm c from Gatwick with Easyjet. at Budapest airport at 14.40. at a lovely old hotel. > p.l30 Grammar Bank 3B. Lea rn more about the prese nt continuo us for futu re arra ngements a nd prac tise it. d 1 67 >)) Listen to a nother dialogue. Then liste n agai n and repeat it sentence by sentence. T ry to copy the speakers' into nation . b Practise the dia logue w ith a pa rtner. Try to sound friend ly. c Comple te your diary w ith different activities fo r three evenings. 1 65 >)) Lily phones Ben when she arrives at the hote l. Liste n to the conversa tio n. What day do they ar ra nge to meet? e Li te n again. Complete Ben' diary for the week. seeing Paul d Talk to other students. T ry to find days when you are both free a nd suggest doing so mething. Write it in your diary. Try to make a n a rra ngement with a d ifferent person for every night. Are you free on Friday evening_Q 0 es, I am. Would you like t o go to the cinema?_J 0 es, I'd love to. 4 VOCABULARY verbs + prepositions a WednesdayS Thursday 6 Look at things Lily a nd Ben say. What are the missing prepositions? It depends __ the day. 2 I'm arriving __ Budapest at 14.40. 3 Paul invited me __ dinner ages ago. b > p.153 Vocabulary Bank Prepositions. Do part 2 (Verbs+ prepositions) . c Fnday 7 f Cover the dia ry. Work with a pa rtner and test your memory. What's Ben ~~~g ) ( He~s- seeing Paul. What's on Sunda~ ~doing on fv1onday? Complete the questions with a preposition. T hen ask a nd a nswer w ith a partner. 1 What do you usually ask __ if you go to a cafe with friends? 2 Who do you think should pay __ the meal on a first date? 3 Who do you normally speak _ _ when you're worried __ something? 4 Do you spend more money __ clothes or __ gadgets? 5 Do you think it's possible to fa ll __ love __ somebody without meeting them face-to -face? g 1 66 >)) Listen. What happens when Ben and Lily meet? 5 WRITING > p.l13 Writing An informal email. Write an email about travel arrangements. G defining relative clauses V expressions fo r paraphrasing: like, for example, etc. P pronunciation in a dictionary What's a surgery? It's a place where you can What's the word? 1 LISTENING 3 VOCABULARY paraphrasing a a W hat do you us ua lly do if you're ta lki ng to sorneone in Englis h a nd you do n't know a wo rd that you need? D o you like play ing wo rd ga mes like Scra bble o r do ing crosswords? Look at the Scrabble Letters o n the page. H ow many words of four o r mo re lette rs ca n you ma ke in th ree minutes? b 2>)) Liste n to the int roduct io n to a T V ga me show, What's the word? H ow do you play the game? c a Look up the translatio n on your phone. b Try to mi me the word. c Try to ex plai n what you mean u ing ot her words you know. b example kind like opposit e similar somebody something somewhere ow listen to t he show. Write down the six word 2 3 >)) U seful e x pre ss io n s for e x pla ining a word tha t you don't know: I 2 - -- -3 _ _ __ I It's I a person who works in a hospital. 2 It's I a thi ng which we use for everything nowadays. fa place where people go when they wa nt to 3 It's buy something. 4 It's a of gadget. of dark. 5 It's the 6 It's ____ light, but you u e it to desc ribe ha ir. to intelligent. 7 It 's 8 For , you do this to the TV. 4 ----- 5 _ _ __ 6 d 4>)) Liste n a nd check your a n swe rs. 2 GRAMMAR defining relative clauses a Look at th ree entences fro m What 's the word? a nd com plete the m w it h who, which, or where. It's somethi ng peo ple use to speak to another person. people go when they 2 It's a place wa nt to go sho pping. 3 It's somebody works in a hospital. b Read sentences 1-3 aga in . W hen do we use who, which, and where? c )o- p.130 Grammar Bank 3C. Learn mo re about de fin ing relati ve cl auses a nd pract ise them . 2 6 >)) Com plete the usefu l expressio ns wit h these words. T hen listen a nd check. c Com plete the definition for the e words. I 2 3 4 5 6 a DJ It' omebody... an art galle r y It's somewhere ... a came ra It's somethi ng... a lift It's a kind of... s unbathe For exa mple, you do th is ... c urly It's the opposite ... A I 4 SPEAKING )o- Communication What's t he word? A p.lOl B p.lOZ Play a ga me a nd define wo rds fo r your pa rtne r to guess. 5 READING a Read the ar ticle. Ho w m a ny ways does it m entio n o f creati ng new words? W hat are they? b Loo k at the hig hlig hted new words. W hat do you thin k they mea n? Match t he m to the def initio ns be lo w. 2 3 4 5 6 _ _ _ n a young m an who is goi ng o ut with a much older woman _ _ _ v to send a message using a mo bile pho ne _ _ __ n a person who works in a coffee bar _ _ _ n feeli ng a ng ry because of the traffic o r a nother perso n's d riving n coffee with hot m ilk n a pub where yo u can also have ver y good food c Can you ex pla in the mea n in g of these o the r wo rds fro m t he text . emoticon to t weet iPod to google Wi-fi ringtone smartphone 6 PRONUNCIATION pronunciation in a dictionary a Loo k at two dict io nar y extracts. W hat do t he abbrevia tio ns m ea n? search \3:tf v look carefully because you are trying to find sb or sth busy l'b17i adj occupe I v 2 ad) 3 sb 4 sth b Look at t he pho netic t ransc r iption s in a . How do you pro no unce the words? p Checking pronunciation in a dictionary This symbol (•) shows stress. The stressed syllable is t he one after the symbol. The Sound Bank on p.166 can help you t o check the pronunciation of new words. c 2 7> )) Look care fully at the pro nuncia ti o n o f the words below. Practise saying them correctly. Listen a nd check. Do yo u know what they m ean? YouTube /'jutj u:b/ 2 keyboard /'k i:b::>:d/ 3 zoo m /zu:m/ 4 gadget 1'gaxl31t/ 5 message /'mes1d;)/ 6 hacker /'hreb/ 900 new veryone knows the English language is changing. Every three months, the OED (Oxford English Dictionary) publishes updat es t o it s online dictionary. One recent update contained 900 new words, new expressions, or new meanings for existing words. But where do they all come from? E New words are created in many different ways. We can make a new word by combining two words, like gastropub (gastronomy+ pub) or emoticon (emotion + icon). Sometimes we put two words together in a new way, for example road rage or toy boy. We also find that nouns can change into verbs. Take the word text. Text was always a noun (from about 1369, according to the OED), but it is now very common as a verb, to text somebody. Other new words already existed but with a different meaning. For example, tweet was the noise that a bird makes, but now we use it more often (as a verb or a noun) for a message that people put on the social networking site Twitter. Another way in which we make new words is by 'adopting' words from foreign languages, like barista or latte (imported from Italian when coffee bars became really popular in the UK in the 1990s). A lot of new words come from the names of brands or companies, for example we play music on an iPod and we google information. We also need more general words to describe new technology or new gadgets: Wi-fi, ringtone, and smartphone are some recent examples. The invention of new words is not a new phenomenon. The word brunch (breakfast + lunch) first appeared in 1896, newspaper (news+ paper) in 1667, and English speakers started to use th e word cafe (from French) in the late 19th century. The difference now is how quickly new words and expressions enter the language and how quickly we start to use and understand them. Restaurant problems [I IN THE NEW YORK OFFICE 2 VOCABULARY restaurants Do the restaura nt quiz w ith a partner. REST~U AI\.JT (JUIZ What do you call...? 1 t he book or list which tells you what food there is 2 the three parts of a meal 3 the person who serves you 4 the piece of paper with the price of the meal 5 ext ra money you leave if you are happy with your meal or with the service What do you say...? 1 if you want a table for four people 2 when the waiter asks you what you want 3 when you are ready to pay ~ a a 2 8>)) Watch or listen . Mark the sentences T (true) o r F (false). 1 The ew York office is smaller than the London office. 2 Barbara is the designer of the magazine. 3 Rob has never been to ew York before. 4 Barbara is going to have lunch with Ro b and Jenny. 5 Holly is going to work with Rob. Holly wants to go to t he restaurant because she's hungry. Watch or liste n again . Say w hy the F sentences are false. AT THE RESTAURANT ~9 >)) Cover the dia logue a nd watch o r li ten. Answer the questions. 1 What do they order? 2 What problems do they have? b Watch o r listen again . Complete t he You H ear phra e . >)) You Hear You Say Are you ready t o [) HOLLY AND ROB MAKE FRIENDS 0 ? Yes, please. Can I get you something No, thank you. I'd like the to with? tuna with a green salad. And for you, sir? I'll have the steak, please. Would you like that with fries or a baked ? Fries, please. How would you like your steak? Rare, , or Well done. well done? Nothing for me. OK. And to ? Water, please. _ _ _ or sparkling? Sparkling. The tuna for you ma'am, and I'm sorry, but I asked for a the steak for you, _ __ . green salad, not f ries. No problem. I'll a 2 11 >)) Watch o r lis ten to Rob, Holly, a nd Je nny. D o they e njoy the lunch ? b Watch or lis te n again a nd a nswer the questions. it. Excuse me. Yes, sir? Sorry, I asked for my steak well done and this is rare. 1 What's Rob goi ng to write about? 2 How does Holly offer to help hi m with interviews? 3 W hat does he say they could do one evening? 4 W hat's the problem with the check? 5 W hy docs Jenny say it's ti me to go? 6 Do you th ink Jenny wanted Holly to come to lunch? I'm really sorry. I'll it back to the kitchen. 0 British and American English (French) fries = American English chips = Brit ish English 0 10>)) Watch or listen and repeat the You Say c phrases. Copy the rhj:thm. d Practise the dia logue w ith a partner. e - c In pa irs, ro leplay the dia logue . A You are in the restaura nt. Order a steak or t una. B You are the waiterfwa itress. Offer A fries, a baked potato, or salad w ith the stea k or tuna. You begin with Are you ready to order? A T here i a problem w ith your order. Ex pl ain it to the waiter/waitress. B Apologize, and try to solve the problem. British and American English check = American English bill = British English Look at the Social E n glish p hrases. Can you re rne mbe r a ny of the m issing wo rd s? Social English phrases Holly t ell me, Rob .. . Rob Well, to with .. . Rob Do you have any ? Rob That would great. Jenny we have the check (bill), please? Jenny Excuse me, I think there's a _ _ _, Jenny OK, to go. f Swap roles. d e 2 12>)) Watch or listen a nd com plete t he phrases. Watch o r listen aga in and re peat t he phrases. How do you say them in your language? • Canyou ...? D order food in a restaurant D explain when there is a problem with your food, the bill, etc. [ ' ask what somebody is going to do today G present perfect + yet, just, already V housework, make or do? P /j/ and /dy Yes, I've just done it. 1 READING 2 VOCABULARY housework, make or do? a Look at the de finition of t eetw[Jer. How do you pronounce it? Do you have a similar word in your la nguage ro describe a person of that age? a Look aga in at the highlighted phrases fro m the text. Which three are connected w ith housework? teenager a person who is between 13 a nd 19 years old b b Read the article about sorne annoying habits. Write P if you think the sentence is a parent talking about teenage rs, or T if you th ink it i a teenager talking about his f her pare nts . present perfect +yet, just, already Follow Simon Fry They come into my room n and then are surprised to see things they don't really want to know about. Rachel Black They when I'm telling them something really 1mportant and they say "Yeah. yeah I heard you~. Of course t ey didn't c C ompare with a partner. Do you agree? d Look at the highlighted ve rbs and verb phra es. With a partner, say what you think they mean . e p.l54 Vocabulary Bank Housework, make or do? 3 GRAMMAR a Teenagers have annoying habits but so do their parents! ~ Do any of the pare nts' o r teenagers' hab its annoy you? Which o nes? 2 15>)) Look at the pictures. W hat do you think the peo ple a re arguing about? Listen and check. CQ b Listen again and com plete the dia logue with a past participle from the list. 4 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING /j/ and ld3f a 2 19 l)) Listen a nd repeat the picture words and sounds. cleaned done dried finished looked seeA 1 A Have you seen my yellow jumper? I can't find it. _ _ _ in your B No, I haven't. Have you wardrobe? A Of course I have. What's that under your bed? B Oh, yes. I remember now. I borrowed it. 2 A B A B Why aren't you doing your homework? I've already it. Really? When? I did it on the bus this evening. 3 A B A B A Have you - - _ yet? Nearly. I need the bathroom now. _ _ my hair yet. But I haven't Well, hurry up then. 4 A Can you get a plate for that sandwich? I've just t he floor. B OK. Oops- too late. Sorry! ·•· yacht b c d )>-Communication Has he done it yet? p.lOl. e a 0 l)) It hasn't rained. haven't finished. <;;;!'s rained. r_ _ 2 22 l)) Li ten to the firs t part of a radio programme about tee nage carers. Answer the questions. I What reputation do teenagers have? 2 What do thousands o f teenagers have to do? 3 How many hours do they have to help a week? b 2 23 l)) ow Iis te n to the rest of the programme. In what way a re the two tee nage rs unus ua l? Do they feel positive o r negative about their Lives? c Liste n again a nd answer w ith A (Alice), D (Da niel), or B (both of the m). e )>- p.l32 Grammar Bank 4A. Learn mo re about the present perfect and practise it. l)) I've f inished. 2 21 l)) Lis ten. Say what's just ha ppe ned. 5 LISTENING d Underline the sentences with just, yet, and already in d ia logues 2- 4. What do you thin k 2 18l)) Li te n and ma ke the 1±1 sentences negative a nd t he El sentences positive. Practise say ing these sentences. I've just bought Jane a jumper and a jacket. Have you worn your new uniform yet? a a specific time in the past b a non-specific ti me (i.e. sometime between the past and now) f 2 20 l)) Put the words in the ri ght column . Li te n a nd check. T hen listen a nd repeat t he words. just yet Jumper yellow change teenager new uniform year student enjoy beautiful jacket young bridge argue c Look at the first two questio ns in dia logue 1. Are they abo ut. .. ? they mean? Jazz Who ...? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 looks after their mother looks after their brother and sister does a lot of housework can't cook doesn't live with their father gives their mother a massage is sometimes angry with their friends never goes out without their phone d Do you know any teenage rs like Alice and Da niel? What do they do? G present perfect or past simple? (1) V shopping P cand ch c 1 READING a W ith a partner, w ri te down th e names of three fas hio n desig ners. W hat nationality are they? Do they desig n m o re fo r men o r fo r wo me n? What kind o f thi ngs does their compa ny ma ke? b Read the introductio n to an inter view and look at t he pho tos. Do you like the clo thes? Read the inter view. Complete the ga ps with A- F. A I absolutely hated dressing as a man. B I really understand how women wa nt to feel. C My boyfriend at that time was very lucky. D My feet were killing me! E The only things I enjoyed there were art and sewing. F They are so chic, and their sense of colour is so natural to them. d Look at the highlig hted wo rds and ph rases related to fas hio n and sho pping, a nd g uess their m ean ing. LINDKA CIERACH is a fashion designer. She makes very exclusive clothes for women. She has made clothes for many celebrities including members of the British royal family, for example Kate Middleton and Sarah Ferguson, whose wedding dress she designed, and actresses like Helen Mirren. DID YOU ALWAYS WANT TO BE A DESIGNER? . ot at a ll! \\' hen I was at school I had pro blems reading, and later I was cliag no ed as d y Iex ie. 1_ _ A fter school I did a . ccrctaria l cou r c and then I got a job at Vogue magaz ine. I loved it, a nd there I realized that what J wanted to do was desig n clothes. WHY DO YOU THINK PEOPLE LIKE YOUR CLOTHES? Being a fema le desig ner ha s many a dva ntages. 2_ _ 1\ ly cuswmcTs lca\"C the studio feeling a m illion dolla rs! WHAT NATIONALITY DO YOU THINK HAS THE BEST FASHION SENSE? Probably the Ita lian s. 3 HAVE YOU EVER BEEN TO A FANCY DRESS PARTY? I hate fancy dress pa nics. But I can remember one, when I was Le n. WHAT DID YOU GO AS? :\ Iy mot her made me a nd my younger istcr eire . a s a bride a nd bridegroom l was the bridegroom! 4 _ _ HAVE YOU EVER MET SOMEONE WHO WAS WEARING EXACTLY THE SAME AS YOU? HAVE YOU EVER FALLEN OVER BECAUSE YOU WERE WEARING VERY HIGH HEELS? . ever, tha nk goodnc s! I'm lucky because I ca n choose from a la rge selection of our Collection each sea. on ! I've nc\·cr fa llen ove r, but once I had to take off my shoes in the middle of a reception a t the House or Lorcl ! 5_ _ WHAT DID YOU DO? I walked out into the street in hare fi:et and j umped into a taxi! HAVE YOU EVER DESIGNED CLOTHES FOR A MAN? Yes, I have . WHEN WAS IT? It was when I was studying at the London College of Fa hion. I desig ned my fir 1 :\ len· 'N ca r collection - shins, trou crs a nd kat her j acket. . 6_ _ He didn't need tO buy any clo the tha t yea r! .-- - - - -- - - --, Glossary bride I bridegroom a woman I rn a n on t he day o f her I his wedd ing The House of Lords the second house of the British Parlia ment 2 GRAMMAR 5 PRONUNCIATION c and ch present perfect or past simple? a How is c prono unced in these word s? Put them in the right row. a Look at t he last four questions in the inter view. Answer with a partner. account auct ion cinema city click clothes credit card customer proceed receipt shopping centre Which questions are about ex periences sometime in Lindka's life? 2 Which questions a re about a pecific moment in Lindka's past? 3 What does ever mean in the questions that begin Have you ever... ? b )o- p.l32 Grammar Bank 4B. Learn more about the present perfect a nd past simple a nd prac tise them . 2 26>)) Listen to four people answering the question Have y ou ever botJBhtsomethinB that you've neveriVom? What did they buy? Write 1- 4 in the boxes. (There is one item you don't need.) D a coat 0 D ome trousers 0 some sports clothes 0 a s kirt a hi rt b Listen again. What was the problem with the clothes? Write 1-4 in the boxes. 0 D D 2 31>)) How is dt u ua lly pronounced? Liste n and ~ the two words where ch is pronounced differently. How is it pronounced in these word ? changing rooms cheap checkout chemist 's chic choose d Practise saying the wo rds in a and c. 6 SPEAKING a Complete the questions with the past pa r tici ple o f the verb. Have you ever _ _ (buy) or (sell) anything on eBay? What? Did you pay o r get a good price? bought something online. but d idn't li ke the clothes when they ar rived. 2 Have you ever _ _ (buy) something on.l ine and had a problem with it? W hat was it? What did you do? bought the clothes too quick ly and later didn't like them . wanted to look I ike a famo us singer, bur looked I ike another. 3 Have you ever __ (have) an a rgument with a shop assistant? What was it about? suddenly didn't need the new clothes any more. 4 Have you ever _ _ (try) to change something withom the receipt? Were you successful ? 5 Have you ever accidenta lly _ _ (take) someth ing from a shop without paying? What did you take? W hat happened? 4 VOCABULARY shopping 6 Have you ever _ _ (buy) shoes without trying them on? D id they fit? 2 27>)) Listen to some sentences from the liste nin g. Complete the gaps w ith one wo rd. With a partner, say what the highli ghted phrases mean. 7 Have you ever _ _ (Bet) to the s upermarket checkout and then found you didn't have enough money? Wh at d id you do? I I remember when I was in the 2 3 4 5 room I thought they looked fantastic. I it on cBay. things on . I hate clothes s hopping and I never I didn't have the receipt, so I couldn't it back. from a website that has cheap Well, I bought it offers. b )o- p.lSS Vocabulary Bank Shopping. -. nake c c Have you ever bought something that you've never worn ? What was it? a ~ 2 30>)) Listen and check. W hen is c pronounced /~/? This person ... D key b 3 LISTENING a 'r 8 Have you ever _ _ (lose) your credit card? Where did you lose it? Did you get it back? b As k o the r student questio n 1. Try to find somebody who says Yes, I have. Then as k them the past simple questio ns . D o the same for ques tions 2-8. G something, anything, nothing, etc. V adjectives e nding -ed a nd -ing P /e/, /'dO/, and /tJ 1 LISTENING a Did you do anything at t he weekend? No, nothing. 1 didn't do anything. 3 PRONUNCIATION lei, !'dol, and !tJ 2 32>)) Li ten to a news story about Sve n . How did he s pend his wee ke nd? b Lis te n again a nd a nswer the questions. 1 What does Sven do? 2 What fl oor was his office on? 3 What happened when he first pressed the li ft butto n? 4 How did he try to get help? 5 W here did Sven's w ife thi nk he was? 6 How did Sven get out o f the li ft on Monday mornin g? How d id he feel? 7 W hat is Sven going to do every day now? phone egg a up W hat sound do the pink letters make? Write a , b , or c . I D obody knows whe re he goes. 2 [l Somebody's coming to lunch. 3 ~ I never said anything. 5 D I've done noth ing since Sunday. D Don't tell a nybody about the message. 6 D 4 There's nowhere to go except home. b 2 35>)) Liste n and check. Practise saying the sente nces. c 2 36>)) Liste n a nd a nswer t he questio ns. >)) What did you buy? 0 othing I didn't buy anything c H ave you (or has anyone you know) ever had a imi lar experience? What happened? 2 GRAMMAR 4 READING a a People in the UK have boring weekends. b People who use Facebook have more exciting weekends. c People sometimes don't tell the truth about their weekend. something, any thing, nothing, etc. a 2 33>)) Look at three sentences fro m the story. C an you reme m be r the m issing words? Listen and check. Read the art icle once. Wh at is the best sum ma ry? b Read the a rticle aga in . W it h a pa rtne r, choose a, b, or c. 1pressed rhe burton aga in, bur _ __ happened. 2 The police couldn't find him ___. 3 T hey pho ned the emergency number and ___ came and repa ired the lift. The survey has s hown that 25% o f people ... a have very exciting weekends. b lie about their weekend . c go out on a Satu rday night. 2 30% of the peo ple they interviewed ... a needed to go to work at the weekend . b had a very tiring week. c didn't want to go out at the weekend . 3 Some people don't tell the truth about their weekend because . .. a their real weekend is very boring. b they don't wa nt to make their friends jealous. c they forget what they have done. 4 Social netwo rking sites make people ... a s pend more time on the computer. b try to make their lives seem more exciting. c be more truthful about their lives. b Complete t he ru le w it h p eople , places, o r things . I Use something, anythin[J, and nothing for ___. 2 Use somebody, anybody, and nobody for ___. 3 Use somewhere, arly1vltere, and noiV!tere fo r ___. c )o-- p.l32 Grammar Bank 4C. Learn more about som.ethin[J, any thin[J, nothin[J, etc. a nd practise them . c Do you think a survey in your country would have similar results? 5 SPEAKING WHAT DID YOU 13#!1-fi DO AT THE WEEKEND? The next time a friend or colleague tells you about their fantastic weekend, wait a moment before you start feeling jealous - maybe they are inventing it all! a Look at the questions in b . Pla n your answers. Answer them truthfully, but in vent one answ er tO ma ke your weekend sound more exciting. b Inter view each other with tbe questions. T ry to guess wh ich answe r yo ur partner invented. LAST WEEKEND Friday • Did you go anywhere exciting on Friday night? Saturday • Did you do anything in the house (cleaning, etc.) on Saturday morning? • Did you work or study at all? • What did you do on Saturday night? Sunday • Did you go anywhere nice on Sunday? • What did you have for lunch? • Did you do anything relaxing in the afternoon? 6 VOCABULARY adject ives ending -ed and -ing a Look at these two adjectives in the text: tired in line 13 a nd tirin[J in li ne 19. Which one descr ibes how you feel? W hich one describe th in gs and situatio ns? b 2 37>)) ~ the right adjective in questio ns 1.- 10. Listen and check. How do you ay the adjectives? I Do you thi nk Sundays are usually bored I bori118? 2 Are you bored I borirtB with your job or studies? 3 W hat kind o f weather makes you feel depressed I depress inB? 4 W hy do yo u think the news is often depressed I depressi11B? 5 W hat activity do you find most relaxed I relaxin[J? 6 Do you usually feel relaxed I relax ina at the end of the weekend? Why (not)? 7 W hat is the most interested I interestinB book you've read recently? 8 What sports are you i11terested I interestinB in? 9 Are you excited I excitinB about your next holiday? 10 What's the most excited I excitin[J sports match you've ever wa tched? survey of 5,000 adults in the UK has shown that one person in four invents details about their weekend because they want to impress their friends. When they are asked, 'Did you have a good weekend?' they don't like to s say that they just stayed at home and watched TV, because it sounds boring. So they invent the details. The most common lie that people told was 'I went out on Saturday night', when really they didn't go anywhere. Other common lies were 'I had a romantic meal', 'I went to a party', and 'I went away for the 10 weekend'. A In fact. in the survey, 30% of people who answered the questions said that they spent their weekend sleeping or resting because they were so tired at the end of the week. Another 30% said that they needed to work or study at Io the weekend. Psychologist Corinne Sweet says that people often don't tell the truth about their weekend 'because we don't want to feel that everyone else is having a better time than us, if we have had a boring weekend doing housework, paperwork, or just resting after a tiring week at work'. She also lO believes that networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter may be encouraging us to invent details about our social lives. 'People can create an illusion of who they want to be and the life they want to live,' says Corinne, 'and of course they want that life to seem exciting.' c 7 Ask and an swer t he questio ns with a partner. G ive more information if you ca n. 2.138>)) SONG If You Love Somebody Set Them Free ~ GRAMMAR b Complete wi th make or do. Q a , b,or c. 2 3 4 5 I How lo ng ___ to stay in Italy? 2 3 4 I 5 I 6 7 8 9 a doyou go b areyou going c you aregoing l rh ink ___ raintonight. a it's goi ng b it goes to c it's going to T hey _ __ to get married until next year. a aren't going b don't go c not goi ng I ___ to the cinema after class this evening. a go b am going c going go A What titne tomo rrow? B At 8.00. a you leave b do you leaving c are you leaving lives nex t door to Alice. He's the man a who b which c w here Is that the shop ___ sells Italian food? a w ho b wh ich c where A ___ your bed? B No, I'm going to do it now. a Have you made b H ave you make c Has you made A HasA nnearrived ? B No, but she's on her way. a yet b just c already 10 _ __ already seen this film ! Let's change channels. a We're b We haven't c We've 11 A ___ been to Africa? B No, never. a Have you ever b Did you ever c Were you ever 12 A When those shoes? B Last week. a do you buy b have you bought c d id you buy 13 I've never thi s coat. It's too sm a ll. a wear b worn c wore 14 There's ___ at the door. Can you go and o pen it please? a someth ing b someone c somew here I 5 I do n't want ___ to eat, thanks. I'm not hun gry. a nothing b anything c something c ___ the washing-up amistake an exam exercise a noise Complete the missing words . 1 Dinner's ready. Please co uld you 1___ the table. 2 I'll cook if you do the w ___ -up. 3 Where are the cha nging rooms? I wa nt to tr_ __ o _ __ this sweater. 4 1f you want to take something back to a shop, you need to have the r ___. 5 These shoes do n't f___ me. They're too sma ll . 6 T he flight to Berlin is now leaving fro m G ___ 12. 7 If you have a lo t ofluggage, you can find a tr _ __ over there. 8 First you need to go to the ch ___-i___ desk where you get your boardi ng pass. 9 Intern ati onal fl ights depart fro m T _ __ 2. 10 There are I_ _ _ to the first and second floors. d Q the righ t adjective. I This exercise is really bored I borin[J. 2 I never feel relaxed I relaxiii(J the day before I go o n holiday. 3 It was a ve ry excited I excitinB match. 4 Jack is a bit depressed I depressinB. He lost his job. 5 Are you interested I interestinB in an? PRONUNCIATION a Q 1 2 the word w ith a different sou nd . rn ~ just M o nday so mething tro lley nowhere clothes wo rry go VOCABULARY 3 ~ search chem ist cheap choose a Complete w ith a prepositio n . 4 ~ cusron1er centre cinema nice 1 We arrived _ _ _ Prague at 7. 15. 2 I' m corn ing! Wait ___ m e. 3 What did you ask ___, meat or fish? 5 jacket chan ge enjoy vet 4 A Are you going to buy the flat? B I don't know. lt depends _ _ _ the price. 5 How much did you pay ___ those shoes? ·~ b U nderline the stressed syllable. 1 A rr i vals 2 o pposite 3 tee na ger 4 deli ve ry 5 a rra ngc menr CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT? a Read t be a rticle. What were thieves s tealing in a) Sweden b) Denmark? Answer the questio ns below. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 W here did the first robbery take place? W ho were th e thieves and w hat d id they steal? W ho helped the po lice to solve the crime? How lo ng does it take to get fro m Malmo to Copen hagen? Why were ro bberies taking place in bo th cities? Did the po lice catch the thieves? Why is it easier to stea l fro m many sto res these days? Why is it not a so lution to a k D an i h hoes sho p to display the left shoe? b Look at the h ighl ighted words o r phrases in the text. G uess their m eanin g fro m the co ntext . C heck w ith your teacher o r w ith a dictio na ry. Shoe shops discover matching crimes wedish fictional detectives like Wa llander and Li ·beth Salander a rc famou · wo rldwide. But recently real-life Swedi h police were completely pu11 lcd by a mysterio us crime. Somebod y was tcaling ex pensive designer shoes from shoe shops in Sweden- but not pa irs of shoes, only the left shoes, the o nes which were o n display. The fi rst robber) took place in a shopping ma ll in Malmo, Sweden's th ird-large t city. Staff at a hoe sho p saw two men stealing at their bo utique. T hey escaped with e1·en left shoes which- if paired with the right hoes - we re worth £900. In the end it was sho p assista nts who pointed th e po lice in the right directio n- to Denma rk, where sho p · traditio nall y d isplay the right shoe in the ir sho p windo w·. "We noticed that left shoes we re disappea rin g in the past, but we neve r caught the thie1es," said a sho p assistant. " ince we know that Da nish sto res display the right shoes, we thought that the match ing shoes we re probably disappea ri ng as we ll in stores in Denma rk ." Ma lmo, ho me to 125 shoe sho ps, is o n ly a 30-minute tra in ri de away from Copenhagen, wh ich ha sneral hundred ho ps, and ma ny bra nds a re so ld in bo th cities. Yesterday police finally a nno unced that they had arrested the men respo nsible for the ro bberies. But Ms j ohansso n, i a s,,·edish shoe sho p owner, fears th at hoe sho p ro bberies "'~ will increase this year. "Shoes are attractive to steal- th ey ~ are easy to move a nd easy to sell a nd they have beco me very c ~ ex pensive lately. Also many stores have cut the number of ~ shop assistants they employ." g Police in Ma lmo have th ought of asking Da nish hoe sho ps ~ to also display the le ft shoe. But this won't work. All the thieve will have to do is move to Germa ny - where they ~ also display the right shoe... S [] CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE? 2 39 >)) In the s tree t Watch or liste n to five peo ple a nd a nswer the questio n . Paul Gurjot Alise Anya 2 3 4 5 a to get a plane to Londo n b to ge t a plane to Fran kfurt c to meet a fr iend from Frankfurt To night Gurjot i ___ . a seeing a film b going to a C hinese res tau rant c meeti ng an o ld fr ie nd Ellie ___ iro ni ng. a hates b doe n't mi nd c likes T he hoes A iise bo ught o nli ne ___. a were th e w ro ng size b never arri ved c were a beauti ful colo ur Last weekend Anya ___ . a went to a fr iend's birthday party b had d inner with a friend c bo ught so methi ng for a friend's birthday CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH? Do the tasks w ith a partne r. T ick (./) t he box if you ca n d o them . Can you ... ? D ta lk about three plans you have fo r next mo nth using Boi11g to, and ma ke three pred ictio ns 2 D 3 D 4 D say three thi ngs you have already do ne o r haven't say th ree arrangements you have fo r tomo rrow using the pre ent co ntinuo us ex plain what the fo llowing three wo rds mea n, using expressions fo r paraphrasing: a a thief b asho ppi ng ma ll c a hoe do ne yet today 5 D 6 D .. i Ellie Pau I went to th e air po rt ___. ask a partner th ree questions abo ut h isfher experiences using ever. Answer yo ur partner 's questio n say three sentences using somethinB, anywhere, and nobody [ ] Short films Shopping in the UK Watch and enjoy a film on iTutor. G comparative adjectives and adverbs, as ... as V time expressions: spend time, etc. P sentence stress Are we living faster? 1 READING & VOCABULARY time expressions a Read a n article about li ving fas ter a nd m atch the head ings to the paragraph . [] No time for Snow White D No time to write D No time t o wait 1 [J More time on t he road D D No time for Van Gogh No time to stop b Read t he a rticle aga in. One pa ragraph contains an invented piece of information. W h ich one i it? c Look at t he hig hl ighted t ime expressions and g uess their m eaning. d In pairs, cover the text a nd look at tbe paragr ap h head ings in a. Ca n you remem ber t he info rmatio n in th e text? H ave you noticed a ny of t hese t hings happen ing where you live? e Look at a q ue t io nnai re abo ut living faster. ln pa irs, ask a nd a nswer the q uestions. Answe r w ith often, sometimes, or never and give mo re info r matio n . iving faster, ~____,......_,~~ut re iving better? 1 People in cities around the world walk 10% more quickly than they did twenty years ago. Singapore, a world business centre, is top of the list for fast walkers. 2 In the USA there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for children. These are shorter versions of traditional stories, especially written for busy parents who need to save time. QUESTIONNAIRE How fast is your Life? 3 Do people tell you that you talk too quickly? People aren't as patient as they were in the past. If the lift takes more than 15 seconds to arrive, people get very impatient because they think they're wasting time. It's exactly the same when an Internet page does not open immediately. 2 Do you get impatient when other people are talking? 4 3 Are you the first person to finish at mealtimes? Written communication on the internet is getting shorter and shorter and using more and more abbreviations, like BFN (bye for now) or NP (no problem). Twitter only allows you to use 140 characters, and now a new social networking site has a limit of just ten words. .4 When you are walking along a street, do you feel frustrated when you are behind people who are walking more slowly? 5 5 Do you get irritable if you sit for an hour without doing anything, e.g. waiting for the doctor? Even in our free time we do things in a hurry. Twenty years ago when people went to art galleries they spent ten seconds looking at each picture. Today they spend much less time - just three seconds! 6 Do you walk out of shops and restaurants if there is a queue? 6 Our cars are faster, but the traffic is worse, so we drive more slowly. The average speed of cars in New York City is 15 km/ h. We spend more time than ever sitting in our cars, feeling stressed because we aren't going to arrive on time. f )lo- Communication How fast is your life? p.lOl. R ead t he re ults. Do you agree? 2 GRAMMAR comparative adjectives and adverbs, as... as a Look at the following wo rds from the text. Are they adjective . adverbs, o r both? 4 SPEAKING a T hink about how your life ha changed over the last 3- 5 years. Read the questio ns below a nd think about your a nswers. Do you spend more or less time on these things? Say why. quickly fast busy patient bad slowly stressed b wo rking or studying getting t o work / school sitting in traffic tal king to friends meeting friends being online ~ the right fo rm . T ick (wf) if both a rc correct. l Life is fa ster l 111orejast than before. 2 Traffic in citie i 1110re bad I worse tha n it wa 3 Eve rybody is busyer I busiu than they were fi ve years ago. 4 We are more stressed I stresseder than our grandparents were. 5 We do everything more quickly !Jaster. 6 People aren't as patie11t as I as patient tha11 they were before. c 2 Do you have more o r less f ree time? Why? 3 What don't you have time for nowadays? What would you Like to have more time for? b Answer the questions with a partner. Who e li fe has changed mo re? > p.l34 Grammar Bank SA. Learn more about 5 LISTENING compa rati ve a nd as ... as and practi e them . a You're going to listen to a n ex pert talking about how to live your life mo re slowly. Look at her five ma in t ips(= good ideas). G ues what the missing wo rd s are. 3 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress p a sleeping cooking shopping eating using your phone using your compu t er Whatever you are doing, just try tO _ Exa mple: _ _ __ 2 Make alist o fthree things whichare The /;, sound Remember! -er, and unstressed words like a, as, and than have the sound ::> . __ and enjoy it. for you. Example: - - - - - - - - 3 Don't try to do _ ____ at the a rne time. Example: _ _ __ 4 Sir down a nd do ___ for half a n hour every day. 2 41>)) Li ten a nd repeat the sentences. Copy the !fu'.thm a nd try to get the ';;, sound right. busier than .! ear ago. life i'> more stressful r ha n in the ast. 3 1work harder than before. 4 1walk a nd talk faster. 5 I'm not ,,s relaxed .ts 1was a few years agQ. _ I'm Exa mple: - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - 5 Be near Exa mple: _ __ _ _ __ 2 M} b 2 42>)) Listen a nd check. T he n li ten again a nd w rite one example fo r each ti p. c Are there any tips tha t you think you might use? Why (no t)? b Are any o f the e m ences rrue for you? G superlatives(+ ever+ present perfect) V describing a tow n or city P word and sentence stress What did you think of Rio? It's the most beautiful cit y I've ever been to. 1 GRAMMAR superlatives (+ ever + present perfect) a M atch the photos a nd cit ies. W h ich Eu ropean countries a re t he cit ies in? W hat do you know about them ? Have you been to any of them? D Barcelona D Copenhagen D Dublin D Paris D Venice b R ead the a rticle a nd complete it w ith the citie in a . Travel survey gives its verdict on European cities ondon is the dirtiest city in Europe says a new survey by travel website TripAdvisor, but it has the best public parks and the best nightlife . According to the survey of almost 2,400 travellers ... L _ __ _ is the most romantic city. 2 _ _ _ _ is the cleanest city. 3 has the best-dressed people. 4 _ _ _ _ has the best architecture. 5 _ _ _ _ is the friendliest city. c ' Europe's big cities all have their highs and lows, but they offer travellers a huge variety of culture and sights within very short distances, ' said a Tri pAdvisor spokesman. Look at l- 5 in t he sur vey in b . T h ink about your country or continent. W hich cities wou ld you c hoose? d Look at the b o ld superlat ive adject ives in the survey. How do you make the s uperlative of. . .? 1 a one-syllable adjective 2 a two-syllable adjective that end s in -y e 3 a th ree-syllable adjective 4 BOOd and bad > p.l34 Grammar Bank 58. Learn more about superlatives and practise them. 2 PRONUNCIATION word and sentence stress a U nde rl ine the stressed syllable in t he b o ld adjectives. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 b W hat's the most b eau t iful city you've ever been to? Wha t's the most expen sive th ing you've ever bought? W ho's the most impa tie nt person you know? Who's the most gen e ro us person in your fam ily? W hat's the most fr igh t ening film you've ever seen ? W hat's t he most exciting sport you've ever done? W hat's the most interest in g book you've read recently? W hat's the most romantic restaura nt you've ever been to? 2 44>)) Listen a nd check. Listen agai n and repeat the quest ions. Copy the W hich wo rd s a re stressed ? ~th m . c Work with a pa rtner. A answer question I wit h a sentence. B ask for more information. Swap roles fo r questio n 2 , etc. The most beautiful city I've ever been to is Rio de Janeir~ 0hen did you go there? 3 READING & SPEAKING 4 LISTENING a Read the art icle. In pa irs, a nswer the q ues tio ns. a 2 45>)) o w listen to T im M oore ta lking abo ut w hat hap pe ned in Lo ndo n. H ow well does Lo nd o n do in each test? b Li ten aga in a nd a n wer tb e q ue ti o ns. I W hat are the three rests? 2 Do you th ink they a re good o nes? 3 \! hich city do yo u think will be the friend liest J mo t unfriendly? The photo test I W ho d id he a k first? 2 W hat did t he person say? 3 W ho did he ask next? What happened? All capital cities are unfriendly The shopping test -t Where wa the tourist sho p? 5 How much d id the bu and key r ing cost? 6 How much did he give the man? 7 Did he get the r ight change? or are they? The accident test 8 W here d id he do the accident test? 9 Did a nyone help him ? 10 What d id the man say? B ig cities often haYe a reputatio n fo r being rude, un fr iend ly places for tourists. Sunday Times journalist Tim Moore went to four cities, London, Rome, Paris, and . em rork, to find out if this is true. He went d ressed as a foreign tourist and d id three (not very scientific!) tests to see which city had the friendliest and most polite inhabitants. The three tests were: c T hink abo ut th e n ea rest big city to w he re yo u live. Imag ine yo u did t he t h ree tes ts there . What do yo u thi n k wo uld happen? Is it a fr ie ndly c ity? 5 VOCABULARY describing a town or cit y a T hin k about ho w to a nswer these questio ns about w here you live. Compar e with a partner. • Do you live in a village, a town, or a city? 1 The photo test • Where is it? Tim asked people in the str eet t o take his phot o (not just one photo, bu t several - wit h his hat, wit hout his hat, et c.). Did he f ind someon e t o do it ? • How big is it? • What's the popu lation? • What's it like? 2 The shopping test Tim bo ught so mething in a shop and gave the shop assistant t oo much money. Did the shop assistant give back the extra money? 3 The accident test b p.l56 Vocabulary Bank Describing a town or city. 6 WRITING ~ p.l14 Writ ing Describing where you live. Write a descri ptio n o f the place where yo u Live. Ti m pretended t o fa ll over in th e stre et . Did anybody com e and help him? 7 b )o- Communication The friendliest city A p.l 02 B p.l07 C p.llO. Read abo ut w hat happe ned in ew Yo rk, Pa r i , and Ro m e. ~ 2 49>)) SONG Nobody Does It Better I' G quantifiers, too, not enough V health and the body P /AI, /u:!, /a1/, and lei I watch too much TV. 1 SPEAKING 2 READING & LISTENING a a With a partner, answer the questions below. DIET & LIFESTYLE QUESTIONNAIRE 1 Do you drink coffee? How many cups do you drink a day? What kind of coffee? What time do you drink your last cup of the day? 2 How much time do you spend a day in the sun ...? a in the winter b in the summer c when you're on holiday Do you always wear sunscreen? 3 4 5 Do you play a lot of video or computer games? What are your favourite games? How much time do you spend a week playing them? How often do you eat chocolate? What kind of chocolate do you prefer- milk, white, or dark? How many hours a day do you watch TV ... ? a during the week b at weekends What kind of programmes do you watch regularly? b Do you think any of your habits are unhea lthy? Read the a rt icle once. Does it chan ge w hat you think about your a nswers to the questionnaire? b Read the article again. Look at the highlighted words related to health a nd the body. Match them to a picture or definition. [] 2 3 4 noHn it covers the outside of a person's body 5 verb to stop sth from happe ning 6 IIOLIII sth which ma kes you unwell 7 adj feeling worried or ner vous Everything BAD is M•I•l•l for you COFFEE We all know that a cup of coffee helps to wake you up in the morning, but several studies show that drinking coffee helps to prevent some illnesses like diabetes and Parkinson's disease. Expert s say that you can safely drink three cups of espresso during the day, bur if you drink too much coffee it can make you feel anxious or keep you awake at night. SUNLIGHT Spending a long time in the sun is dangerous and can give you skm cancer. But on the other hand, not spending enough time in the sun is also bad for you, as sunlight helps us to produce vitamin D. This vitamin is important for strong bones and a healthy immune system, and it also makes people feel happier. Nowadays many people don't get enough sunlight because they wear sunscreen all the time, especially on their faces. However, don't spend too long in the sun- 15 minutes a day without sunscreen is a healthy amount, and not at midday. COMPUTER GAMES You probably worry about how much time you or your children waste playing computer games. But in fact some studies show that these games can help us learn important skills. It seems that computer games stimulate the brain and that people who often play them are probably better at solving problems and making quick decisions. But don't spend too many hours in front of the computer- not more than about two hours a day. c d 2 SOl)) Listen and check. Practise say ing the word s. 1 ow cover the text. Ca n you remember ... ? what is good about coffee, s unlight, and computer ga mes 2 what you need to be careful abo ut e 4 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING IAI, /u:/, /a1/, and /c/ a 2 Sl l)) With a partner, decide in w hat ways you think chocolate a nd watchin g TV could be good for you. Listen to a radio programme a nd check your a nswers. Cross our the word with a diffe re nt pronunciatio n . [[)] up eno ugh s:J boot few bike qu ire d iet little egg many any hea lthy ~ f Listen aga in. Answe r the q uest io ns. I What docs chocolate have in commo n with red wine? 2 What kind of chocolate is a) good for yo u b) no t good fo r yo u? 3 How are TV series different fro m the o nes 20 yea rs ago? Why is this good for us? 4 W hat can we lea rn fro m reality TV shows? g Do the article a nd the rad io prog ra mme make you feel happier abo ut your Ii festyle? I l b c much cups no ne too busy food like water 2 54l)) Lis te n a nd check. Practi e ay ing th e words . As k and answer th e qu es tio ns w ith a pa rtner. Say why. l(. Do you think_ .... ..., No~ really. I only read school you read enou~ ~books, not for pleasure. 3 GRAMMAR quantifiers, too, not enough a Ca n you remember how to use 11wch, many, etc? In pairs, choo e the correct word o r phrase for each sentence. Say why the o ther one is w ro ng. I How much I many cups of coffee do you drink a day? 2 I don't pend much I many time in the sun . 3 I eat a lot of l ma11y chocolate. 4 Drinking aJew I a little red wine can be good fo r yo u. 5 I on ly have aJew I a little computer ga mes. 6 My parents read a lot I a lot of b Loo k at some sentences from the reading and listening. Match th e bold phrases in 1 and 2 to meanings A and B. I Don't eat too m uch chocolate or too m any sweets if you don't want tO put o n weight. Don~ s pendtoo lo ng inthesun . 2 owadays many people don 't ger enough sun light. We are not active e nough . A less than you need o r than is good fo r you B mo re than you need o r than is good fo r you 1 c Look agai n at the sentences with enouBh. W hat's the positio n of e11ou8h a) with a no un b) with an adjecti ve? d )>- p.l34 Grammar Bank SC. Learn more about qu antifiers, too, and not enouBh and practise them. Do you think you ...? • • • • • • • • • • • • read enough eat enough fruit and vegetables do enough sport or exercise drink enough water have enough free time eat too mu ch fast food spend too much time online spend too much money on things you don't need work o r s tudy too many hours have t oo many clothes do too much housework get The wrong shoes [] ROB HAS A PROBLEM 2 VOCABULARY shopping Do the qu iz wit h a part ner. s 'Z 1 What four letters do you often see in clothes which tell you the size? 2 What do t he letters mean? 3 What 's the name of the room where you can try on clothes? 4 What's the name of the piece of paper a shop assistant gives you when you buy something? 5 How do you say these prices? £25.99 75p $45 15c €12.50 2 55 >)) Watch or listen a to Rob a nd Ho lly a nd a nswer [] TAKING SOMETHING BACK TO A SHOP the quest ion . I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 What reason does Rob give for why he isn't in shape? Why does he find it difficult ro eat less? How does he keep fit in London? Why doesn't he do the same in ew York? How does Jenny keep fit? Wbatdoe Hollythink aboutt hi? What does Holly suggest that Rob could do? W hat does Rob need to do first? British and American English sneakers = American English; t rainers = British English store= American English; shop= British English b 2 56 >)) Look at t he box o n making suggestio ns. Liste n and repeat the phrases. 0 Making suggestions with Why don't you... ? A Why don't you get a bike? B That's a good idea, but I'm only here for a month. A Why don't you come and play basketball? B That's a great idea! c - Practi e ma kin g uggestio ns with a partne r. A You have prob lems remernbering Engli sh vocabu lary. Tell B. B Make two suggestio ns. A Respond. lf you do n't thi n k it's a good idea, say why. d Swap roles. B You a re a foreigner in A's country. You have problems meeting new people. a 2 57 >)) Cover the dialogue a nd watch o r listen. Answer the que t io ns. What's the problem with Rob's trai ners? 2 What does he do in the end? b Watch o r li ten agai n. Complete the You H ear phra es. >)) You Hear You Say Can I help you, sir? ROB DECIDES TO DO SOME EXERCISE 0 Yes. Do you have these in an eight? , I'll go and check. Just a Here you are, these are an eight. Do you want to them on? They're $83.94. Yes, but there's an added sales tax of _ _ %. No, thanks. I'm sure they'll be fine. How much are they? Oh, it says $72.99. Oh, OK. Do you take MasterCard? Sure. Can I help you? Yes, I remember. Is there a What Yes, I bought these about half an hour ago. ? Yes, I'm afraid they're too small. are they? They're an eight. But I t ake a UK eight. Oh right. Yes, a UK eight is a US nine. a 2 59 >)) W atch or li ten and e answer. the right I Rob went to Boston I Brooklyn. 2 He shows I doesn't show Jenny hi new Do you have a pair? trainer . I'll go and check. Just a minute. I'm , but we don't have these in a nine. But we do have these and price. Or you can they're the have a refund. 3 Jenny goe running every mominB I eveniHB in C entral Park. 4 She wants to go runnin g w ith h im at 6.4517.45. Erm ...l'll take this pair then, please. 5 Rob t hi nks it's too early I late. 6 They agree to meet at 6.45 17. 15. 7 H olly think Rob has I does11't have a lot of - - -- No problem. Do you have the ? Yes, here you are. energy. Brilliant. b L ook at the Soci al E nglish phrases. Can 0 you remember any of th e missing word s? Apair We often use a pair to talk about plural clot hes, e.g. a pair of shoes, Social English phrases Rob Have you a good day? Jenny Oh, you . Meetings! Jenny Why _ _ you come with me? Rob Can we it a bit later? Rob , seven forty-five? Jenny make it seven fifteen. trainers, boots, jeans, trousers, etc. c 2)58 >)) Watch o r li t en and repeat the You Say phrases. Copy the ffixthm . d Practise t he dialogue w ith a partner. e • I n pai rs, rolepl ay t he dialogue. A You're a custOmer. You bought some jean ye terd ay. T hey're too c 2 60>)) Watch or listen and compl ete the phra e . d Watch o r li st en again and repeat the phrases. H ow do you ay them in you r language? big. B You're a hop assi tant. You don't have the sa me jea n in A' ize. Offer A a di fferent pair or a refund. You begin w ith Can/ help you, sir I madam? f Swap role . B You're a customer. You bought some boot yesterday. They're too mall. A You're a shop assi tant. You don't have the a me boors i n B' i ze. Offer B a different pair or a refund. You begin w ith Ca n / help you, sir f madam? • Canyou ...? D D D make suggestions to do something take something you have bought back to t he shop arrange a t ime t o meet somebody G will I won't (predictions) V opposite verbs P 'II, won't I'm doing my driving test today. You'll fail. 1 VOCABULARY opposite verbs a W ith a pa rtner, write t he o ppos ites o f these ve rbs. win _ _ _ t urn on buy 3 PRONUNCIATION 'II, won't a 3 S l)) Listen a nd repeat t he cont rac tio ns. Copy t he rhy_thm. remember _ __ I'll You'll She'll It'll They'll start --=====~/:...=====:..__---- b )>-- p.157 Vocabulary Bank Opposite verbs. 2 GRAMMAR will I won't (predictions) a Look at the cartoon. b ·~· ·f:t c clock wa nt I wa nt to pa s. pho ne wo n't I won't pass. 3 7 l)) Lis te n a nd w ri te six sente nces. Look at the phrase bo ok app. Read the You S ay phra es, then w rite the A Pessimist Says res po nses. He won't pay you back. They'll be late. You won't pass. '!"e're having the party rn the garden. == ft!H--Faitr. They'll lose. You won't underst and a word. You won't find a parking space. You'll break your leg. c I'll be late for work. You'll break your leg. She'll miss t he t rain. It'll rain tomorrow. They'll fail the exam. 3 6 l)) Listen. C an you hea r the diffe re nce? W hich f is h is a n o ptimist? W hy? Ar e you an o ptimist o r a pessimist? b I'll be late You'll break She'll miss It'll rain They'll fail 3 3 l)) Li sten a nd check. Re peat t he res po nse . d Practise in pa irs. A (book o pen) read the You Say phrases. B (book closed) ay the A P essimist Say s respo n e . T hen swap roles. e Look at t he A Pessimis t Says phr ases aga in . Do they refer to t he present o r the future? f )>-- p.l36 Grammar Bank 6A. Learn m o re abo ut will f won't a nd practise the m. g Imagine now that yo u ar e a n o ptimis t. W ith a partner ma ke positive predictio ns to res po nd to t he You Say entences in the phrase book. 1 It'll be a great eveninf!:] 2 I'm doing my driving test this afternoon. == 3 I'm having my first skiing lesson today. == 4 I've lent James some money. == 5 I'm going to see a film tonight in English. == 6 ~ur team are playing rn the cup tonight. == 7 We're meeting Anna == and Daniel at 7.00. 8 We're going to drive to the city centre. == ••• ••• ••• Th e PessJmist · 's Phrase Book 4 READING 5 LISTENING & SPEAKING a Read an article about the actor Hugh Laurie. What a two things do Hugh Laurie and Dr House have in common? 3 8 >)) Lis ten to the introduction to a radio progra mme. Why is positive thinking good fo r you? b Try to g uess the missing w o rds in t hese callers' t ips. Caller 1 L ive in t he ____, not in t he _ _ __ Caller 2 Think th o ughts, not negative o nes. Caller 3 D on't s pend a lo t of time readi ng the _ _ __ o r watchi ng the Calle r 4 o n T V. Every week make a list of a ll the _ _ __ _ _ that happened to you. Caller 5 Try to u e when you peak to other people. c 3 9 >)) Lis ten and check. d Li ste n again. Write d own any extra info rmatio n you hear. Which tips do you th ink are useful? D o you have a ny tips of your own ? r"\R GREGORY HOUSE, the main character in the hit LITv series House M.D., is famous for being a pessimist. But it is not only Dr House who is a pessimist. Hugh laurie, the actor who plays him, is a pessimist too. laurie never thought that House M.D. was going to be a success. Even after seven series he still feels pessimistic about it. He said in a recent interview, "If we do a bad show next week, they' ll soy, 'That's it. No more.' It'll just stop. I am of course someone who is constantly expecting a plane to drop on my head, if not today then tomorrow." Like Dr House, laurie is also a talented musician and is passionate about the blues. He recently went to New Orleans to record an album in which he plays 15 of his favourite songs. But of course he doesn't think that people will like it. e A sk and answer with a pa rtner. Use a phrase from the box and say why. Which of yo u is mo re o ptimi sti c? ARE YOU A POSITIVE THINKER? Do you think ... + you'll have a nice weekend? + you'll pass your next English exam? + you'll get a good (or better) job in the future? + you'll get an interesting email or message from someone tonight? When he was asked on a TV show why he was so pessimistic about life, laurie said it was because he is Scottish. 'I definitely think that's where it comes from .' + you'll meet some new Because o f his reputation as a pessimist, people always talk to him about positive thinking. He says that complete strangers come up to him in the street and say 'Cheer up, mate, it'll never happen!' + you'll live to be 100? + you'll get to the end b Read t he art icle again. Mark the sentences T (true) o r F (fa lse). Say why. I Hugh Laurie always thinks the worst w ill happen. 2 He t hinks they will make many more series o f House M.D. 3 He doesn't th ink hi album w ill be uccessful. 4 He thinks that Scottish people are o ptimistic. 5 People often try to ma ke him feel happier. c Have you seen any episodes of House M.D.? Do you like ... ? a the character b t he acto r friends on your next holiday? of t his book? p Responding to predictions 1hope so. I 1hope not. I think so. I I don't thi nk so. I doubt it. Maybe. I Perhaps. Probably (not). Definitely (not ). Do you think you'l~ _ _,..., ) ( . I ,~~pe so. I think the weather have a nice week~ ~e good and... G will I won't (decisions, offers, promises) V verb+ back P word stress: two-syllable verbs It's a secret. OK, I won't tell 1 GRAMMAR will I won't (decisions, offers, promises) a Look at the ca rtoons. What do you thin k the m issing phra ses are? b 3 lO l)) Listen a nd complete the gaps. c Look at t he cartoon again . In which o ne does somebody... ? d 0 promise to do somethi ng 0 decide ro have somet hing 0 offer to do someth ing > p.136 Grammar Bank 68. Learn more about makin g 1 A That's t wo burgers, a double portion of chips, and two ice cream sundaes. Anything else? B Yes, _ _ _ _ _ _ , please. offers , promises, and decisions and practise t hem. e >Communication I'll I Shall/? game p.l02. Play the game. 2 PRONUNCIATION word stress: t wo-syllable verbs p Stress in two-syllable verbs Remember that most two-syllable verbs are stressed on the second syllable. a Look at the two-syllable verbs below. Which syllable are they tressed o n? Put them in the right column . 2 a gree a rrive bo rrow com plain de!cide deipend for get happen im press in vent in)vite oiffer practise pre fer prolmise re 1ceive repair sunjbathe 1st syllable b A Do I want to go back to t he previous version? Do I press Yes or No? B I need to do my homework now. _ _ _ _ __ when I f inish. 2nd syllable 3 12 l)) Listen and check. 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ ! I promise! Well, hurry up. I can't wait much longer. A Just one more kiss ... 3 SPEAKING & LISTENING a Look at the sentence . Ta lk to a partner. I When do you t hin k people say them? 2 W hat do you t hink t hey a ll have in commo n? I'll pay you back. I'll come back and finis h t he job tomorrow. This won't hurt. ~ :__.,.,. I won't tell anyone. ~ L I'll do it later. 4 VOCABULARY verb+ back a J Look at t he sente nces . W hat 's t he d ifference between [JO a nd [JO back? I'm going to work. b / I'll t ext you when I y get there. ~ We'll build new schools and hospitals. I'm goi ng back to work. Complete t he dia lo g ues w it h a ph rase fro m th e lis t. call you back come back give it back pay me back send it back take it back / 1 A The shirt you bought me is t oo small. B Don't worry. I'll t o t he shop and cha nge it. I still have the receipt. / b Look at t he t itle o f a new paper a rticle. Do yo u t hin k it's a nother pro m ise t hat people o fte n b reak? 2 A Hi, Jack. It's me, Karen. B I can't talk now, I'm driving - I'll I'll never forget you in 15 minutes. 3 A Could I see the manager? B She's at lunch now. Could you in about half an hour? 4 A That's my pen you're using! B No, it's not. It's mine. 5 A Can you le nd me 50 eu ros, Nick? B It depends. Whe n can you ? 6 A I bought t his jacket on the internet, but it's too big. ? B Can't you teve Smith from Devon in the UK met Carmen Rui z-Perez from Spain 17 years ago when they were both in their 20s. Carmen was studying English at a language school in Steve's tow n, Torbay. S They fell in love and got engaged. But a yea r later Carmen moved to France to work, and the long-distance relationship fi rst cooled a nd then ended. A few yea rs later Steve tried to get in touch with Carmen again, c 3 14>)) L is te n a nd chec k. In pai rs, practise t he d ia logues. d As k a nd answer in g ro ups. A k fo r mo re in fo r m a tio n. Q; Q. ~~ i but she had cha nged her address in Paris. So he sent her a letter to her mother's address in Spain. In t he letter he asked her if she was -~ married and if she ever thought of him . He gave her his telepho ne ~ number and asked her to get in touch. But Ca rmen's mother didn't ~ send the letter to her daughter a nd it fell down behind the fireplace, where it stayed for ten years... ~ 2 l 3 4 c Read the article a nd a nswe r the qu es tio ns. 5 I W hat were Car men a nd S teve do ing in To rbay? 2 W hy didn't they get m arried ? 3 Why did n't S teve' lerrer get to Carm en? d 6 3 13 >)) ow listen to part o f a news progra mme a nd a nswe r t he que t io ns. W hat happen ed ... ? I when the bui lders fo u nd t he letter 2 when Carmen got the letter 3 when Carm en called Steve 4 when t hey met in Paris 5 last week 5 When so meone leaves yo u a message o n yo u r p ho ne d o yo u usua lly call t hem back im med iately? If yo u buy so meth ing o nli ne that is nor exactly w hat yo u wa nted, do you always send it b ack? Have yo u ever lent somebody mo ney and t hey d idn 't pay you b ack? When you come back after a ho liday do you usually feel better o r wo rse than befo re? When yo u bo rrow a book o r a DV 0 fro m a fr iend do yo u usually remember to g ive it back ? W hat about if you lend so methi ng to your frie nd ? If yo u b uy som cth i ng to wea r fro m a sho p and th en decide yo u do n't like it, do you usually t ake it b ack ? SONG Reach Out I'll Be 3 1s >)) There ~ G review of verb forms: present, past, and future V adject ives + prepositions P the letters ow 1 READING & LISTENING c Listen again and complete the ga ps with a verb in the right form . Dr Allen So, tell me, what did you dream about? Patient I was at a party. There were a lot of people. ? Dr What were they 1 P They were drinking and 2_ __ a Do you o fte n remember your dreams? Do you think dreams can tell us anyt hing abou t the future? b 3 16 >)) Listen to a psychoanalyst talking to a patient about his dreams. Nu mber the pictures 1-6 in the correct order. Dr P Dr P Dr P Dr P Dr P Dr Were you drinking? Yes, I was 3 champagne. And then what happened? a lot of flowers ... Then, suddenly I was in a garden. There 4 Flowers, yes ... what kind of f lowers? really see- it was dark. And I could hear music I5 the violin. somebody was 6 The violin? Go on. an owl, a big owl in a tree... And then I 7 How did you 8 ? Were you frightened of it? No, not frightened really, no, bu t I 9 I felt very cold. Especially my feet- they were freezing. And then 110_ __ Your feet? Mmm, very interesting, very interesting indeed. Were you 11 _ _ any shoes? P No, no, I wasn't. Dr Tell me. Have you ever 12_ _ _ this dream before? P No, never. So what does it 13_ _ _,, Doct or? d What do you think the patient's dream means? Match five of the things in his dream with interpretations 1- 5. Understanding 1fOur dreams You dream .. . 0 that you are at a party. 0 0 0 0 that you are drinking champagne. This means ... you are go ing to be very busy. about flowers. 2 you're feeling positive about the future. that somebody is playing the violin. 3 you want some romance in your life. about an owl. 4 you need to ask an older person for help. 5 you' ll be successful in t he future . e 3 17 >)) Listen to Dr Allen interpreting the patient's dream. C heck your a nswers to d . f 3 18 >)) Dr Allen is now goi ng to ex plain what pictu re 6 means. What do you think the meaning could be? Listen and find out. 2 GRAMMAR review of verb forms a Look at the sentences below. Which one is the present perfect? Ma rk it PP. T hen look at the other sentences. What t ime do t hey re fe r to? Mark them P (the past), PR (the present) or F ( the futu re). D I was drin king champagne. 2 D Maybe you'll have a meeting w ith your boss. 3 D I saw a n owl. 4 D You are feel ing positive. 5 D You're going to meet a lor of people. 6 D You work in an o ffice. 7 D I'm meeting her tonight. 8 D Have you ever had this dream before? > p.l36 Grammar bank 6C. Rev ise a ll the verb fo rms I b 4 PRONUNCIATION the letters ow p Pronunication of ow Be careful: ow can be pronounced taU/, e.g. flower or 1~ , e.g. window. 3 20 >)) Listen and re peat the t wo words and sou nds. a ~I b Wr ite the words in the list in the r ight columns. blow borrow brown crowded down how know low now show shower snow throw towel town you've studied in Files 1-6 a nd practi se them . c 3 SPEAKING a d Prac ti se saying the sentences. > Communication Dreams A p.l 03 B p.l OB. Show me the flowers. T he tow n is very crowded nO\\ . Do n't throw snow at the w indows. How do you know? Can I borrow a rowel for the shower? Roleplay interpreting your par tner's drea m. b In ter view a pa rtner w ith the questio nna ire. C hoose two questions fro m each group. Ask for more info rmatio n. REVISION QUESTIONNAIRE - Where do you usually buy your clot hes? What do you like doing at the weekend? Are you watching any TV series at t he moment? Are you st udying for an exam at the moment? Where did you go on holiday last year? Did you do anything exciting last Saturday night? Where were you at 10 o'clock last night? What were you doing? Were you sleeping when the alarm clock rang this morning? Have you ever had the same dream again and again? Have you ever dreamed about something that then happened? Are you going t o learn a new foreign language ne xt year? Are you going to do anything exciting next weekend? Do you think it will be sunny tomorrow? Do you think your country will win the next football World Cup? What are you doing tonight? 3 21 >)) Listen a nd check. 5 VOCABULARY adjectives + prepositions p a Adjectives + prepositions Some adjectives are us ually followed by certain prepositions, e.g. Were you frightened of the owl? It's useful to learn the prepositions wit h t he adject ives. Com ple te the gaps with a preposition . Are you afraid _ the dark? Do you think chocolate is good _ you? Is your town full _ tourists in the sum mer? What is your country famous _ ? At school, what sub jects were you bad _ ? Are you good _ danci ng? Do you often get a ngry _ your fam ily? W hat _ ? Are people in your country ver y diffe rent _ the English? 9 Are people in your country nice _ tour ists? 10 Are you inte rested _ politics? I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 b Ask a nd a nswer t he questio ns w ith a partner. Say why. GRAMMAR Q a , b,orc. I She drives ___ than her brother. a faster b more fas t c more fastly 2 His new book isn't as good ___ his last one. a than b that c as 3 Women spend ___ time cook ing than in the past. a less b little c fewer 4 Friday is ___ day of the week. a the busier b the busiest c the most busy road in the world. 5 It's the a more dangerous b dangerousest c most da ngerous 6 It's the hottest country I've ___ been to. a never b always c ever 7 My sister drinks _ __ coffee. a too b too much c too many 8 These jeans are ___ small. Do you have them one size bi gger? a too b too much c too many 9 You haven't spent ___ on your homework. a timt: t:nuugh b enough time c many time 10 They're playing really badly. They _ _ the match. a wantwi n b won'twin c won'tto win 11 A My exam is today. B Don't wor ry. _ __ . a You'Upass b You pass c You're passi ng the window. 12 A ft 's cold in here. B a I close b I'm closing c I'll close 13 They met for the first time when they _ _ in Madrid. a were living b are living c was living 14 A Have you been to the USA? B Yes, l ___ to New York Last yea r. a 've been b went c was going IS A ___ today? B o, she's on holiday. a Does she work b Is she worki ng c Will she work VOCABULARY a Q the right verb o r ph rase. 1 I waste / lose a lot of time playing games on my phone. 2 3 4 5 We spend/ tak.e a lot of time sitting in our cars every day. Can you borrow f lend me 50 euros? I'm leaving tonight and I'm comin[J / co mine back on Friday. This is Ben. He's teachin[J f lea rnin[J me to play the piano. b Write the opposite verb. 1 buy 2 push c 5 teach 3 remember 4 pass Write word s for the definitions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 lO cr___ (adj) full of people or things s___ (adj) opposite of da11Berous n _ _ _ (adj) opposite of quiet (for a place) s ___ (adj, noun) opposite of l!orth m _ _ _ (noun) a building where you can see old thing p ___ (noun) the place where a ki ng or queen lives m ___ (noun) a religious buildi ng for Musl ims b___ (noun) you have 206 of these in your body br___ (noun) the organ we use to think sk_ __ (noun) it covers the outside of your body d Complete the sentences w ith a prepositio n. 2 3 4 5 My husband's always late. He's never ___ time for anything. Art: you intt:rested ___ this TV programme? When I was a child I was afraid ___ dogs. I'd really like to be good ___ dancing. Eating too many sweets and biscuits is bad ___ you. PRONUNCIATION a Q the word w ith a d ifferent sou nd. I~ 2 l 3 ·~· ~__:_ . roo lose polluted much cat ma ny hea lthy mend lor won't bo rrow o ffer 4 ~ shower now snow rowel 5 12' receive castle mosque active b U nderline the stressed syllable. 1 im pa tienr 2 in teres ring "> ..) in vent 4 prac rise 5 decide CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT? ~ CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE? a Read the text o nce. Does the journalist think music mad e him run faster? 3 22 >)) I n the s treet Watch o r li ste n to fi ve people a nd answer the questio ns. b Read the tex t again a nd m a rk the sente nces T {true) o r F (false). 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 T he p ycho logi t says th at all kinds of music ca n help u exercise better. He ays th at exerci e is more fun with mus ic. Men and wo men prefer different mus ic when they exercise. Music helped Ha ile Gebre elassie break a record . Most to p athletes use mus ic when they run. Music ca n help amateur runners to run faster. T he journ ali t chose his mus ic fo r the m aratho n. A ll the o ngs helped him run faster. c Look at the highlighted wo rds o r phrases in the tex t. Gues their mea ning fro m the context . C heck with your teacher o r with a dictio nary. Can music really make you run faster? ostas Karageorghis. a sports psychologist at Brunei University in the UK. calls music 'sport's legal drug'. He says that exercising with music can improve athletic performance by 15%. The music must be carefully chosen so that the tempo or 'beat' is synchronised with the exercise you are doing. According to Professor Karageorghis. music also makes you feel less pain and makes an exercise session less boring and more enjoyable. C The UK's biggest gym chain. Fitness First. recognises the importance of music to w orkouts. and plays music in all its clubs. The most popular song for male gym members is Survivor's Eye of the Tiger. while women love Abba's Dancing Queen. Music works well with weightlifting. and other repetitive actions. but it can also help with running . The best example of this is Haile Gebreselassie. perhaps the world 's greatest distance runner. who used the techno-pop song Scatman as a metronome when he broke the w orld 2,000m record . But if music was so important to Gebreselassie. why do other top runners never ra ce with headphones? Karageorghis says 'Research has shown t hat for most top athletes musi c is less effective. Elite athletes focus more on their bodies. and less on outside stimuli like music.' So although music can help amateur runners run faster and further. most top athletes prefer silence. I decided to try running with music myself. I was going to run a half marathon. and a sports doctor gave me the perfect playlist of songs for running. When I did the race. I found that some of the t racks. like Von Kleet's Walking on Me. made running easier. Others made me want to throw away the mp3 player. When I crossed the line. I had beaten my previous persona l best by one minute. but was it because of the music? To be honest. I felt it was probably because of the extra training. Warren Pole in The Times Ian Yvonne Ben Joanna Any a Three years ago Ian ___. a retired b had mo re free time c was wo rking part time 2 When Yvo nne talks abo ut why she loves Ro me, she doesn't mention _ __ . a the scenery b the food c the b uildin gs 3 Ben eats _ _ _ sugar. a too much b a lo t o f c a little 4 Joa nna says her friends ___ . a are mostly pessimist b think she is a pess imist c think she is an o ptimist 5 Anya often has bad dream s ___. a w hen she's having pro blems at wo rk b after she's had a big mea l c when she's having pro blems w ith her partner CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH? D o the tasks with a partner. Tick (.I) the box if you can d o them . Can you ... ? D compare two member I of yo ur fa mily using adjectives and adverbs 2 D talk about your town using fo ur superl atives (tire biBBest, the best, etc.) 3 D 4 C tatk abo ur your diet using (not) enou8 11 and too much f too many make three predi ctio n abo ut the future using will / won't 5 D make a pro mise, an o ffer, and a decisio n using will f won't [31 Short films Chicago Watch and enjoy a film on iTut or. G uses of the infinitive with to V verbs + infinitive: try to, forget to, etc. P weak form of to, linking What dol need to do? 1 READING & LISTENING a Look at the poste r of a well-known film . Do you kno w what it's a bo ut? Have you seen it? How to ... Survive Meeting Your Girlfriend's Pa rents fo r the First Time It's st ressful, but t hese top tips can help you to get it right ... He finally met the girl of his dreams. Too bad her dad's a nighanace. Tips You need .1Q...dQ some ' homework ' before you go. Ask your girlfriend about her parents. Where does her mother work? Does her father like football? Do you have any common interests? lf you do th is, it will be easy a conversation with them. Make sure you dress the right impression. Don 't wear a suit, but don't just wear your old jeans and the Che Guevara T-shirt you bought in the market. Be punctual. It's very important Late at a first meeting. b With a partner , th ink o f two piece o f ad vice fo r o m ebod y w ho is going to m eet the ir pa rtne r 's pare nts fo r the firs t time. c d ow read an a rticle adapted fro m the web ire wikiHow. your advice th ere? Read the a rticle again a nd complete the ga p w ith t he ve rb in th e li st. to answer not to be te-60 (x2) to have to know to make t o say to show not to talk e 3 23 >)) Li te n to igel m eeting hi g irlfrie nd's pa re nts fo r the fir t time. Does the m eeting ta rt well o r badly? How does it end? f Li te n aga in a nd a n we r the que tions. I \! hat does he do wrong? 2 \ hat doe he d o ri ght? g Do you think the advice in the a rticle wo uld be good fo r people in your country? Why (no t)? D o you think the advice wo uld be the sam e fo r a g irl m eetin g her boyfrie nd's parents for the firs t time? When they greet you at the door shake the father's hand firmly (no father Likes a weak handshake!). Ask your girlfriend what kind of greeting her mum will prefer. Call her parents Mr and Mrs (Smith) until they ask you to call them 'Dave' and 'Sharon'. Be ready questions about yourself! Her parents will want everything about you and your ambitions. Make a good impression! If you are invited for a meal, eat everything they give you and say something positive about the meal, like 'This is absolutely delicious!'. Offer ____ the washing-up after the meal .__ __ them that you are a 'new man'). Be yourself, and don't be a 'yes' man. If they ask you for your opinion, be honest. Howeve r, try about controversial subjects - this isn't the moment to give your views on religion and politics! If the conversation is dyi ng and you can't th in k what , ask them what your partner was like as a child . This is a brilliant ta ctic! ALL parents love talking about their children and it shows you have a deep interest in their daughter. Adapted from wikiHow 2 GRAMMAR 4 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING uses of t he inf initive wit h to a Matc h sentence a- d from the a rt icle with rules l- 4 . a weak f orm of to, linking a D If you do th is, it will be easy t o have a I wa nt to come. He decided to leave. co nversatio n w ith them. b D Offer to do the washing-up after the mea l (to show them that you are a 'new man'). c D If the conve rsation is dying a nd you can't thi nk what t o say, ask them what your partner was li ke as a chi ld. d D You need to do som e 'ho mework' 3 26 l)) Liste n to two sente nces. Is to stressed? H ow is it prono u need? p Linking words with the same consonant sound When a word ends in a consonant sound and the next word begins with the same o r a very s imilar sound, we often link the words t oget her and only make the consona nt sound once. This happens whe n a verb e nds in t. or 'd before to, so want to is pronounced /'wont o. and decided to is pronounced dJ'smdn:li. befo re you go. Use th e i n fin itive with to . .. after some verbs, e.g. need, wa nt, etc. 2 after adjectives 3 to give a reason fo r doi ng so mething 4 after a questio n word, e.g. who, what, ho w b Look at the o the r infin itives you used to complete the a rticle . W hich r ules are they? c > p.138 Grammar Bank 7A. Learn mo re about uses of the in fin iti ve and practise thern . 3 VOCABULARY verbs + inf initive a Witho ut looki ng back at the a rticle try to remember the m i sing verbs . You to do some ho mework befo re you go. 2 Her parents will to kno w everything about you and yo ur ambitions. 3 ro do t he washing-up after the mea l.. . 4 However, no t to talk about controversial subjects .. . b > p.l58 Vocabulary Bank Verb forms. Do pa rt 1 (Verbs + infinitive). b 3 27 l)) Liste n a nd w rite s ix sente nces. T hen practise saying them . c Wo rk in pa irs. A a k B the first s ix questio ns. B give as much info rm atio n as yo u ca n. Swap roles fo r the last s ix q uestio ns. • Have you ever offered to look after somebody's dog (or other pet)? • Do you t hink it is difficult to stay friends with an ex-boyfriend /girlfriend? • Have you ever tried to learn something new and failed? • Do you t hink it is important to learn to cook at school? • How long do you usually spend deciding what to wear in the morning? • Do you know how to change a wheel on a car? • Do you think it's possible t o learn a foreign language st udying on your own at home? • Are you planning to go anywhe re next weeke nd? • Would you like to work or st udy in another country? • Have you ever pretended t o be ill (when you were n't)? • Have you ever forgott en t o turn off you r mobile phone during a class or concert? • What do you think is t he most interesting t hing to do for a visitor to your town? d >-Communication How to ... A p.l 03 B p.l07. R ead a nd re-tell two m o re H ow to .. . arti cles. 5 WRITING W ith a pa rtner, w r ite a 'H ow to .. .' a rti cle. C ho ose o ne o f the titles below, a nd try to thin k of at least fo ur tips. How t o ... • make a good impres ion o n yo ur first day in yo ur English class. • m ake a good impres io n at a job in terview. G uses of the gerund (verb + -ing) V verbs + gerund P the letter i 1 GRAMMAR uses of t he gerund a Talk to a partner. Is there a book, a fi lm, or a song that makes you feel happy whenever you read, watch , or listen to it? What is it? Why does it make you feel happy? b Read a magazine article where different people on the magazine's staff say what happiness is for them . Who do you think said what? Match the peo ple to the paragraphs. [I[] ... making soup. I love using leftovers in the fridge. There's something magical about making something delicious out of nothing. [I[] ... sitting on the sofa on a winter Erin, Harriet, Sebastian, fashion editor health editor music editor evening with a box of chocolates, watching a feel-good film, preferably one that makes me cry. [}I] ...listening to Don't Stop Me Now by Queen. As soon as I hear it I immediately feel like getting up and dancing. Kate, Marco, Andrew, cinema editor food editor travel editor c Read the article again. ls there anybody you really agreefdon't agree with ? Compare with a partner. d Look at the highlighted phrases in the first paragraph. Find an example o f a gerund (verb + -inB): 1 after another verb _ _ __ 2 after a preposition _ _ __ 3 used as a noun e )o- p.l38 Grammar Bank 78. Learn mo re about the uses of the gerund and practise them . f Write your own continuatio n for Happiness l S . .. g Work in groups offour. Read the other students' texts. D o you agree with their ideas of happiness? GIJ ... getting on the scales and seeing that I've lost a kilo even t hough I had a big meal the day before. rn ...seeing my suitcase come out first at baggage reclaim at the airport rn ...finding a real bargain in t he sales. I'm still wearing a Prada j acket t hat I bought incredibly cheaply in a sale ten years ago. 2 VOCABULARY & SPEAKING verbs + gerund 4 SPEAKING & LISTENING a a )o- p.158 Vocabulary Bank Verb forms. I When you a re happy do you so met imes feel like s ing ing? 2 D o you ever s ing ... ? • in the bower • karaoke • in th e ca r • in acho ir or ba nd • while you're li ten ing to mus ic, e.g. on an iPod 3 Is t here a particular singer whose songs you like s ing ing? D o you have a favour ite song? Do part 2 (Ver bs + ge rund). b C hoose fi ve things to talk abo ut fro m the list below. Something... you don't mind doing in the house you like doing with your fa mily you love doing in the summer you don't feel like doing at weekends you spend too much time doing you dream of doing you hate doing at work I school you don't like doing alone you are thinking of doing this weekend you think you are very good (or very bad) at doing • • • • • • • • • • c Wo rks in pairs. A tell B abo ut the five things. Say w h y. B a k fo r m o re informatio n . Then sw ap ro les. Ask a nd a nswer w ith a partne r. b In pairs, say if you think sentences 1-7 are T (true) o r F (fa lse). 1 S inging is good fo r your hea lth. 2 If you wa nt to s ing well, you need to learn to brea the correctly. 3 People who sing are usually fatter than people who do n't. 4 o t everybo dy ca n learn to sing. 5 Yo u need to know how to read music to be able to sing wel l. 6 If you ma ke a s urpri ed face, you ca n sing hi gh notes better. 7 It rake yea rs to lea rn to s ing better. c 3 32 >)) Now lis ten to an inter view with the directo r o f a s inging chool a nd a stud ent who did a course there. Were you right? d Li sten aga in . C hoose t he rig h t an swer. 3 PRONUNCIATION the letter i a Put the o ne-syllable wo rds below into the right colu mn . 2 find give high hire kind like mind miss night right skin slim thin t ime which win wit h 3 4 5 6 b 3 30 >)) Li sten and check. T he n look at t he wo rds in each co lumn . What rules ca n you see fo r the pro n u nciatio n o f ... W hen you are lea rning to sing you need ro _ _ correc tly. a stand b dress c eat S inging we ll is 95% _ _ . a repea ti ng b listen ing c breat hing Gemm a' course lasted c one month a o ne day b o ne week Gemma has always _ _ . a been good at singing b been in a cho ir c li ked sing ing At first the studen ts learnt to a breathe and s ing b listen a nd breat he c listen a nd sing At t he end of the day they could s ing _ _ . b much better c a bit better a per fec tly e Wo uld you Like tO learn to s ing (better)? Are there a ny tips fro m the listening that you could use? 5 3 33 >)) • i + consonant + e (but which word i an exceptio n?) • ind and iBh • i bet ween o ther consonants c 3 31 >)) ow listen ro som e two-sylla ble words. Is the i pro no u need III or /a 1/ ? Listen a nd check. arrive decide engine invite online practise promise revise service surprise d W hat 's the differ ence in the stress betwee n the verbs in c where i is pronounced Ill and where i is pronounced /all? SONG Don't Stop fv1e Now ~ G have to, don't have to, must, mustn't V modifiers: a bit, really, etc. P must, mustn't 2 PRONUNCIATION must, mustn't 1 GRAMMAR have to, don't have to, must, mustn't a a Match the no tices to the rul es. D 2 3 4 D D 0 You don't have to do You have to pay before the e nd of the month. 3 36 >)) Lis te n to t h ese sente nces. Which le tter is not pro nounced in mustn't? Listen again a nd repea t. Yo u must use a di ctionary. b You mustn't use a d ic tionary. 3 37 >)) Listen a nd write five sente nces. You don 't have to pay to see t his. You mustn't! eat here. You mu st turn off your pho ne before you come io. 3 READING & LISTENING a Do you think people from your country a re good at learning ~ENGUS~ A llY coe • THE languages? W hy (not)? Are British p eop le good at lea rning your language? b Read about Max, a British journalist w ho did an inte n s ive Spa nish course. T h e n cover the a rt icle a nd a nswer t h e questio n s. l:~:::ti litt [I] 1l1is term~ COVJ1e.. .f~ 1'b bt pUd.ixj 3C?APRIL What reputa tio n do the Briti sh have? FOOD TO BE TAKEN INTO 2 What experiment did M ax's newspaper want to do? THE LIBRARY 3 Why did Max c hoose to lea rn S pani sh? 4 Where did be do the course? How lo n g was it? b Look at the h igh lighted ex pressio n s and a n swer the questions. Whic h t wo phrases m ea n ... ? It is a !±I rule. T h ere's an obligat ion this. 2 Wh ich phrase m ean s ... ? to 5 What did he find easy a nd diffic ult about Spa nish? 6 What were the fo ur tests? What were the rules? do a It is n't permitted. It is aga in st the ru les. b It isn't o bligato ry o r it i n't necessa ry. c 3 38 >)) W hi c h test do you think was the easiest for Max? Which do you think was the m ost diffic ult? Listen to M ax doing t he tests in M adrid a nd c heck your a n sw e rs. d Liste n again. Mark the se nte n ce T (t rue) o r F (fa lse). Correct th e false in for m a tio n. c )-- p.l38 Grammar Bank 7C . Lea rn more about have to, don't have to, must, a nd mustn't, a nd practise them. 1 T he waiter d id n't understa nd Ma x. 2 T he bi ll w as six e uros. 3 T he chemi st's was the first srreet o n the right. d With a parmer, complete fo u r sente nces abo ut e 4 T he driver understood th e nam e of the stadium . the school w here you are lea rning English. 5 Max made a gra mma r mistake whe n he left the We have to... We must... voicema ilmessage. 6 Max's fina l m a rk was eight. We don't have t o... We mustn't... Compa re your rules w ith anothe r pair. Which ru le do you think is t he most im portam? 7 Max says you can lea rn S panis h in a mo nth. I will survive 4 VOCABULARY modifiers (in Spanish) ... My pronunciation of the stadium wasn't very good. I was feeling a bit nervous at this point. or will I? a Complete the chart with the words in the box. a bit incredibly net ver-y quite really vefY T he Brit ish have a reputation for being bad at learning languages, but is it really true? I work for a newspaper which was doing a series of articles about this. As an experiment. they asked me to try and learn a completely new language for one month. Then I had to go to the country and do some 'tests' to see if I could 'survive' in different situations. I decided to learn Spanish because I would like to visit Spain and Latin America in the future. If I go. I don't want to be the typical Brit who expects everyone else to speak English. very Spanish is difficult. not very p abit We only use a bit before negative adjectives and adverbs, e.g. a bit difficult. a bit slowly. I did a one-month intensive course in Spanish at a language school in London. I was a complete beginner but I soon found that some Spanish words are very similar to English ones. For example. hola isn't very different from 'hello' and ingles is very similar to 'English'. But other things were more difficult, for example the verbs in Spanish change for each person and that means you have to learn a lot of different endings. My biggest problem was the pronunciation. I found it very difficult to pronounce some letters in Spanish, especially r andj. I downloaded sentences in Spanish onto my phone and I listened and repeated them again and again . b Complete the sentences with one of the words or ph rases so that it makes a true sentence. Compare w ith a partner. 1 I'm 2 l 'm good at learn ing languages. motivated to improve my English. 3 English pronunciation is difficu lt. 4 Engli sh gram mar is compl icated. 5 I'm worried about the next English exam. 6 Engli sh is _ imporrant for my work J studies. 5 SPEAKING When my course finished I went to Madrid for the weekend to do my tests. A Spanish teacher called Paula came with me and gave me a mark out of 10 for each test and then a final mark for everything. a H ow well do you think you could do Max's four tests in English? W hy? I think I could order a drink and a sandwich quite well~ b Talk to a partner. These were the tests and the rules: ·-------------- ---------·--------·--··-------------------------·----------------------------· ..·------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------·.. HAVE YOU EVER... ;:. • spoken t o a tourist in English? When? Why? i. • had to speak in English on the phone? Who to? i . What about? • seen a fi lm or vi deo clip in English? Which? Did it have subt it les? How much did you understand? • read a book or magazine in English? Which one(s)? • asked f or directions in English in a foreign city? Where? What happened? • used an app or website to improve your English? Which one? • learnt another foreign language? How well can you speak it? j:::. ~~s You have to ... 1 order a drink and a sandwich in a bar. ask how much it is. and understand th e price. 2 ask for directions in the street (and f ollow them). 3 get a taxi to a famous place in Madrid. 4 leave a message on somebody's voicemail. - you mustn't use a dictionary or phrase book you mustn't speak English at any time you mustn't use your hands or mime or write anything down l. .·------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------·. 6 WRITING ,.... p.llS Writing A formal email. Write an emai l asking for in formation. At the pharmacy [J RUNNING IN CENTRAL PARK a 2 VOCABULARY feeling ill a 3 39>)) Wa tch or listen to Rob and Jenny. Are they enjoying their run? Match the ph rases a nd pictures. What's the matter? D I have a headache. 'hcucii.. D D D I have a cough. kot D b I have flu. f u: D I have a temperature. rempr:nJ";:, I have a bad stomach. ~t.,m;~k I have a cold. 3 40 >)) Listen and check. Cover the phrases a nd practise with a partner. What's the matter!l 0ave a headache. [I GOING TO A PHARMACY a 3 41>)) Cover the dialogue and watch or listen.~ the correct answe r. Rob thinks he has a cold {flu. 2 T he pharmacist gives Rob ibupmfen f penicillin. 3 He has to take the medicine everyJour hours f eight hours. 4 T hey cost $ 16.99 / $6.99. b Watch o r listen agai n and answer the questions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 How does Rob say he feels? What does Jenny say about Central Park? Is Rob happy he came to ew York? W hat is Rob tired of doin g? W hat does Jenny invite him to do? How many more times are they going to run round the pa rk? b Watch or listen aga in. Complete th e You Hear phrases. >)) You Hear YouSay Q Good morning. Can I help you? What are your s ymptoms? Do you have a ? Are you allergic t o any drugs? No . This is ibuprofen. It'll make you feel I'm not feeling very well. I think I have flu. I have a headache and a cough. No, I don't think so. I'm allergic to penicillin. [I DINNER AT JENNY'S APARTMENT a 3 43>)) Watch o r listen to Rob and Jenny. Mark the sentences How many do I have to take? T (true) or F (false) . ___ every four hours. Sorry? How often? 2 Jenny hasn't had much time fo r relationships. 3 Jenny knew that Rob was n't feeling well in the morning. ___ every four hours. If you don't feel better in hours, you should see a doctor. OK, thanks. 4 Ro b wants to go back to his hotel because he' · tired. That's $6.99, please. Thank you. 1 Rob broke up w it h his girlfr iend a year befo re he met Jenny. How much is that? 5 Jen ny is go ing to call a taxi. b Watch o r lis ten aga in. Say why the F sentences a re fa lse. c 4 4>)) R ead the info rmat io n box about have BOt. Listen a nd repeat th e ph ra es. You're 0 0 British and American English pharmacy = American English (and so metimes British English) chemist's = British English drugs = medicine in Amercian English drugs= illegal substances in British and American English c 3 42 >)) Watch o r listen a nd repeat t he You Say p hrases. C opy the~thm. No, I haven't. I haven't got children. ,.... See appendix p.l65. d Ask and ans wer w ith a partner. U e Have you BOL .. ? Yes, I have. J No, I haven't. Give mo re info rm ation if you ca n. A a ny pets a bike or motorbike a garden B any brother s and sisters a car a laptop d Practise the di a logue w ith a pa rtne r. e • Have you got any pet: ! l ln pa irs, roleplay t he dialogue. A (book closed) You don't feel ve ry well. Decide what sy mptoms yo u have . Are yo u allergic to anything? B (book open) You are the pharmacist. Yo u begin Can I help you? havegot We sometimes use have got instead of have to talk about possession. I've got a busy day tomorrow. Have you got any children? Yes, I have. I've got a girl and a boy. ~es I have. I've got two dogs. e Look at the Social English phrases. Can you remember any o f t he missing word s? Social English phrases Rob That was a lovely _ _. Jenny I'm you're feeling better. Rob That isn't very _ _ for you. Rob Thanks again for a _ _ evening. Rob I'm I'll be fine. Jenny time. Rob I think I get back to t he hotel now. f Swap ro les. f 3 46>)) Watch or liste n a nd complete the ph rases. g Wa tch o r listen aga in and repeat t he phrases. H o w do you say t hem i n yo ur la ng uage? • Canyou ...? D describe symptoms when you feel ill D get medicine at a pharmacy D talk about possessions with have got G should V get P /ul and /u:/, sentence st ress You should t alk t o her. 1 READING a Talk to a part ner. If you have a problem that you need to talk about, do you talk to a friend or to a member of your family? Why? 2 Do you think that men find it more difficu lt tha n women to ta lk about their problems? Why (not)? b Read three p roblems fro m a wee kly article in a Briti h newspaper. Match two pieces of advice to each problem . c R ead the problems and advice agai n. Look at t he highlighted ve rb phrases and gue their meani ng. d Talk to a part ner. W h ich piece o f advice do you agree w ith most for each problem? Do you have any other suggestions? Too 111acho to talk? Are you a man who finds it difficult to talk about feelings and problems with your friends and family? Send us your problem and you will get advice from our readers. ProblemA Three weeks ago I asked my girlfriend to marry me - we have been together for 18 months. It was a n impulse, but now I am having second thoughts. I am deeply in love w ith her, but is this too soon? Please help. 1 D This seems an easy one - go, but try to avoid her where possible, and ifyou can't avoid her, then just smile and don't get into a conversation. 2 D In my opinion, I don't think it's worth making problems at work. Why don't you suggest that she asks a girlfriend or a family member to go with her instead? 3 D You should tell your girlfriend how you feel. Be polite and, above all, be honest. You do not have to like her sister. If she really is difficult, everyone else will already know. 4 D You felt it was right at the time, but for some reason now you are not sure. You clearly love this girl and I think you should go for it. I got married after four months ofdating, and we celebrated 30 years this year. 5 D You should be there. Maybe this is a once in a lifetime moment for her. You can always keep in touch with colleagues on your phone. 6 D You shouldn't do anything in a hurry. Fix a date 18 months from now which will give you time to be sure you're doing the right thing. And don't plan too much. Ifyou start booking restaurants and getting clothes for the big day, it will make things worse ifyou then change your mind. Problem B My w ife is running her first marathon in London and she really wa nts me to go and watch her. However, there is a business confe rence in New York the same weekend and my boss would like me to attend. W hat should I do? Problem C My girlfriend wants us to spend two weeks in France in the summer with her family, but I fi nd her sister really difficult to get on with. Should I go and risk having arguments a ll the time or should I suggest separate holidays this year? Adapted from a British newspaper 2 GRAMMAR should 5 VOCABULARY get a Find and underline seven examples of should f shouldn 't in the problem s a nd ad vice in 1. Answer w ith a partner: a Look at three sentences from the lesson. Match the examples of Bet w ith rneanings a-c. a buy I obtain What do we use should for? 2 How do you make negatives and questions with should? 2 b receive c become D Send us your problem a nd you w ill get advice ... D If you sta rt booking restaura nts a nd getting clothes for the big day... b )>- p.l40 Grammar Bank BA. Lea rn more about shou ld a nd practise it. 3 D I'm getting really stressed about i.r. b .)-- p.l59 Vocabulary Bank get. 3 PRONUNCIATION c In pa irs, ask and answe r the questio ns w ith Bet. /u/ and /u:/, sentence stress 1 When was the last time you got a present? What was it ? Who was it from? 2 Would you like to get fitter? What do you t hink you should do? 3 What website do you use if you want t o get tickets a) to t ravel b) for the cinema I theatre I concerts? 4 Who do you get on with best in your f amily? Is there anybody you don't get on with? 5 How do you get to work f school? How long does it usually take you? 6 What 's the f irst thing you do when you get home from work I school? 7 Do you have a good sense of direct ion, or do you often get lost? 8 How many emails or text messages do you get a day? Are they most ly f rom friends? Do you usually reply immediately? a 3 48>)) Listen and repeat the wo rds and ounds. What's the difference between the two sounds? I ~ _ b_u_ll-t_g_o_od ~ boot do put soon should tr ue would you b 3 49>)) Are the pink letters in these words ound 1 (/u/) or sound 2 (/u:/)? Listen a nd check. Which consona nt isn't pronounced in should, would, and could? book could flew food foot look school c 3 50>)) Li ten a nd write six sentences. d Listen again and repeat the e ntences. Copy the rh.x.t h m. 6 WRITING a e >-Communication What should I do? A p.l03 B p.lOB. Listen to your pa rtne r's problems and give advice. Read t wo proble ms on a website. Write a res ponse to o ne of the m giving advice. Goodadvice.com Post your problems here and you'll get advice from all over the world. 4 LISTENING & SPEAKING a My best friend wants to borrow some money to help her buy a car. I have the money, and she says she'll pay me back next year. But I'm worried that it's not a good idea to lend money to friends. What should I do? 3 51>)) Listen to someone phoning a radio programme called What's the Problem? W hat is the problem about? Make note in the chart. problem My friend Anna has gone away on holiday for two weeks and I'm looking after her cat. Yesterday I couldn't find the cat anywhere. My friend is coming home in three days. I'm desperate. Should I phone her now and tell her? What should I do? expert's advice caller 1 caller 2 p b Compa re your no tes w ith a partner. What do you thin k the man shou ld do? c 3 52>)) Now listen to an ex pert giving advice and make notes in the chart. Is it the a me as yours? Is it good ad vice? W hy (not)? d 3 53, 54>)) ow repeat for ca ller 2. language for giving advice (I think I don't think) you should ... You shouldn't ... Why don't you ...? You could... b In groups o ffour read your respo nses. Whose ad vice is t he best? 7 3 56 >)) SONG Why Do I Feel So Sad? J' G if+ present, will+ infinitive (first conditional) V confusing verbs P linking If we change queues, this one will move quicker. ..... 1 READING a If you are waiting to check in at the airpo rt and you cha nge que ue , what w ill usua lly ha ppen? b Read the fir t two pa ragraphs of the article a nd check. Who was Murphy? What i hi ' Law'? c O \V look at the eight examples o f Murphy's Law in the article and match them with sentences A- H. A your flight will be delayed. B you will spill wine or coffee on it. C you will find a parking space right in front of it. 0 all the traffic lights will be red. E will have a problem with their credit card. F they will already have a partner. G there will be a hyperactive five-year-old in the seat behind you. H it will work when the shop assistant tries it. d Do any o f the e things o r thin gs like thi ofte n happe n to you? 2 GRAMMAR if+ present, will+ infinitive a In pair , cover A- 1:-1 and look at 1-8 in the text. How m a ny o f the Law ca n you reme mber? b Look at the sente nces agai n . What tense is th e verb after if? What form i th e other verb? c )o- p.l40 Grammar Bank BB. Learn mo re about th e fir r conditio nal and practi se it. d e IT ALWAYS HAPPENS! If you are in a check-in queue and you change to another queue which is moving more quickly, what will happen? The queue you were in before will suddenly start moving faster. What will happen if you take your umbrella because you think it's going to rain later? It won't rain, of course. It will only rain if you forget to take your umbrella. These are examples of Murphy's Law, which says, 'If there is something that can go wrong, it will go wrong'. Murphy's Law took its name from Captain Edward Murphy, an American aerospace engineer from the 1940s. He was trying to improve safety for pilots flying military planes. Not surprisingly, he got a reputation for always thinking of the worst thing that could happen in every situation. Here are some more examples of Murphy's Law. AIR TRAVEL 1 2 D If you get to th e airport ea rly,... If you want to sleep on the plane, ... SHOPPING 3 D 4 :=J If you are in a hurry, the person in front of you ... If you take something that doesn't work back to a shop,... In pair , complete the e Murphy' Law . DRIVING I 2 3 4 5 5 6 If yo u find something in a ho p th at you rea lly like .... lf you ropwa iringfo r a busand tarrwalking, ... If you ca ll a telepho ne company helpline, .. . If you leave your mo bile pho ne at ho me, .. . If you lo e a glove and buy a new pair,... Compa re you r law w ith o ther tudents. Do you have the a me (or imilar)? D [J If you 're late for something important,... If you park a long way from a restaurant,... SOCIAL LIFE 1 D If you are single and you meet somebody at a party who you really like, ... 8 ::] If you wear a new white shirt or dress,... 3 PRONUNCIATION linking p Sound linking Remember t hat if a word f inishes with a consonant and t he next word begins with a vowel, we usually link the words t ogether, e.g. we'll~eat~in~a pub a The Svanstrom family 4 3>)) Li ten a nd repeat the entence . T r y to link the marked wo rds. I IL l see he r~l 'll tell her. 2 We'll go i f~it doesn't rain. 3 IL l get thereJa rly, I' ILorder the food. 4 They' I La rri ve~ tJi ght~iftheir fli ght's~ n time. 5 If you a ren '~i n~ hu r ry, we can wa lk. b 4 4>)) Liste n a nd w rite five m o re sentences. 4 VOCABULARY & SPEAKING confusing verbs a W hat's the difference between k now and meet , and wear a nd carry ? c b )o- p.l60 Vocabulary Bank Confusing verbs. c ~the right verb. Then ask and a nswer with a pa rmer. 4 6 >)) Listen to w hat happe ned to Mr a nd Mrs Sva ns t ro m . M a rk th eir ro ute o n the m ap. What natura l d isaster ha ppened in each place? L Who do you look / look like in your fa mi ly? 2 How ma ny classes have yo u missed / lost this yea r? 3 What gadgets do you always brin[J f take with you w hen you go o n ho liday? 4 Do you thi nk spo rts peo ple win / earn roo much mo ney? 5 What is the be r way tO know { meet new friends? 6 Is it sometimes OK to say / tell a Iie? 5 LISTENING .... a With a pa rtner, think o f t hree thin gs that cou ld go wro ng when you a re o n ho liday. b Match t he wo rds to t heir de finitio ns. I [f) a mo nsoon mm ·-,u:n D an ea rthquake :l:Ok\\~113 D a tsuna mi hu no:mi 4 D a0clone '>llk'vm 2 6 D a blizzard hlt.f:ld/ D a flood tl'\U 7 [l 5 d Lis te n aga in and a nswer the q uestio ns. I 2 3 4 5 How lo ng d id they have to wait at Mu nich ai r port? W hat weather were they expecti ng in Bali? Where were the streets ful l of s mo ke? Where d id they leep in Cairn ? Why did they fl y ro Auck la nd a nd not to C hristchurch in New Zea lan d? 6 What were they doing when the Japanese earthquake struck? 7 W here did they go for the last part of their ho liday? Did a nythin g happe n to them there? a fo rest fire fnJJ'>t 1n A a very bad storm w ith snow and stro ng winds B a very strong wind that moves in a circle C a big fire that can destroy many trees and ho uses D a very large wave in the ea E when it rains very heavily fo r tb ree mo nths or more F when there is too much water in a river and it comes onto the streets or fields G when the gro und suddenly shakes ve ry stro ngly e D o you thin k they were luck y o r u nlucky? Why? iTutor 63 G possessive pronouns V adverbs of manner P sentence rhythm You must be mine. Yes. I'll be yours. 1 READING a You are goi n g to read a nd listen to a s hort tory. Fir t look at the pictur e and answer t he questions . W hat do the people look like? What are t hey wearing? 2 Where a re they? 3 In w ha t century do youth ink the sto ry ta kes place? b 4 7 >)) Read and liste n to Part 1. Then answe r th e questio n with a partner. 2 3 4 5 c BY 0. H E W hat did the de tective gi ve Hartley? What did he o ffe r to do? What did Harrley do when he got the address? Wh at d id Vivie n ne look li ke? Why was Ha rtley a ngry with her? W hy do you think she d id n't answer hi letter? Look at the following wo rds a nd phrases in the story. With a partne r, guess w h a t they mean. moved (line 5) expenses (line 7) t ram (line 12) rang t he bell (line 14) clim b (line 15) RY PART! " I've fo un d where she lives," said the detective quie tl y. " Here is th e address." H a rdey took the piece of paper. On it were the words " Vivienne Arlington, o . 34J East 49th Street." s "She moved th ere a wee k ago," sa id t he d etecti ve. " J ca n follow her if you wa nt. It w ill onl y cost you $7 a d ay and expenses ... " " o . tha nk you," interrupted H a rtley. " I o nl y wanted the address. How muc h is it?" 10 "One day's wo rk," sa id the detecti,·e. " Ten dollars." H a rtley paid t he ma n. Then he left the o ffice and took a tra m to Broadway. After walkin g a hort d istance he a rri ved at the build ing tha t he was looking fo r. Hartley rang the bell. The doo r opened. ,. He went in a nd bega n to climb the sta ir . O n th e fou rth floo r he saw he r sta nding in a n open doo r. Vivienne wa about t wenty-one. H er ha ir was red gold, a nd her eyes were sea-blue. She was wea ring a whi te rop a nd a da rk ki rt. 20 "Vivienne," said Hartley, "you didn 't a nswer my last let te r. It took me a week to find your new address! Why di d n't you a n wer me? Yo u knew I wa wa iting to sec you a nd hear from you." d 4 8 >)) Read a n d li te n to Part 2. T he n ans we r the questions w ith a partner. 2 3 4 5 6 p e Why wasn't Vivienne sure abo ut acceptin g Ha r tley 's offe r? Ho w did Har tley try ro persuade her? Where did Hartley and Vivie nne first mee t? W h at did Hartley th ink was the reason why Vivienne didn 't say yes ro his o ffe r? What do you thi nk Hartley wa nted Vivie n ne ro d o? Who do you think H elo ise is? Adverbs of manner We often use adverbs of manner in writ ing to show how the characters are feeling, behaving, or speaking. Look at t he highlighted ad verbs . W it h a partne r, guess wh a t they mea n . PART2 The gi rl looked our the window dreamil y. "J\lr Harrlcy," she said ~fm, ly, " I do n't know wha t to say to rou. Iunder ra nd all the advanrages of your offer, a nd ometimes I feel sure th at I could be happy w it h you. But, then sometimes l am less sure. I was born a ci t y girl, a nd I am nor ure that I would enjoy li vi ng a quiet life in the uhurh ." "My dear girl," sa id Hartley, "You will have every th ing that you wa nr. You can come to the ciry for rhe rhea rre, for hopping, and to vi it you r fri ends as often as you wanr. You ca n trust me, can't you?" "I can trust you completely," she said, smiling a t him. "I know you are the kindest o f men, and thar rhe girl who you get wi ll be very lucky. I hea rd all abou t you when I was ar the J\ltonrgomerys'." "Ah! " excla imed Ha nley, " I remember o well the evening I first saw you at the Momgomerys'. I will never forger rhar dinner. Come on, Vi\'ienne, promise me. I wam you. obody el e wi ll ever give you such a happy home." Vivienne didn't answer. uddenly Ha rtley was u piciou . " Tell me, Vivien ne," he asked, "is there- is there omeonc else?" 3 LISTENING a Wha t did Ha rtley say about Heloise? 2 W h at did Vivie nne promise to do? 3 W ho do you th in k the lady in the wh ite d ress is ? b 2 W ho was Vivien ne? 3 W ho was H eloise? c Vil'ien ne looked him in the eye. Did t h e en d ing sur prise yo u ? W hy (not)? 4 GRAMMAR possessive pronouns a Look a t som e ex t racts fro m the story. Com p le te t he m w ith my, mine, your, or yours. I ' Vivien ne, you didn 't an wer _ _ last letter.' 2 ' I understa nd all t he advantages of _ _ o ffe r.' 3 ' Vivienne ... you m ust b e _ _ .' 4 ' My answer is yes. I w ill be _ _ .' b > c 4 13 >)) Lis te n . Say t h e sente n ces w ith a possessive pronoun . mme. "Do you think for one moment," he aid calmly, "that I could come to your home while H eloise i there?" 4 11 >)) Listen to Part 4 of the s to ry. I Who was t he lady? ''You houldn 't ask rhar, Mr. H artley," she said. " But I will tell you. There is o ne o ther person - bu t I haven't promised him anything." ·' Vi,·icnne," aid Hartley, masterfully. " You must be . , 4 10 >)) Listen to Pa rt 3 of t h e s to ry. A nswer the questio n s. p.l40 Grammar Bank BC. Learn mo re about possessive prono uns a nd prac ti e the m . >)) It's my book. 0 's mine. 5 WRITING using adverbs a Ma ke ad verbs fro m the follo wing adjecti ves. angry lazy b 2 PRONUNCIATION sent ence rhythm a quiet sad serious slow 4 14>)) Listen to som e lines fro m stories. Add a n adverb from a afte r 'said' to sh ow h ow th e person i s s peaking. I ' I'm sorry, but I don 't love you ,' he said _ _ . ~9 >)) Liste n tothe la r five linesofPa r r2. W ha tte ll 2 ' G ive me back all my le t ters,' she said _ _ . the spea kers .. .? 3 ' I t hink .. . I h ave a n idea,' he said _ _ . a where to pause 4 'Don't m ake a noise. Everyone is asleep ,' she said 5 ' [ do n't feel like doing a nythi ng,' he said _ _ . 6 'Th is is a very im portant matter,' she said _ _ . b in what way to say t he d ialogue p Reading aloud Reading stories or poems aloud gives you the opportunit y to focus on pronunciation, especially sentence rhythm. b )>-Communication Reading dialogue p.l 04 . P ractise readi ng th e d ia logue w ith a pa rtn e r. c In pairs, wr ite a s ho rt scen e between H artley's w ife and H e lo ise, w h e n s he is t ell in g t he cook to leave. Include at least t wo adverbs o f ma nne r after said. GRAMMAR b Complete with a verb from the list. enjoy finish Q a , b,orc. 1 I need some emails. a to answer b answer c answering 2 The situation is difficult _ __. a for explain b explain c to explain 3 I don't know what a do b to do c that I do 4 I don't really mind ___ housework. a do b to do c doing 5 is one of the best form s of exercise. a Swiming b Swimm ing c Swim 6 ___ bring our books tomorrow? a Do we have to b Have we to c Do we must 7 It's free. You _ __ pay. a don't have to b mustn't c haven't to 8 You must ___ your gra ndmother. a to call b calling c call 9 You drink so much coffee. a not should b don't should c shouldn't 10 I think you should ___ to her about it. a to talk b talk c talking II If she ___, she won't come back. a goes b went c ' II go 12 If they don't come soon, we _ __ them. a don't see b won't see c aren't see 13 Call me ifyou ___ a taxi. a won't find b don't find c didn't find 14 A Whose book is that? B It's ___ . a my b mine book c mine 15 She forgot his birthday, but he didn't forget ___ . a her b she c hers VOCABULARY a @ l 2 3 4 5 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 c hate learn mind promise try Don't ___ to turn off the light before you go. I want to ___ to speak Italian. Can you ___ to make less noise, please? l ___ to pay you back next week. I rea lly ___ making cakes. Do you ___ waiting here until I'm ready? My parents are very punctual - they ___ being late. When are you going to ___ using the computer? I need it! Complete the modifiers. 1 2 3 4 5 A Howare you? B V ___ well, thanks.And you? I was in ___ lucky - I won£ I00. She's a b ___ tired - she needs to rest. You're driving r ___ fast - slow down! My bag is q___ heavy because I've got my laptop in it. d Complete the Bet phrases. 1 We didn't have satnav in the car and we got ___ on the way home from Edinburgh. 2 I'm always rea lly hungry when I get ___ fro m school. 3 She was very ill, bur luckily she's getting _ _ _ . 4 We got two _ __ for the theat re to see a show. 5 I get ___ very well with my brothers and sisters. 6 T hey were married for ten years, but six months ago they got ___. 7 I got a text ___ from Carol. She says she's goi ng to be late. PRONUNCIATION a @ the word w ith a different sound . &e mine fi nd right give 2 i win fit child promise 3 .ij, choose cou ld would look 4 J$ should impres~ i o n dictionary sandwich ear n wea r lear n heard the right verb. When did you know I meet your husband? Did you tell I say Mark about the party? If we don't run, we'll miss I lose the train! I really wait I hope she's passed the exam . My mother always carries I wears a lor of jewellery. forget 5 ~ b Underline the stressed syllable. 1 pre rend 2 im por rant 3 re mem ber 4 sa Ia ry 5 qui et ly CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT? a Read the article o nce. What does Michael think is the main reason the British aren't good at s peaking languages? [I CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE? 4 15 >)) In the s t r e e t Watch or listen to five people and answer the questio ns . b Read the article again a nd tick the reasons why, accord ing to the w riter, the British are bad at languages. 0 British people rarely travel abroad . 2 D English is an internatio nal language. 3 0 Britis h people who live abroad often find the local language roo difficult to learn . 4 D British people who live abroad often do n't socia lise with the local peo ple. 5 0 6 D Many British seconda ry school pupils do n't study a Language teachers in British schools are not very good. foreign lang uage. 7 0 8 D British people do n't wa nt to waste mo ney learning British children do n't know enough abo ut their own g rammar. languages. c Look at the highlig hted words o r p h rases in the text . G uess their meaning fro m the context. C heck w it h your teache r or with a d ictio nar y. Why are the British so bad at learning Languages? Michael Reece has lived and worked in France for fifteen years. ~ ~ he British are bad at speaking foreign Languages. It's a fact. In any city around Europe you can find British ~ tourists asking for the restaurant menu in English. At best they will t ry to say a couple of phrases they have Learnt from a phrase book. bu t they will stop mak1ng an effort the moment they discover the waiter knows a little English. St acey Heba Ruth Ben Nick l Stacey th in ks that hap piness is having ___. a so mewhere n ice to live a nd a lo t of friends b a lot of money and a close fa mily c a reaso nable amount of money and fr iends and fa m ily 2 Heba ___. a s pea ks a little Ara bic and a little French b s peaks Arabic and French very well c s peaks Arabic well and a little French 3 If Ruth has relatio nship problem s, she ta lks to _ _ _ . a her friends b her mother c her mother and her friends 4 Ben th in ks peo ple who have problems sleeping sho uld _ __ . a d rink less coffee and do mo re exercise b do physical wo rk befo re going to bed c dri n k less coffee and try to relax mo re 5 ick thin ks that Americans a re bad at lear ning la nguages because ___. a they do n't wa nt to lea rn lang uages b they fi nd learnin g lang uages too di fficult c they aren't interested in travell ing abroa d • I read a survey once which found that only 5% of British people could count to 20 in another Language. So why is this? I think Laziness is possibly the key factor. There is a general feeling among British people that 'everyon e speaks English nowadays so it's not worth Learning other Languages'. In multinational companies English is often the official Language of communication w ithin the company. Also, British people w ho Live abroad can alw ays find other British expatriates to tal k to. to watch British TV with , even to go to British pubs with- all reasons for never bothering to Learn the Local Language. The situation in British schools doesn't help. Ten years ago, about 80% of children at secondary school studied a foreign Language. Today. that number has gone down to 4 8%. And even the few pupils who study foreign Languages at school don't have as many hours of classes as pupils in other European countries. I think it is also a problem that British children don't study English grammar any more, which makes it more difficult for them to Learn the grammar of another Language. CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH? D o the tasks wi t h a partner. T ick(.!) the box if you ca n do them. Can you .. . ? 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 6 []I 0 0 talk about somethi ng yo u would like to lea rn to do, a nd someone you think would be interes ting to meet talk about three th ings you like, love, a nd hate doing talk abo ut the ru les in your (la ng uage) school using must and have to give someo ne advice about learn ing English using should and shouldn't remember th ree o f Mu r phy's Laws in English say two true sentences using mine and yours Short films Learning a lang uage Wat ch and enjoy a f ilm on iTutor. G if+ past, would+ infinitive (second conditional) V animals P word stress I'd run away. 1 READING & SPEAKING a Read the quiz questio ns and a nswers . Complete each question w ith a n animal fro m the list. bee bull dog jellyf ish shark snake b Look at the hi ghlighted ve rbs and verb phrases. Wit h a partne r, try to guess their mea ning from the context. c Read the quiz again a ndQ a nswers, a, b, o r c. you r d )1- Communication Would you know what to do? A p.l04 B p.lOB C p.ll O. Read t he answers to o ne sectio n and tell the others. Did you all choose the right answers? Would you know what to do? We all love seeing animals on TV and in zoos. But some animals can be dangerous. If you met one in real life, would you know the right thing to do? Read about some common and some less common situations. Would you know what to do? e H ave you ever been in any of these situatio ns? What d id you do? 2 GRAMMAR if+ past, would+ inf initive a Look at questions 1-6 again. Are they about a past situatio n or an imag ined future situat ion? What tense is the verb after if? b )1- p.l42 Grammar Bank 9A . Learn mo re about the second cond itio na l and practise it. c Complete t he sentences so that they are true for you. Compare wit h a partner. 1 Ifi had five extra hours every week,.. . 2 I would be very happy if... 3 If I could live a nywhere in the world, ... 4 I would learn English more quickly if... 5 Iff won a lot of money in the lottery, ... 3 VOCABULARY animals a )1- p.l61 Vocabulary Bank Animals. b 4 18>)) Listen. Which animals can you hear? In the city What would you do ... . .. if a large aggressive _ _ _ ran towards you? a I w ould shout ' dow n' at it several times. b I would put my hands in my po c ket s and walk slowly backwa rds. c I w ould keep completely still and look at it in its eyes . 2 What wou ld you do ... . . . if you were driving and a _ __ flew into the car? a I would open all the wi ndow s and wait f or it to fly o ut. b I would try to kill it w ith a ma p or a newspaper. c I would wave my hand t o ma ke it go out . 4 PRONUNCIATION word stress In the country p 3 What would you do ... ... if a poisonous bit you on the leg, and you were more than 30 minutes from the nearest town? a Look at the animal words below. Can you rem ember w hich sylJable is stressed? Underl ine it. a I would put something very cold on it, like a water bottle . b I would suck the bite to get the poison out. c I would t ie something, e.g. a scarf on my leg above the bite . 4 What would you do ... ... if you were in the middle of a field and a _ __ started running towards you? a I would run to the gate . b I would throw something (e.g. a hat or a bag) in another direction . c I would shout and wave my arms. Stress in words that are similar in other languages Some words in English, e.g. for animals, are similar t o t he same words in other languages, but the stress is often in a different place . ca mel era co dile dol phin e le phant gi raffe kan ga roo li on mo squi to b 4 19 >)) Listen and check. A re any of these words similar in your language? ls the tress in the sa me place? c In pairs. a k and answer the questio ns. I vV hat's the most dangerous animal in your country? 2 lfyouwenr ona safa r i,whata nimalwoulcl youmo t like to see? 3 W hat's your favourite fil m about an animal? 4 W hat's your favour ite cartoon animal? 5 Are there any animals or insect you a re really afraid of? 6 Do you (or did you) have a pet? What? 7 Are you allergic to any ani mals or insects? 8 If you could be a n an imal , which a nima l would you like to be? 5 SPEAKING Wo rk in groups of th ree. Ta ke turns to choose a questio n a nd ask the others in the group. Then an swer it yourself. What would you do... ... if you saw a mouse in your kit chen? ... if you saw somebody being attacked by a dog? ... if a bird or a bat flew into your bedroom? ... if you saw a large spider in the bath? ... if it was a very hot day and you were on a beach that was famous for shark attacks? 5 What would you do ... ... if you were in the sea and a ... if someone offered to buy you a fur coat? ... if your neighbour's dog barked all night? _ _ stung you? a I would rub the sting with a towel to clean it. b I would•wash the sting w ith fresh water. ... if a friend asked you to look after their cat or dog for the weekend? c I would wash the sting with v inegar or sea water. ... if you went to somebody's house for dinner and t hey gave you ...? 6 What would you do ... .. . if you were in the sea quite near the shore and you saw a ? a I would swim to the shore as quickly and quietly as possible . b I would float and pretend to be dead. c I would shout for help. a horse meat p b goat c kangaroo Talking about imaginary situations I think I'd (probably) ... I (definitely) wouldn't... I don't think I'd... G present perfect + for and since V phobias and words related to fear P sentence stress c 1 VOCABULARY the noun made from the adjecti ve afraid _ _ _ __ 2 one adjecti ve which means very afraid 3 two synonyms for afra id _ _ _ __ phobias and words related to fear a Look at the picture. How many things can you see th at some people have a phobia of? b Look at the na mes of five phobias. Match them to explanations A-E. ac rophobia 2 .1\.goraphobia A D B [l C D E =:J [l D 3 g!Qssophobia 4 claustrophobia 5 arachnophobia Read the ex planations again. Find in the texts ... 2 LISTENING & SPEAKING a 4 20 >)) Listen to three people talking about their phobias. A nswer questio n 1 for each person. 3 People with this phobia are terrified of spiders. Rupert Grint, the actor who played Ron Weasley in the Harry Potter f ilms, has this phobia. and so does his cha racter Ro n. 1 What is he I she afraid of? 2 When did it start? This phobia can have a severe effect on sufferers' Lives. These people are frightened of being in open and public spaces Like shops and busy streets. They often feel panic when they go out and only feel safe at home. People wi t h this phobia are afraid of being in closed spaces Like Lifts, or t ravelling o n t he underground. This phobia can make Life very difficul t for peopl e who Live and wo rk in cities. People who suffer from this phobia are scared of heights, and they get very nervous if they have to go up high, for example on a ski Lift o r if they are on a balcony on the 20th f loor. People with this phobia suffer from a fear of public speaking. They get very nervous if they have to speak in front of other people, for example at work or in class or at a conference. The actor Harrison Ford has been afraid o f public speaking all his Life. He even gets nervous when a character in a film he is making has to make a speech . 3 How does it affect his I her life? b Liste n again a nd a nswe r questio ns 2 a nd 3 for each person. Which per o n do you think is most affected by their phobia? c Ask a nd answer with a partner. Which of the phobias in this lesson do you think is the most irrational? 2 Which do you think ma kes the sufferers' lives most complicated? 3 Do you or anyone you know have a phobia? W hen and how did it start? How does it affect your or their lives? My brother is really afraid of flying. He gets very nervous before he flies somewhere. It started about ten years ago when ... 3 GRAMMAR present perfect + for and since a Look at this extract fro m the fi rs t inter view in 2 . A nswer the questio ns. 'How long have you had this phobia?' 'I've had it for about 40 years. Since I was 12 years old.' 6 READING a D o you know of a ny kinds o f treatm ent fo r peo ple who h ave pho bias? b Read the text and ma rk the sentences T (rrue) o r F (fa lse). l When did she begin to be afraid ofbats? 2 Ls she afraid of bats now? 3 What tense do we use to talk abo ut someth ing that started in the past a nd is sti ll true now? 4 Complete the r ule with for o r since. Use _ _ with a per iod of time. Use _ _ with a point in time. I 30% of peo ple have some ki nd of phobia. 2 Docto rs have created a new d rug to cure pho bias. 3 In exposure therapy people learn to relax when they are exposed to something they are afraid of. 4 Exposure therapy is always s uccessful. 5 T he d rug affects the way people learn and remember th ings. 6 T he study showed that the dru g helped people to lose their fea r. b ~ p.l42 Grammar Bank 98. Lea rn mo re abo ut the present perfect+ fo r a nd since, a nd practise it. 4 22>)) Listen a nd say the phrase w ith for o r since. c >)) 1984 0ince 1984 Scared of spide Take this pill. 4 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress here are many different kinds of phobias and they affect at least a quarter of the population. But doctors believe that they may soon have a cure. They have discovered that a drug, which is given to patients suffering from tuberculosis, can also help people to overcome their phobias. T 23 >)) Listen a nd repeat. Copy the _ilittlun . a 1 for ten years ---7 worked here for ten years ---7 I've worked here for ten years. 2 since 2002 ---7 lived here since 2002 ---7 We've lived here since 2002. 3 known him ---7 have you known him ---7 How long have you known him? b The normal treatment for people with strong phobias is some kind of exposure therapy. The most commonly used exposure therapy involves gradually exposing people to the object or situation that produces the fear. For example, if you have a dentist phobia, you might first sit in the waiting room of a dent ist, then talk to the dentist, and the n sit in the dentist's chair. These exposures are combined with relaxation techniques. 24 >)) Listen a nd write fi ve sentences. 5 SPEAKING a Look at the question s be low. What two tenses are they? What ar e the missing wo rds? However, exposure therapy does not work for everybody, and doctors think that the new drug, which causes changes to a part of the brain which is used in learning and memory, could be used in the future to make this therapy more effective. Michael Davis at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia did a study with 30 acrophobics - people who are scared of heights- and put them in a glass lift that appeared to go up and down. The people who were given the pill felt much less afraid then those who took a placebo. Name have I a pet? How long I it? I a bike ? How long I it? live I in a modern flat ? How long I there? I near this school ? How long I t he re? know I anybody from another country? How long I him (her)? be I a fan of a football team? How long I a fa n? I a member of a club or organization? How long I a member? I married? How long I married? b Move aro u nd the class a nd ask o ther s tude nts. lft hey a nswer Yes, f do o r Yes, I am to the first q uestio n , ask the seco nd questio n . T ry to find a d ifferent perso n fo r each q uestio n . c W ith a pa rtner, g uess the m eani ng of the highlighted wo rds a nd ph rases. d W h at s tages of exposure therapy do you th ink could be used fo r a som eone w ith a) arachno pho bia b) claustro pho bia? G present perfect or past simple? (2) V biographies P word stress, b :/ 1 VOCABULARY & PRONUNCIATION biographies, word stress, /-:J:/ a 4 25 >)) Look at the highlighted words in the list be low. Which syllable i stressed ? Listen and check. Events in your life beborn marry sb I get married go to primary school have children go to secondary school D C D D D b D go to university D D leave school D D separate 0 getajob [l get divorced reti re fall in love O die umber the expressions in wh at you think is the most logical order. Compare with a partner. D o you ag ree? c I~ horse I born divorced fall I d Practise say ing these words . C ircle the ones w it h the b :/ sound . more work world small walk worse t alk ball form bought four word e 4 27 >)) Listen and check. What rule can you see for words w ith war + con o na nt? 2 READING a Look at the photos of Bob a nd Z iggy Marley a nd read the introduction. Have yo u heard the ir music? D o yo u like it? 11I 2_.L_I_ Ll b Read ten facts about the live of the t wo men. In pa irs, decide which fi ve a re about Bob Marley (BM) a nd w hich five are a bout Z iggy Marley (ZM). c Work in pairs. A re-read the facts about Bo b Ma rley and B about Z iggy Marley. C lose your books a nd tell your partner wh at you can re mem ber. I He and three of his brothers and ,_..~...-_...J sisters formed a band called The Melody Makers, and they played at their fat her's funeral. _,I He had eleven children with several different women. However, he only married one of them, Rita Marley in 1966. 3--L..I_ __JI He has been a musician since he was ten, when his father bought him his first guitar. L.l 4_1,____;1 He has lived in Miami for many ' I - 3 GRAMMAR present perfect or past simple? (2) a A nswer the questions. Look at the fi ve facts about Bob Marley. W hat tense are a ll the verbs? W hy? 2 Look at the fi ve facts about Ziggy Ma rley. What th ree tenses are there? W hy? b years with his wife Orly, and they have three children. > p.l42 Grammar Bank 9C. Learn mo re a bout the di ffere nce between the present perfect and the past simple , a nd practise it. Is_,_ '- ! _ _,I He has won four Gram my awards for his music, including Best Reggae Album. 16 '-_,_1--'1 He injured his foot playing football and he later became ill with cancer. He died four years later aged 36. 4 LISTENING a Look at the photos of another famous father and son, Julio and Enrique, who are both singe rs. What's their surna me? Who do you think is more famous? 1 Madrid 1975 - - - - - - - , 5 'Escape' 2001 4 'Enrique Iglesias' 1995 7 100 million b You are going to listen to a radio programme about Enrique. Look at the information. Befo~·e you listen , guess what the connectio n is to him. 0hink he was born in fv1adrid in 1975. c 4 29 >)) ow liste n and make notes. Compare with a partner. d Do you think Z iggy and Enrique have been successful because of their surnames, or because they are genuinely talented? Do you think it's common for children to wa nt to do the same job a their parents? 5 SPEAKING & WRITING a Think abo ut an o lder person , a frie nd o r a member of your family, who is alive and who you know well. Prepare to a nswer the questio ns below about their life a nd to tell your pa rtne r any other inte resting info rmation about them. The past • I7_,1_-----'1He was born in a small village in L- Jamaica. His father was a captain in the British army. lsi I He was born in Kingston, Jamaica in L--'----' 191 I His music was very influenced by L--'----' 1101 1968 and he was 13 years old when his father died. His father's last words to him were 'Money can't buy you life.' social problems in his homeland, Jamaica. made eleven albums. His most famous songs included No Woman, No Cry, Three Little Birds, and I Shot the Sheriff The present • Where I live now? • Where I born? • How tong I live there? • What I do after (he I she) leave school? (e.g. get a j ob, go to university, get married, have children, etc.) • What I do? (job) How long ...? • • What/ do in (his I her) f ree t ime? Do you think (he I she) has had a good life? Why (not)? b Interview you r partner about his f her per o n. Ask for more information. Do your two peo ple have anythi ng in common? I'm going to tell you about my grandmothe~ 0 hen was she born? c I With his band, The Wailers, he L--'----' When I born? > p.l16 Writ ing A biography. Write a biography of a person you know, or a famous person. 6 4 30 >)) SONG You're fv1y #l J1 iJutor 73 Getting around 1 ~ HOLLY AND ROB IN BROOKLYN 2 VOCABULARY directions a Look at the pictures and com plete the phrases. 1 Turn _ __ 2 Go on. 3 Ta ke the _ _ _ turni ng on the right. 4 Turn right at the _ _ _ lights. 5 Go round the _ _ _ and take the third exir. b 3 a 4 32 l)) Listen a nd check. ASKING HOW TO GET THERE 33l)) Cover the dialogue and watch or listen. Mark Rob's route o n the m ap. B a 4 3l l)) Watch or listen to Rob a nd Ho lly. Ma rk the sentences T (true) or F (fa lse). 1 2 3 4 5 6 C Rob has just done an interview. He is in a hurry. He has another interview in Ma nhattan. He has another coffee. Barbara phones Rob. T he restaurant is booked for 7 o'clock. British and American English rest room= American English; toilet= British English the subway = American English; the underground= British English b Watch o r listen agai n. Say why the F sentences a re false. R OO KL YN b Watch o r listen aga in . Complete the You H ear phrases. You Say Q How do I get to Greenwich Village on the subway? How many stops is that? Go to the subway station at Prospect Park. the 8 train to West 4th Street. Six or seven. From West 4th Street take the A train, and get at 14th Street. Could you say that again? OK. From Prospect Park take the 8 train to West 4th Street, and then take the A train to 14th Street. That's only one Come out of the subway on Eighth Avenue, go _ _ __ on for about 50 yards and take the left. That's Greenwich Avenue. The restaurant's on the - --=======::_ 'l_::_· t's:::_..::.:ca::.:,:lled The Tea Set. OK, thanks. See you later. And don't get _ _ __ a I W hat excuse does Rob give fo r being late? 2 How lo ng has Jen ny wa ited for him? 3 What does Rob suggest they do? 4 Wh at does Jen ny say that Rob could do? 5 Who is Rob interested in: Holly o r Jenny? phrases. Copy t he rhythm . d Practi e the dia logue w ith a pa rtne r. Ln pa irs, ro leplay the d ia logue. A B is at Prospect Park. C hoose a destinatio n o n the "'\,.35 >)) Watch o r li ste n to Ro b and Jenny. Is the date a s uccess? b Watch o r li ste n agai n a nd a nswer the questio ns. c 4 3 4 >)) Watch o r listen and repeat the You Say e • ROB IS LATE ... AGAIN >)) You Hear OK. And then? Where's the restaurant? 4 c Look at the Social English phrases. Ca n you rem ember a ny of the missing words? subway map. G ive B directio ns. You starr with Go to t:he subway station at .... Social English phrases Rob I'm so _ _ __ B Follow A's directio ns, and tell A which ubway stop you have a rri ved at. Were you right? Rob I f Swap roles. ~ke I'm sorry. Jenny 1 don't want to _ _ __ here any more. Jenny I don't ____ like a walk. the A train to... Then ... Jenny It's been a _ _ __ day. Jenny I didn't to say that. d 4 36 >)) Watch o r listen a nd complete the phrases. e Watch o r listen aga in a nd repeat the phr ases. How do you say them in you r la ng uage? • Can you ...? D give and understand direct ions in t he street D give and underst and directions for using public transport D apologize G passive V verbs: invent, discover, etc. P ~f/, -ed, sentence stress I t hink it was invent ed by a woman. Are you sure? 1 LISTENING a Loo k at the pho tos. Five of these t h ings were invented by women. In pai rs, decide wh ich fi ve you t hink they are. b 4 37 >)) Now listen to a rad io programme abo ut inventions. Were you r ig ht? Complete the sentences w it h t he inventio n. I T he _ _ _ _ _ was invented by JosephineCochra ne in 1886. 2 were invented by M ary Anderson in 1903. 3 were invented by Marion Donovan in 1950. 4 was invented by Bette Nesmi th Graha m in 1956. 5 T he was invented by Stephanie Kwolek in 1966. c Listen again and a nswer the quest io ns. W hat happened after Jose phi ne Coch ra ne's d inner parties? 2 W hat was th e problem with ca rs in 1903 when it rained o r snowed? 3 How many disposable nappies a re used every day? 4 What was Bette esmith Gra ha m's job? 5 What was s pecial about the material Stephanie Kwolek invented? d Which of the five inventions do you think was t he best? 2 GRAMMAR pass1ve a Make fi ve true sente nces using the words in the chart. The dishwasher is called Tipp-Ex today. Disposable nappies was invent ed by Marion Donovan. More than 55 million nappies are protect e d every day. Mrs Graham's invention were invented by the bullet-proof vest. Policemen all over the world are used by an American woman. T he dishwasher was invented by an American woman. b Look at t he two sentence below and answer the q uestions. a An Amer ican woman invented the dishwasher. b The d is hwasher was invented by an American woma n. Do the sentences have the same meaning? 2 In which sentence i the foc us more o n the dishwasher? 3 In which cntence is the focus more on the woman? c > p.l44 Grammar Bank lOA. Learn m o re about the passive a nd practise it. 3 READING & VOCABULARY Di(J you know...? verbs: invent, discover, etc. a March the ve rbs to the dictio na ry definitio ns . 0 ne of the most famous logos i n the world is the Nike logo. It was 1 by an America n st udent, Carolyn Davidson , in 1971. Ms Davidson was only paid $35 dollars for her design. However, she was a gold ri ng later 2 in the shape of the logo and Nike shares. base design discover invent _ _ _ verb to find o r learn srh fo r the first time, e.g. 0 A was- in 1953. 2 verb to make sth us ing sth else as a sta rtin g point, e.g. Thisfil m is- 0 11 a true story. 3 verb to draw a plan wh ich shows how to make sth, e.g. The buildiii[J was- by a German architect. 4 verb to make o r rh ink of srh fo r the first t ime, e.g. Who - the bicycle? b Com plete the 'D id you know. . . ?' text w ith the past participle of a verb fro m the li st. base call design discover give invent open play show use c Read the text aga in. O ne o f the piece of info r ma tio n is not true. W hich o ne do you think it is? W 4 PRONUNCIATION Iff, -ed, sentence stress a 4 39 >)) Listen a nd repeat t he words a nd o unds. ~ shower dishwasher inventio n s pecia l washing mach ine b W hat fo ur ways ca n yo u see for s pe lling the /f/ sound? W h ich o ne do yo u t hink is nor ty pica l? Go to the Sound Bank p.167 a nd check. c How is -ed prono unced in these past participles? Put them in the right column. based called ere a ted de signed di rec ted di lsco vered in vented pain ted pro duced used 1t, dog ~ tie inned food was 3 in 1810 i n Britain by Peter Durand. Unfortunately, he did not also invent a ti n with difficulty opener, so tins were 4 using a knife and a hammer. It wasn't until nearly so years Later that the American Ezra Warner invented the tin opener. T lid/ hen people at toy company Parker the Brothers were first 5 board game 'Monopoly', they were not interested. They said it had 52 fundamental errors, including taking too long to play. However, a few days later the company president saw the game and took it home to try it. He stayed up until 1 a.m. to finish playing it, and the next day he wrote to the inventor, Charles Darrow, and offered to buy it! T he modern game of golf was invented in Scotland in the 18th century. It was originally only 6 by 'golf' men, and was 7 because of the rule Gentlemen Only Ladies Forbidden . This is how the word golf entered into the English language. d 4,/40 >)) Listen a nd check. Underline the s t ressed syllable in each multi-syllable verb. otox was first 8 i n 1985 to correct strabismus (lazy eye) in children. The possibility of using it to make people's faces look 20 years later. younger was only 9 e 4 41 >)) Listen a nd w ri te s ix sentence . T hen listen aga in and repeat. Copy the .iliy_thm . T 5 SPEAKING )--Communication Passives quiz A p. l OS B p.109. Ma ke sentences fo r yo ur pa rtner to decide if they ar e true o r fa lse. B he character Gregory House in the hit TV series on Conan Doyle's detective House M.D. is 10 Sherlock Holmes. Like Holmes, House uses his intelligence and knowledge of psychology to solve cases. House's relationship with his friend Dr James Wilson is similar to that between Holmes and his friend , Dr John Watson, and the address on his driving licence is 221B Baker St, a direct reference to Holmes's address. _j lftmtora ~l G used to V school subject s P used to I didn't use to Yes, I did. I used to have a great t ime. 1 VOCABULARY school subject s 2 GRAMMAR used to a Read the repo rt a nd m atch the subjects and pictures. a When you were at school did you get a re port at the end of every term or yea r? Were they usually good or bad? Did yo u always show them to your parent ? SW2]ect Mark 0 art CJ {Qniqn fill1CJUiil!fe-5 <Enaiish. e-tr) 0 CJ!QfJYClpnCj 0 i1.lStO~ b59 72 ·u 81-> 44· . [l IT (• inronnation tt!hflQ/oq!f) 50' o 0 /ittrat~fn 5 ~ [ ' mlilihs 0 0 b Read some extracts from Could do better, a collection o f famo us British people's school reports. Are t he comments posit ive o r negat ive? 420/ Pf ( ph~sica/ eaumtion) 78. :J; sue-net (~sics. chemistnj. ~mel brQioq!f) b• Behaviour Lli!Ziflill1d t.mtid!f Talks a lot in class D .. ·, 11 1 +2 3 == •·l< 't 2/+·f~ !~i' '~ ~~ t.t'<':'. ~tk. reDJ.s I..I..)(21.L o.N:J.. €)o(:f"!ESSC25 ~Q..{f welt, CJ,.JV! is 8ooJ... o1: a.r~~e­ \oW= .e.oerj~ ~ ~<;:., Ls '5~ ~ ~!> cdti~ ad IU€. \oaJ. loe.h..tunou.r. Ken Follett best-selling author of The Pillars of the Earth Sk.e MM s-t- -f"rtJ rn be, LL.-ss ~ot-itnt_~ . . . wi+k ~+hevs . Princess Diana b mother of Princes William and Harry 4 42 >)) Listen and check. c Look at the repo rt again . W hat do marks and behaviour mea n? d Did you have a ny other subjects at prima ry o r secondary school? W hich subjects were you ... ? a good at b OK at c bad at I was very bad at math=l p goodat We use at after good and bad to t alk about our abilit ies, e.g. I was very bad at mat hs. I'm very good at cooking. politician, Prime Minister during the Second World War 1940-45 c Read the ext racts aga in a nd match th e people to enrence 1-5. Write KF, JL , PD, WC,or HF. didn't u e to get to school on time. used to make the other children laugh. wa clever. but didn't use to behave well. used to u every complicated vocabul ary. used to cry a lo t at school. I 2 3 4 5 3 PRONUNCIATION used to I didn't use to Ip a Pronouncing used to When we say used to or (didn't) use to we link the two words together. They are both pronounced ju:'>t:l . 4 44 >)) Li te n a nd und erlin e th e stre ed words. The n li ten and repeat. I He used to hate school. d Look at senrence 1- 5 again. Does used to refer to ... ? 2 I used robe good at French . 3 T hey d idn't use to behave wel l. I a the pre ent 4 S he d idn't use to wear glasses. b the pa t 2 a things that happened o nce b things that happened repeated ly 5 Did you u e to wa lk to school? e )>- p.l44 Grammar Bank 108. Learn more about used to and practise it. b I S .. . 01 cAO\SG cA. C7l.A./ v-. ct,n,o{ ,· V'\ 4 46 >)) Li sten to six people ta lking about their me mories of school. Write ./ if they liked it, ~ if they didn't li ke it, a nd./~ if they liked som e things but no t others. IL VV0\5-f-e._.s oMe.-r pup-il cs' --n'r"Y\e. . John Lennon ow listen a nd write six mo re senrence 4 LISTENING a -f-4 e.. 4 45 >)) 2 30 4= 5 [_ 6 ] b Liste n again a nd a nswer the questio ns. Who ... ? musician, member of the Beatles 1960-69 0 0 0 0 0 0 didn't like being at a sa me-sex school didn't use to study a lo t, but got good marks had a very good physics teacher hated do ing sport liked o ne school, bur not another used to read a lot at school c Do you identify w it h a ny of the speakers? Why? 5 SPEAKING a T hink about w hen you were at primary o r second ary chool. Prepare your answe rs to the ques ti o n below. T hink of examples you could give. Did you u se to ... ? • be d isorga nized o r very o rga ni zed • be late for school o r on time • get a lot of ho mework or a little • have a teacher you really liked usc be a good o r a bad student wea r a u nifor m have a teacher you hated have a nick name b Work in g ro ups of three. A tell B a nd C about how you used to be. B and C li ten and a k for more in format ion. T he n swa p roles. Did you have anything in commo n? Subject: English H~, mua~ lu,.tL • • • • ntJt: ~ ( suc.t /l.trwu;y ta"Ju':!e.· Helen Fielding author of Bridget Jones's Diary ~ ~;;d to be very disorganized, for example left my books or my sports clothes at home. ~en 6 4 47 >)) SONG ABC ~ G might V word building: noun formation P diphthongs d 4 49 >)) Adri an p ho nes T ina late r. W hat happens? e Und erli ne the verb p h ra e in t he d ia lo g ue with mi[J ht. D o we use t hem fo r .. . ? I an o bligatio n f OR 2 a po s ibility )o- p.144 Grammar Bank lOC. Lea rn m o re abo u t m i[Jht and p ract ise it. g Take turns to ask and an swer the questio ns belo w. Use I'm no t sure. / m i[Jht. .. and give two po s ibi lit ie each ti me. What are you goi~g ) ( l'fT! ~ot sure. I migh t go home or I to do after cia~ ~t go shopping. What about you? 1 2 3 4 5 W hat a re you going to do after class? W hat are yo u go ing to have for d inner to night? W hat are you go ing to do on Saturday night? W here are yo u going ro havelunch o n S u nday? W here are you go ing ro go for your next holiday? 2 PRONUNCIATION diphthongs a 1 GRAMMAR might a D o you k now an ybo d y who is ver y indecis ive? W hat is he f she indecisive about? b 4 48 >)) Cover the dialo g ue and listen . W hat does Ad ria n d ecide in t he end ? c Listen aga in a nd com plete the d ialog ue . b Look at the other word . W hich o ne ha a d ifferent sound ? &lS bike 2 Tina Hi, Adrian. Adrian Oh. Hi, Tina. T It's Alice's party tonight . You are going, aren't you? A I don't know. I'm not sure. I might , but I might T A T A T A T A not . I can't decide. Oh, come on. It'll be good. Lots of Alice's friends are going t o be t here. You might _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Yes, t hat's true... OK. I'll go then. Great. Shall we get a taxi there? No, I'll take my car... No, wait . It might _ _ __ _ _ _ _ to park. Let's get a taxi. Fine. What t ime s hall I get t he taxi for? 9.30? Yes ... No... Listen. I'll t ake my car. I'll pick you up at 9.00. Are you sure about that? Yes, I'm sure ... I think. 4 51>)) Lis te n a nd re peat th e picture wo rd s and sounds . til trai n ') .) ~ pho ne 4 ~ chair c migh t buy smile since may fa il key brea k kno\\ alt ho ug h trousers wo n't nea r there wea r care ful 52 >)) Listen a nd check. s ~ here idea eng ineer wher e Sf? sure bus Eu ro pe cu rious ~ ro u nd rowel sou th borrow ea r 6 tou rist 7 ow l 8 ~ boy tOW n noi sy enjoy annoy 3 SPEAKING & READING 4 VOCABULARY word building: noun formation a Interview yo ur partner with the questio n naire. Ask for more information. W hich o f you is mo re indecisive? p ARE YOU INDECISIVE? Do you have problems deciding ...? • what t o buy when you go shopping • what to wear when you go out • what to eat in a restaurant • what to do in your free time • where to go on holiday decide ..... decision imagine ..... imagination Other verbs change when you form a noun, e.g. see (verb) ..... sight (noun) a W ith a partner try to complete t he chart. Do you often change your mind about things? What kind of things? Do you think you are indecisive? D Yes D No Noun formation Wit h many verbs you can make a noun by adding -ion, -sion, or -ation, e.g. D I'm not sure b Read the a rticle carefu lly. C o mplete it with sentences A-E. Verb Noun (+ -ion, -sion, or -ation) opt option decide decision imagine imagination inform elect A And it isn't just in the coffee bar. invit e B But if all this choice is bad for us, what can we do about it? organize C Buying a cup of coffee isn't as easy as it used to be. educate D People often think that being able to choose from a confuse lot of options is a good thing. Verb E Research shows that we feel happier when we have Noun (new word) choose less choice. live c Do you ag ree that there is too much cho ice in the die following? W hy (not)? a in supermarkets on TV c in clothes shops _ _ _ _ . Years ago there were only two kinds of coffeeblack or white. But nowadays when you go into a coffee shop in the UK you are given about twenty different options. Do you want a Cappuccino, a Latte, a Caramel Macchiato, an Americana, or a White Mocha? _ _ _ _ . In big supermarkets we have to choose between thousands of products - my local supermarket has 35 different kinds of milk! When we are buying clothes or electrical gadgets, looking for a hotel on a travel website, or just deciding which TV channel to watch, we are constantly forced to choose from hundreds of possibilities. . However, university researchers have discovered that too much choice is making us feel unhappy and dissatisfied. The problem is that we have so many options t hat we get stressed every time we have to make a decision, because 3 succeed d in coffee shops e in restaura nts b 4 53 >)) Listen and check. Underline the stressed syllable in the verbs a nd nouns. we are worried about making the wrong one. Then when we choose one thing we feel bad because we t hink we are missing other opportunities, and t his makes us dissat isfied with what w e have chosen. 4 • Professor Mark Lepper at Stanford University in America found that people tried six kinds of jam felt happier with their choice than those who were offered 24 jam to taste. 5 . Professor Lepper suggests that we should try to relax when we have to choose something to buy. 'Don't take these choices too seriously or it will become ~~~==~~:$'~ stressful,' he says. 'If you pick a sofa from IKEA in 30 seconds, you'll feel better than if you spend hours researching sofas - because you won't know what you're missing.' Adapted from a British newspaper I b @ GRAMMAR @ a , b,orc. 1 lfi _ __ a snake, I'd be terrified. a see b saw c seen 2 What _ _ _ if a large dog attacked you? a you would do b will you do c would you do 3 I _ __ that bike if I were you. a wouldn't buy b didn't buy c won't buy 4 l ___ in this house since I was 12. a live b lived c have lived 5 We have n't seen my uncle _ _ _ a long time. a since b during c for 6 ___ have you had this car? a How long b How much c How long time 7 I _ __ married for 15 yea rs. I got divorced in 2010. a have been b am c was 8 When _ __ Queen Victoria die? a did b has c was 9 The dishwasher ___ in 1886. a were invented b was invented c is invented 10 The first book in the series was _ __ ten years ago. a wri te b wrote c written 11 The Mona Lisa was painted ___ da Vinci. a for b by c to 12 When I was a child I _ __ have very long hair. a use to b used to c used 13 Jack ___ like sport when be was at school. a don't use to b d idn't used to c didn't use to 14 I might _ __ Sophie a ring for her birthday. a buy b to buy c buying 15 Sue _ __ come tonight. She has to work late. a might no b not might c might not VOCABULARY a elect decide choose ___ organize ___ butterfly pig spide r scared ma th s goat sheep sha rk afraid m a rks mosquito lion whale fear biology fly cow jellyfish frightened histo ry c Complete with a verb from the list in the right form. base design discover fall retire 1 2 3 4 In Britain most people ___ when they are 65. I in love for the first time when Twas 15. Penicillin was _ __ by Alexa nder Fleming in 1928. The Lord of the Rings films were ___ on the books written by Tolkien. 5 The first Apple computer was ___ by Steve Wozniak. d Write the words for the definitions. 1 k ___ a wild animal that lives in Australia 2 b _ __ an insect that m akes honey 3 cr___ a reptile that lives in rivers in Africa a nd Australia 4 b a m ale cow 5 t _ _ _ very afraid 6 s___ a couple usually do this before they get divorced 7 s _ __ a school subject that includes physics, chemist ry, and biology 8 r ___ information you get from your school at the e nd of each term which says how you h ave done PRONUNCIATION a @ 2 the word with a different sound. ~ ~ fear near phobia idea cow bear shO\\ 3 81) primary 4 it sca red there 5 /j u/ subject student ch ildren homework spider nervous used might wear confusion b U nderline the stressed syllable. Make nouns from the verbs. 1 2 3 4 I 2 3 4 5 the word that is different. 5 die _ __ 6 succeed _ _ _ 7 imagine _ __ 1 gi raffe 2 e lephant 3 secondary 4 retire 5 de sign CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT? a Read the article once. H ow did the dolphins protect the sw immers from the shark? b Read the article again and mark the sentences T (true) o r F (false). []I CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE? 4 54 >)) In the street Watch or Listen to five people and answer the questions. 1 T he swimmers were swimming very n ear the beach. 2 The dolphins were doing strange things. 3 M r Howes and Helen were separated from the other two swimmers. 4 One of the dolphins jumped out o f the water. 5 Mr Howes saw a big fish swimming aro und the other two girls. 6 Mr Howes understood that the dolphins were trying to help them. 7 The dolphins stopped the shark from attacking them. 8 In the end the swimmers were r escued by lifeguards. 9 An expert said that dolphins very o ften behave in this way. c Look at the high lighted words o r phrases in th e text. G uess their meaning from the context. C heck with your teacher or with a dictionary. L ifeguard Rob Howes, his daughter Niccy, 15, Karina Cooper. 15, and Helen Slade,l6, were swimming lOOm out to sea at Ocean Beach in New Zealand when suddenly seven dolphins swam towards them. 'They were behaving really weirdly,' Mr Howes said, 'swimming in circles around us, and hitting the water with their tails.' One dolphin swam towards Mr Howes and Helen, who were about 20m away from the other two, and was trying to push them towards the other two girls. 'Then suddenly I saw another huge fish swimming around me and Helen,' said Mr Howes. It was in fact a three metre-long great white shark. 'It was only about two metres away from us,' he said. At that point, he realised that the dolphins 'were trying to herd the four of us together to protect us'. The shark then went towards the other two girls. Mr Howes was terrified, especially because one of the swimmers was his daughter. But the dolphins pushed the four swimmers back together and circled around them for anot her 40 minutes. Mr Howes decided not to tell the three girls a shark was sharing t he water with them. Fortunately, the shark finally swam away, and the swimmers all reached the beach safely. 'I swim with dolphins perhaps three or four times a year and I have never seen them behave like that,' said Mr Howes. However, dolphin expert Ingrid Visser said that there have been other reports from around the world about dolphins protecting swimmers. She said that, in this case, the dolphins probably sensed the humans were in danger and took action to protect them. David Joanna Polly Sarah Jane Justin 1 David h as had _ _ _ si nce he was a child. a arachnophobi.a b agor aphobia c claustrophobia 2 Joa nna would like to see leopa rds in the wild because a they have always been her favourite a nimals b s he saw them befo re o n a safari and loved them c they are on e of the wild a nimals she hasn't seen yet 3 When Polly was at school _ _ _. a she didn't have many friends b she liked most subjects c she didn 't like French o r maths 4 Sarah Ja n e has been a teacher _ _ _. a since 2006 b fo r 6 years c for 16 years 5 Justin loves the Empire S tate Building because _ _ _ . a he thinks it's in exactly the right place b he loves its height, and the view from the top c it's one of the oldest skysc rapers in New York CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH? Do the tasks with a partner. Tick (I') the box if you can do them. Can you ... ? 1 D say what you wou ld do if... a a dog a ttacked you b you won the lottery c you had mo re free t ime 2 D talk abou t how long you have ... a lived whe re you a re now b had your laptop or computer c been at this school 4 D D 5 D talk about three things you used to do w he n you 3 describe your life story talk about when three things were inve nted or built were a child 6 D say three things yo u m igbt do next week Short f ilms Marwell Wildlife Watch and enjoy a f ilm on iTutor. G expressing movement V sports, expressing movement P sports It went over the bar. ,_1"-, '· ·. ~.. .. ____ ;.,..~"!;, ~ ':1 ~..,t . - , • - .- ~ "" ~" 1 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING sports 2 VOCABULARY sports, expressing movement a What sports ca n you see in the photos? b 4 55 >)) Look at the spo rts in the list. How do you pronounce them in Engli sh? Listen and check, and a Put these words in the correct column . Do you know a ny other wo rds connected to these sports? underline the st ressed syllable. Do you know the names of a ny o ther s po rts in English? bunker corner hole lap match point penalt y serve track ath le t ics base ball ba sket ball box ing cy cling footlball golf hand ball ho ckey mo tor ra cing rugiby skijing tennis volley ball wind isur fing p Verbs with sports 1 We use play for sports with a ball, e.g. I play hockey at school. 2 With sports ending in -ing (cycling, skiing, windsurfing, etc.) we normally use the verb, e.g. I cycle at weekends, or go + sport, e.g. I go cycling at weekends. 3 We use do for sport and exercise in general, e.g. I do sport at weekends, and for martial arts, athletics, yoga, Pilates, etc., e.g. I do yoga twice a week. athletics b football golf tennis 4 56 >)) Listen to the sports commentaries. What a re the four sports? c Listen agai n and co mplete the sentences with o ne word. Then match sentences 1- 4 with pictures a-d. I D T he ball has gone _ _ the lake. 2 [] The ba ll has gone D 4 D That's a very hard return, but the ball has c Ask and answer with a partner. Give and ask fo r as much inform atio n as you can. the bar. 3 ow they have to run _ _ the track one more time. gone _ _ ! SPORT- YOU LOVE IT OR YOU HATE IT. • Do you do any sport or exercise? D Yes. What? Do you enjoy it? D No. Why not? Did you use to do any other sport s or exercise? Why did you stop? Which sports do you think are the most exciting to watch? Which sports do think are the most boring? Are you (or is anyone in your family) a fan of a sports team? Which one? • Do you (or they) watch their matches? • What is the most exciting sporting event you have ever seen? • • • • d >- p.l62 Vocabulary Bank Expressing movement. 3 GRAMMAR expressing movement a Complete the sentences wi th a verb fro m t he list. hit kick run throw In basketball you have to ___ the ba ll through a r ing with a basket. 2 In footba ll you have tO _ _ _ the ball into a goa l. 3 In tennis you have to ___ the ball over a net. 4 ln the 800 metre you have to ___ twice round the track. b Look at the sentence below. Tr y to thi nk of three d ifferent verbs you cou ld put in the gap, e.g. walked. The man _ _ along the street until he got to the corner. c > p.l46 Grammar Bank llA. Learn more about expressing movement and practise it. d Look at the photos in 1. Say w hat t he people a re doing. 0e's hitting the ball over the net. 4 READING & SPEAKING a W hen you play a s port or a ga me w ith fa mily o r frie nds, bow do you react if you lose? Are you a good o r bad loser? Are a ny of you r fam ily or friend bad losers? b Read the text and answer with a narne. W hich of the bad losers ... ? 1 2 3 4 5 insu lted the match official did not want to do his job after the match became very emotiona l when he couldn 't take part tried to hit somebody said sorry after the event c Read the text again and complete the gaps w ith the preposit ions in t he list. down in out out of (x2) past d Look at the highlighted words in the text w hich are all related to sport. With a partner gue s their meaning. e In pairs answer t he questions. I Who do you think was the worst loser? 2 Whose behaviour do you think was understa ndable? 3 Do you know any famou porrspeople who a re bad losers? 5 WRITING a Talk to a partner. Do you t hink there is too much football o n TV? W hy (not)? b > p.l17 Writing An opinion essay. Read a model essay about footbal l on TV, a nd then write o ne. 6 4 59 >)) SONG The Final Countdown J' T he hardest lesson to learn in sport is how to lose with dignity, without blaming your defeat on the referees or refusing to shake hands with your opponent. Here are some famous moments when losing was just too hard ... In 1981 at Wimbledon a young John McEnroe was serving. The umpire said that his serve was 1 _ _ _, but McEnroe thought it was 2_ _ _. He became furious and shouted 'You CANNOT be serious!' at the umpire. He also called the umpire 'an incompetent fool!' In the 2003 Athletics World Championship the 100 metres runner, Jon Drummond, was disqualified for a false start. Drummond lay 3_ __ on the t rack and began to cry. Two hours later his coach told journalists: 'He's still crying. We're making him drink water because he's becoming dehydrated.' In the 1982 German Grand Prix Nelson Piquet was winning the race. He was trying to pass Eliseo Salazar (who was last in the race), but Salazar didn't let him go 4_ _ _ him and Piquet crashed into Salazar. Piquet jumped 5_ _ _ his car and started trying to hit and kick Salazar (without much success!). South Korean footballer Ahn jung- Hwan scored the goal that sent Italy 6_ _ _ the 2002 World Cup when t hey beat them 2- 1. But Jung-Hwan also played for the Italian football club Perugia. After the match t he president of the club, Luciano Gaucci. announced that the player's contract would not be renewed. 'That gentleman will never set foot in Perugia again,' Gaucci said. 'I have no intention of paying a salary to somebody who has ruined Italian football.' Gaucci later apologized, but Ahn Jung-Hwan left the club and never went back to an Italian club. When England won the Rugby World Cup in 2003 by beating Australia in the last minute of the match, the Australian Prime minister. John Howard. was so angry that in the medals ceremony he almost threw the medals at the English players. His behaviour was described by a journalist as being 'like an unhappy five-year-old at a birthday party who starts throwing toys around.' Adapted from a British newspaper What's the first thing you do when you wakeup? G word order of phrasal verbs V phrasal verbs Plinking 1 SPEAKING & READING a Answer the ques tions with a pa rtner. 1 What time do you wake up during the week? 2 Do you use an alarm clock t o wake up? If not, what makes you wake up? 3 Do you get up immediately after you wake up? 4 When you first get up do you feel...? a awful b quite sleepy c awake and energetic b Read an interview with Sara Mohr-Pietsch. Match the questions and answers. A Do you choose what you wear the night before? B Do you have anything to eat before you go to work? C Do you use an alarm clock to wake up? 1 What time do vou get up when vou're doing the Breakfast show ? I get up at 4.45 a.m. and leave the house at 5.20. 2 Yes. I usually set my radio alarm to come on at 4.30 so that I can wake up slowly as ! listen to the world news. I set my phone alarm for 4.45 and leave it on the other side of the room so I have to get up to turn it off! D How do you feel when you wake up? 3_ __ E How do you get to work? It depends - some mornings I feel rested and awake, but other mornings it's quite hard to get out of bed . It depends on the season. I find I need much more sleep in the winter. F How does this affect your social life? G What time do you get up when you're doing the Brealdast show? 4 H What time do you go to bed when you're working the next day? If I'm slow to get up, then I wait until I'm in the studio before having breakfast, but most mornings I have a bowl of cereal before I leave the house. I Would you like to change your working hours? ----------------------------------------------- - - 5 c C over the answers and look at the questions. With a partne r remember h er ans wers. That depends on the season too. In the summer I usually wait until the morning to decide. But in the winter I often leave clothes out the night before so that I can stay in bed until the last minute! d Answer the questio n s w ith a pa rtner. 6 Would you like to work the same hours as the radio presenter? 2 In general a re you a morning or evening person? A car picks me up at 5.20. 7 --- - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - In the winter, any time between 8.30 and 9.30 p.m. In the summer, usually more like 9.00 to 10.00 p.m. 8 What social life? I certainly can't go out for a wild night during the week, but I'm lucky because a lot of my closest friends live near me, so I can see them in the evenings and still go to bed quite early. Sometimes I think I would like to have more normal working hours, but I love my job so much that I'd never want to give it up. The buzz of being 'live' on the radio early in the morning as people start their days is really wonderful. 2 VOCABULARY phrasal verbs a Look at some sentences from the interview. With a partner say wh at the high lighted phrases m ea n. 'I leave it on the other side of the room so I have to get up to turn it off!' 'A car picks me up at 5.20.' ' I love my job so much that I'd never want to give it up.' )C) Phrasalverbs Wake up, get up, turn on I off. give up, etc. are common phrasal verbs (verbs with a preposition or adverb). Sometimes the meaning of the t wo separate words can help you guess the meaning of the phrasal verb, e.g. turn off Sometimes the meaning of the two words does not help you, e.g. give up. b Read the info rmatio n box. Can yo u think o f a phrasa l verb which means ... ? I to try to find o mething you have lost 2 to put o n clothes in a sho p to see if they are t he right size 3 to have a friendl y relatio nshi p (with so mebo dy) c ~ p.163 Vocabulary Bank Phrasal verbs. 3 GRAMMAR word order of phrasal verbs a Look at t he picture and underline the object of the phrasa l verb in each sentence. 4 PRONUNCIATION linking a 5 4 >)) Listen and write the missing words. There's a wet rowel on the floor. Please _ _ _ _ __ 2 [ ca n't concentrate w ith that music on. Please _ _ _ _ __ 3 If you don't know what the wo rd means, _ _ _ _ _ _ . 4 Why have you taken your coat off? _ _ _ _ _ _ ! 5 This book was very expens ive. Please _ _ _ _ _ _ . 6 W hy are you wearing your coat in here? ! b Practise saying the sentences. Try to link the phrasa l verbs a nd prono uns, e.g. pick~ir__..up . 5 SPEAKING a Read the q uestions in the questi o nna ire a nd think about your answers. b Work in pairs. Inte rv iew your pa rtner w ith t he questio ns. PHRASAL VERB QUESTIONNAIRE • Have you eve r fo rgotten to turn your mobile phone off in a concert or the cinema? • Do you throw away old clothes or do you give them to other people? • Do you enjoy trying on clothes when you go shopping? • Do you often go away at the weekend? Where t o? • Before you go shopping do you usually write down what you have to buy? Do you only buy what's on the list? • Do you enjoy looking after small children? Why (not)? • Have you ever aske d your neighbours to turn the TV or the mus ic down? What happened? • What's the first thing you turn on aft er you wake up in the morning? b Complete the r ules abo ut sepa rable phrasa l verbs w ith noun o r pronoun. l f the object of a phrasa l verb is a , you ca n put it after t he verb + up, on, etc. OR be tween the verb and up, on, etc. 2 If the o bject of a phrasal verb is a , you must put it between t he verb a nd up, on , etc. c ~ p.146 Grammar Bank 11B. Learn m o re abour the word ord er o f phrasa l verbs a nd practise it. G s o, neither+ auxiliaries V similarities P s e ntence s t ress, /o/ and /91 So do I. 1 GRAMMAR so, neit her + auxi liaries a Look at the photos and descr ibe the two men. b Read about the two men and answer the questions. I W ho are Jim S pringer and Ji m Lewis? 2 W hy didn 't they know each other? 3 W hat did Jim Lewis decide to do when he was 39? 4 How lo ng did it ta ke him? c 55 >)) Cover the d ia logue. Liste n o nce. Try to remember three th ings they have i n common. d Listen again a nd com plete the gaps. A Hi! I'm Jim. B So 1_ _ 1. Great to meet you. Sit down. Are you married, Jim? A Ye s ... well, I've been married twice. B Yeah? So 2_ _ 1. Do you have any children? A I have one so n. B So 3_ _ 1. What's his name? A James Allen. I B That's amazing! My son's name is James Allen too! A Did you go to college, Jim? B No, I didn't . A Neither 4_ _ I. I was a terrible student. B So 5_ _ 1. Hey, t his is my dog Toy. A I don't believe it! My dog's called Toy too! B He wants to go outside. My wife usually takes him. I don't do any exercise at all. A Don't worry. Neither 6_ _ 1. 1 drive everywhere. B What car do you have? A A Chevrolet. B So 7 _ _ 1! A+ B Let's have a beer, Jim. A What beer do you drink? B Miller Lite. A So 8_ _1! n the USA, identical twin brothers were adopted soon after they were born. One brother was adopted by a couple named Lewis in Lima. Ohio. and his brother was adopted by a couple named Springer in Dayton. Ohio. By coincidence. both boys were called 'Jim' by their new parents. When Jim Lewis was six years old. he discovered that he had an identical twin brother. When he was thirty-nine. he decided to find and contact his brother. Six weeks later. he met Jim Springer in a cafe in Dayton. and they pr obably had a conversation something like this ... e W hich coincidence do you th ink is t he most surpr ising? f Look at the dia log ue aga in. Answer the questio ns w ith a partner. Find two phrases that the twins use . .. w hen they have something [±] in common . w hen they have somethin g B in common . 2 Why do you thi n k the auxiliary verb cha nges? g _>.... p.l46 Grammar Bank llC. Learn more abo ut so neither, etc. and pract ise them . ' 2 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress, /o/ and /8/ a 5 LISTENING 5 7>)) Listen and repeat the words and sounds. & & moth er brother rh umb both nei th er th irty they th row b 5 8>)) Add fo ur words to each row. Listen a nd c heck. although maths other there thing thirsty th rough without c 5 9 >)) Listen and repeat the dialogues. U nderline the stressed words. 3 A I don't smoke. B Neither do I. I A I like tea. B So do I. 2 A I'm tired. B So am I. 4 A I'm not hungry. B Neither am I. d 5 10 >)) Liste n a nd respond . Say you'r e the sarne. >)) I catch t he bus t o work. 0 a do I. 3 SPEAKING 5 11 >)) Look at t he photo of a couple and lis ten to a news s tory about the m . What is the coincidence? b Listen again a nd a nswer the questio n s. a Complete the sentences so t hey a re true fo r you. Me Who else in the class? 2 3 4 I love _ _ . (a kind of music) I don't like _ _ . (a drink) I'm very _ _ . (adjective of personality) Why did Kelly Hildebrandt put her name into Facebook? What d id she d iscover? W hat did she do next? W hat other things do th ey have in com mo n? Why were they worried? I'm not very good at _ _ . (sport or activity) 5 I'm going to _ _ after class. (an activity) 6 What do they call each other ? 7 What problem did they o nce have? 8 What are they defin itely twt goi ng to do? I have to _ _ every day. (an obligation) Idon't eat _ _ . (a kind of food) b Move arou nd the class saying your sentences. Fo r each sentence c try to find som eone like you , and write d ow n the ir na m e. Respond to other people's sentences. Say So do I am I, o r either do I am / if you have something in commo n. A /love heavy meta~ ~ Really? I hate it! ~ So do I. 4 VOCABULARY similarities a Read about some m o re s imilarit ies between the two Ji m s. Complete the text w ith a word fro m the list. as both iQg_Qtical like Q§ther b ~mi lar so Complete t he sentences about you a nd your fami ly. Tell your partner. I I have the same colo u r eyes as my ___ . 2 I look li ke my _ __ . 3 4 5 6 H ave you ever put your n ame into Google or Facebook? Did you discover a ny thin g i m eres ting? My personality is quite similar to my ___ 's. My ___ and I both like ___ . Llike ___ and so does my _ _ _ . I do n't like ___ and neither d oes my _ __ . A s schoolboys, the two Jims looked exactly 1 each other. They 2 liked maths and carpentry- but hated spelling. After school they had 3_ _ __ a security guard and Springer was a deputy sheriff. Jim Lewis first married a woman called Linda, and then a woman called Betty, exactly the same names 4_ _ __ Jim Springer's first and second wives. Even their tastes in sport are 5_ __ _ Jim Springer likes baseball and 6 _ _ __ does Jim Lewis. Jim Lewis doesn't like basketball and 7 does Jim Springer. Time to go home 1 ~ ROB AND JENNY TALK ABOUT THE FUTURE 2 a ON THE PHONE 5 13 >)) Cover the dialogue and watch or listen. Answer the questio ns. I Who does Rob want to speak to? 2 How many times does he have to ca ll? a 5 12 >)) Watch o r listen to Rob and Jenny. Mark the sente nces T (true) or F (false). I Rob is going home today. 2 He says it wi II be d i fficu It to stay in touch . 3 Jenny suggests that she could go to London. 4 Rob thinks it's a good idea. 5 They're going to a restaurant tonight. 6 Barbara wa nts to talk to Jen ny. 0 British and American English You just missed him = American English; You've just missed him = British English cell (phone) = American English; mobile (phone) = British English b Watch o r listen again. Say why the F sentences are fa lse. 3 IN CENTRAL PARK AGAIN b Watch or listen again. Complete the You Hear phrases. >)) You Hear You Say Hello. Broadway Grill. NewYork24seven. can I help you? Just a second. I'll put you . ... Hello. No, I'm sorry. She's not at her right now. Sure. 0 Oh, sorry. I have the wrong number. Hello. Can I speak to Barbara Keaton, please? Hi, is that Barbara? Can I leave a message, please? Can you tell her Rob Walker called? I'll call back later. I'll give her the _ __ You could try her cell phone. Yes, I'll do that. Thank you. I'm sorry, I can't take your at the moment. Please a message after the beep. Hello, Barbara. This is Rob returning your call. NewYork24seven. How can I help you? Just a second. I'm sorry, the line's _ __ Do you want t o hold? Hello. Rob, hi! I tried to call you earlier. a b Watch or listen again a nd a nswer the questio ns . 1 2 3 4 c Hello. It's Rob again. Can I speak to Barbara, please? OK, I'll hold. Hi, Barbara. It 's me, Rob. What did you want to talk about? 14 >)) Watch o r listen a nd repeat the You Say phrases. Copy the ~tbm . Who has some news? W hat did Barba ra o ffer Rob? W hat did Jenny do this mornin g? What does Jenny ask Ba rba ra tO do? Look at the Social English phrases. Can you remember a ny of the missing words? Social English phrases Rob You first. Jenny That's great _ __ Jenny I~ he~ Jenny I'll explain _ __ Barbara Is everything _ _ _ _ _ _? Jenny better. d c 5 15 >)) Watch o r listen to Ro b a nd Jenny. [s it a happy ending or a sad ending? 5 16 >)) Watch o r listen a nd complete t he phrases. e Watch o r listen again a nd re peat the phrases. How do you say them in you r la nguage? d Practise the dialogues w ith a partner. • e In pai rs, roleplay the d ialogue. A (book open) You are the Broadway G ri ll , the receptionist, etc. You sta rt H ello. Broadway G rill. B (book closed) You wa nt to speak to Ba rbara. f Swap roles. Canyou ...? D D D phone somebody and say w ho you are I who you w ant t o t alk t o leave a message for somebody respond t o news G past perfect V verb phrases P contractions: had I hadn't Because a shark had come into the pool. AUSTRALIA ENGLAND n Sydney, early in the morning, some swimmers were having a swim in an outdoor swimming pool which was very close to the sea. The swimmers were very surprised when suddenly the pool assistants started shouting 'Get out of the water! Quickly!' The swimmers immediately got out. Then they realized that there was a shark at the other end! Fortunately none of the swimmers were hurt and the shark was caught in a net and put back into the sea. S I ecurity guards at Stansted airport were amazed when they saw a dog getting off a train and walking on its own towards the airport terminal. They caught the dog and took it to the police. Thanks to a microchip in its neck, they discovered that its name was Diesel and that it belonged to a woman called Sarah Chapman, who lived in London, 50 kilometres away. Sarah had gone on holiday for a few days and had left Diesel with some friends. It had then got on a train and had travelled 50 kilometres to Stansted airport, changing trains on the way. Sarah said: 'I'm sure Diesel went to the airport to look for me!' 1 READING & SPEAKING a Read the stories and look a t th e pic tures. Comple te the ga p s w ith o n e o f the sente nces be low. AUSTRALIA 1 The shark had already attacked three people. 2 A large wave had carried the shark into the pool during the night. ENGLAND b Matc h verbs 1- 10 with phrases A- J. I D 3 D 2 4 5 3 Unfortunately, the dog had bitten one of her friends. 6 4 The dog had run away and had gone to the local railway station. 7 ITALY 5 6 He had decided that he couldn't live with his mother and father for another day. He had robbed a bank the night before. SWEDEN 7 The woman had got confused at the check-in desk. 8 The woman had left her passport at home. [HJ 8 9 10 get into I o ut of A o n the belt get on I o ff B asw im free so mebody C holiday D realize D putthe luggage D goon D have D D D 0 in priso n E from prison F a train G a woman leave the dog H rhe-s,v-im-m+ng-pool be I w it h fr iends be lo ng to t hat th ere wa a sha rk in the pool d Co m plete t he fo llowing sentences in your own wo rds. Use the past perfect. A n Italian man who was in prison for stealing was freed early from prison on the condition that he promised to live with his parents at their house. But after a week he arrived at his local police station and said 'Please arrest me again!' I When l got to the check-i n desk l suddenly real ized tha t .. . 2 When we arrived back from our holiday we found that ... 3 W hen the film started I realized immediately that.. . 4 I couldn't answer any of the exam questions because 1... 5 We spent 20 mi nutes in the car park looking for the car because we couldn't remem ber. .. e Compare w ith a partner. Are your sentences the same o r di ffere nt? Guido Beneventi, 30, told the police: 'My parents spent all their time telling me to do housework.lt was like being a child again!' f SWEDEN A irport workers in the luggage area at Arlanda airport in Sweden were surprised to see an old lady sitting on the luggage belt next to her suitcase. She had put her luggage on the belt and then had sat down on the belt herself. A spokesman at Stock holm's Arlanda airport said 'Unfortunately, she did not understand when she was given check-in instructions. She got on rn:J~ the belt together with her bag. Luckily, it wasn't a long ride- only a few metres.' ~ j' !'· .: ; j ' 1 Work w ith a part ner. A re-read the story about Australia, B re-read the tory about Italy. Underline the key word s and events. Then A (books closed) re-tell the sto ry in your ow n wo rds. B (books o pen) help A when necessary. T he n swap. 3 PRONUNCIATION contractions: had I hadn't p Contractions: past perfect In conversation we often contract had in t he past perfect after a subject pronoun (/, you, etc.), e.g. ~ "'~ When I got to the airport I realized that I'd fo rgotten my passport. I suddenly remembered that we hadn't told Sue about the party. a 5 18>)) Listen and write six past perfect sentences. T hen pract ise say ing the sentences. b > Communication What had happened? A p.l 04 B p.l 09. Try to guess your partner's sentences. 2 GRAMMAR past perfect a Look at these highlighted verbs fro m the Australia story. Answer the questio n . 4 LISTENING a A Then they realized that there was a shark at the other end ! 5 19>)) Liste n to another news story. Then number the eve nts in o rder. B A large wave had carried the shark into the pool during D Joey attacked her. D D the night. I Wh ich action happened first, A orB? 2 What are the two parts of the verb in sentence B? b Look at the other three stories again (includ ing t he missing sentences) a nd underline examples of had+ past participle. D id these actio ns happen befo re o r after the main pa rt o f t he sto ry? c )o- p.l48 Grammar Bank 12A. Learn mo re abo ut t he past perfect and practise it. D D Joey sat on her plate. Joey went to sleep. Kat ie came home from work. Katie met her neighbour. b W ith a partner, t ry to gues what you thin k had happe ned. c 5 20 >)) ow listen and fi nd out what had happened. Had anybody guessed right? IHMM) - G reported speech V say or tell? P double consonants 1 SPEAKING & LISTENING a Read the dictionary de finition a nd then answer the questions with a partner. gossip /'gostp/ (v and n) to talk about other people, especially their private life What kind of people gossip more? a people in cities or people in small tow ns b young people or old people c men or women 2 W ho do people most often gossip about? a their neighbours b people at work or school c celebrities 3 Do you have any friends who gossip a lot? 4 How do you feel when people gossip about you? b 5 21 >)) Listen to a conversation bet ween Rosemary and iris. W hat has happened to Jack a nd E mma? Li sten again a nd a nswer the question . 2 GRAMMAR reported speech a 1 Jack and Emma are the woman's .. . a neighbours. b friends. c child ren. 2 Rosemary thinks she heard them hav ing... a a conversation. b a pa rty. c an argument. 3 According to Rosemary, Enm1a said she was .. . a seeing a nother man. b looking for a new job. c going to stay w ith her mother. 4 She said she had ... a left the dog with a neighbour. b left the children w ith her sister. c left the dinner in the microwave. 5 Iris is going to ... a tell her husband. b tell her family. c tell a nother neighbour. c 5 22 >)) Now lis ten to what Jack and E mma l"ea lly said last night. Was R osemary right about everything? Look at some extracts from the conversations. Compare what E mma said (direct speech) with what Rosem ary says that she said (repo rted speech). Underline the words which a re d ifferent in the h ighlighted reported s peech. 1 What Emm a said I'm goi ng to stay w ith my mu m . I won't come back .. . I've taken the children to my sister ... 2 What R osemary a nd Iris said She sa id that she was going to stay with her mum! She told him that she would n't come back. Ooh , how awful. What about the ch ildren? She sa id she'd ta ken them to her sister. b >- p.l48 Grammar Bank 128. Learn more about reported speech and practise it. c 5 24>)) Listen to some sentences in d irect s peech . Say them in reported s peech. Begin He said ... or She said ... >)) I'm in a hurry. 0 he said t hat she was in a hurry. >)) I'll write. ~e said that he would write. 3 VOCABULARY say or tell? 6 READING Complete the sentences w ith the ri ght form of say o r tell. HERE'S A SECRET: I ' I have a problem,' Annie _ _ . Annie _ _ us that she had a prob lem. Li a _ _ that she was leavi ng her husband. He _ _ the reacher that he had left his homework at home. His teacher _ _ that he d idn't believe him . Ca n you _ _ Mark tha t I ca n't meet him tonight? What did you _ _ to her? When I was a child my mother used to _ _ us nor to _ _ hello to people wed id n't know. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gossip might be good for you We all enjoy gossiping about people we know, although sometimes we might feel gullty abo ut it after wards. However, new research shows that gossiping might be good for us. Professor McAndrew, a professor of psychology, believes that gossiping is in our genes and we feel pleasure when we share interesting information. McAndrew says that gossiping is a social skill, and we need to learn to do it well. According to the professor, gossip can be a positive thing when people use it to build connections with other people in their social group. But it can be a negative thing when somebody gossips about another person only to make themselves feel more important in the group. 4 SPEAKING a Work in pairs. A tell your pa rtner the fo llow ing. B Liste n a nd ta ke notes. Then swap ro les. • • • • something about your parents or grandpa rents a place you have been to something that you're planning to do in the summer somethin g that you did last weekend Professor McAndrew's research also showed that people were happy to pass on good news but only if it was about a friend. They also enjoyed passing on negative information about other people when it was about somebody they disliked. The information can be true or invented, b u t it must be interesting! (that)~ He said (that)~ 5 PRONUNCIATION double consonants a Look at fi ve groups of words. Match each group to a vowel sound. 1 0~ a b c d e gossip hur ry written happy lcrter 20[[)] offe r rubbish mi s married better 3oi sorry runner bitten nap pies message 401 bottle su mmer d iffe rent rabbit u m brclla a robber butterfly middle baggage tennis b 5 25 >)) Liste n a nd check. Double consonants it is t he st ressed syllable, e.g. gossip Ill', hurry 1\ , written 11/ , happy l<el, and letter 'c/. Double consonant s are pronounced the same as single consonants. c How do you think you pro nounce the words below? C heck the pronunciatio n and meaning w ith your dictio na ry. Read the article a nd mark the sentences T (t r ue) or F (false). 1 We sometimes feel bad after we gossip. 2 Professor McA nd rew says that we are program med to gossip. 3 Gossiping can be good or bad- it depends on why we do it. 4 People enjoy sharing bad news about people they like. 5 Men gossip with their friend more tha n with their fa mily. s o ·~: p The vowel sound before a double consonant is normally s hort when b Look at the highlighted words a nd ph rases. Wi th a par t ne r, gue their mean ing. c D o you agree w ith what the ar ticle says abo ut t he way men and women gossip? 7 5 26 >)) SONG I Heard It Through the Grapevine Jj kettle nanny pottery slippers supper g. ~ Qj c: .r: ~ Another thing that the new study showed &i was that men and women gossip differently. <o In general, the men in the study shared gossip ~ ~ with their wives or girlfriends, but not with their -o ~ male friends. Women however, gossiped with ~ both partners and friends. <~: b Cha nge partners. Tell partner 2 w hat pa rtner I said . Decide together w hether you think your previo us par t ne rs we re telling the truth or had invented the info rmatio n. He told me .... Qj G questions without auxiliaries V revision P revision I can't remember. 1 GRAMMAR questions without auxiliaries a W ith a partner, see how many of t he quiz questions you ca n answer from memory. b Now tr y to find the a nswers you couldn't remem ber in Files 1- 11. c Look at 1 a nd 2 in the qu iz. Answer these questions. 1 2 3 4 H ow is question 1 different fro m_questio n 2? W hat is the subject of the verb in question 1? What is the subject of the verb in question 2? W hich other questions in the qui z are simil ar grammatically to question 1? d )o- p.l48 Grammar Bank 12C. Learn mo re a bout quest ions w ithout aux ilia ries a nd practise them . Who paint ed Mr and Mrs Clark and Percy? 2 How did Caroline de Bendern lose a f ortune? 3 Which airport in Asia has a pet hotel? 4 What does toy boy mean? 5 Whose wedding dress did Lindka Cierach design? 6 What vitamin does sunlight produce? 7 Who plays Dr House in t he series House M.D.? 8 What did Captain Edward Murphy give his name to? 9 How many natural disasters did Mr and Mrs Svanstrom experience on their round-the-world t rip? 10 Who wrote t he short st ory Girl? Which singer made reggae popular all over the world? Who invent ed t he dishwasher, a man or a woman? 13 Who never arrived at school on time when he was a child? 14 Who shouted 'You CANNOT be serious!' at a tennis umpire at Wimbledon? 15 What is Kelly Hildebrandt's husband called? 2 WRITING & SPEAKING a )o- Communication General knowledge quiz A p.lOS B p.llO. f irst write the questions. Then ask them to your partner. b W ith a partner, make your own quiz. Write t wo questions with or without au xiliaries for each category. Make sure you know the answers! c Ask your questio ns to another pair. HISTORY MUSIC SCIENCE ART CINEMA I GRAMMAR Q a , b,or c. 1 The golf ball _ _ the hole, a nd everybody c heered. a went o n b went c went into 2 T he door opened and two men _ _ _. a ca me out b ca me out of c out 3 Your towel's on the floo r. a Pick up it b Pick up c Pick it up 4 I've lost my keys. Can you help me _ _ _ ? a look the m for b look for them c look after thern 5 A l love travelling. B a So do [ b either do I c So a m I 6 A Tcan 't do this exercise. B ___. a b c 7 A B So can I Neither can't I Neither can T l went to the cinema last night. ___ . W hat did you see? a So went I b So I did c So did l 8 Twas too late and w hen I got to the stat ion _ _ _. a the train has left b the train had left c the train Left 9 Whe n we got to the airport we remembered thatwe _ _ _ aJI t he windows in our house. a hadn't closed b didn 't close c have n't closed 10 Lisa told me that sh e _ _ _ to ma rry N igel. a wants b want c wanted 11 Kevin said he _ __ back in ten minutes. a would be b was c will be 12 My grandfather _ _ _ t h at he had worked in a factory when he was young. a said us b told c told us 13 W ho _ _ _ in the house nex t doo r? a Lives b live c does live 14 Whe re _ _ _ th at dress? a you bought b bought you c did you buy 15 How ma ny people _ _ _ to go o n the excursion? a do want b does want c wa nt VOCABULARY a Comple te with a word from the list. along down int o off out 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 back past towards through up We drove _ _ _ a lot of tunnels on our way to S t Moritz. W he n it sta rted to rain we went _ _ _ a cafe to wait until it stopped. She wa lked _ _ _ t he street, looking in all the shop w indows. W he n the dog started runn ing _ _ _ me I was terrified. Go _ _ _ t he petrol station, a nd it's the next t urn ing o n the right. You have to take _ __ your shoes before going into t he temple. If you don't know the mea ning o f a word, look it _ __ in t he o nline dictio nary. Can you turn _ _ _ the heating? It's very ho t in he re. If you don't like the jacket, take it _ _ _ to the sho p. Can you find _ _ _ what time the fi lm finishes? b Com plete the missing words. 1 Julia a nd Jane a re i ___ twins. 2 I Live in the same street a _ __ my sister. 3 Her new novel is quite s___ to her last o ne. 4 Dave isn't very ta ll and n ___ is his son. 5 My parents b _ __ love classica l music. c Complete t he phrases w it h a verb from the list. do get 1 2 3 4 5 give go have leave look put _ _ _ skiing tell turn 6 ___ up th e music 7 a swim 8 off the train _ _ _ on your coa t _ _ _ me a story 9 _ _ _ up smok ing JO karate _ _ _ forward to sth _ _ _ your dog with friend s PRONUNCIATION a Q 2 rn the word w it h a d iffe re nt sound. i hu r ry rugby su mmer put find writte n m idd le fi ll 3 ~ a rou nd dow n th rough o ut 4 & neith er th row noth ing both c ~) toge the r message negative J ~ . goss1p b U nde rline th e stressed syllable . l ath le tics 2 to wards 3 for ward 4 si mi la r 5 di fferent CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THIS TEXT? a Read the article once. What was t he a maz ing coinc ide nce? b Read the art icle again a nd numbe r the events in the [31 CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE? 5 28 l)) In the str eet Watch or Lis ten to five people and answer the questio n s. o rder they happen e d ::J Their daughte r was born. ::J They both had a hea rt opera tion in the same hospital. D Alistair had anothe r hea rt opera tio n . D They got married. D They discovered that they had been in the same hospital t wenty yea rs earlier. D They discovered they had the sa me heart proble m. 0 They met at a swimming pool. D Alistair asked Alison to marry him . c Look at the high lig hted words or phrases in the text. Guess their m eanin g fro m the context. C heck w ith your t each e r or with a dic tionary. Nick Ruth Hew Andy Alison 1 The t wi ns that ick knows _ __ a have very simila r personalities b are very similar in appearance c h ave the sa m e appeara nce a nd pe rson a lity 2 Ruth doesn't mind los ing when _ _ _. a th e person who w ins is bette r than she is b she has really enjoyed the ga m e c she thinks she hasn't played very well 3 The sport Hew doesn' t me ntio n is _ _ _. a cycling b hockey 4 Andy _ _ . c rugby a was a n even ing pe rson in the past b was a mo rning pe rson in the past c has never been good in the morning 5 Alison think s that _ _ _. a wome n gossip mo re than m e n b m e n gossip m o re th a n wome n c men and women both gossip W hen Suzanne met Alistair Cotton a t a swimming p oo l in the UK in 1995, they were amazed to discover that they both suffered from the same extremely rare hea rt condition. They st arted going out t ogether and fell in love, but several months later they d iscovered an even bigger coincidence. Almost twenty years ea rli er when t hey were child ren (Suzanne was seven and Alist air was fourt een) they had both had a life-saving hear t ope rati on in t he same hospital, on the same day pe rformed by the same hea rt surgeon . After th eir operations, they had spe nt several days recoveri ng in the same hospi tal ward (although they have no memories of seeing or spea ki ng to each other.) They certainly had no idea that twenty years later they would meet and fall in love with t he child in t he next bed. Suzanne, now 43, said, 'We were very sho cked by the coincidence. We were obviously destined t o be together.' After Alistair and Suzann e moved in together Alistair co ntinued to have d ifficultie s with his hea rt and he had to have another major heart operation. As soon as he woke up after the operat ion, he proposed t o Suzan ne and the couple got married in 2002. The following year, Suzanne became pregnant and baby Hannah was born in 2004 and is now a hap py, heal thy child who shows no sig ns of having inherited any hear t problems from her parents. Suzan ne sa id, 'Many heart patients can't have chi ldren or thei r children a re born with heart pro ble ms themselves, so for our amazi ng story to have suc h a happy ending is just wonde rful .' Adapted from a British new spaper CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH? Do the tasks with a partne r. T ic k (.f) the box if yo u ca n do them. Can you .•. ? 1 D d esc rib e three t hi ngs t hat you h ave to do in certa in 2 D 3 D 4 D spo rts usi n g a verb and a preposition of m ovement m ake true se ntences with take off, tum down, and look after say true things abo ut you - your pa rtner responds w ith so (am 1, et c.) and neither (do 1, etc.) cont inue these sentences with the past perfect: a I got to the station , but ... b When I saw him I was surprised because ... 5 D 6 D ask your part ne r t hree questio ns w ithout an repo rt two thin gs that som ebody said to you yesterday usin g said o r told me aux ilia ry verb beginning with Who , H ow many, a nd Which []I Short films Sports in New Zealand Watch and enjoy a film on iTutor. w 100 €ommunication lA WHAT'S HIS NAME? HOW DO YOU SPELL IT? Student A a lC DESCRIBE AND DRAW Student A Ask B questions to complete the missing information. c;;_hoto 1 - What's her surname? How do you spell it? b An swer B 's questions. p Asking for repetition If you don't hear or understand somebody, you can say: Sorry? Can you say that again? Can you repeat that? a Look at your pa inting for a minute. 18 ALEXANDER AND OLIVER Student A b Descri be you r painting for B to draw. a c Listen to B describing his f her painting. Try to draw it. Don't look at it. Ask B questions to hel p you. d Now compare your drawings w ith the original paintings. Are they s imilar? Ask B questions and complete the c hart for O liver. 28 AT, IN, ON Student A Name Alexander How old I ? 32 Where I from? London Where I Live? Brighton What / do? journalist What / like? modern art, classical music What I not like? sport Oliver b Answer B 's quest ions about Alexa nder. a As k B your ques t io n s. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 When were you born? Where do you usually have brea kfast? Whar time do you usually have lunch? What days of the week do you usually go out in the eveni ng? What time of day do you usually do your English homework? When do you usua lly have a holiday? Where do you normally listen to music? When's you r birthday? b Answer B's questio ns using at, 'in , or on. Ask What about you? for each question. 2C HAPPY ENDING 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4A HAS HE DONE IT YET? Students A+B Why didn't Hannah see the man who was crossin g the road? W ho was the man? Why did he cross wi thout look ing? W here did they go after that? W hatdidtheyorder? Why was Jamie in the High Street? W hat and when was the concert? What was special about the day? Look at the picture for one minute a nd try to remem ber what's in it. T hen go to p.102. 3A WHAT ARE YOUR PLANS? Student A a Ask B your questions usin g BOittB to. Ask for mo re information. • • • • • • W hat I you I do after class? What time I you I get up tomorrow? Where I you I have lunch tomorrow? W hat I you I do on Saturday night? W here I you I go for your next holiday? I you I study English next yea r? SA HOW FAST IS YOUR LIFE? Students A+B b Answer B ' questio ns. G ive mo re in fo rmation . C heck your par tner's score a nd tell bim or he r. Then read to see what it mean 3C WHAT'S THE WORD? Student A a Look at the six wo rd o r phra cs o n your ca rd. Think for a minute how you a re going to de fi ne them . I~ photo lazy trainers How t o score: 1 point for never 2 points for somet imes 3 points for often Is your score between 6 and 9? You are living life in the slow lane. Compared to most people you take things easy and don't get stressed by modern-day living. You are patient, relaxed, and easy-going. Most of the time this is good news, but sometimes it can be a problem. For example, are you sometimes late for appointments? Is your score between 10 and 14? You have a medium pace of life. You are probably somebody who can change the speed at which you live depending on the situation. go sightseeing (verb) Arrivals passenger b You have two minutes to com municate your words to B . Remember you ca n't use any part o r form o f the words o n the card. c ow listen to B's de finitio ns. Try to guess the wo rd s. Is your score between 15 and 18? You are living life in the fast lane, rushing around and trying to do many different activities and projects at the same time. You are impatient and you find it difficult to relax. You are probably very productive, but your relationships and health could suffer as a result. Adaptedfrom niclwrd \Visema11's Qt~irk oloB.Y website 101 ' - 4A HAS HE DONE IT YET? Students A+B a Work individually. Look at the list of things Max always does every mo rning. Has he already done them? Try to remember what was in the picture. Write sentences. He's already made the bed. 0 R He hasn't made the bed yet. • • • • • • • • • make the bed wash up his coffee cups tidy his desk pick up his towel take the dog f or a walk turn off his computer put his clot hes in t he cupboard have a shower have breakfast b Work in pairs. Compare your sentences with your partner. Are they the same? Then go back to p.l 0 1 and compare yo ur sentences with the picture. Were you right? 58 THE FRIENDLIEST CITY Student A a Read about what happened when T im did the th ree test in New York. Try to remember the informatio n. New York The photo test I asked an office worker who was eating his sandwiches to t ake a photo of me. He was really f r iendly and said 'Of cour se I' ll t ake yo ur pict ure .' Wh en I asked him t o take more photos he said 'Sure! No pr obl em.' When he gave me ba ck my came ra he sa id ' Have a nice day!' The shopping test I went shopping near Times Square and I bought an 'I love New York' T-shirt and some drinks f ro m two different people. I gave t hem too much money, but t hey both gave me t he exact change back. The accident test I went to Centra l Par k and I f ell over. I only had to wait abo ut thirty seconds before a man came to help me. ' Is this yo ur camera?' he said, ' I t hin k it's broken.' b In your ow n wo rds tel l B and C what happened in ew York. c;;_rs t he did the photo test... c Listen to B and C tell you what happened in Paris and Rome. d Together decide which of the cities is the friendliest so fa r. 68 I'LL I SHALL I? GAME St udents A+B Play the game. 102 6C DREAMS Student A 7A HOW TO... Student A a Last night you dreamt about these thing . Prepare to tell B about your dream. a Read the article How to surv ive at a party. Then -..vithout looking at the text tell B the five tips. W hen you finish decide with B wh ich is the most important tip. How to ... Survive at a Party (when you don't know anybody) Don't stand in the corner. You need to be positive. Find somebody you think you would Li ke to talk to and introduce yourself. Try to ask impersonal questions Like ' I love your bag. Where did you get it?' This will help to start a conversation. Don't dominate the conversation. When you are nervous it's very easy to talk about yourself all the time . Nobody wants to Listen to your Life story when they have just met you fo r the first time. Smile! Use your body Language to give a positive, friendly impression. If you need to escape from a really boring person, say that you are going to the bar to get a drink or that you need to go to the bathroom. Don't come back! b B is a psychoana ly t. Tell him I her about your dream . He I she w ill te ll you wh at it means. 0st night I dreamt about a river... c Swap roles. ow you are a psychoanalyst . Li ten to B 's dream . umber the things below in the order he I she talks about them . D Ice cream - you wi ll get some money (from the (orrery or from a relative). D Long hair - you wa nr to be free. Perhaps you have problems with your family or a partner. D A k ey- you have a problem and you are lookin g for a solution. D People speaking oth er la n gu ages - you think your life is borin g a nd you would like to have a more exciting life. D T ravelling by bus - you are worried about a person who is controlling your life. b B w ill tell you five tips fo r How to s urv ive a first date. L isten a nd when he or she finishes decide togethe r which is the most impo rta nt tip. SA WHAT SHOULD I DO? Student A a Read problem 1 to B . He I she will give you some advice. Problems 1 I don't know what to get my boyfriend I girlfriend for his I her birthday. It's tomorrow! 2 I have problems going to sleep at night. 3 My children wa nt a dog, but my husband I wife is allergic to animals. 4 My neighbour's dog barks all the time and it's driving me crazy! 5 My laptop is n't working well - it 's very slow. b Thank B a nd say: d ow use the info rmatio n inc to interpret B'sd ream . p First you dreamt about... Useful language This tells me t hat ... This means you are going to ... This represents... That's a good idea. OR Thanks, but that's not a very good idea because ... c Now listen to B 's problem l. Give him I her advice. Begin with o ne of the phrases be low. [think you should. .. You shouldn't... I don't think you should ... d Continue with pro blems 2-5. 103 ~ Communication BC READING DIALOGUE Students A+B 12A WHAT HAD HAPPENED? Student A a a Look at the odd n umbered sentences (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, a nd 11 ) and th ink of the missing verb([±] = posit ive verb, B = negati ve verb). Don't write a nything yet! Work w ith a part ner. First practise saying the names. Hartley 'hu:t •· Vivienne 1vien the Montgomerys mnng.\mcn.z Heloise clu-' ·z 1 Dia na was very angry because her husband the dinner. G 2 We went back to see the house where we had lived when we were children . 3 He couldn't catch the plane because he ___ his passport. [±] 4 The flat was ver y dirty because nobody had clea ned it for a long time. 5 We went back to the hotel where we on our honeymoon. [±] 6 T he crocodile was hu ngry because it hadn't eaten a nythi ng for two days. 7 A fter I left the shop I suddenly remembered that I for the jacket. G 8 I ran to t he station, but the last train h ad gone. 9 Miriam was sur prised to hea r that she _ __ the exam. [±] 10 1 didn't want to lend Jane the book because I hadn't read it. II Jack was angry because I __ him to my parry. G 12 T hey got to the cinema late and the film h ad started. b Act out the dialogue. Use the adverbs in brackets to help you, and remember to pause at the commas. H (anxiously) Vivienne, you didn't answer my last letter. It took me a week to find your new address! Why didn't you answer me? You knew I was waiting to see you and hear from you. V (slowly) Mr. Hartley, I don't know what to say to you. I understand all the advantages of your offer, and sometimes I feel sure that I could be happy with you. But then sometimes I am less sure. I was born a city girl, and I am not sure that I would enjoy living a quiet life in the suburbs. H My dear girl, you will have everything that you want. You can come to the city for the theatre, for shopping, and to visit your friends as often as you want. You can trust me, can't you? V (seriously) I trust you completely. I know you are the kindest of men, and that the girl who you get will be very lucky. I heard all about you when I was at the Montgomerys'. H Ah! I remember so well the evening I first saw you at the Montgomerys'. I will never forget that dinner. Come on, Vivienne, promise me. I want you. Nobody else will ever give you such a happy home. (suspiciously) Tell me, Vivienne, is there- is there someone else? V (defensively) You shouldn't ask that, Mr. Hartley. But I will tell you. There§ one other person - but I haven't promised him anything. H (masterfully) Vivienne, you must be mine. V (calmly) Do you think for one moment that I could come to your home while Heloise is there? c C hange roles. 9A WOULD YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO? Student A a Read the an swe rs to In the city. b Tell B and C the right answers, and ·why the other o nes are w ro ng. c Listen to B and C tell you about the o ther sections (I n the country and I n t h e water). Check your answers. 104 b R ead sentence 1 to B . Tfit 's not ri ght, try aga in until B tells you 'T h at's right'. T hen write in the verb. c Listen to B say senten ce 2.1f it's the same as 2 above, say 'T hat's right'. If no t, say 'Try again' u nti I B gets it right. d Take it in tu rns w ith sentences 3- 12. In the city The answer is b. Dogs Like to attack any part of you that is moving. usually hands or arms. It is also dangerous to turn your back on t he dog. You should n't loo k the dog in its eyes because this will make him angry. Shouting 'dow n' or'go away' at the dog will not w ork because dogs usually only react to their master's voice. 2 The answer is a . Bees will usually fly out of an open w indow, but don 't wave your hands around as bees follow movement and might try to sting you. And you mustn't hit t he bee as this will make the bee very angry. Of course, as soon as you can you shou ld st op the car a nd ope n the doors. lOA PASSIVES QUIZ Student A a Complete your sentences with the ve rb in the passive and the right answer. 12C GENERAL KNOWLEDGE QUIZ Student A a 1 Until 1800 New York (call) ... a New Amsterdam b New Hampshire c New Liberty 2 The S tar Wars film s (direct) by... a George Lucas b Steven Spielberg c Sta nley Kubrick 3 The noun which _ _ (use) most frequently in conversation is ... a money b time c work 4 Penguins __ (find) ... a at the South Pole b at the North Pole c in Alaska (design) by... S The Italian fl ag _ a Ga ribaldi b Mussolini c Napoleon (sell) in ... 6 The first mobile phones a 1963 b 1973 c C omplete your questions w ith the ve rb in brackets in the pas t simple. 2 3 4 1983 5 7 The politician Winston C hurch ill (born). .. b in a toilet c under a bridge a on a train (invent) by... 8 The electric chair a a teacher b a dentist c a politicia n 6 b Read your sentences to B. B w ill tell you if you are right. c Now Iis ten to B 's sentences. Say if he f s he is right . 7 B'san swers I T he Smartphone was invented by IBM . 2 T he Lord of th e RinBs film s were d irected by Peter Jackson. 3 The book which is stolen most often from libraries is The Guin11ess Book of Records. 4 In the world , 16,000 babies are born every hour. S C hess was invented by the C hinese. 6 The first Levi jea ns we re worn by miners. 7 Footba ll was first played by the British . 8 In 1962 the origina l London Bridge was bought by a rich American. 8 Who the battle of Waterloo in 18 1S? (lose) a Duke of Wellington b Bismarck c Napoleon Wh ich S pan ish actress _ __ an Oscar in 2006? (win) a Penelope Cru z b Salma Hayek c Ca meron Diaz Who the fil m A vatar? (direct) a Steven Spielberg b James Cameron c Ridley Scott W hich Formula I d river ___ in 20 07, but returned to racing in 2010? (retire) a Fernando Alonso b M icbael Schumacher c Sebast ian Vette! Which Roma n E mperor ' I came I saw I conq uered'? (say) a Augustus b ero c Julius Caesar W ho the world record for the 100 and 200 metres race at the Beijing Olympics? (break) a Usain Bolt b C arl Lewis c Michael Johnson Which painter o ff part of his ear? (cut) a Picasso b Van Gogh c Matisse W ho penicill in ? (d iscover) a A lexa nder F leming b James Watson c T homas Ed ison b A sk B your quest ion s. G ive your partner o ne m a rk for each correct a nswer. c Answer B 's quest io ns. Who got the mos r right answers? 105 ' Communication lA WHAT'S HIS NAME? HOW DO YOU SPELL IT? Student B a lC DESCRIBE AND DRAW Student B A nswer A's quest io ns. b Ask A quest io ns to complete the m issing info rmation. ~hoto 1 - What's her first name? How do you spell it? p Asking f or repet it ion If you don't hear or understand somebody, you can say: Sorry? Can you say that again? Can you repeat that? 18 ALEXANDER AND OLIVER Student B a Answer A's questions about O live r. a Look ar yo ur pa inting for a minute. b Listen to A describing his f he r pa inting. Try ro draw ir. D on't look at it. Ask A questio ns to help you. c ow describe your painting for A to d raw. d Compa re your drawings w ith t he original paintings. A re they imilar? 28 AT, IN, ON Stu dent B Name \lexand<'r Oliwr How old I ? 25 Where I from? Scotland Where I l ive? London What I do? doctor What I like? sport , music, good books and films What I not like? clubs and discos b Ask A que t ions and com plete t he cha rt for A lexande r. 106 a Ans wer A's questions using at, in, or on. Ask What about you? for each ques tion. b Ask A yo ur questio n s. 1 Where we re you born? 2 W hat time do you usually get up durin g the week? 3 Where do you usua lly have lunch? 4 What rime of day do you usually meet friend ? 5 W hen do you usually go shopping? 6 W here do you usua lly do your English homework? 7 When do you do housework? 8 Where can you have a nice walk near where you live? 3A WHAT ARE YOUR PLANS? Student B 58 THE FRIENDLIEST CITY Student B a Answer A' questions. Give more info rmation . a Read about what happened whe n Tim did t he th ree tests in Paris. Try to remembe r the information. b Ask A your questions using BOinB to. Ask for more information. Paris • I you I go out this evening? • What I you I have for dinner tonight? • What I you I wear tomorrow? • I you I go a nywhere next weekend ? • What I you I do next summer? • W hen I you I do you r English homework? The photo test I was standing in front of the Eiffel Tower and I asked some gardeners to take some photos of me. They couldn't stop laughing when they saw my hat, but they took the photos. The shopping test I went to a greengrocer's and I bought some f ruit. I gave the man a lot of euro coins and he carefully took the exact amount . 3C WHAT'S THE WORD? Student B a Look at the six words or phrases on your card. T hink for a minute how you are goi ng to define them . a painting generous shorts HOSPITAL ~ Check-in b Li ten to A tell you what happe ned in ·• . .. .. book a flight The accident test I fell over in the Champs Elysees. The street was very busy, but after a minute someone stopped and said to me, 'Are you OK?' He was Scottish! a nurse . ew York. c ln your ow n words tell A and C what happened in Paris. 0rst he did the photo test... (verb) d Liste n to C tell you what ha ppened in Ro me. b Listen tO A's definitio ns. Try to g uess the word c You have two minutes to communicate your words to A . Remember you can't use a ny part or form of the words on the card . 7A HOW TO... Student B How to ... Survive a First Date (and make a success of it) a Read the article How to survive a first date. b A will tell you five tips for How to survive at a party. Listen and when he or she fi nishes decide together which is the most important tip. c Look again quickly at How to survive a first date. T he n without looking at the text tell A the five tips. W hen you fini sh decide with A which is the most important tip. e Together decide which of the cities is the friendliest so far. Think carefully about what to wear for the date. If you are a man, try to dress smartly but casua lly (no sui ts!). If you are a woman, it's important not to dress too sexily. Don't wear too much perfume or aftershave! 0 Choose a place that isn't too expensive (you don't know who is going to pay). Try to go somewhere that isn't very noisy. Don't be too romantic on a first date. For example, arriving with a red rose on a first date isn't a good idea! Remember to listen more than you talk but don't Let the conversa t ion die. Sil ence is a killer on a first date! Be natural. Don't pretend to be somebody you aren't . If you are a man, be a gentleman and pay the bill at the end of the evening. If you are a woman, offer to pay your half of the bill (but don't insist!). 107 1 ~ Communication I 6C DREAMS Student B SA WHAT SHOULD I DO? Student B a Last night you dreamt about these things. Pre pa re to tell A about your drea m. a Listen to A's problem J. G ive him / he r advice. Begin with o ne of the ph rases below. I think you should... You should n't... I don'tthink you hould ... b Read your pro blem I ro A . He f she will give you so me advice. Problems 1 I share a flat with a f riend but he I she never does the washing-up! 2 I want to take my boyfriend I girlfriend somewhere really special on Saturday night. 3 I need some new clothes for a wedding, but I don't know what t o buy. 4 I think I'm get t ing a cold - I have a headache and a cough. 5 My sister always borrows my clothes, and when I want t o wear them they're dirt y. c Tha nk A and say: That's a good idea. OR Thanks, but that's not a very good idea because ... d Continue wit h pro blems 2-5. b You a re a psycho a nalyst. Listen to A's d ream. umber the things below in the o rder he f she ta lks about t he m. lJ Having a bath - you have a L Dogs - you a re looking for friends. '------' Losing hair - you are going to lose some money. luggage - a pro blem you have wi ll n Lost oon get better. A ri ver - you are going to be very lucky. ow use the in fo rmatio n in b to interpret A's dream . p Student B ecrer which nobody knows about. c 9A WOULD YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO? Useful language First you dreamt about... This tells me that... This means you are going t o ... This represents... a Read the an wers to In the country. In the country 3 The answer is c. If you t ie a bandage or a piece of material above the bite, this will stop the poison from getting to your heart too quickly. However, be careful not to t ie it too tightly. You shouldn't put ice or anything cold on the bite, as th is w ill make it more difficult to get the poison out l ater, and never try to suck out the poison. lf it gets into your mouth. it might go into you r blood. 4 The answer is b . If you are lu cky. the bull will change direction to follow the hat or bag and give you time to escape. It doesn't matter what colour the shirt is, bulls don't see colour, they only see movement. Don 't try to run away, as b ulls can ru n incred ib ly fast, and you mustn't sho ut or wave you r arms because this will attract the bull's attention even more. b Listen to A tell you abo ut In the city. C heck you r answers. d Swap ro les. Now A is a psychoa nalyst. Tell him f her about your drea m. A w ill tell you what it mea n . 0 ~ 108 st night I dreamt about ice-cream ... c Tell A and C the right a nswers for In the country, and why the othe r o nes a re w ro ng. d Liste n to C tell you about In the water. C heck you r answer . lOA PASSIVES QUIZ Student B a Complete yo ur sente nces with the verb in the passive and the rig ht ans wer. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 12A WHAT HAD HAPPENED? Student B a The Smartphone _ _ (in vent) by... a Apple b Nokia c IBM TheLo rd ojthe RiiiBs film s __ (direct) by. .. a Steven Spielberg b James C ameron c Peter Jackson The book which (steal) most often from libraries is ... a The Bible b Th e Guinn ess Book ofR ecords c Th e Lo rd of the RinBs In the wo rld, 16,000 babies __ (bo rn) ... a every second b every hour c every day C hess (invent) by... a the Egyptian s b the Indians c the C hinese The first Levi jeans _ (wear) by... a miners b farmers c cowboys Football _ _ first _ _ (play) by... b the R o ma ns c the Greeks a the Briti sh In 1962 the o riginal Lo ndon Bridge (buy) by. .. a a rich American b a museum c the Royal family 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 c Read your sentences to A . A w ill tell you if you a re right. Diana was very angry because her husba nd hadn't cooked the d inner. \Ve went back to see the house where we when we were children.[±: He couldn't catch the pla ne because he had forgotten h is passpo rt. T he fl at was very dirty because nobody it for a long time. [±] We went back to the ho tel where we had stayed o n our ho neymoon. The crocodile was hungry because it _ _ anythin g fo r two days. I-I After I left the s ho p I suddenly rem em be red that I hadn't paid fo r the jacket. I ran to the statio n, but the last train ___. + Miri am was surpr ised to hear that she had passed the exa m. I didn't want to lend Jane the book becau e l ___ it.El Jack was angry because I hadn't invited him to my party. They got to the cinem a late a nd the film ___.[±] b Listen to A say sentence l. I fit's the same as 1 above, say 'T hat's rig ht'. If no t, say 'Try aga in' unti l A gets it rig ht. c Read sentence 2 to A. ffit 's no t right, try again until A tells you 'That's rig ht'. Then write in the ve rb. b Lis ten to A's sentences. Say if he J she is right. A's answers I Until 1800 New Yo rk was called ew Amsterd am. 2 The Star Wars films were directed by G eorge Lucas. 3 The noun which is used most frequently in co nversation is time. 4 Penguins are fo und at the So uth Pole. 5 The Ita lian flag was designed by Napo leon. 6 The first mo bi le phones were sold in 1983. 7 The politician Winsto n C hurchill was bo rn in a toilet. 8 The electric chair was invented by a dentist. Look at the eve n number ed sentences (2, 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , and 12) and think of them issi ng verb ([±] = positive verb, 1-' = negati ve verb). D o n't write anything yet! d Take it in turns with sente nces 3- 12. 2C SAD ENDING 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Why didn't Hannah see the ma n who was crossing the road? W hat happened? Where did she go then and what did she do? Who ar rived at her ho use two ho ur later? What news did she have fo r Ha nnah? How was Jamie? What did she tell Ha nnah about t he ca r and the dri ver? What happened in the end? 1o9 11 Communication 12C GENERAL KNOWLEDGE QUIZ Student B a a Leo na rdo da Vinci b Michaelango c Raphae l 5 Wh ich film eleven 0 ca r in 2003? (win) a The Kin[J's Speech b The Queen c The R eturn ofthe Kin[J 6 \· ho a wooden ho r e to enter the city ofTroy? (use) a the G r eek s b The Rom ans c T he Persians 7 Wh ich fa mo u boxer ___ tofightinthe Viet nam war in 196 7? (refuse) a Muhammad Ali b Joe Frazier c Suga r Ray Ro binson 8 W ho the telepho ne? (in vent) a Ma rconi b Bell c Stephens b A nswer A' q uestio n s. 110 a Read about what happe ned when Tim did the t hree tests in Ro me. T ry to rem embe r the info rmat io n . Complete your q uest io ns w ith th e ve rb in brackets in the pas t imple. Who President of th e U A eight yea rs after h i fat her had been the US president? (become) a Bi ll C linto n b Jo h n F Kennedy c George Bush 2 W ho ___ the part of the mother in the film M amma Mia? (play) a Meryl Streep b Julia Roberts c Sa ndra Bullock 3 Wh ich tenn is player _ __ Wimbledon five yea rs in a row between 2003 and 2007? (win) a Roger Federer b Ra fael ada l c ova k Djo kovic 4 W ho _ __ the S istine C hapel? (paint) c 58 THE FRIENDLIEST CITY Student c Ask A your questio ns. G ive you r partner o ne ma rk fo r each correct a nswer. W ho got t he mo st rig ht a n wer s? Rome The photo test I asked a very chic woman who was wearing sunglasses to take so me photos. She took a photo of me with my hat on, then without my hat. Then another photo with my sung la sses. Then she asked me to take a photo of her! The shopping test I bought a copy of The Times newspaper from a newspaper seller nea r th e railway sta tion. It was t hree euros. I gave the man four euros and he didn't give me any change. The accident test I we nt to a busy street near the station. When I fell ove r ab out eight people im mediately hurried to help me. b Li ten to A and B tell yo u w hat happened in · ew York a nd Paris. c ln your ow n words te ll A a nd B w hat happened in Rome. 0rst he did t he photo test... d Together decide w hich of th e cities is the fr iendliest so fa r. 9A WOULD YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO? Student c a R ead t he a nswers to In the water. In the water 5 The answer is c. If a jellyfish stings you, you should clean the sting with vinegar as this stops the poison. If you don't have any vinegar, then use sea water. But don 't use fresh water, for example water from a tap or mineral water, as this will make the sting hurt more. And you shouldn't rub the sting as this will make it worse too. After you have washed the sting. yo u should clean off any bits of tentacles that are on your skin. And take a pain killer! 6 The answer is a . If you are near the shore and the shark is not too close, you can probably swim to t he shore without attracting its attention. For this reason it is important to swim smoothly and not splash or make sudden move ments. Keeping still is dangerous because if th e shark swims in your direction it w ill see you and it will attack you. Don't shout because sho uting will provoke the shark and it will attack you. b Li ste n to A a nd B te ll you the answers in the o ther sectio ns (In the city and In the country). C heck your answers. c Tell A and B the ri ght answers fo r In the water, and w hy t he o th er o nes a re wrong. 1 DESCRIBING A PERSON a Read C harlie' e ma il. The computer has found ten mi take . T hey are~, ~,or ~ mi take .Ca nyoucorrcct them? From: Charlie [barcacarlos@hotmail.com) To: Lucy (lucyathome1989@yahoo.com] Subject: Hi from Spain Hi lucy My name's Charlie. Well, it's really Carlos but everyone calls me Charlie. I'm from Barcelona and I live at home with my parents and my dog. ~.and I'm at university. I ' m ~ physics. I'm in my last year and I really like it. I'm going to tell you about myself. As you can see from the !Q!g, I have black hair and ~eyes. My father always says I have a big nose, but I don't think so, I think it's a Roman nose! I think I'm a positive person. My ~ say I'm funny and it's true, I like making people laugh. But I ~serious too when I need to be! I .QQ.Q! have~ free time ~ when I'm not in class I have to do projects or write reports. But when I can, I like watching TV series, especially science fiction series and comedies. I watch them in ~wi th subtitles. I also like playing computer games like World of Warcraft and Starcraft. Please write soon and tell me about you and your life. Best wishes Charlie b Read th e em a il aga in fro m th e beginning. Then cover it and answer the que tio n fro m m emo ry. I Whcre's C harlie from? 2 \: har' hi s real name? 3 Who docs he li ve w ith ? 4 W hat docs he do? 5 Whatdoc he look likc? 6 \ hat' he like? 7 'V hat arc hi s favour ite free time acti vities ? c Write a imila r em a il about yo u o r a person you know. Write four parag r aph . Paragraph 1 name, nationality, age, family, work I study Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 personality Paragraph 4 hobbies and interests d C heck your email fo r mistakes(~, ~.a nd ~) . ~ p.7 Writing 111 2 MY FAVOURITE PHOTO One of my favourite photos is this one of my friend Anna. I took the photo _ _ _ the summer of 2011 when I was holiday with some friends _ Ireland. 2 3 We were at a place called Tara. It's a hill which is famous because there's a big stone _ _ _ top of it, and people say that the old kings of Ireland were crowned there. Anna was telling us all about the history of the stone, and she put her arms it. When I took the photo we thought she was meditating, but in fact we later realised she was sleeping! She woke up after a few minutes and she said the magic of the place made her sleepy! 4 I love this photo because it's mysterious, like the place, and it reminds me of a lovely holiday. 5 I have the photo my phone and _ _ _ my computer with other photos _ _ _ Ireland. a Match the quest io ns with paragraphs 1-5. 0 What was happening when you took the photo? 0 0 0 d C heck your description for m istakes (grammar, punctuation, and spelling). Attach a copy of the photo if you can. Show your descriptio n to another student. ls the photo simi la r in any way to yours? Where do you keep it? Why do you like it? What's your favourite photo? 0 Who took it ? When? Where? b Complete the text with in, of, on, o r mund. p 112 ~ p.lS You can keep a photo ... in an album. your wallet. your bedroom. a frame. on the wall. a table. your phone. your computer. c Write about your favourite photo. Answer tbe questions in a in t he right order. by your bed. 3 AN INFORMAL EMAIL a Goran is a tude nt from C roatia w ho's going to study English in the U K. He's going to stay w ith a fami ly. Read the ema il from M r Barne and com plete it w ith ex pressio ns from the list . Best wishes Dear Goran PS Looking forward to hearing from you b Read the ema il again and answer the qu estio ns. When is Gora n coming to the UK? How is he travelling? Who is going to meet him at the a irport? Does Gora n have to sha re a room? Does Lookin[Jjonvard to hearinBfrom you mean ... ? a I hope you write again soon. b I'm going to write to you again soon. 6 DoesPS mea n ... ? a This isn't very important information. b I forgot to ay th is before. 7 Why does Mrs Barnes send Goran a photo? 1 2 3 4 5 From: Sally Barnes [Barnes@hotmail.com] To: Goran [gorangrec@yahoo.com] Subject: Your trip T hank you for your email. We're very happy that you're coming to stay with us this summer, and we're sure you're going to enjoy your stay with us. What time are you arriving at Stansted airport? If you send us your flight number and arrival time, we can all meet you in Arrivals. Can you send us your mobile number too? Could you also give us some other information? What day are you going back to Croatia? Is there anything you can't eat or dri nk? Do you want your own room , or do you prefer to share a room with another student? Is there anything special you would like to do or see in the UK? 2 ---- 3 Sally Barnes 4 I'm attaching a photo of the family, so you can recog nize us at the airport! c Imagi ne you a re going to stay w ith M rs Barnes. Answer her e mai l using your ow n informatio n. Write three paragraphs . End the email w ith Best IVishes a nd your na me. Paragraph 1 Thank her for her email. Paragraph 2 Say when you are arriving, etc. Paragraph 3 Answer her other quest ions. d C heck your e ma il for mis takes (g rammar, punctuatio n, and s pelling). ~ p.23 Writing 113 c 4 DESCRIBING WHERE YOU LIVE a Read the text and complete it with t hese wo rds. area eity food historic modern nature population rivers weather d C heck your email for mistake (grammar, punctuation , a nd pel ling). S how you r description to other students in you r class. Wh ich place that you read about would you mo t like to visit? b Match the que tion s with paragraphs 1- 5. 0 0 0 0 0 What's it famous for? What's the weather Like? What's the best thing about it? Do you Like Living there? -< p.39 What's your home town Like? What is there to see there? Where do you Live? Where is it? How big is it? I Live in Kayseri, which is an im porta nt 1,.ci.J.Jt.yL..__ in Central Anatolia in Turkey. It has a 2 _ _ __ of over 1,000,000 people. It's near the famous Cappadocia 3 , so there are a Lot of t ourists in the summer. 2 Write a descriptio n of the place where you live. Write five paragraph . Answe r the questio ns in bin the right order. First, ma ke notes on the questio ns in b. Kayseri is one of the richest cities in Turkey because it has a Lot of industry. It is a university town, and there are also many 4_ _ __ buildings, for example Kayseri Castle. Hunat Hatun Mosque, and the Grand Bazaar around Cumhuriyet Square, wit h its famous statue of Ata turk. But Kayseri also has 5 _ _ __ resident ial areas full of Luxury blocks of flats, shopping centres, and stylish restaurants. 3 The 6 in Kayseri is typical of the Middle Anatolia Region. W inters are cold and snowy - great for skiing - and summers are hot and dry. It somet imes rains in the spring and autumn. 4 Kayseri is famous for its mountains. Mount Erciyes is the sy mbol of t he city and it has a well-known ski resort, and on Mount Ali there are national and international paragliding championships. It's also famous for its 7 _ _ _ _ and has many Local specialities Like postirmo, which is dried beef with spices. and manti, which is a kind of Turkish ravioli.They're delicious! 5 W hat I Like best about Kayseri is that we are so close to . W hen I'm tired of city Life, I can easily get out and enjoy the mountains, 9 • waterfalls, and thermal spas, which are only a short distance away. 8 5 A FORMAL EMAIL From: Antonio Ricci [antonior@tiscali.net] To: The Priory Language School [enquiries@prioryedinburgh] Subject : Information about courses Dear Sir I Madam, I am writing to ask for information about your language courses. I am especially interested in an intensive course of two or three weeks. I am 31 and I work in the library at Milan University. I can read English quite well, but I need to improve my listening and speaking. The book I am currently studying is 'pre-intermediate' (Common European Framework level A2). I I have looked at your website, but there is no information about intensive courses next summer. Could you please send me information about dates and prices? I would also like some information about accommodation . If possible I would like to stay with a family. My wife is going to visit me for a weekend when I am at the school. Could she stay with me in the same family? I look forward to hearing from you. Yours faithfully, Antonio Ricci a Read the emai I to a language school. Tick (.f) the questions that Anto nio wa nts the school to answer. D D How much do the courses cost? D How many students are there in a class? D D Are there Business English classes? D Where are the teachers from? For more information email us at info@golfinflorida.com When do the courses start and fini sh? c Where can r stay? b Look at the highlighted ex pressions. How would they be different in an info rmal email (or letter)? Formal Read the advertisements and choose a cour e. Think o f two or three quest io ns you would like to ask. d Write a fo rma l email aski ng fo r in fo rmatio n. Write two parag raphs. Informal Paragraph 1 Explain why you are writing and give some personal information. Paragraph 2 Ask your questions, and ask them to send you information. Dear Sir I Madam, I am writ ing I would like I look forwa rd t o hearing from you. e C heck your email fo r mi sta kes (g ramma r, punctuatio n , and spelling). Yours faithfully, ~ p. 57 Writ ing 115 6 A BIOGRAPHY a Read the biography of Norah Jones. Then cover the text and t ry to remember t hree things about her. Norah Jones b Put t he verbs in brackets in the past simple or present per fect. p Writing a biography - use of tenses If you write a biography of a person who is dead, the verbs will all be in the past simple. If the person is alive, all finished actions will be in the past simple (such as the person's early life, e.g. was born, went t o university, etc. or specific actions in their life, e.g. got married, moved t o anot her town, etc.). However, you must use the present perfect for unf inished actions which started in the past and are st ill t rue now (and which might change), e.g. She has won nine Grammy awards. She has appeared in several films. Use t he present simple (or present continuous) to talk about t he present day, e.g. She lives in New York. She's working on a new album. c Write a biography of someone you know, or of a famous person , who is still aJ ive. Write three paragraphs. Make notes before you begin . I Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 1-- Paragraph 3 where and when they were born, their early life (past simple) their life as a young adult (mostly past simple) their later life and their life now (past simple, present perfect, present simple I present continuous) d Check your biography for mistakes (grammar, punctuation, and spelling). Show yo ur biography to other tudents in the class. W hich of you r classmates' biographies is the most interesting? ~ p.73 N orah Jones is an American singer-songwriter and actress. She 1 was born (be born) in 1979 in New York. Her father is Ravi Shankar, a famous Indian sitar player, and her mother is the concert producer Sue Jones. In 1986 her parents 2 {separate) and Later got divorced, and N orah went to Live in Texas with her mother. N ora h 3 (be) interested in music all her Life. When she was young she played the saxophone and she was in two different choirs. She 4 (go) to the University of N orth Texas to study jazz piano, and while she was there sh e s (meet) Jesse Harris. She started a band with him a year Later, and since then they 6 _ _ (work) toget her on many different projects. In 1999 she 7_ ___ (move) to New York, and in 200 I she signed a contract with Blue Note records. Since then she a (make) five albums, and t hey have all been very successful. (win) nine Gram my She 9 awards and has sold over 37 million albums worldwid e. She has also appeared in several films, including My Blueberry Nights. She has been in only one rela tionship, with Lee A lexander, but th ey 10_ (break up) in 2007. She still Lives in N ew York. At the moment sh e is worki ng on a new album . ~;~•.·. .,. ... . 7 AN OPINION ESSAY ! -'"t- . ~.. ; t • ~' •• ~ ~. • ~~~~~,,;:~--;~;_,. b R ead the article again and cornplete tbe gaps with a word or phrase from the list. Use capital letters w here necessary. a Read the article once. Do you agree with what it says? finally firstly for example thirdly in my OfliAion instead to conclude c Every time I turn on t he television, I'm sure to find a football match on one of the channels. If I change channels, there will probably be footbal l on other channels too, especially at the weekend . 1!D....aJY.. apinion there is definitely too much footba ll on TV for the following reasons. ____, if you compare football with ot her sports, football completely dominates. The only place where you can watch other sports is on special sports channels, which you usually have to pay for. This is not fair for people who like other sports, 3 tennis, basketball, or ath letics. Secondly, the football matches on TV are not only the importa nt matches. Every week they show boring matches from the second or t hird divisions. 4 I also believe that, at weekends, most people want to relax in front of t he television. Many people, including me , don 't like football and prefer to see good films or funny series. , 5 , I think that even on news programmes there is too much footbal l. It is very annoying when they talk about footba ll for hours every day, especially when there are more important t hings happen ing in the world. • You are going to write an article called 'There are too many reality shows on TV'. Do you agree? With a partner decide if you agree or not, and think of three of four reasons. d Write the article. Write four or five paragraphs. Paragraph 1 Write an introduction. You can adapt the introduct ion in the model article. Say if you agree or not. Middle paragraphs Give your reasons. Begin the paragraphs with Firstly, Secondly, (Thirdly,) and Finally. Last paragraph Write a conclusion (this should be a summary of what you write in the middle paragraphs). e Check your article for mistakes (grammar, punctuation, and spelling). Show your article to other students in the class. H ow many of your classm ates agree with you? H ow m any disagree? ~ p. 85 6 , I think TV should show fewer football matches and programmes about foot ball, especially at the weekend. 7 it should show other sports too, and more films. On news programmes they should talk about important thi ngs that are happening in the world, not about footbal l. Writing 117 bisfeniog 1 14>)) My first impre sion of Alexander was rhar he was much older t han me. In fact he was 32, bur I thought he was older. Bur when we s ta rred talk ing I really liked him. He was extrovert and fu nny and he had a very good sense ofhumour. He works for a TV company a nd be told me a lor of good stories about his work. He was also interested in the same t hings as me-a rr and music, and we talked a lor about that. Physically he wasn't really my t ype. It's difficult to say why. He was tall and da rk and qu ite goodlooki ng and he had a nice smile bur there just wasn't any chemistry between us. I could imagi ne goi ng ro a concert or theatre with him, bur as a friend. Sorry Mu m, bur no. 15>)) W hen I fi rst saw Oliver I thought he looked warm and friendly, and more anracrive rhan Alexander. He was quire tall with short blond hair and he had lovely blue eyes, a bit like rhe acro r Jude Law. He was a bir s hy a nd quiet at fi rst but when we starred charring he relaxed and we found we had a lor of t hings in common - we both like books, and rhe cinema. He was generous roo- he wanted ro pay fo r everyth ing. I really enjoyed rhe eveni ng. W hen ir was rime ro go he asked for my phone number and said he wanted ro meer again. We walked our of the resrauranr and wenr ro look for a taxi. And rhen something happened, and I knew rhar ir was impossible for me mgo out with him. He said 'At lasr!' and rook out a packer of cigarettes. That was it, I'm afraid. I could never have a boyfriend who was a s moker. ! think perhaps for my next date I'm going m choose t he man myself. I don't t hin k another per on can really choose a partner for you. 1 24 >)) M ra nd Mrs Cla rk and Percy is by t he British artist David Hackney. and it's considered ro be one of the greatest Britis h paintings of the 20th century. lr was painted in !97 1 a nd it's a po rrra ir of rwo of his friends, Ozzie C lark and his wife Celia, and rheir cat Percy. Ozzie C lark and Celia were fashion designers and rhey had a very successfu l clothes hop in London. In the 1960s they d ressed a lot o f rhe famous pop stars ofrhe rime, including T he Rolling Stones and Eric C lapton. Hackney painted Ozzie and Celia a few mont hs after rhey got married in their flat ar Otting Hill in London. He painted rhem in their bedroom, because he liked rhe light t here, and on rhe wall on the left of t he window you can see o ne of his own paintings. Mrand M rs Clark and Percy is a very big painting, approximately 3 metres wide and 2 met res h igh . T he couple are wearing typical clothes of rhe late 1960s. Celia is wearing a long dress, and in fac t she was expecting a baby at t hat rime. Her husband isn't wearing any s hoes, and he's purring his feet into rhe carper. T his was because Hackney had a lot of problems painting his feet. He jusr couldn't get them right. Hackney said that his aim wit h t his painring was ro paint rhe relationsh ip between rhe two people. Traditionally. when a painter paints a married couple rhe woman is sitting down and the man is standing up. In t his painting t he man is sitti ng and the woman is s tanding. Usually in a painting the married couple are close roger her, but in this painting rhey are separated by a big open window which symbolizes the d is tance between rhem. The white cat, sitting on Mr C lark, is a symbol of 118 in fidelity. It seems t har Hackney didn't t hink rhar t heir marriage was going ro be very happy, and in facr rhe couple gor d ivorced fou r years later. C elia ofren posed as a model for Hackney. bur s he says rhat th is painting, his most famous picture of her, is nor her favourite. She said "It's a wonderful painting, but ir makes me look roo heavy." In 1996, rwenty fi ve years after t his picture was pai nted, Ozzie C lark d ied. He was murdered by his lover in his Kensington flar. 26 >)) My name's Jenny Zieli nski. I live and work in New York. I'm t he assistant editor of a magazine called NewYork24seven. A few months ago, I visited our office in London to learn more about rhe company. I mer rhe manager, Daniel O'Connor. I had lots of meetings wirh him , of course. And a working dinner o n my birthday... Bur I s pent more rime with Rob Walker. He's one ofrhe wr iters on the London magazine. We had coffees toget her. We went sightseeing. I even helped Rob buy a s hirt! He was fun to be wirh. ll iked him a lot. I think he liked me roo. Rob is n't the most pu nctual person in the world, bur he is a great writer. We invited h im tOwork for the New York magazine fo r a mom h ... and he agreed! So now Rob's com ing ro New York. ! know he's really excited abo ut ir. lt's going ro be grear ro see him again. 1 29 >)) Jenny So, here you arc in ew York ar lasL Rob Yeah, it's great ro be here. It's really exciting. Jenny And bow's your hotel? R ob It's fine. My room is really... nice. Je nny Do you have a good view from you r room? R ob I ca n see lors ofother build ings. Jenny Tomorrow I'm going reshow you around rhe office and introduce you ro the ream. Barbara's looki ng forward ro meeting you. You remember, Barbara, my boss' Rob O h ...yeah, sorry. Jenny And rhen you ca n s rarr thinking about your blog and rhe column. Have you got any ideas yet, Rob? ... Rob? R ob W har? Sorry. Jenny. Je nny You musr be really ti red. Rob Yes, I am a bit. Whar rime is it now? Je nny It's nine o'clock. Rob Nine o'clock? That's rwo o'clock in rhe morning fo r me. Je nny Let's fini sh o ur drinks. You need ro go to bed . Rob l guess you' re righr. Jenny So, I' ll see you in t he office at eleven in t he morning. Rob Areleven? Jenny Is rhar O K? Rob It's perfect. T hanks, Jenny. Jenny There's just one thing. Rob W hat's rhar? Jenny Don't be late. Rob By rhe way. lr's great ro see you again. Jenny Yeah. It's great ro see you. too. 34 >)) Mia lr was a really terrible holiday. lr was my fault, I mean I wanted to go to T hailand, bur I knew before I went t hat I didn't really want to have a serious relations hip w it h Joe. And the holiday just showed how d ifferent we are. He irritated me all the rime. He wanted ro stay in some really cheap hostels, because he thought the hotels were too ex pen ive. l didn't want 5-srar luxury, but when I go on hoi iday I want to be com fortablc. The places where Joe wanted 10 sray were very basic and had very s mall rooms. There's nothing worse t han being in a very small room wirh someone when you're nor getting on very well. A nor her rhing l didn'tl ike was that Joe gor very jealous. W hen you're t ravelling, parrofrhe fun is talking to other travellers, bur he hated it ifl talked to other people, especially other men. And rhen he kepr raking pha ros! Hundreds ofrhem . Every time we saw a monument he said 'Go and srand over there so I can rake a photo.' I hate being in photos.! just wanted to enjoy the sightS. The holiday was all a big mistake. ever go on holiday with a boyfriend ifyou're not sure about the relationship. lr's sure to be a disaster! 1 35 >)) Linda Oh , it was a wonderful holiday. I loved every momenr! Venice is just a paradise. We did everything- we wcnr on a gondola, we saw all rhe museums, and we had some fa ntastic meals. And you know, everyone says t hat Venice is expensive, bur I didn't th ink ir was - ir wasn't an expensive holiday at all. I thought it was quite reasonable. We all gor o n very well. I think I'm going to s uggesr to Isabelle and Laura rhar we go on holiday toget her again next year... 44 >)) In May 1968, 1came back 10 Paris. lrwas a very exciting rime. There were a lot of demonstrat ions, and figh ting between students and the police. ! wasn't really interested in polit ics- ! wasn't a communis t or an ana rchisr. Bur I loved theaonosphere. All t he s rudenrs were fighting for freedom, for revolurion, and the French police were everywhere. On May the 15th l was with thousands oforher young people. We were walking rewards rhe Place de Ia Bastille. I was tired, so a friend picked me up and I sar on his shoulders. A not her boy who was walking next to us was carrying a Vietnamese nag (ir was rhe t ime of the Viemam war) and he said to me 'Hey, could you carry t he flag for me?' and I said OK. There was so much happening rhat I didn't noricc all rhc photographers. The next day rhe photo was on rhe cover of magazines all over the world. W hen my grandfather saw it, he immediately ordered me rocome ro his bouse. He was furious- really really angry. He said 'Thar's ir! You're a communisr! I'm nor going to leave you anything. ot a penny!' ! walked our of the room and I never saw him again. Six months later he died, and I didn't ger any money from him. ot hing. 1 50 >)) Happy ending Narrator Suddenly, a man ran across the road. He was wearing a dark coat so Hannah didn't see him ar fi rst. Qu ickly ~ he pur her foor on rhe brake. She stopped jusr in time. She gor our of her car and s ha med ar the man. Hannah Don't you us ually look before you cross rhe road? I nearly hir you. ! didn't see you until rhe last moment. Jamie Sorry! Hey, Hannah it's me. lr's Jamie. Hannah Jamie! Whar are you doing here? I nearly killed you! Jamie I was buying something. I was in a hurry and I crossed rhe road without looking. Han n ah Come on. Get in! Narrator Hannah and Jamie drove ro rhe coffee bar. They sar down in their us ual seats and ordered t wo cups ofcoffee. \Vairer Here you are. Two cappuccinos. Hanna h f Jamie Thanks. Hannah Whar an even ing! I nearly killed you. Jamie Well. you didn't kill me, so what's rhe problem? Hannah Bur whar were )OUdoing in rhe high srrcer' I thought you \\ere here. in t he cafe. wait ing for me. Jamie I wenr ro the rhearre to buy rhesc rickets forrhe Scouting For Girls concen . l know you wanrcd tO go. And ir"son rile 15th of October next arurday. Our ann iversary. Ha nnah Our anniversary? Jamie Yes.Threemomh; incewc firsr mer. \\'e mer on arurdayrhe ISrh ofJuly. Remember? Hanna h Go h. Jamie. I ca n't believe you remember the e>.act day! What a romantic! It"s lucky I didn't hir you in the street. .. l Sll)) Sad ending arraror uddcnly. a man ran across rhe road. He was wearing a dark coat so Hannah didn't sec him at first. Quickly s he pur her foot on the bra ke. Airhough Hannah tried to stop s he couldn't. he hit t he man. Hannah pan icked. She drove away a> fa r as she could. When he arrh·ed ar rhe coffee bar Jamie wasn't there. She called him bur his mobile phone wa> turned off. he waited for ten minute> and then she went home. Two hours later a car arrived at Hannah' house. A pol icewoman knocked ar rhe door. Policewoman Good evening. Madam. Arc you Hannah Davis? Hannah Yes. I am. Policewoman I'd likerospcak toyou.Can l come in? a rrator The policewoma n came in and sat down on the ofa. Policewom a n Are you a friend o fl amie O i.xon? Hannah Yes, arraror said Hannah. Policewoma n Well . I'm afraid I ha,·c some bad new for vou. Hannah \ \ 1 har? Whar's h<rppened? Policewoman Jam ie had an accident this eveni ng. Hanna h Oh no! \Vhar kind of accident ? Policewoman He was crossi ng rhe road and a car hit him. Hannah \Vhen ...When did this bappcn? And where? Policewoman This evening at 5.25. He was crossing the road in the high street by t he theatre. Hanna h Oh no! How is he? Policewoma n He's in hospital. He' got a bad injury to his head and rwo broken legs. Ha nnah But is he going to be OK? Policewoma n \ edorft know. He's in inrens h·ecarc. Hannah Ohno.And rhed rivcrof thecar? Policewoman he didn't srop. Han nah he? PolicC\\'Oman Ye . ir was a woma n in a whire car. Somebody saw the number of the ca r. You have a white car o utside don't \'Ou. Madam ' Is vour ' number plate X YZ 348 '? Han nah Yes...yes, it is. Policewoma n C an vou tell me where vou were ar • 5.25 this e\'ening?. l SS l)) Olivia I nrer viewer Excuse me. do you have a moment? Olivia Ye ,sure. Interv iewer Where are yo u going? Olivia To ricaragua. Inter viewer For a holiday? Olivia o, I'm going to do voluntary work. I'm going to reach English ro young children. Interviewer \\' here exactly in Nicaragua are you going? Olivia To a town called Esteli. It's about 150 kilometres from Managua. Interviewer How long are you going robe there for? Olivia I'm going robe in E>relr for ix weeks and after that I'm going to tra\ el round icaragua for a month . Interviewer That sound amazing. O livia Yes. I'm rea lly looking fo rward ro it. Interviewer Are you feeling nervous at all? Olivia A bit. because I don'rspl'ak much pan ish. But they're going to give us a 40-hour language course when we arrive. so I hope t hat's enough ro s tart with. Inter viewer Well. good luck and have a great time. O livia T hanh. I'm su re ir's going robe a fa ntastic experience. Matthew I nrerviewcr Excuse me. do you have a mo ment? Matthew Yea h, O K. Interviewer W here are you going? Matthew To Australia. Inte rviewer That's a long fli ght. Arc you goi ng ro rop on the way? Matthew o . I'm going di rect to Melbourne. Interviewer \\' hv Melbourne? Matthew I'm goi;..g rowork there. I'm a model and we're going ro do a photo hoot for a maga7ine. Inte r viewer Thar sounds excir·ing. What kind of clothes are you going ro model? Man hew \\'inter clothes. for next season. It's winter in Austra)ja now so ir's going to be quite cold . T hat's why we're going rhere. Inter viewer Of course. it's their winter. How cold do you think it's going to be? Matrhew I'm nor quite sure. About eight or nine degrees during rhl' day and coldl'r at night. I s uppose. Interviewer Well, have a good trip, and I hope the photos are fa bulous! Marrhew Thanks. Lily Interviewer Excuse me. do you have a mo ment? L ily OK. s ure. Inte r viewer W here are you going? Lily To Budapest. Inter viewer W hy arc you going rhere? Lily I'm going ro a conference. Inte r viewer So it's a work trip. Lily Yes. But I'm also going to sec an old friend rhere. Actually, an old boyfriend . Someone I went out wirh a long t ime ago. Interviewer W hen did you decide to meet up again? Lily Well. I knew he was working ar Budapest University. so when the conference came up about a month ago I got in touch with him on Facebook. Interviewer Is he going ro meet you at the airport? Lily l don'tth in kso! Bur whoknows? Interviewe r How do you feel about it' Lily Quire excired. lr's going robe strange meeting again after all rhese years. Interviewer Well. good luck. l'm s ure you're goi ng to have a grcatrime. And en joy the conference. roo. Lily T han ks very much. 1 62 l)) Be n Hi. This is Ben We t. Sorry I can't take your call . Please leave a me sage. Lily Hi Ben. It's me. Lily. Ho pe )Ou're OK . I've booked my fl ight and hotel. I'm coming on u nday the 2nd of May - I couldn't get a fli ght on rhc first. I'm flying from Garwick with Easy jer and I'm arriving at Budapesr a irport at 14.40. I'm going back on arurday the 8th leaving ar 16.35. I'm staying ar a lovely old hotel , quire a fa mous one I thin k. It's called the Hotel Gellert o r Jcllert - I'm not s ure how you pronounce it. bur it's G-Edouble L-E- R-T. I'm sure you know it. I'll call you o n Sunday night when I get there. See you soonl'm really looking forwa rd ro eeing you again . ~ 2 l)) Presente r Good C\'en ing.ladies and gentlemen and welcome to Wlrat 's tire word? And our first contestants tonight arc 'larrin and Lola. Hello to you both. Are you nervous? Lo la Just a bit. Presenter \\'ell. just rry a nd rebx and play IVIrat 's tlte word? with us. If you're watching the show for the fir ttime. here's how we play rhe game. As you can see Marrin bas a TV screen in from of him and six words are going ro appear on the screen. Martin has two minutes to describe the words to Lola o rhar she can guess whar rhey are. But he ca n't use any part of the words on the screen. So, for e>.ample. if the word is taxi driver, he can't use the word taxi ordriverordrive. P resenter Martin. Lola. are you ready? 3 l)) Presenter Martin. Lola, a re you ready? M a rrinf Lo la Yes. Presente r OK. Marri n you have two minutes ro describe your ix words tarring now! Martin OK, word number I. It's a person. It's somebody who works in a hospital. Lola A doctor. Ma rrin 1 o, no, no ir' rhe person who helps rhe doctor and looks after rhe patients. Lola Oh. a [bleep]. Ma rtin That's right. Word number 2. 1t's a place. It's somewhere where people go when rhey want to bu) things. Lola Ashop. Martin Nor exactly. It's bigger and you can buy all kinds of different things rhere. especially food . L ola A [bleep]? Martin Yes. well done. O K. word number 3. lt's a rhing. lt' omerhing which we usc for everything nowadays. For the internet. for talking to people. for raking photos ... It's a kind of gadger. Everyone has one. Lola A [bleep]? Martin That's it! Word number 4. lt 's an adjective. It's the opposite of dark. Lola Light? Martin It's like light. bur you only use it ro describe hair. Lol a [bleep)? Ma r tin Yes! \\'ord number S. lt's an ad jective again. Er ... You use it to describe a person who's ... er, who's quick at learning rhings. Lola Intelligent? Martin No. bur it's similar to intelligent. lr's the opposite of stupid. Lo la [bleep]! Martin Yes, brilliant. And word number six, the last o ne. OK. It's a verb. For example. you do rhis ro rheTV. Lola Watch' Ma rtin o ... lr's what you do when you finis h watching TV at night. Lola Er... go ro bed? Martin 1o! Come on! You do it ro rhe TV before you go ro bed. Lola Oh. [bleep]? Martin Yes! 2 8 l)) Jenny \\'ell. ! think that's everyth ing. W hat do you think of the office? Rob It's brilliant. And much bigger rhan our place in London. Jenny Oh. here"s Barbara. Rob. this is Barbara. rhe ediror of the magazine. Barbara It's good 10 fina lly meet you. Rob. Ro b It"s grear to be here. Bar bar a Is this your first rime in New York? Rob o. l came here when I was eighteen. Bur only for a fe" days. Barbara Well. I hope you ger ro know ew York much better this rime! Jenny Barbara, I'm going to rake Rob om for lunch. Would you like ro come with us? Barba r a I'd love to. but un fortu nately I have a meering at one. So, I' ll see you larer. We're meeting at three, I th ink. Jenny That's righr. Barbara Have a nice lunch. H o lly Hey. are you Rob Walker? Rob Yes. Listening 119 Ho lly IIi, I'm llolly. llolly Tyler. Rob Hello, Holly. Ho lly We're going to be working roger her. Jenny Really? Holly Didn't Barbara tell you? I'm goi ng robe Rob's photographer! Jenny Oh. wcii...We're just going for lunch. H olly Cool! I can come with )'Ou. I mean. I had a sandwich earlier. so I don·r need ro car. Bur Rob and I can tall.. Is that OK? Je nny ure. Holly o let 's go. 2 11 >)) Holly So tell me, Rob. What arc you going to write about? R o b Well, to st arr with , rny first impressions of New York . You know, t he nightli fe. the music. thing• like that. Holly Arc you planning ro do any inter views? Rob I'd like ro. Do you have any suggestions' Holly Well. I know >Ome great musicians. Rob Musicians? Holly You know, guys in bands. And I also have some com acts in the theatre and dance. Rob That would be great. Holly Maybe we could go 10 a >how. and after you could talk to the actor~. Rob I rca II) lil.c that idea. Waitress Can I bring you anything else? Jenny Could we ha'c the check. please? Waitress Yes, ma'am. H ere·~ your check. Jenny Thanks. Excuse me. I think rherc's a mistake. \Ve had two bottles of water. nor three. Waitress You're right. I'm really sorry. It's nOt my day today! I'll get you a new check. Je nny Thank you. H o lly We're going tO have a fun monrh , Rob. Rob Yeah, I think it's going robe fantastic. Jenny OK. time to go. You have your meeting with Barbara at three. R ob O h yeah. right. 2 22 >)) Presente r Teenager• 10da) have a bad reputation. People >ay that t hC) arcla1y and untidy and rhar they do very little ro help their parents in the house. But there arc some teenagers for whom this description is just nor true ar all. It is estimated that there are more than 200.000 teen ager~ in the U K who have to look after a member of their family. their mother or father or brother or sister. In many cases these young helpers. or ·carers' as t hey are called. have ro do between 25 and 50 houf' work helping in their house, a ~ well as doing their school work. 2 23 >)) Presenter I'd like to welcome ro rhe programme two of these teenagers. Alice and Dan iel. who are 17 years old. and who borh look after members of their fam ily. llello, Alice. hello Dan iel. Alice/ Daniel H i. Presenter Who do you look afte r? A lice !look after my mum. She has ME - it's an illne>S which mean, that she feels tired all rhe rime a nd ~he can't \\:til. ver v well. And I also look afte r my younger brother a~d sister. He's six and she's four. D a niel I look after my mum roo. he had a bad car accident se,·en years ago and she ca n·r walk. I a lso look after my little s ister. Presenter You bmh do a lot of housework. What exactly do you do? Alice On a normal day I getup early and I clean the house and I do the ironing. After school! •omerime' take my mum to the shops in her wheelchair. In the evening my dad makes the dinner - l'm non ·ery good at cooking! Bur I make sure my brother and 'i>ter eat their dinner and then I pm them to bed. 120 Listening Dan iel My day's quite similar. I clean rbe house and iro n but I also do the cooking and the s hopping. M) dad left home four )Cars ago so we're on our own. I rake my sister to school and make s ure rhar my mum is OK. I need ro give her massages every evening. Presenter I low do )OU feel about the way you Ji,·e? Alice I don't rea II) mind looking after my mum . She's ill and she needs my help. Bur sometimes I feel a bit sad when I ca n't go om because rhere are things 10 do in the hou,e. A nd I sometimes get angry with my ' chool frie nd ~. They don't rea lly undcr~rand the problems I have ar home. All they think abour arc clothes. boys. and going out. Daniel I enjoy what I do becau ~e I'm helping my mum ami I'm helping my s is ter ar the same rime. Of course it 's true rhat I can·r go out much . because I need to s pend most of my rime at home. I somet imes go out with my friends but I don·r like leaving my mum o n her own . I always make sure that I h:rve my mobile. If my mum needs anyt hing. she calls me and I go back ho me. It's nor a proble m for me. Ir's jusr parr of my life. Presenter You're both doing a great job, thanks very much for coming on the programme. 2 26 >)) I I ntcrv icwer I Ian• you ever bought something that you've ne,er worn? A Ye~ - ha•n'r c'eryonc? I remember some trousers I bought rhar I never wore. Interviewer \\'hat was rhe proble m with them? A They were very right . black leather tro users that I bought fro m a ~econd -hand sho p ncar Portobcllo Road. when I was about 2.0 years old. I reme mber when I was in the changing room I thought rhcy looked fantas tic. l rhoughr !looked like Jim Morri>on from the Doors. But whe n I got home. in the cold Iighr of day. I rc:.Jiscd that I looked rnore like one of rhc women from Abba! T har·s why I never wore them . 2 Interviewer I lave you ever bought something that you've never worn? A Yes. a karate suit. I decided that I wamed ro do karate. and I igned up for a course and bought rhc s uit and the orange belt bur then I changed my mind and decided not to do the course. I ntc r v iewer \\' In not? A I wa~ worried tl;at ~omeone would knock my teeth our. Inte r viewer Do you still have rhe suir? A o. I sold it on eBav. J Interviewer Ha,·e y~u ever bought something that you've never worn? A aclly ir happens to me quire often, because I hare clot he> • hopping. and I never try th ings on. For c'ample. l have a sh irt in my wardrobe now t hat I've never worn. Inte r viewer W hy nor? A Well. I bought it in a hur r) a few months ago and rhen I put it :1way in my wardrobe. A few week~ la ter I rook irout and looked at it and I thought 'Why d id I buy t his'' lr's horrible pin k and purple stripe>. A nd ofcourse I didn't ha'c the rcccipt,>o I couldn't rake it back. 4 Interv ie wer H:l\'c you ever bought somethi ng that you\·c never worn? A Lor ~ ofrh ing:., I'm afra id. T he last o ne was a brown leather coat. Interviewer \\' hat was wrong with it? A Well. I bought it onli ne, from a website thar has cheap offers. bur when ir arrived it looked complNcly different from" hat it looked like on screen and I decided I didn't like it. So it's in Ill) wa rdrobe. l'm ; urc I'm ne,·cr goingto wea r it, but perhaps I'll give it to someone as a present. 2 32 >)) Presen ter Last Friday Svcn, a lawyer fro m Stockholm. was looking forward ro a relaxing rwod<tys in rhc mountain>. I Ie and his wife had a reservatio n in a luxury hmcl ar a s kiing resort. so they could spend rhc weeke nd skiing. Bur the weekend didn't \\Ork out exactly as they were expecti ng. Svcn \\ orked until late o n Friday C\'Cning. His office was on the I 2rh fl oor. When he finished. at 8 o'clock. he locked his office and got into the lift ... and he didn't get our agai n until \1o nda) morning! Sven I pressed the button for the ground floor and the lift sta rted going down but then it stopped. I pressed the burton again bur nothing happened. I pressed rhc alarm and shouted bur nobody heard me. Most people had already gone home. ! rried ro phone my wife bur my mobile didn't work in the lifr.l couldn't do anything. I just sat on rhc floor and hoped maybe >Omcbody would realize what h;od happened . But on Sat urday and Sunday I knew nobody would be there. I slept most ofrhe t ime to forget how hungry I was. Presenter Meanwhile vcn's wife. Silvia. was wairing fo r her husband to come home. S ilv ia I wa• very worried when he didn't come home on Friday evening and I couldn't understand why his mobile wa n't working. I phoned rhc police and t hey looked for him bur thC) couldn't find him anywhere. I thought maybe he wa~ with another woman. Presente r o \'Cn wa~ in the lift rhe whole weekend from hiday C\'e ning until Monday morning. At eight o'clock. wben rhe office workers arrived. they phoned rhe e mergency number and somebody came and repaired rhe lift. Sven I was very happy ro get our. I hadn't eaten s ince Friday afternoon a nd I was ' 'cry hungr~. lr 's lucky that! a m not claus trophobic because rhe lift wa, ve ry ~mall. The first thing I did was to phone my wife to ~:o y t·hatl was OK. Presenter Svcn will soon be the fittes t man in his offi ce - from now on he's going to take the stairs every da) - even though it ·s 12 floors. 2 42 l)) Interviewer Todav we talk to Laurel Reece, who's writing a book al;out how 10 live more slowly. She's gni ng to give us fi,·c useful tips. Laurel lyfi rs t tipissomNhingwhichisvery simple ro say. bur more d ifficult ro do in practice. \Vharcvcr you're doing. jus t try 10 slow down and e njov it. If vou're walk ing >Omewhcrc. tn' ro walk mor~ slowly: if you a rc drh,ing. make yo~rself drive mo re slowlv. It doesn't matter what vou arc doing. cooking. having a shower. cxercisi~g in the g) m. just slow down and really en jo) the moment. \\'e all try to do too man~ things that we just don't have rime for. o Ill} second tip is make a list of the three things which arc most important for you. your priorities in li fe. T hen when you\·e made your l i~r ma~e >ure rhar you spend rime doing t ho~e things. Imagine for example that your t hrcc thing• arc your fam ily. reading, and playing s ports. T hen make sure that you spend enough time with your family. that you have s pace in your life for reading. and tharyou have time to do > port~ . And forget about trying to do other thi ngs rhar you haven't got time for. Tip number three is don't try ro do rwo things at the same rime. T he worst thing you can do is ro mult ira~k . So for exa mple. don't read your emails while) ou arc talking 10 a friend on the phone. If you do that. you aren't really focusing on your cmails or )Our frie nd and you arcn·r going ro feel \err reJa,ed either. Tip numhcr four is \ ery s imple: once a day. C\cry day. s it down and do noth ing for half an hour. For example. go to a cafe and sit outside. or go ro a park and ~it on a bench. Turn off your phone so that nobod) can cont act you, a nd then just s ir and watch the" orld go b). T his will really help you ro slow down. OK. My fift h and final tip. One ofrhe mos t relaxing thing> you ca n do is robe near wareror even hettcr,to be on water. o if you live near a lake or river. go and sit by rhc river. or go boating. If you live near t he sea. go a nd iron t he beach. Relax and listen ro the sound o f rhe wind and rhe water. You will feel your bod y and mind slowing down as rhe m inutes go pasr. 2 45 >)) First I did rhc phoro tesr. l was ncar C har ing C ross station. I • topped a man who was walking quire ' lowly down rhe road and I aid, 'Excuse me. could )OU take my photo?' The man said. · 1o. no. no rime for that.' a nd jusr continued walking. Then I asked a businessman in a grey suir who was walking tOwards rhcstation. He tOOk o ne phoro. bur when I asked him to take another one he walked away quickly. 1 ext. ir was the sho p ping resr.l went to a to uri t shop in Oxford Street and I bou gh t a key ri n g and a red bus. T h e red bus was ver y expensive. The total price was fo rty pounds. I gave th e man a hundred pounds. He gave me sixty po u nds back. Finally. it was time for the accid ent tesr. For thi resr I wenr down into the Tube- rhc London Underground. As I went d own rhe stairs I fell over and sar a n the floor. A m an im mediately StOpped and looked down ar me. I thought he was going ro help me bur he didn'r - he jus r said 'Why don·r you look where )Ou're going?' 2 51>)) Prese nte r t exr in ourlisrofthi ngswh ich you rhough r were bad for you is chocolate . Jane. our food exper r. is going to rell u~ why acrually it can be good for us. Jane Well. there have been a lo t of srudies recently about chocolate. Remem ber. chocolate is something that we've been eati ng for h und reds of years. ir's not a m odern invention. And rhe studies show that chocolate, like red wine. conrains a ntioxidants. In facr chocolate has mo re anrioxid am s rhan wine. T hese an tioxidants can pro tecr usagainst illnesse likehean d i ease. Presenter Reallv? Jane Yes. bur. and t his is ''cry impo rranr. all the good a ntioxidants are o nly in dark chocolate. So don't car milk chocolate or whirechocolare - rhcy aren'r healthy at a ll. And o f course you also need to remem ber th at alt ho ugh dark chocolate is good for you. it contains quite a lor ofcalories. so if you're worried about your we ight . don·r ear roo much. One or rwo pieces a day is enough. Presenter G rear news fo r me because I love chocolate! And now to Tony. our TV journalist. Tony. newspaper articles are always telling us abour srudics which say rha r we warch roo much TV, rha r we spend roo much time s itting in fro nt o f t he T V and rhar as a res u lt we don't d o enough exercise. They also say rh ar warchi ng TV makes us sru pid. ls th is a ll rruc Tony? Tony Well. it's almost certainly t rue t hat we watch roo much television, but ir probably isn't rr ue rhar watching T V makes us srupid. l've jusr finished reading a book by a science wr ite r. S rc,·cn Johnson. called Et·eryrhiu[J bad is aood for you. One thing he says in his book is rhar mod ern TV ser ies like Tire Soprauos o r House or Mad Me11 arc more intellectually srimularing than T V ser ies we re 20 years ago. He says rhar rhese shows arc complicated an d 1·ery cleve r a nd t hat they help ro make us mo re intelligent. Pres enter Well. I can believe that. but wha t abo ut rcaliry shows rhat arc so popular o n TV.I can·r believe rhat these a rc good for us. Tony Well. Srcven Johnson says that we can even learn someth ing from reality s hows- he says rhis kin d of programme can teach us about group psycho logy. about how people behave when t hey're in a group. Prese n ter Well , rha n k you. Tony and Jane. o now you k now what to d o rhis even ing. You can sir down in front ofrhe TV wirh a box of dark chocolates ... 2 55 >)) H o lly Hey. Rob. come on. Keep u p. Rob orry. l'm a bit tired this morning. H o lly You aren't exactly in good shape. are you' Rob I know. I know. I think I'm carin g roo muc h. Holly Then ear less! Rob It isn't easy. I car o ut all the rime. And rhc porrions in A m erican re srauranrs are enonnous. H o lly You d o n't d o e nough exercise. Rob I walk a lo r. H o lly Walkin g is n'reno ugh. Rob. Do you d o a nything to keep fir? Rob I cycle when I'm in Lo ndo n ... Holly o why don't you get a bike here? Rob I'm o nly here for a nother three weeks. Anyway. my ho tel's ncar rhe office. ! do n't need a bike. Holly You know. Jen n ifer goes ru nn ing all t he time. Before and after work. Bur I jusr thin k rhar run ning is just so bor ing. I mea n. wherc's the fun? Rob Yeah. l'm no r very keen o n run ni ng. H o lly o why don't you play basketball wirh me and my fr iend s' Rob OK. That 's a grear idea! Bu r I d o n·r have any t rainers. H olly Trainers> Sneakers! You can buy som e. Rob J, rhcre a sports sho p near here? H o lly urc. there's one across t he srrcet . 2 59 >)) R ob H i Jenny. Jenny Oh. h i. R o b H ave you had a good day? Jenny O h. you kno w. Meetings! W hat abour you' R ob It wa~ great. I wem to Brook ly n a nd m et some really interest in g people. Je nny And you had rime ro go sho pping. roo. Rob Whar? O h yeah. l'\'c jusr bough t t hese. Jenny What a rc they? R o b f\ pair o f trainers -cr. ~ neakcr~. J enny t icc. Why did you buy •neaker ,> Rob I think I need ro ger a bit fitter. Jenny Oh. I'm impressed . You kno w, I go r u n n ing ever y mo rning in Central Pa rk. Rob Do you? Jenny lr's so beautifu l early in rhe mor nin g. Why don't you come with me? Rob Er ... ~ure. Why no t? Jenny Great! I'll come by your hotel tomorrow mo rn ing. Rob OK . \ harrime? Jenny Six forry-five' R ob Six ... ? Jenny Forty-five. R ob Can we make it a bir later' Say. seven fo rtyfive? Jenny T hat's 100 la te. Rob. Let's make it seven fifteen . Rob OK. Jenny Excellent. SeC' you la ter. Rob G reat. H o lly Ba, kerhall and run n ing. Ro b. You mus t have a lo t of ene rgy. Rob Er... yeah. 3 8 >)) Presenter Today's topic is ·positive thinking·. We all know that peo ple who a re posit h·e enjoy life more rhan people who are negarivc and pessimistic. Bm scientific tudies show rhat po~i rive people are a lso healthier. They get berrer more q uickly when they arc ill. a nd rhey live longer. A rccenrstudy has shown rhar people who are o ptimistic and rh in k po irively live. o n average. nine year. lo n ger rh an pe~si mis ri c people. So, let 's hear what you rhe lis teners rhink. Do you ha1·e any ideas ro help us be mo re positive in our lives? 3 9 >)) Prese nter Our firsrcaller thi cven ingisAndy. Hi An dy. \Vhar's your rip fo r being positive? Andy Hello. Well, I think it's very im po rtant ro live in t he presem and no t in the pas t. Don't th ink about mistakes you made in the past . You ca n't ch an ge t he past. The important thin g is to th ink abo ut how you can do things better no w a nd in the future. Presenter T hank you. Andy. And no w we h ave another caller. \ Vh ar 's your name. please? Julie H i, My na me's Julie. M y tip is th ink positive tho ug hts. no r negative ones. \ e a ll ha,·c ncgatil't· tho ughts sometimes. bur when we rart ha1•ing them we need to stop and rry to change them inro pos itive ones. Like. if you have an exa m ro morrow and you s rarrrhinking ' I'm s ure I'll fair. rhcn you' ll fail the exam. So you need ro change that negat ive thought to a positive though t. Just think ro you rself 'I'll pass'. ! do this and it usually works. Pres enter Thank you, Julie. And o ur nex t caller is Marrin. Hi Martin . Martin Hi. My rip is d o n't spend a lor o f t im e reading rhc papers o r watchi ng the news o n TV. lr' a lways bad news and it just makes you feel depressed . Read a book o r listen ro your favo urite music instead. Presente r Than ks. Marrin. And our next caller is l ir ia m . Miria m? Miriam Hi. Pres enter H i Mir iam.\ hat's yourrip? Miria m M y rip is el'e ry week make a list o f a ll th e good things rhat happened ro you. Then keep rhe lisr with you. in your bag or in a pocke t, and if you're feelin g a bit sad or depressed. jusr ra ke ir out a nd read it. It'll make you feel bcrrer. Pre senter T ha nks. Miriam . And o ur last call is from Michael. Hi Michael. We're listen ing. Michael Hi . My rip is to t ry to use posit ive language when you speak to other people. Yo u know. if your fr iend has a p roblem. don't say ' I'm sorry' o r ·oh. poor you', say something positive like ' Don'rworry! Every thing w ill be OK'. That way you' ll ma ke the orher person thi nk more positively about thei r problem. Presenter Thank vou, Michael. Well. rhar's a ll we've got rime fdr. A big t hank you tOall o ur callers. Until next week then. goodbye. 3 13>)) Presenter Earlier this year. ten years after S revc sent the lerrer. some builders were renovating rhe living room in Carmen's mother's ho use. When rhey rook out the fi replace they found Steve's letter, and gave it to Carmen's <>isrer. and she sent rhc letter to Car me n in Pa ris. Car men was now 4 2. and she was sri II s ingle. Carme n W hen I got rhe letter I didn't call S teve srraig hr away because I was so ner vous. I kept picking up the phone and purring it down again. I nearly d id n'r phone h im at a ll. But I knew rhar I had ro makethe call. Prese nter Ca rm en fina lly m ade the call and S teve an wered the pho ne. He was also now 4 2 and also si ngle. Steve I couldn't believe ir when she pho ned. I've just moved house. bur luckily I kept my o ld ph o ne num ber. Pres e nte r Steve and Carme n arran ged to meet in Paris a few days late r. Steve \\I hen we mer ir was like a film . \Ve ra n across t he airport and into each o rher 's arms. Withi n 30 seconds of seeing each or her again we were ki,sing. We fel l in love all over aga in. Presenter Last week the couple got married. 17 years after they first mer. Carm e n I never gor m arried in a ll rhose years, bur now I have ma rr ied the ma n! always loved . Presenter o Ste,·e a nd C arme n are together at last. But w ill rhcy keep rheir pro m ises? 3 17 >)) Patient o what does ir mean. docror? Dr Well. firsr rhe parry. A party is a g ro up of people. This means that you're going to m eet a lot of people. I th ink you' re goi ng to be very busy. Patie nt /\t work? Dr Yes. at work ... you work in an o ffice. ! rhink? Listening 121 Patient Yes. rhat"s right. Dr I think rhe parry means you a re going co have a lorofmecrings. Patien t \Vhat about rhe champagne? D r Let me look at my nores again. A h yes. you were drink ing champagne. C hampagne means a celebration . lt"s a symbol of success. So we have a meering or meering and rhen a celebration. Maybe in the fu ture you'll ha\'Ca meeting with your boss. abour a possible promotion? Patient Well. ir's possible. I hope so. Whar abour rhe garden and rhe fl owers? Do rhey mea n anythi ng? D r Yes. yes. Flowers are a positive symbol. o rhe flowe rs mean rhar you arc feel ing posirivc about rhe future. o perhaps you already kne\\ about rh is possible promorion? Patie n t No, I didn't. Bur it's true. I am very happy ar work and I feel very positive abour my furure. T hat"s nor where my problems a re. My problems arc with my love life. Does my dream rell you anyrhing about rhat? D r Mm ,yes irdoes. You·re si nglc. arcn'ryou? Patient Yes. well. divorced. Dr Because rhe violin music rells me you wanr some romance in your life- )OU're looking for a partner perhaps? Patient Yes. yes. I am. In facr I met a womanlasr monrh - I really like her... I think I'm in love wirb her. I'm meering her ronighr. D r In your dream you saw an 0\\ I in a tree. Patien t Yes. an owl... a big owl. Dr T he owl represents an older person. ! t hink you'll need co ask rhis older person for help. :\1a)•be this ·older person· is me? Maybe you need my help? Patient Well. yes. what I really wanr to know is does rhis pe rson. rhis woman ... love me? 3 18>)) Patient Well , yes, what I really wa nr ro know is does rhis person, rhis woman ... love me? D r You rememberrhe end of your d ream? You were feeling cold> Patient Yes, my feet were very cold. Dr Well. l think perhap you already know rhe answer ro your question. Patient You mean she doesn't love me. Dr o, l don't think so. I rhink you will need 10 find anorher woman. I'm sorry. Perhaps you can find someone on rhe internet? I have heard of a very good webs ire ... 3 23 >)) Nigel Hi Suze. Sorry I'm a bit Iare. I was watching rhe march. S uzy Comeoninthen.Mum.t his isN igcl. igel rhisis my mum. igel Oh ... hello. Mu m icc ro meer you. igcl. Su zy And th is is my Dad . Dad Hello, igel. Nigel Hello. D a d Come on inro rhe living roo m. Dad Would you like a drink . igeJ> O range juice, beer? igel O h thanks. John. I'll have a beer. please. Mum You'rea vegeraria n, arcn·r you, igeJ> Nigel Yes, I am . Personally I think caring a nimals is totally wrong. Mum Ahem. well. this is vegetable lasagne. ! hope you like it. Suzy's Dad made ir. Dad Any more lasagne, igcl? Nigel Oh. cr, no thanks. I'm not ,·ery hungry. G irl The lasagne is delicious, Dad. Mu m Yes, it is. Dad T hank you. S uzy I' ll do rhe washing up. Mum . Dad o. l' lldoir. 122 Listening Nigel Er. whcre's rhc bathroom? igel D id you warch rhe match rhis evening, John? C helsea and Arsenal. It was fantastic! D a d o. l didn't warch ir. l don't like football at all. In fa cr I hare it. Nigel Oh . Mum o ...whar are you going to do when you finis h university. igel? igel Er. I don't know. Dad Whar :rre you rudying at univers ity? Nigel ociology. D a d Why did you choose sociology? Nigel Because I rhougbr ir wa easy. Mum Is it interesting> Nigel It 's OK. Er ... W hat wa> S uq li ke as a lirtlc girl. Marion? Do you have any photos of her? M um Phoros ofSuzy? Yes. we have thousa nds of photos. She was a lovely lit tle girl. wasn't she John? Dad Yes. she was. A beauriful lirtle girl. Nigel Can I see some> S uzy Oh no. please. Mum John. can you bring rhe phoro albums? M u m Look. and this is one when she was three years old. Dad And rhis is when we wcmto Disneyland. T hat ·s uzy wirh Micky and Minnie Mouse. Nigel Ah!Shewas sosweer. D ad Wo uld you like another beer. igel? Nigel Yes. please. John. 3 32 >)) Inter viewer G ood morning and wclcome.ln roday·s progra mme we're going ro ralk about singi ng. In rhe studio we have Marrin , the direcror of a si nging school in Londo n. and Gemma, a st udem ar Manin'sschool. Good morn ing ro borh of you. Martin / Gem ma Good morning. I nterviewer Firsr. Man in . can you rell us, why is ir a good idea for people ro learn ro sing? Martin Firs t. because singing makes you feel good. And secondly, because s inging is very good for vou r health. Interviewer Really? In what way? Martin \Veil , w hen you learn to s ing you need to learn 10 breathe cor rectly. Thar's very important. And you also learn ro srand and sir correcrly. As a result, people who sing are often fitter and healt hier rhan people who don"t. I ntervicwer Are your courses only for professional singers? Mar tin o. nor ar a ll. They're fo r everybody. You don't need to have any expe rience ofsinging. And you don ·r need to be able ro read mus ic. Interviewer So how do your s tudents learn ro sing? Mar tin T hey lea rn by lisrening a nd repeating. inging" ell is really 95% lis teni ng. I nterviewcr OK. G e mma. tell us abour rhe course. How lo ng did it lasr? Gem ma Only one day. From ten in rhc morning to s ix in rhe evening. Martin Could you al ready sing well before you taned? Gemma o. nor well. I've always liked singing. Bur I can ·r read music and I never rhoughr I sang very well. I nte r viewer So whar happe ned on the course? Gemma Well , first we did a lot oflisrening and breathing exercises. a nd we lea rnr some orher i nreresri ng rcch n iq ues. Interv ie wer \Vhat son ofrhings? Gemma Well , fo r example we learnt rhar it' easie r ro sing high norcs if you sing with a surprised look on your fa ce! I n rerviewe r Oh really? Could you show us? Gemma Well, I' ll rry. I nterviewer For those of you at home. I ca n promi.se you rhar Gemma looked very surprised . Were you happy wirb your progress? Gemma i\bsolutcly. Atrhe end of the day we were singing in almosr perfect harmony. lr was amazing. In just one day we really were much bette r. I nter viewer Could you rwo give us alirrle demonsrrarion? Marti n f Gem ma Oh. OK . .. 38 >)) Journal ist I arrived ar Madrid airport where I met Paula. Hola Soy Max. Pau.la Encantada. oy l'aula. Jo urnalis t Paula rook me to my hotel and that evening we wenr ro rhe cenrre of Madrid and it was rime for my fir r tesr. I had to order a sandwich and a drink in a bar rhe n ask for the bill. I sat down at rhe bar and I tried ro order a beer and a ham sandwich.l'orJavo r. una cer••e:a y 1111 bocadillo dejam6n. Waiter En seBnida. Jou rnalist Fantastic! The waiter understood me firs t rime. My pronunciation wa n"t perfect bur I gor my beer and my sandwich. I really en joyed it. Bur rhen the mo re difficult bir. Asking for rhe bill. .. .;Cnamo es? \ Vaiter Seis no ..enta. Journa lis t .;Como? Waite r cis no•·e11ta. Jo u rnalist ix ninety. I undersrood! Paula gave me eight points for rhe tesr. l was very happy with rhar. ext we wenr our into the street. Test number two was asking fo r directions and (very important!) understanding them. We were in a na rrow srreet and I had 10 stop someone and ask rhem for rhe nearest chemist. Unafarmacia. I topped a woma n. At fir r I didn't understand anything she said! P asser -by SiBa todo recto y tome Ia seBturda par Ia de reclw. Hay una Ja rmacia en esa calle. Journa lis t I asked the woman ro speak more slowly. Passer-by Todo recto y tome Ia se811nda calle par Ia de reclw DER EC HA . Jou rnalis t I got ir this rime, ! think . The second srreet o n rhe right. I followed rhe directions and guess whar? There was a chemist there! even poi nr from Paula. Test numbe r rhree. I wasn't looking forwa rd ro rh is one. l had roger a taxi ro a famous place in Madrid. Paula wro te down the name of t he place on a piece of paper. lr was rhe name of rhe football s tadium where Real lad rid play. We stopped a raxi. Jou rna lis t £1 Bemabeu. par jal'or. Taxi driver .;Que? ,;Adoude? Journalis t He didn't understand me. l rried again bur he stil l didn't unde rstand. I was desperate so I said Real Madrid, Stadium ,football. Taxi d river ;Air! El Sa miaBo Bemabeu. Journ alist Finally! Pa ula only gave me five because I ended up using EngJjsh. rill, ar lea r I made the t axi driver understand where I wanted ro go. A nd oro the fi nal resr. l had to leave a me sage in pan ish on somebody's voicemail.l had ro give my name, spell ir, and ask rhe person tP call me back. Paula gave me rhe number (it was one of her friends called Lola) and I dialled. I wa feeling a bit nervous at this point, because speaking o n the phone in a foreign language is never easy. Lola Deje sumerrsaje despues de Ia serial. Journal is t Elr. Buenas rrocltes. Soy Max. Max. M-A· X. Elr ... Porjai'Our. .. llamarmeesta uoc/u:. .. Olr yes ... a las 8.30. elt Gracias. Well. my grammar was n·t right. bur llefr rhe message. Half an hour Jarer. ar half pasr eighr Lola phoned me. Success! Paula ga,·e me eight poinrs. That was the end of my four tests. Paula was pleased wirh me. My final score was seven. ! was quite happy wirh rha1. o ho\\' much ca n you learn in a monrh? Well. of cour e you can't learn Spanish in a monrh. but you ca n lea rn enough tO urvive if you are o n holiday or on a trip. ow I want to go back to England a nd rry and learn o me more. ;Adios! 3 39 >)) Jenny Are )OU okay? Rob 1e? 'ever ben er. Jenny h 's beautiful here, isn't it? I thi nk t his is my fa,ouri re place in 1ew York. Rob Yeah, it's great. Jenny o how's it all going? Are you happy you came? Rob To Central Pa rk? At seven fifteen in the morning' Jenny To cw York, Rob. Rob Yeah. Ofcourse I'm happy. It's fanra ric. Jenny Really? You aren't just sa) ing that. Rob o,l mean ir. Jenny You need to get in shape, Rob. Rob I know. I am a birr ired ofeat ingout all the rime. It isn't good for my figure. Jenny h '• the rest au rams you go to! \: hy do n't you come over LO my place after worl? I could make you something a little healthier. Rob I'd really like rhar. T hanks. Jenny o, how do you feel now? Are you ready ro go agai n? Rob O h yes! I'm ready for anything. Jenny Are you sure you're okay? Rob Absolutely. Jenny O kay. We'll only go around rwo more ti mes. Rob Two? Excellem! 3 43 >)) Rob That was a lovely meal. T hanks, Jenny. Jenny T l 3t's O K. Rob It's been great being in 1C\\ York. You know, )OUr offcrro work here came at a' cry good rime for me. Jenny Really? Rob Yea h, I was looking for something new. omerhing different. You see, I broke up wit h my girlfriend a few mom hs before I met you. Jenny Oh ... right. Rob What about you? Jenny W hat about me? Rob You know... re lat ionshi p~? Jenny Oh. I've been roo busy recently to think about relationships. Getting this job at the maga1.ine was a really big thing for me. I guess that's taken up all my t ime and energy. Rob But that isn·r very good for you. O nly thinking about work, I mea n. Jenny Why did n't you tell me you weren't feeling well this mo rning? \Ve d id n't have to go for a run. Rob I wanted to go. It was nice. Jenny Well, I'm glad you're feeling ben er. Would you like a nor her coffee? Rob o, thanL.s. I think I should get bacL. ro the hotel now, I've got a rea II) buS) day tomorrow. Do you ha,•e a telephone number for a taxi? Jenny Yeah ... bur it's much easierro get a cab on the street. Rob Oh, OK, t hen. Jenny I' ll sec you in the morni ng. if you're feeling OK. Rob O h, I'm s ure I'Ll be fi ne. Than ks aga in for a great evening. Jenny An) rime. Ro b Good night. Jenny ighr, Rob. 3 51 >)) Presenter Welcome to this morni ng's edition of \VIrat 's tl•e problem? Today we're talking about fr i e nd ~. so if you have a problem with o ne of your friends, and you'd like our psychologist Catherine to give you some advice, jus t phone us on 800 700 550. O ur first caller today i ~ Kevin from Birmi ngham. HeUo. Kevin. Kevin I Ii. Presente r W hat's the problem? Kevin Yes. My problem is" irh Ill) best fr iend. Alan. Well, rhc thing is, he's always fl irting with my girlfriend. Presenter Your best friend fl irts with )OUr girlfriend? K evin Ye,, " hen the th ree of us a re rogerher he alwa)S sap t hings ro my girlfriend li ke, ·w o"! You look fa ntastic today' or ' l lo'c )Our dress. uLanna', th ings like rhar. And when we're at a part ) he often asks herro dance. Prese nter Do )OU t hink he's in lme with your girl friend? Kevin I don't know, bur I'm getting rea lly stressed about it. W hat ca n I do? 3 52 >)) Presente r Wcll.ler·s see if our expert can help. Catherine? Cathe rine Hello, Kevin . Have )OU talked to )OUr girlfriend about th is? Kevin o. l haven't. l don't wam SuLanna to t hink l'm jealou,. C atherine Well. first I th ink you ' hould ralk to her, ask her how she feels and what >he thinks of Alan's behaviour. Perhaps s he thinks it's fi ne. and they arc just good friends. T hat it's jus t his personalit). l fthar's what she th inks. then I thin k )OU 'hould accept it and relax. Kevin What should I do if s he a l~o fi nds it er. d ifficult, er, uncom fortable? Catherine T hen I think \'OUs hould talk ro Alan. Tell him t hat he's a good friend. bur rhar you and u1.anna have problems with the way he behaves. I'm sure he'll s top doing ir. H e'~ probably never thought it was a problem. Kevin T ha nks very much fo r t hat. I'll talk to uzanna tonight. 3 53 >)) Presenter And our next caller is Miranda from Brighton . l-l i Mira nda. Mira nda IIi. Presente r And what's your problem? Miranda My problem i> with my husband's ex w ife. They divorced fi ve yea rs ago, before I met hi m. Bur , he sriII phones him arlca't o nce a week to char, a nd ifs he has a problem in her flat or with her car, s he a lways calls him and asks him ro come and help her. Presenter Does your husband have children with hbex-wife? Miranda o, they don't have a ny child ren. That's why I t hink she s hould s tay our of our lives. Presenter Catherine. over to you. What do you th ink Miranda s hould do? 3 54 >)) Catherine II i Mi randa. Well, r h~ fir>t thing i' have )OU spoken ro your husband about this? Mira nda Ye , I ha,·e. He t hinks I'm being d ifficult. lie feels orr) for his ex - she·, on herO\\ n. she doe~ n ' t have a part ncr. Cathe rine O K.Miranda,do}Ouha,ean) male frie nds, men who arc jusr good friends' Miranda Yes, I have a fr iend called Bill. We've been friends since I was a teenager. C athe rine T hat's perfect. My adv ice i~ t his: when your hus ba nd's ex-wife pho nes and asks him to go and see her, phone Bil l and arrange ro meet and ha' e a dri nk or go to rhc cinema. Every time )OUr hu,band meers his ex o r has a long phone call, t hen you meet Bill or ha'c a long phone call. He'll soon sec what's happen ing. a nd he'll stop seeing his ex. Mira nda I think that's a great idea. T hank you. Catherine. Presente r And the next caller is ... 6 >)) Prese nte r A nd ro fi nis h our progra mme roday, the incredible story of a Swedish couple who wenr on holiday and un·ived no fewer than seven narural disasters! refan and Erika vansrrom started their four-month trip last December. T he) were tra' elling with their young baby daughter. First they flew from S tockholm to Munich. Bur when they arrived in Munich they couldn't ger thei r con necting fl ight ro Thailand because there was a terrible blizzard in ourh Germany-the \\Or t sno" srorm for a hundred )Cars! They had to "a it at the airport for 24 hours. Mr~ \an;trom said: Mrs Svans tro m ·we just thought things" ill get better.' Presenter W hen rhey fin ally got ro Thailand. they had a relaxi ng few week,. Bur r hat was t he last time t hey could really relax. From Thailand they flew ro the island of Bali in Indonesia. a popular holiday destinat ion. W hen t hey arrh·ed in Bali the) were expecting blue skies and sun. bur what t he) got" ere terrible monsoon rain'> - the"~"' monsoons for manv \Car~. M rs vansrrOm satd: Mrs vans tro m · ~'~ "e were t hinking. what will happen next?' Prese nter T hey decided nor to 'ta) in Bali. bur to go ro Aust ralia. T hey flew ro Penh in Western Australia, bur hours a fter they arrived Perth suffered terrible forest fires. and t he street were full of smoke. T hey rra,•ellcd north ro Cairns, and arrived ju;,r in time fo r Cyclone Ya;i - one of the \\Orst C)clones e'er ro hit the city. T he) had to leave t heir horcl and spend 24 hours in a shopping centre with 2.500 or her people. Could things get any worse? Yes, the) cou ld. The 'an strom fa mily left Cairns and t ravelled ~ou t h to Brisbane w visit friends, butt he city was su fferi ng from rhe worM floods in irs hi> tory. o t hey left Brbbane and booked ro fly ro C h ristchurch in ew Zealand. Bur just before thei r plane left Brisbane some friend~ phoned them to say that Christchurch had been hit by an ea rthquake and a large part of t he ciry wa' destroyed. Their plane landed in another cit\ Auckland. They tra,·elled around 1 ew ze'a'land for a wh ile, and t hen t he) fie\\ to Japan. On Ma rch lit h t hey were having lunch in a restaurant in Tokyo when ;uddcnly everything began ro sha ke. It was an earthquake: n ine on the Richrer sca leandoneoft hewors r rhar e,•er hit Japan. And after t he eart hquake came a devastat ing tsunami. Fortunately. ~ lr and ~I rs Svansrrom and their child" ere nor hurL The) rra, elled from Japan ro C hina for the la~r part of t hei r holiday. Luckil).they didn't ha'e any more natural disasters. and they arrived safely home in Srock holm o n 29th l arch. Mr van~trom >aid: M r Svans tro m ·we ha'e learnt t hat in life you shou ld always expect the wor". but hope for the best. Also. you need robe prepared for anything.' 4 10 >)) Par t 3 H a rtley ·ttdoisc" ill go." Read e r said Hartle) angril) . H a r t ley · t ha,en'r had one da~ without problems since I mer her. You are right, Vivienne. Heloise must go before I can rake you home. Bur she will go. I have decided ..... Vivie nne "Then." R eader sa id Vivienne, Vivie nne "my answer is yes. l will be yours." Reade r She looked into his eyes and II art ley could hardly believe his luck. H artley "Promise me," R eade r he said. Viv ie nne ·t promise." R eader repeated Vh ienne. softly. At the door he ru rned and looked ar her happil). H a rtley · t will come for you romorro\\," R ead er he said. Vivienne "Tomorrow:· Read e r s he repeated with a smile. An hour and forty minutes later Hartley "epped off the train when it stopped in t he ~u burb;,, and walked ro his hou,e. As he walked towards the door a woman ran to him. he had black hair and was wearing a long white dress. They kissed. and walked into the house. Listening 123 ' 4 11 >)) Pa rt4 H a rtley's wife "M) morher is here.· R ead e r rhc \\Oman ~aid. H a rtley's w ife "Bur she's leaving in half an hour. he came ro ha\'e dinne r. burr here's nothing to ear.· H a rtley "I ha'e ~omcrhing ro rell you: R eade r ~aid Harrlcy. l le whispered somcrhing in her ear. I lis wife screamed. He r morher came running imo rhe ha ll. The woman screamed again. bur il was a happ~ ~c ream - rhe sound of a woman "ho'e husband lo,ed her. H a rtley's wife "Oh. mother!" R eade r s he c ried. Hartley's w ife "\Vhar do you th ink? Vivienne is coming robe our cook! he is rhc cook rhar wa~ wirh rhe 1oorgomery's. he's going robe ours! And now, dear: R ead e r she rold her husband. H a rtley's wife "you mu'r go ro rhc kitche n and rei I Heloise ro lea\ e. he has been drunk again all day." 4 20 >)) I Int e r vie we r Do)ouha,ean~ phobias? A Ye~. I'm terrified of bar\. I n ter v iewe r Reali~? Ito" long ha'e ~ou had rhe phobia? A 1\e had ir for abour forry )Cars! incc I was 12 'ea r ~ old. Ar my school we had a swimmi ng pool. and rhe changing rooms were in an old building ncar rhe pool. On rhe flrsr day ar school our reacher rold '" rhar there were bats in rhere and rhar we shouldn't move around too much as rhey might start nying around and gcr into our hair. he also said we mustn'r rurn rhc lights on because 1his would wake up rhe bar s. We had ro change as quickly and quietly as po~~ibl c. I nrerviewer Did a bar every ny ioro your hair? A No. norhinge, cr happened. but I was terrified jusr ar the rhoughr of it. I nrervie wc r Does ir affect your life at all? A Yes. I ofrcn feel very nervous or s rarr ro panic if I'm oursidc when it's beginning ro get dark. "hich i~" hen bars appear. Ifl'm sitting in m~ garden in rhe e'cning. I always ha\'e a tennis racket. so if a bar nie~ ncar me.l can prorecr Ill} self. And I can't watch aT\' documenrar) about bars. ore\ en look at rhem in phoros. 2 Inte r viewer Do )OU ha'e any phobias' B Ye>. I ger 'cry bad claustrophobia. Inte r v iewer How long ha\c you had rhe phobia? B h just starred one morning about reo years ago. I" a~ going to \\Or!.. on rhe rrain and it was ,cry cro,.dcd. l ~ra n ed thinking rhat ifrhere were an accident. I'd never get our. I had a panic anack and I sorr of felt my hcarr bearing very quick!). I had roget offrhe rrain . Inter viewe r fl ow doc' your phobia affecr your life? B Well. I can'rtravel on crowded trains. l ne,·cr c\·e r tra\cl on rhc underground because my \\Or'r nighrmarc \\Ould be ifrhc train stopped in rhe lllnncl.l also rn ro avoid lifts. What else? O h yes. if I'm n)'ing.l OlliS! ha,·e an aisle sear. I ca n'r s ir b' rhc" indo" . 3 I nre rvie wc r Do ;.ou ha'e anv phobias? C Yes.l ha'e a pr;rry unusual phobia. I'm sca red ofclo" ns. Inte r vie we r Clow ns. rea II~? Ho\\ long ha\e )O ll had ir? C 1\c had it for a long rime. ince I was a child. I nrcrview e r I low did it sta rr? C \\'ell. I rc.> member I wenr on a school rrip to the circus\\ hen I was si' o r se,·en years old and rhcrc "ere clo\\ ns.l thought they were son of srupid burl wasn't really afraid of them. Then I \\Cill to a binhda) parry and rhere were clowns and rhcy were showing u' how 10 paint our face,, and I found I didn'r likc being near rhem. 124 listening Ar first I jusr didn't like the m. bur o'·er the years my feelings ha,·c cha nged ro fear. Int e rvi ewer Does your phobia affect your li fe ar all? C ot really because luckily I don·r see clowns \cry often! 4 29 >)) Good evening and welcome ro Top ourrds. our weekly music programme, and ronighr the focus is on rhc Larin music srar Enrique Iglesias. As I'm >ure ~ou all kno". Enrique Iglesias is the son ofrhe pan ish s inge r julio Iglesias." ho is one ofrhe mosr s uccessfu l singing arrisrs ofall rime. Enrique was born in Madrid, pain in 1975. Iii> mor her i' Isabel Prcysler. a journalisr and TV ho.r from rhe Philippine,. When he was three years old hi ~ parents gor divorced and larer he moved ro Miami ro li\'e with his farher.l lcsrarrcd studying 13usinc>s at Miami University. but he left after a )Car because he wan red to become a musician . He didn't "ant his fath er to know about his music career and he didn'r wanrro usc his fa mous s urname co be successful. o when he scm some of his songs ro 'cveral record companies he u>cd rhc name Enrique \llartinet.rnd he e'enruall) gor a contract with a le>.ican record com pan}. He made his flrsr album, called Eurique Iglesias in 1995. which \\ OOhim a Gramnw. lle rhen made rwo more albums and he had man); hirs in rhe Larin mu,ic charrs. AI fl r>l Enrique sang main I) in Spanish bur larcr he began to sing more and mo re in English roo. His fourth album, Escape in 200 1. was hi> biggest comme rcia l s uccess and included the s ingles Escape and llero. s ung in Englis h. which became hirs all O\'Cr the world and made Enrique an international snrr. ince rhcn he has made five other albums and ha~ also had a few acting parts in film> and TV programmes. Also in 200 I. he began daring rhc Russian rcn nis player. Ana Kournikova. bur rhcy kept their relationship very private. Today Enrique Iglesias is recognized as o ne of rhe most popular arrisrs in Larin Americ:r. lie ha<sold 100 million album>. which makes him o ne of the best selling arrisrsofall rime. 4 31>)) H o lly Thar was a good day's work. Rob. You did a grear interview. R ob You took some great phoros. roo. They're rcalh nice. H olly T hanks. Hey.ler's ha,·e a norher coffee. R o b I dorfr know. I have ro germ Manhattan. Holly You don't have ro go righr now. R o b l'mnorsu rc. ldon'rwantrobe lare. H o lly \\'h) do)ouha,·erogoroManharran? Rob 1\c gor a ... e rm ... Holly A dare? You have a date? Rob M m hm. H o lly Is it wirh anybody I know? R ob No. ir i~n 't. Anyway. excuse me a mi nute. I need to go ro 'the rcsr room·. H o lly Thar \very America n. I'll o rder more coffee~. R o b OK. Je nny Rob? Holly Is thar you. jennife r? Jenny Oh. hi I lolly. Erm ... is Rob there? H o lly Yeah. one second . Rob! or anybody I know. huh? R o b Iii. Jcnn) . Je nny Rob? re ~ou s ri II in Brooklyn? R ob Yeah. Jenny You know the rcscn·arion ar rhc restaurant's forcighr. righr ? R o b Don·r worr~. I'll be the re ! O h. ho\\ do I get to G reen" ich Vi llage o nrhc subwa)? 4 35 >)) R o b je nny! I'm here. Jenny Hi. R o b I'm so sorry. r hcrc was a problem o n the underground. Je nny \\'c ca ll irrhc sub" a) here. R o b Righr. Anyway. the train stopped for about twcnrv minutes. I rricd ro call bur there was no signal. Je nny 1\c been here since sc\cn forry-fl,·e. R ob I kno\\. 1ran fromrheundcrground ... sub"a) srarion ... I'm sosorn·. Jenny You're ah' a)S ta"re. It's funny. isn't ir? R o b I said I'm sorr). Look." h) don'r we go back inside rhc rc\lauram? Je nny I \\aired for an hour for you. I don'rwanr ro sray here anymore. R o b 1a) be \\e could ... we could go for a walk. We could find anorher re,rau ranr. Je nny I don'r feel like a walk. lr's been a long day. R o b OK. Je nny Burr he nighr is sri II you ng. Maybe you have rime to oncer up with I lolly again. R ob Holl)? Je nny I'm sorr).f didn't mean rosay rhar. R o b I don't care about Holly. Jenny Forger ir . Rob. 1 ow if)OUdon't mind. I'd li~e rogohomc. R o b Listen ro me. jcnn). fl oll) is jusr a colleague. Je nny I said forger ir.lt's OK. R o b o. ir isn't OK. Look. I know I'm always larc. ,\ nd I !..no" rhc underground is rhe subway. Bur rhar\ nor rhc poinr! I'm nor interested in Holl~. I came w C\\ York because of \OU. The onh person I'm inrcrcsred in iS)Ou! · ' 4 37 >)) Presente r Good afrernoon. and welcome ro a nor her edition of, citmce Today. In roday·s programme we arc going to hear abour women imcnrors. \\1 hcn we rhink of famous invenrors \\ C u>ually rhink of men. people like Alexander Graham Bell , Guglielmo Marconi. Thomas Edison. Bur , as Sally will rei I us. many oft he things which make our lives easier roday were inve nrcd by\\omcn. Sally That's absolurcly right. Let's rake rhe dishwasher for example. This was invenred b) a woman called Josephine Cochrane in 1886. She was a rich A mcrican who ga,·e a lor ofdinner parries. Bur she" as annoyed rhar her servanrs u'ed ro break pia res and glasses" hen rhey were washing up after a parry. So. josephine decided to rry and irwcnr a machine which could wash a lor of plates and glasses safely. pparenrl~· she said: ·tf nobod) else i\ going ro imenr a dishwasher, rhcn I" ill!' he designed rhc machine and rhen s he found a company ro make ir. At first on I) hotels and rcsrauranrs bought j osephi ne·~ new machine bur roda' rhe dish\\ asher is used b,• • millions of pcopl~ all O\Crthe world. The car was iO\entcd bv a man. bur ir was a woman. lary Anders~n. who in 1903 soh·ed one ofrhc biggcsr proble m ~ ofdriving. Unril her invenrion ir was impossible for drh·crs ro sec where rhey were going when ir was rain ing or s nowing. They had ro open rhcir window. The name of Ma ry's invcmion? Windscreen wipers. An invcnrion rhat dcflnircly improved rhe lives of million' of people was disposable nappies. The' \\ere in\'cmed b' a \\Oman called Marion Do•;o,an.ller far her ;nd uncle were im,enrors. and" hen s he had young children she sat down and imcnrcd a nappy rhar you could usc and rhcn throw away. 1\ n~ body" ho has a small baby" ill J..no" "har a big difference disposable nappics make ro our Ji,cs.Bur although she invenred it in 1950. it \\asn'r unril1961 thar an merican com pan) bought !arion's idea. Today millions of di>po~ablc nappic are used c,·er~· day and Iarion's imenrion has been made more ceofriend I) . O\\ you can bu) biodegradable nappies! nd no\\ roournc't irwcnror. ln 1956. Bene csm irh Graham was working as a sccrcrary. Like all ccrcrarics ar that rime she used ro gcr very fru<>tratcd and angr) when she made typing misrakc~. In rhose da)S if you made a mistake, you had ro gcr a new sheer of paper and starr again from the beginning. Then she had a brilliant idea. which was ro usc a white Liquid ro paint mer mistake . Her invention is called Tipp-Ex today. Mrs Graham was a divorced mother and her invention made her a very rich woman. Her son, Mike esmirh. became a famous pop star - he was a member ofr hc American gro up, The Monkees. And finally ... policemen, soldiers. and politicians all over rhe world arc protected by somet hing which was invented by a woman. In 1966 tephanie Kwolek inveored kevlar, a special material which wa• very light but incredibly strong. much stronger than metal. Th is material is used to make bullet-proof vests. Stephanie's inv~mion has probably saved thousands ofli ves. Prese nte r T han ks very much. Sally. So. if you thought that everythi ng was im•e nted by men, think again. 4 46 >)) 2 3 4 5 6 Presenter D id you li ke school? A o.definirclynot. Presen ter Why? A I didn't like most of the lessons-! was alwavs bored, and I hated exams. And rhe wor r thing' of all was PE. W here I went to school we used to play rugby. Ugh - ir was torture. Presemer Did you like school? B I loved primary school, bur I didn't really like secondan • •chool. Prescnt~r Why nor? B Well t he school was very big and it was sorr of cold and imper onal.lr took me a very long ri me before 1felt ar home there. nd I'm nor really very academic. but the school was. \Ve used ro get loads of homework which I hated. Presen ter Did vou like school? C Er.yes.l d id. ' Presente r Why? C I was very curious about e\'cryrhing whe n I was little. so I liked school because I lea rned about new t hings. And of course I used to ce my friends every day. The orhcr thing I loved was rhe libr:try- tn)' school had a fa nrasric library- ! e'·e n used to ray on t here after class just ro read. Oh dear, I ound very goody-goody, bur ir's true! P resenter Did you like school? D Not especially Pres e nter Why? D It was a boys' school and I gor a bit fed up wirh just being with boys all the rime. Presen ter Did you like school> E It was all right- some bits were better than ot hers. of cour c. The lessons I li ked depended very much on the reacher-so for exa mple physics and English were great. but chemistry and history were terrible. I generally liked s porr. cxcepr in the winter. I made some good fr iends ar ,chool, and I' m still in touch with a few of t hem 30 years late r. so I suppose that 's po itive! Presenter Did you li ke school? F AcruaUy. l used to really love school. Lessons were fin e, and I always did well wirhour having ro work too hard. But the real reason I loved school was because I had a very good social life. ! had lots offricnds and we used ro play foo tball in rhe playground at lunchtime. I was ooe of the gang. I felt rhar I belonged t here. I've never really felt li ke that since then. 5 11 >)) And our last srory on today's News Hour is about a n incred ible coincidence. Have you C\'er put your name inro Googlc or Facebook to sec what comes up? One evening last April, an American woman. Kelly Hildebrandt. did just that. She was feeling bored. ~oshe pur her name imo Facebook. She has quire an unusual name, so she was amazed ro discover t hat there was another pe rson on Face book wirh exacrly the same name and surname as her- but with one big difference. T he or her Kelly H ildebrandt was a man, and he lived in Texas. Kelly senr h im a message and t hey began to emai l each or her. Larer rhcy starred to phone each or her every day. and fina lly they mer in person. They discovered t hat t hey had more in common than jusr their name- they borh love rhe beach, and they bot h really e njoy cooking. Soon they realised that they were in love. At first they were wor ried that they might be related, but they found our rhar there was no fam ily con nection at all. and in October Kelly asked Kelly to mar ry him. T he rwo Kelly's ca ll each o ther ' Kel ly girl' and ' Kelly boy', and they say rhar having the same name often causes con fus ion - once when Kelly boy booked t ravel rickets for the m t he rraV('I agem almost cancelled one ticket because he tho ught t hat booking rwo tickers with the sa me name was a mistake. Bur t here is one thing that rhc rwo Kcllys are very clear about - if they have children they defin itely won't call t hem Kelly! 5 12 l)) Je nny I can't believe it. Your momh here is nearly over. It"s gone o fast. Rob I know. I've had a great ti me, Je nny. Jenny Me roo. lr's been rea lly special. Bur ... Rob Bur what? Je nny It won't be rhe sa me when you're in London and I'm here. R ob But we'll still be in touch. You can visit me in London and I can come back here ro sec you. Jen ny ltsrill won'rbethcsame. Rob o. o. it won 'r. Je nny Maybe... I could come back ro London w ith vou? R~b You can't do t hat Jenny. You've jus r gor rh is job. Jenny That's rrue. R ob Well, we ~rill ha'e ~omc time togerher. \ e're going out for d inner tonight! Je nny Yes, and I'm going to ra ke you somewhe re really nice. R o b Look at rhe t ime. I have ro go now; ir's my last interview in ew York. I don't want to be late. Jenny OK. ce you later then. R ob Bye. Bar bara Jenny. is Rob here? Jenny Oh. you jusr missed h im . Barbara. Barbara I really need to talk to h im. I'll rry him on his cell phonc. llcllo, Rob? It 's Barbara. Can you give me a call? T here's something I'd like to ralk about. 5 15>)) Rob Jenny! Jenny Rob! I have somet hing to tell you. Rob I ha,·e ~om erhin g ro tell you too. You go first. Jenny Well . I thought again about moving to London ... Rob Bur you don't need to move ro London . Jenny What? Rob Barbara ca lled me earlier. Je nny What about ? Rob She offered me a job. Her<.> . in New York! Jen ny W har?! Oh. rhar's great news. R ob You don't seem very pleased. Jenny I am , I mean , ir's grear! It's just t hat. Rob W hat> Jenny I scm Barbara an email this morning. Rob And? Jenny I told her I was quitting. and moving to London. Rob Don't worry. Maybe s he hasn't read you r email ycr. Jenny I'll call her. Barba ra Hello. Barbara Kearon. Je nny Barba ra> lr's Jenny. Barbara O h , hi Jen ny. Jenny Um. have you read your e mail recently? T here's one from me. Barbara Oh yes. I can see ir. I haven't ope ned it yet. Je nny Don'r open it! Delere it! Please just delete it. I'll explain later. Ba r bara O K. Ir'sgone. lsevcryrhingalrighr. Jen ny? Je nny Ye , t hanks. Nc,·er better. 5 19 >)) On Saturday night Karie Parfitt. a nurse from Manchester. came home from work . As soon as she opened the door. she realised that her cat, Joey, was behaving rather trangely. lnstead of being plea ed to see her. he starred att acking her. and rhcn. when she sat down ro have something to car. Joey jumped omo t he table and sat on her plate. T hen he jumped down onto the floo r and immediately went to s leep. He s lept all night. snoring very loudly. Katie couldn't underst and what the matter was wit h Joey- he had never behaved like th is before. However. when she mer her neighbour the next morn ing, rhe mystery was solved. 5 20 >)) My neighbour told me thar he was having a drink in our local pub on Sat urday. Suddenly he saw my car joey walk in though the door - it was open because it was a hor day. And t hen oneofrbe people s pilled hb glass of beer on the floor a nd Joey tarring d rinking it - he was probably thirsty. So of course when joey gor home he was completely drun k! I rook him ro the vet t he next day, bur luckily he's fin e now. 5 21>)) I ris Hello Rosemary. I low arc you th is mor ning> Rosem a r y Hello lr i~. I'm fine t hanks. bur you'll never guess what's happened. jack and Emma have broken up! Iris 1 o! Jack and Emma from number 36' T hat can't be rrue. l saw rhcm last week and rhcy looked · rea lly happy. Rosem a r y No, it 's definitely true. I heard them shouting. T hey were having a terrible argument. Iris 1o! When> R osem a r y Last nighr. After be came home from work. Iris What did they say? Rosemary Well. I wasn't really listening... I ris Of course nor. Rose m a r y Bm I couldn't help hea ring. She was talking so loud ly a nd of course the walls are very thin. Iris So what did they s ay? Rosemary Well. s he said she that was going ro sray with her mum! She rold h im t hat she would n't come back. Iris Ooh, how awful. \Vhar about rhe children? Rosemary he said she'd taken them ro her sister. ! suppose she'll rake them with her in the end. And a nyway, then five minutes later I saw her lea,•ing the house with a s uitcase! Iris 1o! Why do you think she's leaving him? Is he seeing another woman? Rosem a r y I do n't know. Ooh, here's my bus. Iris I mus t go and tell Mrs Jones at number 14. She always thought the re was someth ing ... omerhi ng strange about him ... 5 22 >)) Ja ck H i Emma. I'm back. Where arc you? Em ma I'm upstai rs in the bedroom. I'm packing. Jack Why? W here are you going? Emma I'm going rosray with my mum. Jack W hat happened to he r? Emma She's had an accident . She fell over in rbe street yeste rday and he's broken her leg. Jack Howawfui.Poor thing. halll goand make you a cup of rea? Em ma T hat'd be lovely. T hanks darling. Jack How long do you think you' ll have to stay? Emma I won't come back umil rhc weekend I don't thi nk. I'll have ro ma ke s ure she's OK . I've take n the childre n to my sis ter's for t he night and she'll take t hem school tomorrow morni ng. Can you pick t hem up after school? Jack Of course I can darling. ow don't worry about anything. We'll be absolutely fi ne. Drink your tea and l'll goandger your suirca e. Emma Thanks. darling. The rax i' ll be here in five minurcs. And fin ally o n ews Today here's a fu nny story to cheer you up on a Monday morn ing. Listening 125 1 questions with be lA word order in questions question be word questions with do / does / did in present s imple and past simple que>t;on wo<d Guxma<y ~ubject_ ~~o you you you r !>istcr you th ey Did does did did Where W hen W hat __.._i_n_finiti ve (=verb) I 1 3 l)) live w ith your pa renrs? h ave a holiday last yea r? work? start studying E nglish? talk about? What Where 1 4 l)) s ubject adj ective, no un, etc. you there thar you you hu ngry? a ba nk nca r here? noise? from? born ? Are Is was are were • Use ASI (Au xiliary, Subject, Infi n itive) a nd QUASI (Questio n word, Au xiliary, Subject, In finitive) to remember word o rder in questions. • Make questions w it h the verb be by invertin g the verb a nd the subject. S he is a teacher. Is she a teache r? 18 present simple adverbs and e xpressions of frequency I f you f we f tltey G [1] l u ually work ar ho me. T hey don 't live nca r here. Do you speak French? 00 Yes. I do. f No. I don't. c:J We often go our on Friday nighr. She doesn't usually srudy ar weeke nd I'm never ill. He's always late fo r work. 2 She gets up ea rly every day. We have English classes twice a week. lt e f she f it 12 l)) --~- -Holly knows me very well. lr does n't ofrcn rain he re. Does Alice like jazz? ----------~-------------------------- Yes. she does. fJ o. she does n 't . • Use the present simple for t hi ngs you do every day f week / yea r, o r for things which a re generally t rue or always happen. • Use don'tfdoesn't ro make negative sentences, and dofdoes to make questions. spelling rules for the 3rd person -s (he, she, it) infinitive 3rd person work s tudy finish go / do have 1 j spelling add-s consonant + y > ies add -es after ch, ce, ge, sh, add -es change to -s works studies finishes goes / does has lC present continuous: be + verb + -ing A \V hat a reyoudoing? 1 22 l)) B I'm sending a message ro Sa rah. 2 My brother is doing a rwo- mo nrh course in the UK. 3 In rhi s picture the woman is standing nca r the window. • Use the present continuous: I for thin gs rhar are happening now. ar rhis mo ment. 2 for temporary things that are happening now. this week, etc. 3 to describe a picture. you I we I they G G I'm working I'm not working (1]00 he / she/it You 're working He We aren't working She They It 1'sisn't working working Are you working? Yes, I am. I No, I'm not. Is he working? Yes, he is. I No, he isn't . 13 l)) We often use the present simple with adverbs o f frequency (always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never). • Ad verbs of frequency go~ the main verb. • Adverbs offreq uency go after be. She's never ill. N OT 5-h:mfl-never: • Remembe r to use aGverb with never. It never rains. NOT ft-doesn!tnetter-rain: 2 Expressio ns of frequency (every day , once a week, etc.) usually go at the end of a sentence. spelling rules for the -ing form infinitive -ingform speiUng cook study cooking studying add -ing live living cut the final e and add -ing run running double the final consonant and add-ing I pres ent simple or present continuous? A What do youdo? B lwork forMicrosofr. 1 23 l)) A W hat a r e you doing? B I 'm checking my cmails. • Use the present si mple for th ings t hat are generally t rue or always happen. • Use the prese nt co ntinuo us for a n action happenin g now o r at this mo ment. • We norma lly use verbs which describe states o r feeli ngs (non-action verbs), e.g. want, need, like, in the present simple, not continuous. GRAMMAR BANK lA b Pur th e word s in the r ight order to make questions. a Put the word o r ph rase in the right place in th e qu estio n. How old a re you? (old) 1 Where do you from? (come) 2 W here the train statio n? (i ) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 I0 How often you read magaz ine ? (do) Where your friends fro m ? (are) Why you w rite to me? (didn't) Do you often to t he cinema? (go) What this word mea n? (docs) What time did a rri ve? (your friends) Does fin ish at 8.00? (the clas ) W here were born? (you) ~ p.S 18 b Put th e words in t he right order. a Write sentences a nd questions 'vV ith the present s im ple. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 he I usually get up late G He usually eets up late. Anna / like music [1] my ister f have a lot of hobbies G 1/ get on very well with my parents G my brother f study at university G my neighbours f have any children G when / the film start [1] he f go out tw ice a wee k G we f often talk about politics G how often f you ema il you r brother [1] I0 l f go o n Facebook very often 9 often Jo hn to go doesn't cinema the 10 visit I once my mo nth a mum b lt f ra in G lt isn 'trainin[J. Jo hn f wear a shirt today! G It' hot. W hy f wea r a coat [1] Anna f sit next to Jane roday G Hey! You f stand on my foo t! G what boo k f you read [1] we f think of you at t he mo ment G she f wea r make-up [1] th ey / make a big mistake G your mother f ho p in town [1] she / live w ith her parents at th e moment go cinema we often the to We often [JO to the cinema. always before go I before bed 11 .00 ro ever her Kate see family ha rd ly Saturd ays never shopping on go we a to I dentist's year go tw ice the in they brea kfa st t he omerime ga rden have usua lly morn ing the we the listen in radio to in day park every A lan the r uns after drink I coffee 4.00 never ~ p.7 W rite sente nces with the present continuous. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 I0 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 G lC a you Iive whe re do ? Wh ere do you live? you a do have car ? o lder is brother your you tha n ? often he how to wr ite does you ? t his time start does what class ? Braz il from is friend your ? languages how you many do speak ? she born where was ? last go w here you su mmer d id ? father doctor yo ur is a ? come bus to you by school did ? Complete th e sentences w it h t he present s imple or present continuo us. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 G 8 9 10 The girl in the painting i ~ th e g ui tar. (play) . (not bite) My dog's not da ngerous. He Why you ung lasses? It ! (wear. rain) You can turn off th e radio. I to it. (not li ten) to go to the ba nk . I any mo ney. (need, no t have) that pen in her mouth! (put) Be careful! The baby A you usually at weekends? (cook) B No, we normally o ut. (eat) you here? (do) A W hat B I for Emma. S he's late, as usua l. (wait) a coffee roday. (wa nt) I us ually drink tea, but I My sister __ from 9.00 to 5.00. She's a secretary. (work) in Nice at the moment. We in Pa ris, but we (Iive, stay) ~ p.B 2 2A past simple: regular and irregular verbs r egular irregul a r -------,----------------------------~ I I stayed with friends. I didn' t stay in a hotel. Did yo u stay for the weekend? c:J [1] I Yes. I did . 00 Wh [1] 1 36 l)) ----------------- We went ro Brazil on holiday. \Ve didn't go ro Sao Paolo . Did you go to Rio? j No. we didn't. Where did you stay? Why did yo u go there? • Use the past simple to talk about fi nished actions in the past. • The form of the past simple is the same for all persons. • To ma ke the past s imple~ o f regul ar verbs add -ed. See the spell ing rules in the cha rt. • Many common verbs are irregular in the~ past simple, e.g. go >went, see> saw. See Irregular verbs p.l 64. 28 past continuous: was I were+ verb + -ing Ar 8.45 lasr Saturday I was working in my office. 1 39 l)) I wasn't doing a nything important. My friends were h aving breakfast. They weren't working. A Was it r a ining when you got up? B o, it wasn't. A What were you doing at II o'clock last night? B I was watching TV. ~ II He I She I It was working You I We I They were working c:J II He I She I It wasn't working You I We I They weren't working (1]00 Was he working? Yes, he was. I No, he wasn't . Were t hey working? Yes, they were . I No, they weren't . 2C t ime sequencers • Use the infinitive after did11 't for negatives and Did ... ? for quest ions. • Use AS I a nd Q UAS I to remember word order in questions. spelling rules for regular verbs infinitive past spelling work stay worked stayed -1 like liked add -d if verb finishes in e study studied y > ied after a consonant stop stopped if verb finishes in consonant-vowelcons onant, double the final consonant • Use the past continuous to describe an act ion in prog ress at a specific moment in the past. • We often use the past co ntinuo us to describe rhe situation at the beginning of a story or narrative. past s imple or past continuous? I was working in my office when the 1 40 l)) boss walked in. I was having lunch when my sister arrived . • Use the past simple for a completed action in the past. • Use the past continuous for an action in progress before or at the time of the past simple actio n. connectors: because, so, but, although because a n d so O n o ur first date we went ro rhe cinema. After that we sta rred 1 46 l)) meeting every day. O n T hursday I had an argument w irh my boss. Next day I decided to look for a new job. We sar down to ear. Two minutes later rhe pho ne ra ng. When I came our of rhe club he was waiting for me. The acc ide nt happened when I was crossing rhe road. • We use time sequencers to say when o r in what order th ings happe n. • We use whetl as a time sequencer and also to join two actions. I was watchinB TV when the phone ranB. (two verbs joined by wfren) p then, after that The most common way of linking consecutive actions is with then or after that, but NOT with after, e .g. I got up and got dressed. Then I After that I made a cup of coffee. NOT After I made-a etJfJ ef coffee. I add -ed S he was driving fast because she was in 1 47 l)) a hurry. (reason) S he was in a hurry. so she was driving fasr. (result) • Use because to express a reason. • Use so to express a result. but and although She tried to stop the ca r. but she hit the ma n. 1 48 l)) Althou gh she tried ro stop the car. he hit the man. She was very tired. but she couldn't sleep. She couldn't sleep, a ltho u gh she wa very tired . • Use but a nd althouBh to show a contrast. • AlthouBh can go at the beginning or in the middle of a senteDce. GRAMMAR BANK 2A b Where did you 80 on holiday last year? a Put the verbs in brackets in the past imple. We went to Va ncouver. 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a good time? Yes, we had a great time. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ ____ with? 2 I went with my fa mily. ______________________________ ? 3 We stayed in a hotel. 4 _ ____ the plane ticket __________ ? Two summers ago we hilii. (have) a holiday in (drive) there from Scotland . We 1 London, but our car 2 (break) down on the motorway a nd we 3 (spend) the first ni ght in Birmi ngha m. W hen we 4 (get) to Edi nburgh 5 6 we (nor can) find a good hotel - they (be) all fu ll. We 7 (not know) what to do, but in the end we 8 (find) (stay) there fo r the week. We a Bed and Breakfast and we 9 10 (see) the castle, 11 (go) to the A res Festival, and 12 we (buy) a lo t of souvenirs. We 13 (wa nt) to go to (not have) much rime and it 15 (be) Loch ess, but we 14 quite fa r away. The weather 16 (not be) very good, and it 17 (start) rai ning the day we 18 (leave). 28 b 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2C It cost £500. 5 - - - - -- - - - - the weather like? It was ho t and sun ny. _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ at night? 6 We went tO bars and restaurants. ~ p.l 3 Put the verbs into the past simple or past continuo us. S he~ when a Complete the sentences with a ve rb in the past conti nuo u . I was eatin&dinner, so I did n't answer the phone. (eat) I took this photo when my wife in the ga rden. (work) He met his wife when he in Japa n. (li ve) They for us when we arrived. (not wait) _____ she _ _ ___ a coat whe n she went o ut? (wear) The sun _____ when I left for work. (shine) What you at 7.30 last night? (do) I when you gave the instructio ns. (not listen) We _ _ _ _ TV when you phoned. (not watch) Complete the questio ns in the pas t simple. 2 3 4 5 6 7 we were havinB dinner. (arrive, have) I my arm when I footba ll. (break, play) you fas t when the police _____ you? (d rive, stop) the pub. (snow, leave) It when we the ma tch because l _ _ _ __ (not see, wo rk) When yo u _ _ ___ me, I _____ to my boss. (call, talk) We _____ in Cambridge when we _ _ _ __ (study, meet) _____ they _____ in R o me when they _ _ _ _ their fi rst baby? (live, have) ~ p. l4 b Complete the sentences with so, because, bu t:, or althouah. a Put the sente nces in the r ight o rder. a D b D Then another man tried to do the same . c [JJ d e D D f D A few seconds later, the first policeman got off the He told me he was a policema n and that they were looking for a thief. One day in 2011 I was standing in the queue fo r a bus. ext day I read the story in a news paper. When the second man went in fro nt of me, I cold him to go and stand in the queue. bus with a man. g h D Suddenly a man ran in from of me and got on the bus. D After that, a police car came and took the men away. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 We couldn't find a tax i, S.Q we wa lked ho me. it was very cold, she wasn't wearing a coat. I woke up in the ni ght there was a noise. 1 called him, his mobile was turned off. she's very nice, she doesn't have many friends. There was noth ing o n TV, I went to bed. it was a publ ic holiday. All the cafes were fu ll She wanted tO be a doctOr, ______ she fai led her exams. The garden looked very beautiful, I took a photograph. ______ the team played well, they didn't win. ~ p. l6 3 3A be going to I' m going to \VOrk fo r an NG 0 . 57 >)) He's going to meet me at the airport. 2 I'm sure Engla nd are going to lose tomorrow. it's going to rain tonight. El G you I we I they he / she / it I'm going to You We They He She It 'sgoingto work for an NGO. I'm not going to You We aren't going to They He She It isn't going to work for an NGO. 'regoingto Use be Baing La+ infinitive to talk about future plans or intentions. 2 We use be goitlB to + infinitive to make a prediction when we know or can see that something is going to happen. It's winter there so it 's BOinB to be cold. Look at that ca r! It's BOinB to crash. 00 Are you going to work for an NGO? Is he going to work f or an NGO? Yes, I am. I No, I'm not. Yes, he is. I No, he isn't . 38 present continuous (future arrangements) p E) I'm seeing a friend tonight. l 64 >)) She's arriving at lunchtime. G She isn't leaving until Friday. T hey aren't coming to the party. l1J What are you doing this even ing? Is she meeting us at t he restaurant? • We often use the present continuous with a future meaning, especially for future arrangements, i.e. for plan s we have made at a fi xed time or place in the future. D on't use the present simple for this. NOT §see somefi iend:s tonight. 3C defining relative clauses with who, which, where A cook is a person who makes food. That's th e wo man who won the lottery last yea r. A clock is some thing which tells the time. Is that th e book which everybody's readi ng? A post office is a place where you can buy stamps. That's the restau rant where l had dinner last week. - ~ 5 >)) be going to or present continuous? We can often use either with no difference in meaning, e.g. I'm going to see Anna on Tuesday. OR I'm seeing Anna on Tuesday. It's very common to use the present continuous with the expressions tonight, tomorrow, this weekend, etc. and with verbs describing t ravel arrangements, e.g. go, come, leave, arrive. I'm leaving on Monday is more common t han I'm going to leave on Monday. • Use defining relative clauses to explain what a person, thing or place is or does. • Use who for a person, which for a thing a nd where for a place. p that You can use that instead of who or which. She's the girl who I that works with my brother. It's a thing which I that connects two computers. GRAMMAR BANK 3A b Look at the pictures. Make sentences w ith 8oin8 to+ a verb. love FaiFt be (x2) a Complete with 8oin8 to+ a verb. be cook do get not go learn not listen see stay What film ~ you going to see to night? _ ____ your s ister _ _ _ __ C hinese? 2 You _____ in class 3 next year. 3 We camping next summer. We in a hotel. 4 We a taxi to the airport. It's goill(J to ·rai11. 5 I a wonderful meal tonight. 6 You can ta lk, but I to you. 7 What you when you leave school? 1 We _____ late for work ! 2 Not that one. lt _____ too expensive. 3 You _____ thisbook! ~ p. 21 38 b a Read the sentences. Write N for now, F for future. [f] I'm meeting Joe at two o'clock. I'm living in a flat w ith two Swedish boys. 2 0 0 3 0 She's moving to Canada soon. 4 I'm waiting for the postman. 5 0 0 6 0 We're meetin g Sally and James for lunch on Sunday. 7 0 0 Karl is arriving at 6 o'clock. 1 8 We're coming back o n Monday. I'm reading a rea lly good book about science. I'm studying for my maths exa m . 3C Complete the dialogue between two flatmates. A B A B A B A B A ~ p.23 b Write sentences w ith who, which , or where. a Complete the de finitions with who, which , o r where. 2 3 4 5 What areyou doing (do)? I1 (pack) my suitcase. Why? Because [ 2_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ (fly) to Vienna at 8 o'clock to night. Oh, I didn't know. Why 3_ _ _ _ _ (go) to Vienna? [4 (see) the boss ofVTech Solutions to mo rrow. Why s (meet) him? [6 (work) on a project for him at the moment and l need to d iscuss it w ith him. Oh, well have a good trip! A postman is the person ll!M brings yo u your letters. An octopus is an animal lives in the sea and has eight legs. A law n mower is a machine cuts the g rass. A waiter is the person serves you in a cafe. A changing room is a room people try on clo thes. A po rter is the person helps you with your luggage. Garlic is a kind of food keeps vampires away. 6 7 A ga rage is a place people fi x cars. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 She f the woma n / catch the same bus as me She's the woman who catches the same bus as me. That f the d og f always barks at night That I the sho p I r bought my wedding dress That f the actor f was in Glee They f the children / live next door to me This f the restaurant f they make great pizza That f the switch f controls the air cond itionin g He f the teacher f teaches my sister That f th e room / we have o ur meetings This/ the light / is broken ~ p. 24 lbffi(,]· - 4 yet , just, already 4A present perfect I've fini sh ed my homewo rk. She's clea n ed the kitche n. He hasn't d o ne the washing up. A H as sh e turned off he r pho ne? A Have you done your homework yet ? 2 17>)) B o, nor yet . I haven't fin ished yet. 2 My sister's just started a new job. 3 A Do you want to see this fi lm? B No, I've a lready seen it th ree ti me . 2 16>)) B o, sh e hasn 't . • We often use the present perfect to talk about the recent past, not sayi ng exac tly when things hap pe ned. • We often use the present perfect to give news. Mary's had her baby! A parcel has arrived fo r you. full form contraction negative past participle 1have You have He I She I It has We have They have I've You've He I She I It's We've They've I haven't You haven't He I She I It hasn't We haven't They haven't finished the exercise. Have you finished the exercise? Yes, I have. I No, I haven't . Has he done the homework? Yes, he has. I No, he hasn't . • We often use yet,just and already w it h the present perfect. Use yet in[l] and [] sentences to ask if something has happened or to say if ir has n't happened. Put yet at t he end of the sentence. 2 Use just in 8 senten ces to say t hat something happened very recently. Pur j ust before t he mai n verb. 3 Use already in 8 sente nces to say that someth ing happened before now or earlie r than expected. Put already before the ma in verb. • For regu lar verbs the past participle is the same as rhe past simple(+ -ed). For irregul ar verbs the past participle is sometimes t he sa me as the past simple (e.g. buy, bouBhL, bouBht) and sometimes different (e.g. do, did, done). See Irregular verbs p. 164. present perf ect or past simple? 48 present perfect or past simple? (1) Have you ever bee n to a fa ncy dress party? S h e's s ee n that film twice. I've neve r met ina's husband. 2 24 >)) • We ofteLl use the present perfect to ta lk about past experiences in our lives when we don't specify a time. p been and gone Compare the present perfect of be and go. t-1ike has been to Paris. =He went t o Paris and came back. t-1ike has gone to Paris. = He's in Paris now. A B A B Have you eve r been to Mexico? Yes, I h ave. Whe n did you go t here? I went last yea r. A B A B H a veyou seen h is new film ? Yes, I h ave. W hat did you think of it? I loved it. 2 25 >)) • Conversations often begin in the present perfect (with a general question) a nd then cha nge to the past sim ple ro ask for or give specific details, e.g. IVhen, IV!tat, where, IVho IVith, etc. 4C something, anything, nothing, etc. places 8 p eople 8 S omebody I Someo ne has ta ken my pen! G I didn't spea k ro a nyb o d y I a n yon e. [1] 0 Did a nybody I anyone phone? o. nobody I no one. Nobo dy I No o ne phoned. thin gs 8 I bought some thing fo r din ner. I didn 't do any thing at the weekend. [1] Is there any thing in the fridge? 0 o, nothing. T he re' nothing in rhe fridge. G 2 34 >)) Let's go so mewhere th is weekend. We didn 't go a nywh e re this summer. [1] Is the re a ny w h e re ro park? 0 o, n owh e r e. There' n o whe r e tO pa rk. G • Use somebody I someone, somethinB, somewhere wi th a 8 verb when you don't say exactly who, what, or where. • Use anybody I anyone, anythinB, a1lywhere in questions or with a[Jverb. I didn't do anythinB last niBIJt. N OT +-didn't do nothing: • Use nobody I no one, nothin8, no111here in short a nswers or in sentences with a 8 verb. GRAMMAR BANK b Write sente nces o r questio ns w ith already,just, o r yet. 4A a Write sentences in the present perfect. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 He f clean the car G He's clea ned the car. She f buy a new jacket G He f find a job yet G f you speak to M r Jackson IT1 We f find a fantastic hotel G They f fini sh eatingG f you see Peter this morning IT1 f you do your homework this week IT1 We f reply toM r Jo nes's email yet G 48 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 He f arrive. (a Iready) He's already arrived. I f have f breakfast. (j ust) f you f fi nish f your homework? (yet} The film f start. (al ready) 1/ not meet f his girlfrie nd . (yet) They f get married. (just) You're too late. He f go f home . (already) f you speak f to him? (yet) I f not read f his new book. (yet) ~ p.29 b Complete the dia logue with the present perfect or past simple. a Complete with the verb in the present p erfect. A Oh no! I~ th is film before! (see) B Really? When 1 it? (see) A 12 tothecinemainMarch and it was on then. (go) B Oh, never mind. I 3_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to the cinema in ages. The last fi lm I 4_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ was Mamma Mia! (nor be, see) A S_ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ it? (e njoy) B Of course! I 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ it! (love) ~you ~ the 1 sho pping today? (do) you ever clothes from that shop? (buy) 2 I _ _ _ _ always _ _ _ _ a pair of designer shoes . (wa nt) 3 I the new paper today. (no t read) 4 We _ _ _ _ to rh e new sho pping centre yet. (not be) your brother _ _ _ _ abroad all his 5 life? (live) 6 They _ _ __ to live in South America. (go) 7 She _ _ _ _ befo re. (not fly) 8 James _ _ _ _ hi s gi rl friend's fami ly yet. (not meet} 9 in this restaurant before? you (eat) 10 Jane _ _ _ _ to th e gy m -she'll be back in a n hour. (go) c Complete with been or Bone. 1 2 3 4 5 ' Where's Ro b?' ' H e's~ to the football match.' T he kids aren't here. They've all out. Have you ever to the swimm ing pool in tow n? I haven't _ _ _ _ to Sue's new flat yet. to teach in France. My sister has O h good. Dad's to the sho p - the fridge is full. ~ p.31 7 8 9 10 4C a Complete with som et:hinB, anytlrinB, nothinB , etc. Are you doing anything tonight? I Did you meet last night? 2 phoned when you were out. T hey're going to ca ll back later. 3 I've seen your wallet , but I can't remember where. interesting o n TV tonight. Let's go 4 There's out. 5 Did _ _ _ _ call while I was o ut? 6 Did you go exciting at the weekend? b I've bo ught you really nice fo r C hristmas! I ran g the doorbell, but a nswered. We went shopping, but we didn't buy _ _ __ There's mo re expensive th an London! Answer with Nobody, NoiVhere, o r No thinB. 1 Whatdid youdolastnight? 2 Where did you go yesterday? 3 Who did you see? c Answer the q uest io ns in b with a fu ll sentence. 1 I didn't do - - - - - - - -- - -- - - - 2 3 ~ p.32 tHrntlll lllll 5 comparative adjectives: irregular SA comparatives My brother's o lde r t h a n me. ?) 40 l)) It's m o r e d a n gero u s to cycle th a n to drive. 2 People walk m ore qu ickly tha n in t he past. 3 I' m less relaxed th is yea r th a n I was last year. 4 The service in this restaurant isn't as good as it was. She doesn 't drive as fast as her brother. adjective comparative good better bad worse far further comparative adverbs: regular • To compare two people, places, things or actions use: 1 comparative adjectives. 2 comparative adverbs (for actions). 3 less + adjective or adverb. 4 (not) as+ adjective f adverb +as. quickly more quickly hard slowly more slowly well better badly worse p comparative adjectives: regular .J adjective comparative short shorter one syllable: add -er big bigger one vowel + one consonant: double final consonant busy busier consonant+ y: y+-ier relaxed more relaxed two or more syllables: more+ adjective It's the dirtiest city in Eu rope. ?.J 43 l)) It's the most popula r holiday destinatio n in t he world . 2 It's the m ost bea utiful ci ty I've ever bee n to. It's the b es t fi I m I've see n this year. Use the + superlative adjective to say which is the biggest, etc. in a group. • After superlatives we use in+ names of places or singular words for groups of people, e.g. It's the noisiest city in the world. 2 We often use the+ superlative adjective with the present perfect+ ever. too much, too many, too I'm stressed . ! have t oo much work. ~ 52 l)) He ta lks too much. 2 My diet is unhealthy. I eat too many cakes a nd sweets. 3 I don't want to go out. I'm too tired. • Use too much, too many, too to say ' more than is good'. 1 Use too much+ uncountable noun (e.g. coffee, time) or after a verb. 2 Use too many + countable noun (e.g. cakes, people). 3 Use too+ adjective NOT I'm too much tired. harder Comparatives with pronouns After comparative+ than or as... as we use an object pronoun (me, her, etc.) or a subject pronoun + auxiliary verb, e.g. My brother's taller than me. My brother's taller than I am. He's not as intelligent as her. He's not as intelligent as she is. 58 superlatives SC quantif iers irregular adjective comparative superlative cold colder the coldest hot hotter the hottest pretty prettier the prettiest beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful good better the best bad worse the worst far further the furthest enough Do you eat e no u gh vegetables? 1 don 't drink e n o u gh water. 2 She doesn't sleep e n o u gh . 3 My fridge isn't big e n o u g h . I don't go to bed early enou gh . ~ 53 l)) Use enough~ a noun to mean 'all that is necessary'. 2 Use e1wugh after a verb with no o bject. 3 Use enough after an adjective or adverb. GRAMMAR BANK SA b R ewrite the sentences so they mea n the sam e. Use as ... as. a Write entence with a compa rative adjective o r ad verb + than. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 James is stro nger tha n Clive. C live isn't as strona as james. 1 Adam is shorter than Jerry. Jerry is n't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ew York i more expensive than M iami . (expensive) Modern computers a re much the early o nes. (fast) My sister is _ _ _ _ me. (tall) I'm this week last week. (busy) Newcastle is fro m Lo ndo n _ _ _ __ Leeds. (far) I thought the third Men in Black film was _ _ _ __ the fir t two. (bad) Manchester United played _ _ _ _ Arsenal. (good) T he French exam was the German. (hard) My new job is my old o ne. (bo ring) My new apa rtment is my old o ne. (big) I'm notlazy - 1just work you! (slo wly) 2 Your bag is nicer than mine. My bag isn't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ 3 Tokyo is bigger than Lo ndo n. Londo n isn't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ 4 Tennis is mo re po pular than cricket. C ricket isn't -- - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 C hildren learn languages fa te r than adults. Adults do n't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ 6 l work harder tha n you. You do n't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 7 Engla nd played better tha n France. France didn't - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ p. 37 58 b Write sentences with a superlative + ever + the present perfect. a Complete the sentences with the su per lative. l 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Is thi s the bi[J[JW city in the world? (big) Thai are people I've ever met. (polite) Ye terday was day of the yea r. (ho t} T his is time to drive to th e city. (bad) She's girl at school. (fr iendly) T his i part of the exam. (impo rtant) time to visit ew E ngland is autumn . (good) cities in the world. (polluted) Ulan Bator i o ne of I've ever flown is tO Bali. (fa r) T hat's definitely film I've ever seen. (funny) Rob's daughters are a ll pretty, but l think Emi ly is . (pretty) sc a @ b the correct fo rm . 1 2 3 4 5 6 H ow~ many milk do you drink? I eat too/ too II III Cir chocolate. I eat too muclr Jt.oo many crisps. I don't drink enOII[Jh water/ water e/IOII[Jh. I can't come. I am too busy I too much busy. You work too muclr / too many. I don't have eiiOli[Jh time/ time enou[Jh. 7 Jd on ~[JOOU teii O LIIJ h len O U(Jh [JOO ll ~ 8 She's too lazy/ too much lazy. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 It/ good fi lm / l /see It's the best film /"ve ever seen. It / ho t country / I be to She/ un friendly person / I / meet It / easy exam / he/ do They/ expensive tro users I I / buy It / lo ng fi lm I I I watch He I attractive m an / I / see lt J bad meai J I Jeat He/ interestin g teacher / I / have lt / exciti ng job J we J do ~ p. 38 Comple te the sentences with too, too much, too many, o r enou[Jh. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 You eat too much red meat. It isn't good fo r you. I'm no t very fit. I don't do _ _ _ _ _ exercise. fa r. I can't walk to school. It's T here are _ __ _ _ cars o n the roads today. I spend time on the computer - it gives me headaches. I do n't sleep -only five or ix hours, but I really need eight. I was _ _ _ _ _ ill to go to wo rk yesterday. There were peo ple at the party, o it was impossible to da nce. I always have _ __ _ _ wo rk a nd not _ _ _ _ _ free time. ~ p.41 6 • We ofte n use will f won't +i n finitive for future predictions, i.e. to say things we think, guess or know about the future. • We often use I think Jl don't thir1k + will. I think he'llJail the exam. I don't think he'll pass the exa m. NOT } thi11k he--wcni tpas>. 6A will I won't (predictions) A I'm seeing Ja ne at six. B She'll be late. 3 4>)) T he fi lm's in French. We won' t understand anyth ing. It's a great book. T'm sure you ' ll like it. I don't thin k it' ll rain tomorrow. [±] 1/ You / He / She / It/ We I They I'll be late. G 1/ You / He / She / It I We I They p Iwon't be late. Contractions: 'II = will; won't = will not rn Will 0 0 1/ you / he / she / it/we / they be late? 1/ you / he / she / Yes, it/we / they will. No, 1/ you / he / she / it/we / they won't . 68 will I won't (decisions, offers, promises) d ecisio ns l won't stay for din ner. I thin k I'll go ho me early. offer s I' ll help you w it h your homework. prom ises I' ll always love you. be going to for predictions We can also use be going to to predict something you know or can see is going to happen (see 3A), e.g. Look at the clouds. It 's going to rain. They're playing very we ll. I'm sure they're going to win. 3 11 >)) Shall I open the w indow? • Use will f won't +in finitive fo r mak ing decisions, o ffering a nd pro mising. I' ll help you with those bags. NOT 1-lt:elpycnt: • W hen a n offer is a question, we use S hall/. .. ? or Shall we .. . ? S hall I pay? S hall we do the washin{J-IIp? I won't tell a nybody. 6C review of tenses: present, past and future ·~ 19 >)) tense example u se present sim ple I live in the city centre. She doesn't smoke. thin gs t ha t happen always o r usually present continuous He's looking for a new jo b. t hi ngs th at are happe ning now or in t he near future I'm leaving tomo rrow. t hin gs th at we have arra nged fo r t he future past sim ple We saw a good fi lm last night. We didn't do a nyt h ing yesterday. fi nished actio ns in t he past past continuous He was working in Pa ris. W hat were you doing at 7.00? actio ns th at were in progress at a past time be lJO inB to+ in fin itive I' m going to see Tom tonight. future pla ns Look! It's goin g to rain. pred ictio ns when we know J can see what's going to ha ppen Yo u'll love predictions will f won't + infi nitive present pe rfec t ew York. I' ll phone her later. insta nt decisions I'll h elp you. ofFe rs I'll pay you back to morrow. pro mises I've finished the book. recently fi n ished actio ns (we don't say when) Have you ever been to Ira n? past ex periences GRAMMAR BANK b Complete with will+ a verb fro m the lis t . 6A a Wri te sentences and questi o ns w ith will / won't. Use contractions whe re you can . ee (2) EJ it f be easy to pa L El 2 [1] 3 E1 4 [1] 5 El 6 E1 7 EJ 8 E1 9 EJ 10 El s It won't be easy to pass. I think they f lose the march the meeting f be long she f get the jo b - she's not qualified you f see him at work later I don't want to go. it f be impossible to park you / li ke that book I think she / love the present I bought her there f bea lotof traffic inthe mo rnin g you f find a good job, I'm sure everythin g f be OK , o there's no need to worry 2 3 4 5 A B A B A B A B A B A B 68 get like pass snow Do you th ink the traffic ~ bad? o, because it's a ho iiday today. Do you like this band? Yes, I think they famous o ne day. Is th is a good film. Ye , I'm ure you it. Do you think it ? o, it's not cold enough. What do you think I for C hristm as? I don't know. What d id you ask fo r? I'm o worr ied about the exa m! Do n't worry. I'm su re you _ _ _ __ ~ p.44 A I can't do this crossword . you? 2 A It's a secret. B I anyo ne, I promise. 3 A When wi ll I hear from you aga in? B I _ _ ____ you tonight. B a Match the sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 It's hot in here. [Q] I'm thirsty. I have a headache. T his exercise is hard. I'm hun gry. These bag are heavy. I left my waller at hom e. I need that photo urgently. We haven't got any milk. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A B C D E F G H l I'll help you to do it. Sha ll I m ake you a sa ndw ich? Sha ll I ca rry o ne for you? l' lllend you some mo ney. I'll buy some o n my way ho me. I' ll send it by em ail now. S ha lll o pen the window? S ha ll I turn off the music? I'll get you a glass of water. b Complete the sentences with will / won't (or shall)+ a ve rb. buy call forget get Ra\le help pay t ake tell A W hat would you like? B I~ the fi sh. Can I bo rrow €50? When you It's my birthday next week. Don't wo rry. ! _ _ _ __ 6 A B 7 A B 8 A B I feel ill. me back? you ho me? This chocolate you bought isn't very nice. Yes, I know. I it aga in . These shoes are too sma ll. I a bigger pair fo r you, mada m. ~ p.46 b Put the verb in the right form. 6C a Complete the questions wi th o ne word . I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 A B 5 A B Where d.Qyouusually have lunch? I didn't see you at work last week. ~you ill? you often remember your dream s? you listen to the match o n the radio last ni ght? Who do you thin k win the election next yea r? _ ___ your bro ther like rock mu sic? What you goi ng to watch o n TV ton ig ht? it snowing when you left? Were you at the pa rty last ni ght? I _ ___ see you. you been to the superm arket? _ _ __ the film finished yet? A W hat are we doing ronighr?(do) B We 1 dinner w ith Jack and Mary. (have) A But we 2 dinner wi th the m last week! (have) B Yes, but they 3 to tell us some good news. (wa nt) A O h,OKthen. 4 ! _ __ _ __ _ some champagne? (buy) B It's 8 o'clock! Where 5 you ? (be) home I A I'm sorry. When I 6 7 to buy the cham pagne. And then I a Mark in the shop .. . (walk , stop, see) B Well, hurry up. We 9 late! (be) A It's OK. [ 10 a taxi and I'll be ready in five minutes. (a lready o rder) ~ p.49 - 7 • T he in fini tive is the base form of the verb. It is often used w ith to. Tt can be posit ive (e.g. to be) or negat ive (e.g. not to be). • Use the in finit ive with to: I after some verbs, e.g. wallt, need, would like, etc. See Verb forms p.JSB. 2 after adject ives. 3 after question words, e.g. what, where, when, etc. 4 to say why you do someth ing. 1 came to this school to learn E118lish. NOT f01 learrt Englislt. 7A uses of the infinitive with to I need to buy so me new clothes. 3 24 >)) Try not to talk about politics. 2 It'll be nice to meet your parents. It's important not to be late. 3 I don"t know where to go or what to do. 4 A W hy di d yo u go to the pa rty? B To meet new people. I we nt to the pa rty to meet new people. p Infinitive without to Remember that we use the inf initive without to after auxiliary verbs (do I does I didn't) and after most modal verbs (can, could, will, would, etc.), e.g. Do you li ve near here? Can you help me? I won't f orget Wha t would you do? 78 uses of the gerund (verb + -ing) Eating outside in the sum mer makes me feel good. My idea of happiness is getting up late a nd not going to work. 2 I love reading in bed. I hate not getting to th e airport ea rly. 3 l'm t hinkin gof buying a newcar. He left wi tho ut saying goodbye. 7C 3 28 >)) • T he gerund is the base fo rm of the verb+ irrB.lt can be positive (e.g. BoinB) or negative (e.g. not BoinB)• Use t he gerund: l as the subject o r object of a sentence. 2 afte r some verbs, e.g. like, love, hate, enjoy, etc. See Verb form s p.l 58. 3 afte r p repositions. • Remember the spelling rules for the -inB fo rm. See l C p.l 26. have to, don't have to, must, mustn't have to, don't have to G I have to get up at even every day. 3 4 >)) She h as to pea k English at work. G We don't have to wea r a uniform at th is school. He doesn't have to work on Saturdays. [1] Do I have to buy a gramma r book? What time does she have to get up in t he morning? • Use have to + verb (i nfinitive) to talk about rules and obligations. • Use do rt't have to+ verb (i nfin itive) to say t hat there is no obligatio n , or that someth ing is not necessa ry. • Use do I does to make question s and negatives. Do I have to 80? NOT Have-1-to-go? • Don't contract have or lras. I have to 80- NOT f!tle-t-o--go: must I mustn't G G You must do your homework ton ight. She must t idy her room before she goes out. You mustn't leave you r bags here. I mustn't forget to call her ton ight. (mustn't = must not) [1] Must I buy a gram mar book? W he n must we register for the exa m? 3 35 >)) • Use must+ verb (i nfini t ive without to) to talk about ru les a nd obligation s. • must I mustll't is t he sa me for all persons. • Use mustn't+ verb (infin itive w ithout to) to say something is prohibited. p must and have t o fvlust and have to are ver_y similar, but there is a small difference. We normally use have to for a general obligation (a rule at work I school or a law). We normally use must for a personal obligat ion (one that the speaker imposes), e.g. a teacher t o student s or a parent t o a child. But often you can use either must or have to. must n't and don't have to Must n't and don't have to have completely different meanings. Compare: You mustn't go. = It's prohibit ed. Don't go. You don't have t o go. =You can go if you want to, but it's not obligatory I necessary. Impersonal you We often use have to and must with impersonal you (you =people in general), e.g. You have to wear a seatbelt in a car. You mustn't take photos in the museum. GRAMMAR BANK 7A b do a Match the entence ha lves. Be ready Complete the sentences w ith a po iti ve o r negati ve infinitive . [ID I'm pl a nnin g~a party next week. 0 I Doweneed 2 In so me countries it's impo rtant 3 l know you're tired, but try 4 We were late, so Si mon offered 5 It's difficu lt D 0 not drive go have learn look for not make meet A Hi , I'm Do natella . D 0 A to give u a lift to t he station. B to show yoor passport at check· in. C not to fo rget people's na mes in a big class. D to dress cor rectly in public. E to buy some do llars at the airpo rt? F not to fa ll a leep during the film! B I'm Renee. ice _ _ _ _ _ _ you. 2 What d o you want _ _ _ toni ght? 3 I need _ _ _ _ _ _ to the shop. I do n't have any bread o r milk. 4 Try 5 I'd rea lly li ke 6 Be careful a noise. Your fathe r's asleep. how to d rive. too fa st on the way ho me- the roads a re icy. 7 He's d ecided _______ a new job. ~ p. 53 b Put the verbs in the -illB form or in finitive. 78 I really enjoy d!lin& exercise. It makes me feel great! I One t hing th at always makes me happy is in the sea. 2 Yo u ca n't lea rn to play a musical instr ument well without _ _ _ _ regula rly. I like listenina to the radio in the mornings. (listen) _ _ _ __ Pilates i good for your health. (do) 2 We've decided _____ a holiday this yea r. (not have) 3 We won't take the ca r. It's impossible _ _ _ _. (pa rk) 3 My mother's very bad at 4 I'm not very good at 4 5 5 You can borrow the ca r if you promise _ _ _ _ slow ly. (d rive) a Complete the sentences wit h a verb in the list in the -inB form. be do practise remember study swim teach text travel 6 7 8 names. _____ teenagers is very ha rd work. My sister s pends ho urs on the p hone _____ her friends. __ the first to arrive at parties. I hate _____ by train is usually cheaper than by plane. I 'll go o n _ __ for as long as I ca n - I love being a student! 6 H as it stopped map . (read) ? (rain) 7 I don't mind , but I don't like _ _ _ _ the washi ng-up. (cook , do) 8 I hate early in t he mornin g. (get up) ~ p.54 7C b ~ the correct fo rm, have to I must, don't have to, o r mustn't. Tick ./ if both forms a re po sible . a Complete the sentences with the correct form of have to. 1 2 3 4 I don't have to go to school on Saturdays Jan ice ____ study very hard- she has exam s soon . _ _ wear a uniform to be a po licema n. You your s ister go to Lo ndo n for her job interview? You ____ wear a unifo rm if you are a policeman. 5 We get up ea rly to mor row. Our flig ht leaves at 6.30. 6 Harry ____ work today- his sho p is closed. 7 I go now. It's very late. we go to bed? It's only 10 o 'clock! 8 0 1 2 0 0 3 0 4 5 0 6 7 8 D D 0 D ~ p.56 We~/ mustn't go to work next week. It's a ho liday. You don't have to f mustn't touch the oven. It's hot. Do you have to f must se nd a photo w ith your passport fo rm? The concert is free. You don't have to f mustn't pay. I'm late for a meeting. I have to I must go now. You don't have to f mustn't leave the door open- the d og will get out. We have to f must try th at new restaurant in tow n. In Britain you have to f must drive o n t he left. Do you have to fMust y ou be ta ll to be good at tennis? IJjm<·'• IIIII 8 SA should I shouldn't You shou ld wea r a suit to the interview. 3 47 >)) r t hin k you shou ld cha nge your job. r don't t h ink you should spea k to her. He's very st ressed. He shou ldn' t work so ha rd . You shou ldn' t d rink cofFee in the eveni ng. It'll keep you awake. 88 first condit ional: if+ present, will I won't If I miss t he last bus, 1'll get a taxi. If you tell her the truth , she won't believe you. W hat will you do ifhe doesn 't call you? 2 If you don't go, she won't be ve ry pleased. She won't be very pleased if you don' t go. 3 If you miss the last bus, get a ta xi. Ifyou miss the last bus, you can get a ta xi. 4 2 >)) • Use should f shouldn't + verb (in finitive w ithout to) to give somebody advice or say what you th in k is the right thing to do. • should/ shouldn't is the sa me fo r a ll persons. • We often use I think you should .. . or f don't think you should ... N 0 T +titmk-y<m-sltool:drr!t·:-:-c p oughtto You can also use ought to I ought not to instead of should I shouldn't, e.g. You ought to wear a suit. He ought not to work so hard. Use if+ present to ta lk about a possible situation and will / won't + verb to talk about t he consequence. 2 The if-clause can come first or second. if t he if-clause comes first, we usually pu t a comma before the next clause. 3 You can also use t he imperative or can + infinitive instead of will+ in fi niti ve in the other cla use. If I miss the last bus, I'll get a t axi. BC possess1ve pronouns W hose coat is it? It's my coat. 4 12 >)) It's m ine. W hose jacke t is it? It's your jacket. It's your s. W hose phone is it? It's his phone. It's his. Whose bag is it? Tt's her bag. Tt's hers. W hose dog is it? It's our do g. Tt's ours. W hose house is it? It's t heir house. It's theirs. • Use possessive pronouns to talk about possession. /s it y ours? Yes, it's mine. • Use W hose to ask about possession. Whose book is it? Whose is that bag? • D o n't use possessive pro nouns w it h a noun. NOT It's mine book. • Do n't use the w it h possessive prono uns, e.g. Ts this yours? NOT ls this theyo urs? pronouns and possessive adjectives overview subject pronouns can come. -----4~--------- object pronouns ..;_-- - . - - She loves me. possessive adjectives This is my possessive pronouns seat. It 's mine. You you your yours his He him his She her her hers It it its its We us our ours They them their theirs l GRAMMAR BANK SA b Comple te the sentences with should or shouldn't+ a verb in the list. a Complete w ith should o r shouldn't. 1 2 3 4 5 drive have go leave relax spend study walk wear You sillm.1d sto p smoking. work really You long hours every day. Yo u lose a bit of weight. You eat more fruit a nd vegetables. You put so much sugarin your coffee. You _ ____ start doing some exercise. 6 You 7 You 8 You drink less a lco ho l. drink mo re wa te r. go to bed so late. 88 a 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 We should lea ve early. It's going to start snow ing soon. Yo u a scarf. It's really cold today. I ____ th is afternoon. I have a n exam tomorrow. You alo ne in that part of rhe city. Get a taxi. S he more. She's very stressed. You so fast at n ight - the roads are d a ngerous. You to bed . You look tired. Pare nts more time with thei r child ren. We a break yet-weonly started work at 10.00. -< p.61 b Complete with the co rrect form o f the verbs. Match the sentence halve . I 2 3 4 5 6 If you leave n ow, [Q T he ticket wi ll be cheape r lfl do n't see you th is afternoon, You'll learn more quickly If you get that new job, You won't pass your driving test If I le nd you th is book, D D D D 1 2 D D 3 4 5 6 7 A if you do n't have e no ugh lesson s. B wi II you give it back to me soo n? 8 C yott4:1-eateh-the-&eB-tra·tn: 0 if you travel a fter 9.00. 9 If we S1fJL1 wa lki ng, t he bus will come. (sta rr, come) me you r sec ret, I anybody else. (tell, not tell) If you If I it do wn, I it. (not write, not remember) you me if you a ny news? (call, get) S he you if you her nicely. (help, ask) I you if I from A lex. ( phone, hea r) Yo u you rfrieod s if yo u to Pa r is . (miss, move) carefully, you everything. If you (listen, understand) The boss very pleased if you late for work. (not be, be) I you home ifyou me d irections. (drive,give) -< p.62 E if you come to every class. F will you ea rn mo re money? G I'Ll call you this eveni n g. ac b Com plete the sentences with a pronoun or possessive adjective. a Q the correct form. Whose car is that? It's her /~ I This isn't my f mine pen, it's Susan's. 2 I t hi nk this book is your / yours. 3 This isn't your su itcase, it's ours four. 4 Where's Ma ry? I t hin k these are her f hers gloves. 5 These keys are mine I the rnine. 6 T hey showed us all theirs/ their holiday photographs. 7 These seats are theirs I their, not ours. We're over there. 8 ls thisyourslyou rbag? 9 This isn't my jacket. It's her I hen. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 This isn't my coffee, it's yours. Where's~? A Is that her car? B No, it's he r boyfriend's. is a white Pe ugeot. Maya has a new b oyfriend, but I haven't met yet. Look. Here's a p hoto of Alex a nd Kim with new baby. We've fi n ished pay ing for o ur ho use, so it' now. These are our tickets. Can you give Maria and Marta ? We're very lucky. Our parents bought this dog fo r _ _ __ We both love gardening. Would you like to see _ _ __ garden? London is famo us for parks. -< p.65 9 p 9A second conditional: if+ past, would I wouldn't If a bu ll attacked me, I'd run away. 4 16>)) Ifyou didn't go to bed so late, you wouldn't be so tired in the morning. Would you take the manager's job if rhey offered it to yo u? 2 If ! had more time I'd do more exercise. I'd do more exercise ifl had more rime. 3 If we went by car, we could stop at places o n rhe way. • • 2 3 Use if+ past ro talk about an imagina ry or hypothetical futu re situation a nd would f wouldn't +verb to talk ab out t he consequence. would f wouldn't is t he same for all persons. Contractions: 'd = would (l'd,you'd, he'd, etc.); wouldn't = would not. The if-clause ca n come first or second. If t he if-clause comes first, we usually put a com ma before th e next clause. You ca n also use could+ infi nitive in stead of would+ in finitive in the other clause. 98 present perfect + for or since A B A B W he re do yo u live now? f4 21 >)) In Manchester. How long have you lived there? I've lived the re for twenty years. A B A B W here do you work? In a primary school. How long have you worked there? I've worked there si nce 2005. Use were (not was) in the expression If I were you, ... We often use t his expression for advice, e.g. if I were you, I wouldn't take that job. first or second conditional? Compare the firs t and second conditiona ls. • Use the firs t conditio nal for possible future situations. If! don't have to work tomorrow, I'll help you. (= It's a possibility. Maybe I w ill help you.) • Use t he second conditiona l for imaginary or hy pothetical situations. If I didn't have to work tomorrow, I'd help you. (=It's a hypothetical situation. I have to work, so l can't help you.) • Use t he present perfec t +f or or since to talk about actions a nd states which sta rted in the past a nd are still true now. I've lived in Manchester for twenty years. = I came to live in Ma nchester twenty years ago a nd I live in Manchester now. • Don't use the present simple in th is type of sentence, e.g. NOT ·~ Manehes-terfor-twettt:yyears~ • Use How long .. ? to ask questions about the duration of an action or a state. for or since? • Use for + a period of time, e .g.for two weeks ,for ten yea rs,for a lon8 time, etc. I've had this car for three months. • Use since with the beginning of a period of ti me, e.g. since 1980, since last June, etc. I've been afraid ofspiders si n ce I was a child. 9C present perfect or past simple? (2) 1 A H ow long was Bob Ma rl ey a musicia n? B A B 2 A B A B be in second conditionals Wit h t he verb be you can use were (instead of was) after I I he I she I it, e.g. If Jack was I were here, he'd know what to do. He was a musician for t wenty yea rs. How ma ny Grammys did he win ? He didn't win a ny. H ow long has Z iggy Ma rley been a musician? He's been a musicia n since he was ten. H ow many G rammys has he won ? He's won four. 4 28 >)) Use the past s imple to talk about a fi nished period of time in t he past. 2 Use the present perfe ct to talk about a period of time from t he past until now. • Compare the past simple and present perfect. Jack was married for ten years.= Jack is not married now. He's divorced or dead . Jack has been married fo r ten years. =Jack is married now. GRAMMAR BANK b Complete with the correct form of the ve rbs. 9A a Match the sente nce ha lve . 1 2 3 6 You'd feel much better C1] I'd enjoy th e weekend mo re I fit's sunny tomorro w, Wo uld you wea r it If we learn ed Po rtuguese, I wouldn't wo rk If I went to live in Lo ndo n, A B C 0 E F G ifyoo did SOI]Je exer c ise. would you come to visit me? if l boughtitfor you? we could go to the beach. ifl d idn't have to work on Saturday. we could go and work in Brazil. ifl didn't need the mo ney. I 2 3 4 5 D D D D 4 5 6 D D 7 8 9 10 If I.Jrumd a good job, [would nwve to the USA. (find, move) We the house if it a garden. (buy, have) lfyou Tndianfood , l'msureyou it. (try, like) You mo re if you harder. (learn , work) lf we a car, we d r ive up to the mo untains. (rent, can) We o ur son mo re often if he nearer. (see, live) to that restaurant if I you - it's very ex pensive. (no t go, be) I you to the ai rpo rt if my mum ____ the car. (take, not have) [quite like cycling, but 1 to wo rk if I ____ a car. (not cycle, have) you ____ your country ifyou _ ___ a well-paid job abroad? (leave, get) Llove living here. [ ____ hap py ifl _ _ _ _ leave. (not be, have to) -< p.68 98 a Write questio ns w ith How lonfj a nd the present perfect. you f be married How long haveyou been married? 1 you f be frightened of clow ns _ _ _ _ _____ ? 2 your sister f have her car - - - - - - -- ---? 3 yo u / li ve here _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _? 4 your dad f be a teacher ___________ ? 5 you f know your boyfriend - - - -- - ----- ? 6 Britain / be in the EU _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ? 7 you f have your cat _________ _ _ _ ? 8 he f work fo r the same company _ _ _ _____ ? I've been married for 20 years. 1 ( _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ( was a child. 2 3 4 5 She - - - - -- - - - - - - - - three yea rs. I _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ ______ a lo ng time. He _____________________________ 1990. ! _____ _______________________ May. 6 It 7 We 8 He 1973. about two yea rs. 2008. <II( p.71 b Complete w ith the present perfect o r past simple. 9C a @ b Answer the quest io ns in a. Use the present perfect + for or since. the correct fo rm. She is f~ single since last summer. I f-Ie lef t f He has left school two years ago. 2 / lived f l've lived in Cardifffo r two yea rs, but then I moved to Swansea. 3 She lives f She's lived in Flo rida since 2010. 4 My sister had f My sister has had her baby yesterday! 5 I work in an office. I work / I've worked there for 20 yea rs. 6 The city chan Bed f The city has c!JanBed a lot since I was a child . 7 T hey're divorced now. They were f They have been marr ied fo r ten yea rs. 8 I met / I've met Sandra when I was / have been at university. 1 A Where does Rob live now? BIn M adrid . A How lo ng there? (he / live) B For th ree months. He there in September. (move) 2 A When ______ ? (Picasso f die) BIn 1977, in Paris I th ink. A How lo ng in France? (he / live). B For a lo ng time. He Spain when he was 25. (leave) 3 A My bro ther and his wife get o n ver y well. B How lo ng m arried? (t hey / be) A They marr ied since 1995. They ____ at university. (be, meet) B Really? that in Paris? (be) -< p.72 10 lOA passive: be+ past participle Present: am I is I are + p a st p a rticiple [II Kevla r is used ro make bul let-proof vests. G T ippex isn't used very much today. [1] Are disposable nappies used all over the worl d? 4 38 >)) Past: was I were + past p a r t iciple [II T he d ishwashe r was invented by Jose ph ine Coch ra ne. G Windsc reen wipers were n't in vented unt il 1903. [1] When was t he wash ing mach ine inve nted? • You can often say things in two ways, in the active or in the passive. Josephine Cochrane in vented the dishwash er. (active) The dishwasher was invented by josephine Cochrane. (passive) • In the active sentence, the foc us is more on Josephine Coch ran e. • In the passive sentence the foc us is more o n the dishwasher. • You ca n also use th e passive when it isn't known or isn't importa nt who does or d id the action. My ca r was stolen last week. Volvo cars are m ade in Sweden. • Use by to say who d id the action. T he Lord of the Rings was written by Tolkien. lOB used to I didn't use to p G W he n I wa a child, I used to play in t he st reet. 4 43 >)) My brothe r used to have very lo ng hair. G C hi ld ren didn't use to watch much TV when my fat he r was young. My daughter didn't use to like vegetables, but now she loves t hem. [1] Did you use to wea r a unifo rm at school? Yes, I d id. Did you use to like your teache rs? o, I did n't. used to or usually? used to only exists in the past. For habits in the present, use usually+ present simple, NOT use-te I usually cook in the evenings. NOT I use-to-eook in the evefliFJgs. • Use used to I didn't use to+ verb to ta lk about thin gs that ha ppe ned repeatedly or were true fo r a lo ng period o f time in t he past, but are usually not true now, e.g. th ings th at ha ppened when you were a ch ild. • used to I did11.'t use to is the sa me for all persons. • Instead of used to you ca n use the past simple with a n adverb of freque ncy. W hen / was a child, I often p layed itt the street. lOC might I might not (possibility) We might have a picn ic romorrow, but it depe nds o n the weathe r. 4 SO l)) She might come with us. but she's not su re yet. I might not go to the pa rry. I haven't decided yet. You mig ht not sec hi m today. He's comin g ho me late. • Use might I might not+ verb (infinitive without to) to say that perhaps you wi ll or won't do something. We m iBht have a picnic tomorrow.= Pe rhaps we w ill have a picnic tomo rrow. • m iBht I might 110t is the sa me fo r all persons. • miBht not is no t usually contracted. p may I may not You can also use may instead of might for possibility, e.g. We may have a picnic tomorrow. I may not go t o the party. GRAMMAR BANK b Rew rite the sentences in the passive, beginning lOA w ith the highlighted word s. a Complete w ith present o r past passive. 2 3 4 5 The E iffel Tower was comp leted in 1889. (complete) Many o f the things we use every d ay ____ by women . (i nvent) In the UK most child ren in state schools. (educate) by Cap ta in Cook in 1770 . (discover) Australia T his morning I u p by the neighbo ur 's dog. (wake) Cricket in the summer in t he UK. (play) last year. (record) 6 T he songs o n this album 7 Nowadays a lot of toys in C hina. (make) 8 Carols a re songs which at C hristmas. (sing) 9 These birds in no rthern Eu rope. (no t usua lly see) 10 ' Ro me in a d ay.' {no t build) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Shakespeare w rote Hamlet in 1603. Hamlet was written by S hakespeare in 1603. Jo natha n lve desig ned the iPod and the iPhone. Most Medi terranea n countries pro duce olive oil. Herschel discovered Uranus in 1781. Ba rry Sonnenfeld directed the M en ir1 B1ack films. D av id Hackney pain ted Mr and Mrs Cla rk and Percy in 1970-1 97 1. Elvis Presley didn't w rite Blue Suede Shoes. JK Rawling w ro te the Harry Potter boo ks. They m ake Daihatsu car s in Japan. -< p.76 b M a ke sentences with used to, didn't use to, o r lOB did .. . use to? a Look at how Jo hn has changed. Write five sentences abo ut how he was IN THE PAST. Ill you I have lo ng hair Didyou use to have lonB hair? I G my sister I hate maths, but she loves it now 2 Ill where I you I work 3 G I I like vegetables when I was a child 4 what 1you 1do in the summer holidays when you were young 5 G The Brit ish I drink a lot of coffee 6 G this b uildin g I be a cinema 7 Ill your bro ther I teach here 8 G II be a Manchester United fan 9 Ill Jeff I have a m oto rbike 10 G teleg ram s I be a way of sending important messages rn He used to be slim. 1 _ _ _ __ __ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ lo ng hair. 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ glasses. 3 _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a beard. 4 football a tie. 5 -< p.79 b Complete the sen tences w ith miBht +a verb lOC phrase. a Match the sentences. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Take some sun cream . [QJ Let's buy a l.o ttery ticket. Phone the restaurant. Do n't sta nd on the wa ll. Let's take a map. Try the shirt on. Don't wait for me. Be ca reful w ith t hat k nife! Ask how much it costs. 0 0 0 A You might fa ll. 0 0 0 0 0 B C 0 E F G H lt may not be your size. We migh t get lost. It 111ight be really suuny. We may not have eno ugh money. You might cut yourself. It m ay be closed o n Sundays. We mi ght win . I I may be late. be cold be ill be in a meet ing ge-te-t:Ae-eiRema not have time not like it have fish and chips 1 2 3 4 I'm not sure w hat to do to n ight. I might go to the cinema. K im wasn't at school tod ay. She _ _ __ His pho ne is t urned off. He _ __ _ __ It's an unusual book. You _ __ __ __ I don't know if l'll finish it. ! _ _ __ _ _ 5 f'm not sure w hat to o rder. I _ __ _ _ _ 6 Take a jacket. It - - - - -- - - - <Ill( p.BO 11 • To express movement use a verb of move ment, e.g. lJo, come, run, walk , ere. a nd a preposition (or adverb) of movement e.g. up, down, away, etc. 11A expressing movement The man went u p the steps and into the church. He drove out of the garage and along the street. I ran over the bridge and across the park. 4 SB >)) p • A phrasal verb= ve rb+ particle (preposition or adverb), e.g. aet up, tum on, lookfor. 118 word order of phrasal verbs Whattimedo you getup? 53 >)) l don 't usually go out during the week. 2 Put on your coat. Put your coat on. Put it on. Turn off t he TV. Turn the TV off. Turn it off. 3 I'm looking for my glasses. Have you found your glasses? No, I'm still looking for the m. 11C so, neither+ auxiliaries A B A B 2 A B A B I love classical music. 5 6 >)) Sodol. I went ro a classical concert last night. So did I. I'm not married. Neith er am I. I don't want to get married. Neither do I. • Use So do I, Neither do I, etc. to say that you have something in common with somebody. 1 Use So+ auxiliary + I ro respond to positive sentences. 2 Use Neither+ auxiliary+ Tto respond to negative sentences. • The aux ilia ry you use depends on the tense. in or into? out or out of? Remember, use into I out of+ noun, and in I out if there isn't a noun. Come into the living room. Come in. He went out of the house. He went out. See Expressing movement p.l62. 1 Some phrasal verbs don't have an object, e.g. lJet up, lJO out. 2 Some phrasal verbs have an object and are separable. With these phrasal verbs you can put the particle (on, off, etc.) before QI. afte r the object. • When the object is a pronoun (me, it, him, etc.) it always goes between the verb and particle. Here'syour coat. Putiton. NOT Pttt-mtit: 3 Some phrasal verbs have an object and are inseparable, e.g. look f o r. With these phrasal verbs the verb (e.g. look) and the particle (e.g.for) are never separa ted. I'm lookinBfor my Biasses. NOT flm-l:ookittg-m.y-EJimsesfor: See Phrasal verbs p.163. present simple I don't like classical music. Neither do l. present continuous I'm having a great time So am i. c:an/ can't I can swim. So can I. pest simple I didn't like the film. I was very tired. Neither did I. So was I. would I wouldn't I wouldn't like to go there. Neit her would I. present perfect I've been to Brazil. So have!. • Be careful with the word order. So do l.f Neither do I. NOT So+d0: / Neither I de: p neither and nor You can also use nor instead of neither, e.g. A I didn't like the f ilm. B Nor I Neither did I. Neither is usually pronounced /'naioa/, but can also be pronounced /'ni:oa/. GRAMMAR BANK b Complete the sente nces w ith the correct 11A preposition . a Q l 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 the correct prepos ition. He jumped il.ili2. his car and drove away. As I cycled under the bridge, a train went _____ it. !lost my mobile phone signal when we went across ~a tunnel. We ran to I down the sea, and jumped into I out of the water. If you go over I past the bank , you' ll see the superma rket on the right. He walked alo118 I across the street unti l be got to the park. The plane flew on I over the tow n and then landed. The dog ran towards I to me, but then it stopped . We cycled over I out of the bridge and in I into the city centre. The racing cars went round I under the track 12 times. T he little boy suddenly ran across I throu[Jh the road. . The door's open. 2 Come 3 This is the 3rd floor. Go those stairs and you' ll come to the 2nd floor. 4 He walked the bar and ordered a drink. 5 I like going _____ on a Saturday night. 6 He took his passport his bag. 7 I'm exhausted. I've just cycled _ _ ___ a huge hill. ~ p.BS b Comple te the sentences w ith it or them and a 118 word from the list. a Q I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 I0 tbe correct fo rm. If both are correct, t ick ./ t he box. back in on (x2) up (x3) down Turn offyour mobile I Tum your mobile offbefore the fi lm starts. [ZJ Tonight I have to look my sister after I look after my sister. 0 Let's 80 out this eveninEJ I [JO this evenin[J out. 0 Tur11 dow11 the radio I Turn the radio dow11. It's too loud. 0 My brother is lookin[Jfor a new job l lookin[J a new job for. 0 You should throwaway thoseoldjea11s I throw those oldj eans away. 0 l don't Iike shopping for clothes online -I prefer to try them on I try 0 11 them before l buy them. 0 Take offyour shoes I Take your shoes offbefore you come in. 0 That's my sister -1 think you'd really [Jet on. with her I Bet on her with. 0 lf it doesn't fit, you should take back it I take it back to the shop. 0 W hat time do you [Jet up in the mornin[J I Bel in the mornin[J up? 0 I can't hear the radio. Turn tll!J2· Your clothes are all over the floor. Pick __________ 2 Here's your coat. Put _ _ __ _ _ __ 3 ' What does this word mean?' ' Look ___________ 4 To get your passport there are three for ms. Please fill now. 5 You remember that money I lent you? When can you give ? 6 Is there anything on TV? Let's turn __________ and see. 7 You won't remember my address. Write ~ p.87 b Respond to A . Say you a re the same. Use So ... I or 11C Neithel"... f. a Complete B 's answer w ith an auxilia r y verb. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A !like chocolate. B So dQ I. A I'm rea lly th irsty. B So _ _ __ r. l. A I did n't go out last n ight. B either A I was born in Rome. B So _ _ _ __ r. A l don't eat meat. B either ______ I. A I've been to Moscow. B So _ _ _ __ I. A l can't sing. B either _ __ _ _ I. A I'dliketogo to Bali . B So _____ l. A I saw a film last week. B So _____ l. A I wouldn't Iike to eat that. B Neither _____ I. A I ca n play chess. B So l. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A A A A A A A A A ~ p.BB l don't like cabbage. Neither do l. !live near the supermarket. I'm not afraid of snakes. I went to bed late last night. l haven't been to Canada. 1 don't have any pets. I can s peak three languages. I always drink coffee in tbe morning. I'm waiting fo r the bus to the ai rport. ~ 12 . Use the past perfect when you are already talking about the 12A past perfect G When I woke up the garden was all white. 5 17 >)) It had snowed during the night. I suddenly rea lised that I'd left my mobile in the tax i. G We got home just in time - t he march hadn't started. When she got to class, she reali zed that she hadn't brought her book. [1] A I went to Paris last weekend. I really loved it. B Had you been th ere before? A o, I hadn't. ' I don't want to go to the parry.' . . . r eported sp eech 5 23 >)) He said (that) he loved me. She said (that) she had just arrived. He told me {that) they would come at eight. Jack told Anna (t hat) he didn't want to go to the parry. • Use reported speech to report (to tell somebody) what another person said. • We often introduce reported speech with said or told(+ person) • After said or told t h at is optiona l, e.g. He said (that) he loved me. • Pronouns often cha nge in reported speech, e.g. I changes to he or she. 'I'm tired.' She told me (that) she was tired. past and want to ta lk about an ea rl ier past action. When I woke up the Barden was all white. It had snow ed durinB the niBht. = It snowed before I woke up. Make the past perfect with had I hadn't+ past participle . The form of the past perfect is the sa me for all persons . had is sometimes contracted to 'd . p . 128 reported (or indirect) speech direct sp eech ' I love you.' ' I've just arrived.' ' We'll come at eight.' .- had or would? Be careful: 'd can be had or would. I didn't know that you'd found a new job. ('d = had) if you went by taxi, you'd get there more quickly. ('d = would) Verb tenses ch ange like this: direct speech reported s peech 'I can help you.' (present simple) He said (that) he could help me. (past simple) 'I'm watching TV.' (present continuous) She said (that) she was watching TV. (past continuous) 'I'll phone you.' (will) He told me (that) he would phone me. (would) 'I met a girl.' (past simple) John told me (that) he had met a girl. (past perfect) 'I've broken my leg.' (present perfect) Sara said (that) she had broken her leg. (past perfect) p say or tell? You can use said or told in reported speech but they are used differently. You can't us e said with an object or pronoun. He said (that) he loved me. NOT He-s-aifi-me-(#ta~ levedme You must use told with an object. He told me (that) he loved me. NOT He-teld-(that:) heleved-me . 12C questions without auxiliaries subject W ho W hich singer How many peo ple W ho verb painted made live wants 5 27 >)) Mr and Mrs C lark and Percy? reggae popular all over t he world ? nea r th e school? a cup of coffee? . When the question word (Who?, What?, Which?, How many?, etc.) is the subject of the verb in the question, we don't use an auxi lia ry verb (do I does I did). W ho painted Mrand Mrs Clark and Percy? NOT~ In most other questions in the present and past simple we use the auxiliary verb do I does I did+ the infinitive. What music do you like? NOT What mttsicyoulike? See l Ap./26. ... GRAMMAR BANK b Complete the sentences. Put the verbs in the past si mple and past 12A perfect. a Match the sentence halves. 2 3 4 5 6 l couldn't get into my flat because [Q When our friends ar rived I took the jacket back because Jill didn't come with us because I turned on the TV news Johnny was ner vous because When l got to the supermarket checkout A B C D E F G she'd made other plans. I realized that I'd left my wallet at home. I'd lost 1ny keys. I had bought the wrong size. it was the first time he had flown. to see what had happened. we hadn't fi nished cooking the dinner. D D D D D 2 3 D a Write the sentences in re ported s peech. ' I love you.' He told her that he loved her. 1 ' I'm hungry.' She said that she _ _ __ 2 ' l don't like sad films.' He told her he _ _ __ 3 'I'll call the doctor.' He said he _ _ __ 4 ' I've bought a new phone.' Paul rold us that he _ _ __ 5 ' I live in the city centre.' She said that she _ _ __ 6 'We can't do it!' They said that they _ _ __ 7 ' I saw Eclipse at the cinema .' Julie said that she _ _ __ 4 5 6 7 7 ~ p. 93 He told her that he was a doctor. He said: 'I'm a doctor.' She said that she was studying Germa n. She said : ' - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 Tony told me that his car had broken down. Tony said :'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 Paul said that he would send me an email. Paul said:'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 Wanda and Jack said they were in a hurry. Wanda and Jack said:' _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 5 He said he hadn't fin ished his essay yet. He said:'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 She told us that she wou ldn't arrive on time. She said :'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 Dav id said he had just arr ived . ~ p. 94 Dav id said: ' - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - b W rite the questions. D o you know the answers? 12C 1 2 3 5 6 b W rite the sentences in direct speech . 128 a @ 4 We didn't get a table in the restaurant because we hadn't booked. (not get, not book) I Caroline because she _ _ _ _ _ a lot. (not recognize, change) My friend to tell me that I _ _ _ _ _ my wallet in his car. (phone, leave) When I the radio, the news _ _ _ __ (turn on, already finish) She me the DV D because she _ _ _ _ _ it yet. (not lend, not wa tch) T he bar _ _ _ _ _ by the time we (close, arrive) W hen we _ _ _ _ _ home we saw that somebody _ _ _ _ _ the kitchen window. (get, break) Luckily it _ _ _ _ _ snowing when we _ _ _ __ work. (stop, leave) the correct questio n form. What you did I~ last night? What happened I did happen to you? What means this word I does this word mean? How many people came I did come to the meeting? Which bus BOes I does 80 to rown? Which film won I did win the Oscar th is year? What said the teacher I di.d the teacher say? Who made I did make this cake? It's fantast ic! 2 3 4 5 6 7 How many Formula 1 champio nships did Mi.chael Schumacher win? (Mich ael Schumacher I w in) When _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ president of the USA? (Barack Obama I become) W hich US state _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ with the letter' H'? (start) Which books ? (J.R.R. Tolkien I write) Who the football World Cup in 2010? (win) Which sport the lightest ball? (use) Where ? (the 2008 Olympics I take place) W hich com pany ? (Steve Jobs I start) ~ p. 96 tiMt:ft - VOCABULARY BANK Describing people 1 APPEARANCE 2 PERSONALITY a a I~ Match the sentences and pictures. Match the adject ives with t he de fi nitions. W h at's h e like? W h at's sh e like? clever 'kk\':l friendly 'frcnJii funny "f\ni kind kamd lazy 'lc1zi shy Jal t alkative generous Ad jective A person who is open and warm is 'J:;cn;)ra~ ' ' t:~:btl\ t O pposite friendly A person w ho talks a lo t is 2 3 A person who likes giving people things is 4 A person who is friendly and good to other peo ple is 5 A person who doesn't wa nt to work is 6 A person who makes peo ple laugh is 7 A person who is qu ick at learning and understanding things is (sy no nym intelligent) 8 A person who can't talk easily to people he I s he doesn't know is b Complete the O pposite column w ith an adjective from the list. W h a t d oes h e I sh e look like? She has curly red hair. She has long straight hair. She has big blue eyes. She has dark wavy hair. He has a beard and a moustache. He's ba ld . He's very tall and thin . He's quite short and a bit o verweight. He's medium height and quite slim. b p 1 10 >)) Listen and check. thin or slim? fat or overweight? Thin and slim are both t he opposite of fat, but slim= thin in an attractive way. Fat is not very polite. It is more polite to say someone is (a bit) overweight. Using two adject ives together We often use two adjectives together (without and) to describe hair or eyes, e.g. She has long curly hair or He has big brown eyes. Adjectives go in this order: size>style>colour noun. extrovert ek..,tr;)V3:t ha rd-working hu:d 'w3:ku]/ mean 'mi:n quiet 'k\vat;:,t.' serious ·~t;:,rid~. stupid t\tju:p1d unfriendly /An'frcndJi. unkind rAn'kamdl 1 11 >)) Listen and check. c d In pairs, as k and answer about a m ember of your family or a good friend. A What does your sister look lik~ ~ She's quite tall and she has shor t dark hair. A What's she /ik~ p nice; funny or fun? Nice is a very common[±) adjective of personality, e.g. He's a very nice person. Nice describes a person who is friendly and kind. A person who is funny makes you laugh. A person who is fun is a person who you have a good time with. <Ill( p.6 fThings you wear VOCABULARY BANK a Match the words and p icture . Cloth es 'ko:(hg~n l ca rdiga n coat bot dress tires jacket 'd3rek1t jeans tl3i:nz shirr .f:1:t shorts J;):ts skirt \k:l:t/ su it -,u:t sweate r (sy no ny m jumper) "' ct;-~ top tnp tracksuit ''tnt:ksu:t/ tro use rs t ratll::v T-sh irt 'ti:f3:tf Footwear boots bu:t<-. flip-flo ps fhp flop., sa ndals "srendlz shoes Ju:z traine rs ''t rcm~z Accessories belt belt cap ka:p/ bat hret leggi ngs 'lcgti)Z gloves gL'\\ z sca rf 1sko:f/ socks .,nks tie taJ tights Hllh / Jewellery bracelet 'hrctsl~t ea rrings l~rllJz/ necklace 'nckl~" ri ng rtf) b l 19 >)) Listen and ch eck. c Cover the words and look a t th e pictures. Test yourself or a partne r. <II( p.B p wear, carry, or dress? Use wear for clothes and jewellery I glasses, etc. She's wearing a hat. He's wearing sunglasses. Use carry for bags, cases, etc. She's carrying a bag. Use dre~s (with no object) to describe the kind of clothes people wear. The ttaltans dress very well. Jane always dresses in black. - VOCABULARY BANK Holidays 1 PHRASES WITH GO 2 OTHER HOLIDAY ACTIVITIES a Match the phrases and pictu res. a Complete the verb phrases. book buy have hire rent spend stay sunbathe take stay in a hotel / at a campsite f with friends _ __ _ photos _ _ _ _ souvenirs _ _ _ _ on the beach _ _ __ a good time _ _ _ _ money f time _ _ _ _ a n apartment _ _ _ _ a bicycle f skis _ _ _ _ flights f hotels online b 32 l)) Listen and check. p rent or hire? Rent and hire mean the same but we normally use rent for a longer period of time, e.g. you rent a flat or apartment, and hire for a short t ime, e.g. you hire skis, a bike, a boat, etc. With a car you can use hire or rent. c Test yourself. Cover the verbs. Remember the phrases. 3 ADJECTIVES a Match the questio ns a nd answers. 1 2 3 4 5 What was the weather like? It was ... What was the hotel like? It was .. . W hat was the town like? It was .. . What were the people like? They were ... What was the food like? It was ... 8] comfortable, luxurious EJ basic, dirty, uncomfortable 8] friendly, helpful EJ unfriendly, unhelpful 8] beautiful, lovely EJ noisy, crowded 8] delicious EJ nothing ~cia!, disg.y.sting 8] warm, sunny G ve ry wi ndy, fogg y, cloudy go abroad 1 go away for the weekend go by bus f car f plane f trai n go camping go for a walk go on holiday b go out at night p go sightseeing go skii ng f walki ng / .cycl ing go swimming 1rnling 1surfing b 33 l)) Listen an d check. General positive and negative adjectives 8] .!Qvely, wonderful, fantastic, great G 31 l)) Listen and check. ~ p.l2 Cover the phrases and look at the pictures. Test yourself or a partner. 0 /S, not bad, alright awful, !Jgrrible, terrible VOCABULARY BANK Prepositions 1 AT/IN / ON 2 VERBS + PREPOSITIONS a Complete the Prepositions colum n with a word fr o m tbe list. about at for 1 Countries and cities Months France, Paris February, June Rooms Seasons the kitchen (the) winter Buildings a shop, a museum Closed spaces Years 2011 Times of day a car the morning, the afternoon, the evening (not Flight:) Transport Dates a bike, a bus, a train, a plane, a ship (not ear) 1st March a park, a garden 2 in of on t o with Pre p ositio n s I arri ved Days 2 I was ver y tired when I a rri ved Tuesday, New Year's Day, Valentine's Day A surface the floor, a table, a shelf. t he balcony, the roof. the wall school, home, work, university t he airport , the st at ion, a bus st op 3 3 I hate waiting ;~ 5 I'm so rry, but r really do n't agree 6 I asked 16o'clock, half past 9 I. need to spea k Festival periods Christmas, Easter night (:) A Say a place o r time word, e.g. Paris, Tuesday. B Close your books. Say the prepo itio n (at , in, or on). the meeting. II Are you going to write 12 Do n't worry food . him soon? the exam. It isn't very hard. a man she met o n the You're not listenin g! What are you th in ki ng ? 15 A What do you th ink Shakir a? B I really like her. I th ink she's g reat. b 1 42 >)) Listen a nd ch eck. c Look at the chart fo r a few minutes. T hen test a partner: Ma rti n I don't spend m uch money 13 She fell love internet. t he pa rry. the meal? I0 14 you. a chicken sandw ich, but th is is tu na! 8 Who's going to pay two, Z45 t he weekend ~ p.l4 people who are late. 7 Let's invite Debbie and T im I the ho tel. 4 A What are you going to do the weekend? B I do n't know. It depends the weather. Times a party, the door Swap roles. Par is on Fri day n ight. b c p 1 68 >)) Listen a nd check. Cover the Prepositions column. Say t he sentences. arrive in or arrive at? Remember we use arrive in+ cities or count ries and arrive at+ buildings, stations, etc. ~ p. 23 - Housework, make or do? 1 HOUSEWORK 2 MAKEORDO? a a Match the verb phrases a nd the pictu res. VOCABULARY BANK W rite rnake o r do next to t he pictu res. a course do _ _ _ a mista ke _ __ an exam / a n exercise / homework _ _ _ a noise _ _ _ a phone ca ll _ _ _ housework _ _ _ fri ends clean the floor do the ironing _ _ _ lunch J di nner do the shopping do the washing do the washing- up lay the table (opposite clear) make lunch make the beds pick up d irty clothes (from the floor) put away your clothes take out the rubbish tidy your room b 2 13>)) Liste n a nd check. c Cover the phrases a nd look at the pictures. Say the phrases. _ _ _ sport J exercise _ _ _ plans b c 14>)) Lis ten a nd check. Cover the phrases a nd look at the pictures. Say the phrases. d Talk to a pa rtner. • • • • W hat ho usework do you usually do? What have you done today? Who does the most housework in your fa mily? Do you argue about housework in your fa mi ly? Give examples. W hat housework do you hate doing? W hat don't you mind doing? Is there any housework you like doing? ~ p. 28 Shopping VOCABULARY BANK 1 IN A SHOP OR STORE a Match the words and pictures. cha nging rooms checkout customer receipt shop assistant I take sth back trol ley f basket try sth o n b 2 28 >)) Li ten a nd check. c Cover t he words and look at the pictures. Say the word s. p fit or suit? If clothes don't fit you, it means they are the wrong size (e.g. too big, too small, too tight, too loose}. If clothes don't suit you, it means they don't look good on you. 2 ONLINE a Read the tex t about shopping online. Then complete it with words fro m the li st. account ,·!.;;wnt auction :d,Jn basket 'hu:-..1.:11 checkout t.fck< ot delivery d1'll\ ,I 1 item a1t;-~mf payment 1m;-~n size '· 1 website Shopping online When you are shopping online, first you go to the 1website. The first time you use a site you usually have to create an _ _ _, where you give your personal details. You then choose what you want to buy, and click on each 3_ _ _ If you are buying clothes, make sure you get the right 4 or 5 ! Everything you buy goes into your shopping bag , usually at the top right of the page. When you are ready to pay you click on 'proceed to then have to give your 7 6 '.You address where you want them to send your things, and give your 8 details, for example your credit card number and expiry date. Many people today also buy and sell things online at sites like eBay. b 2 29 >)) Lis ten and check. ~ p.31 9 _ __ VOCABULARY BANK Describing a town or city 1 WHERE IS IT? HOW BIG IS IT? a Look at the m ap. T hen read the description ofR eading a nd S the correct words o r phrases. Reading is a town in the sout h I north of England, on the River Thames I the Sout h coast. It is about 40 miles east I west of London. It is a small I medium sized I large town and it has a population of about 250,000. It is famous for its music fest ival, which is one of the biggest in t he UK. b 2)46 >)) Listen and ch eck. 2 WHAT'S IT LIKE? adjectives to describe a town or city 3 WHAT IS THERE TO SEE? a Put th e wo rd s in the r igh t colum n . a M atch the adjectives a nd sentences 1- 6. east!€ "- ... 1 cathedral 1 -,ot:dr church J...:tJ 1 mosque '1 hk department store l I p• ' I 1:1111 ~t _,. market 1 shopping centre .I )J "l t;) museum "' palace town hall l n statue t lu temple Opposite bo rin g •n:ruJ crowded '~ exciting , 1d tdl d angerous cmd3,1r;:J-, mod ern 111 Religious buildings Places where you can buy things Historic buildings and monuments castle noisy ""'" polluted p.1'lu:t1 I 1 There are a lo t of ba rs and clubs w ith lo ud music. 2 T he air is very d irty. 3 T here are too many people. 4 T he build ings were all b uilt quite recently. 5 T here's nothing to do. 6 Yo u have to be ca reful , especially at ni ght. I b Match these ad jectives w ith their o pposites in a. clean k h.11 empt y t. exeffirtg "\atl 1 interesting 1 trc-.tnj/ old -.. 1ld quiet k. q 11 safe "'-' f 2 47 >)) Listen a nd check your answers to a and b. b d Cover th e w ords a nd loo k at the sentences. c c R em ember the adjectives and t heir o pposites. 2 4 8 >)) Liste n a nd check. W hich of the places in a a re there f a ren't t here in your cit y? ( !,here's a cathedral and some churches. ~e isn't a castle. <Ill( p.39 Opposite verbs VOCABULARY BANK a Match the verbs and pictu res. Opposite arrive (early ) . . . , leave break (your [Jlasses) '' c1k buy (a house) find (your keys) md forget (a name) . ., lend (money to somebody) miss (a train) pass (an exam) •:-; push (the door) r f, send (au email) '>L 11d start (a race) " l, teach (En[Jlish) nd ~f tu rn o n (the TV) ·n 'on win (a match) '1r b Find the o ppo ite verb in the list. Write them in the Opposite column . borrow (from somebody) )f;xJ catch 1.. · fail \.!1 get I receive l!L 1 n'~m learn b n leave li lose (x2) I t mend I repair •nd n pcd. pull 1cmb:'l! remember sell stop I finish >r fm1_f, turn off c 3 2 >)) Li ten a nd check. d Cover the verbs a nd look at the pictures. Remember the ve rb a nd their o pposites. ~ p.44 View Cut VOCABULARY BANK Verb forms 1 VERBS + INFINITIVE a Complete the to+ verb column w ith to+ a verb fro m the list. be bring buy catch drive find get married ge (x2) help pay rain see turn off to+ verb to France for our holiday. We've decided I decide .tQ.gQ_ Don't fo rget all the lights. 2 forget We ho pe you agai n soon. 3 hope I'm learning . My test's next month. learn 4 I need to the superma rket. We don't have any milk. 5 need He offered me wi th my CV. 6 offer T hey're planning soon. 7 plan He pretended ill, but he wasn't really. 8 pretend He's promised me back when he gets a job. promise 9 your dictionaries to class tomorrow. 10 remember Remember It was ver y cloudy and it sta rted 11 start I'm trying a job, but it's very ha rd. 12 try I want the six o'clock train . 13 want a new car next month . 14 would like I'd like b 3 25 >)) Listen a nd check. c Cover the to+ verb column. Say the sente nces. ~ p. 53 2 VERBS + GERUND (VERB + -lNG) a Complete the gerund column w ith a ve rb from the list in the gerund. be cook do have make rain read talk tidy wake up work gerund I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 enjoy finish go on (= continue) hate like love (don't) mind spend (time) start* stop feel like 1 enjoy in bed. Have you finished r~adizl[J your room? until I'm 60. I wa nt to go on I bate late when I'm meeting someone. I li ke breakfast in a cafe. I love on a sunny morning. I don't mind the ironing. It's quite relaxi ng. She spends hours on the phone. It starred at 5.30 in the mornin g. Please stop such a noise. I can't th ink. I don't feel like today. Let's go out for lunch. • start can be used wit h a gerund or infinitive, e.g. It started raining. It started to rain. b 3 29 >)) Listen and check. c Cover the gerund column. Say the entences. ~ p.SS get pget . get IS one of the most common verbs in English: It has several different meanings, e.g. amve, become, and can also be used with many prepositions or adverbs with different meanings, e.g. get up, get on with. a Match the phrases and the pic tures. Bet= become (+adjective 1past participle) get angry ge t divorced get fit get lost gcr married ger nervous Bet= become ( + comparative) get better get colder get worse Bet= buy I obtain get a job get a newspaper ger a ticket set+ preposition (phrasal verbs) get o n I off a bu get o n (well) with get up set (to)= arrive get ho me ger ro chool get ro wo rk net= receive get an email get a present get a (text) message b 3 55 >)) Listen and check. c C ove r the phrases and look at the pictures. Test yourself or a partner. ~ p.61 VOCABULARY BANK VOCABULARY BANK Confusing verbs a M atch the verbs and pictu res. wear wc:l jewellery clothes carry ka:ri a ba[J a baby wi n \\ 1n a medal a prize a match ear n .n. a sala~y mo11ey know n1o somebody well something meet 111 : somebody for thefirst time at 11 o'clock ho pe h;'l(JP that somethinB good will happen to dosth wait \I,Cil for a bus fo r a lon[J time watch wot.~ TV a match look at lok <ct/ a phot o your watch look luk happy about 25 years old look like lok huk y our mother a model miss nH'> the bus a class los e lu:z a match your [Jlasses bring hnn take L'lk an umb1·ella your dictionary sth back f rom holiday your childre11 to school look for dol your [Jlasses ajob b c :>: find ',und your glasses ajob say -.u son y hello something to sb te ll t... a joke a lie so111ebody something lend 1.. 1d mo11ey to sb borrow hn "'0 money from sb 4 5 >)) Listen a nd check. Work w ith a partner. A say a ve rb, B say a possible con t in uat io n . A Wait~ ~ <Ill( p.63 for a bus p hope and expect hope = t o want st h t o happen and think it will happen, always for positive things, e.g. I hope I'll pass the exam. expect = to think sth will happen, usually for a reason (not necessarily a positive t hing), e.g. I expect I'll fail because I haven't worked very hard. look and look like After look we use an adjective or an age. After look like we use a noun. VOCABULARY BANK Animals a Match th e words and pictures. bee butterfly t,t.t;,flal fly "1'-.lo:t~ mosquitO ·-~~ pider . ,. bull ' km chicke n cow goat ., t horse pig "1:-; lJ heep r p bat bear ~.-;v bi rd l ca mel ~ crocodile " nbd,ul '-' .·m dolphin 1f~nt elephant giraffe o:l jellyfish l. ~hf1f, kanga roo lion 'IJ9;l'ru: " monkey mouse (plural 111ice) ms rabbit hark nake tiger whale b ~1k J;:l. 11 4 17 l)) Listen and ch eck. c Cover t he words a nd look a t the pictu res. Test yourself or a part ne r. ~ p.68 - Expressing movement I~ a Match the words and pictures. under (th e bridBe) along (the street) \fllb :l lnt.J round / around (the lake) wund a r.umd through (the tunnel) lh into (the shop) ·•· tL across (the road) .., rn~ over (the bridBe) '~ ll p (the steps) r past (the church) J·u·..,t towards (the lake) dow n (the steps) "I\\ .1:d1 l o ut of (the shop) .ot p Ji :l\ in(to) and out (of) After a verb of movement we use either in I out or into I out of+ place, e.g. Come in. Come into my office. He ran out. He ran out of the room. b 4 57 >)) Listen and check. c C ove r the words. Where did S now y go? ~e went down the s teps ... p away, off, and back We use away to express movement to another place, e.g. Go away! I don't want to speak to you. The man ran away when he saw the policeman. We use back to express movement to the place where something or somebody was before, e.g. After dinner we went back to our hotel. Their dog ran away and never came back. We use of( to express movement down or away, e.g. Get off the bus at the railway station. The man ran off when he saw the policeman. ~ p. 84 VOCABULARY BANK VOCABULARY BANK Phrasal verbs a Match the e ntences and the pic tures. The match will be over at about 5.30. I need to give up smoking. Don't throw away that letter! Turn down the mu ic! It's very loud . Turn up the T V! I can't hear. He looked up the words in a dictionary. Could you fill in this form? I want to find out about hotels in Madrid. It's bedtime- go and put on your pyjamas. Could you take off your boots, please? My sister's looking after Jimmy for me today. I'm rea lly looking forward to the holidays. b 2>)) Listen a nd check. c Cover the sentences and look at the pictures. Remember the phrasal verbs. d Look at these other phrasal verbs from Files l- 10. Ca n you remembe r what they mean ? getup come on go away (for the weekend) go out (at night) stand up sit down turn on (the TV) turn off (the TV) try on (clothes) give back (someth ing you've borrowed) take back (something to a shop) call back (later) pay back (money you've borrowed) switch off (the air conditioning) write down (the words) put away (e.g. clothes in a cupboard) pick up (something on the floor) carry on (doing something) look for (something you've lost) get on f off (a bus) get on with (a person) ~ p.87 p Type 1 = no object The verb and the particle (on, up, etc.) are never separated. I get up at 7.30. Type 2 =+object The verb and the particle (on, up, etc.) can be separated. Turn the TV on. OR Turn on the TV. Type 3 = + object The verb and the particle (on, up, etc.) are never separated. Look for your keys. NOT l::eek-yet:JF-keys-fer. 5 29 >)) Present Past simple Past participle learn I:J:n learnt b:nt learnt leave In left left left lend knd lent lent lent let let let let lose lu:/ lost make metkl made mcu..l made meet mi:tl met met met pay pet / paid pe1d paid put pot put put read ri:dl read red \ read red ring r•o rang r<co rung r.... IJ run nn ran ncn run said ·...cd/ said Present Past simple Past participle be ht was wn7 were \\J: been hi:n become ht'l.. 'm became bt kcm1 become begin ht'gm began ht'y<cn begun bt'y.,n/ break hrcJt... broke h bring hruJ brought hr.1:t brought build hlld built hilt built buy bat bought b;):t bought can kren could 1kud catch ka:tf caught b:tl choose tJu:7/ chose come !;,m came kctm come cost kn'>t cost cost say cut k.\t cut cut see \i: saw <,;): seen \i:nl sell -.el sold '"~ld l sold send ... end sent ,.,entl sent shut J't shut shut sing '>IIJ sang 'sa:o' sung ......,IJ.I sit "'' sleep .,IJ:p sat -.<ct sat slept 'slept slept speak .,pd spoke "P~k spoken ·.,p:lok:ln spend -.rend ~~~-.. tJ~o/ 'hr~ukan broken caught chosen 'tJ~znl do du: did dtd done J,n drink dnokl drank dr:.clJk drunk tdnl]kl drive dnuv drove 1dr~ov driven t'dnvn / eat i:t ate eaten 'i:tn fall h:l fell kl fallen 'f:>:bn feel fi:l felt fdt felt find famd found fly fl.ll flew 1'1 1:-~'qct forget t.ll r ond 1 found flown fl~n "e' ln~t / lost spent '>pent spent stand ..,ta:nd stood ·\tod st ood steal -.tt:l stole ... t;'I(JII stolen swim "" 1111 swam "''a:m swum ..,,, 'm take tctk t ook tok taken 'te1k.:ln teach tJ.tf taught t '\'.t tau g ht tell tel told l;'l(lld told think 011)k thought 0.1:1 thought throw threw thrown Or:1on ·-,t~ol;m forgot h'ynt forgotten f:1'gntn get 'ge got gnt got give ·gl\ gave '<-ICI\ given 'gt\n go Q;l<l went ''cnt gone ynn grow 'goo grew qru: grown 1gr:l(JO have ha:v had ha. had hear ht,, heard I .;:d heard hit hit understa nd \lllb -.ta:ml understood hit htt woke '' :10!-.. woken wore '' 1: worn \\'\:n won ""n won wrote written rnn Ar~o ~lru: understood \lllb\tud - - --+--keep ki.p kept 1-.t. 1t kept wake ''e'k know knew ,· 1: known n 1<m wear 11;1() win ,,e~ \\111 write ntt 164 Irregular verbs IbM$ '"'lit \\;'I(JK~n Appendix have got • Yo u ca nu e havc[Jotin stead of have fo r po es ion in th e present. I've got a bike. = I have a bike. H ave you [JO t a ca r?= Do yo u have a car? • We also usc lwve [JO L to talk about fa mily and illnes e , a nd to descr ibe people. I've got two sisters. l-Ie's [JO t a cold. She's [JO t IOII[J brow11 hair. • have [JOL is not used in the past. For past possession usc had. I had a pet cat 111he11 I was a child. D id you h ave a pet? • l'venot. .. f llaveyo" not. .. ? is co mmon in the K especially in conver arion. bur I It ave ... f Do you have ... ? i al o common. l're got a brother a nd two i ter . 3 45 l)) I haven't got a ny pet . he' got a beautiful house. He hasn't go t ma ny friends. Have they got a ny children? o. they haven't. Has the hotel got a wimming pool? Yes, it has. full form contraction negative I have got I've got 1haven't got --- You have got You've got He I She I It has got He I She I It's got He I She I It hasn't got We have got We've got We haven't got You've got You haven't got They've got They haven't got --You have got --They have got ---- -----~------ rn You haven't got 0 0 Have I got Have we got I haven't. you have. you haven't. r- Have you got Has he I he I it got I have. a car? Yes, he I she I it has. we have. No, he I she I it hasn't. we haven't. Have you got you have. you haven't. Have they got they have. they haven't. a Write G. 8 a nd [1] sente nces with t h e co rrec t fo rm o f b Comp le te the se nte nces wi th th e ri gh t fo rm o f have [JO t . have [JO t. t hey/ big ho use G They've [JO t a big house. I she/ a ny brothe r G 2 3 4 5 you / big fl at [1] we/ a lo r of wo rk today G your ister /a boyfriend [1] Roger a nd Va l / a beautiful ga rde n 6 7 8 9 10 1/ a really good teac he r G My b rother / a job at the mo me nt they/ the a me colo ur eye G we/ a meeting tod ay [1] he / ma ny friends a t work G I 2 3 4 5 G G 6 7 8 9 I0 They love a n ima ls. T hey've go t two dogs a nd fi ve ca ts. my umbrella today. I hope it d oesn't rai n - I your p hone a good ca me ra? a new i Pad . D o you wa nt to see it ? Sorry kids, l __ e no ugh mo ney ro buy sweet . Ja ne ___ 50 pa irs of hoe - ca n you believe it? I ca n 't call h im now - I a signa l o n my pho ne. your keys? I ca n't fi nd mine. you Maria's so lucky- he lovely c urly hair. One mo re qu e rio n, M r )o ne . you any qualifications? We mig ht have problems getti n g the re b eca use we a tn av in o ur ca r. ~ p.59 Appendix 165 SOUND BANK Vowel sounds u su al spelling rn 9. thin slim history kiss if since - · ! butalso u su al s pelling English wo men busy decide repeat gym u su nny must n't fu nny ru n lucky cut co me docs someo ne enough yo ung touch a* ai ay change wake tra iners fa il away pa) break stea k g reat overweight they grc: o* o pen ho pe wo n't so coat goa l snow th [()\\ a ltho ugh ! butals o ~-----------------+----------------~ ee ea e feel sheep teach mea n she we people machine key niece receipt tree [!] • cap hat back catch ca rry match oa I I ,----- ar a car o fa r la rge ca r f fast pass a fter aunt laugh heart i* quiet item Sh) wh) y igh m ight sights to p lost so cks w rong ho t box what wash wa nt because ou water auctio n bought thought abroad war m oi wo ul d sho ul d wo man eer beer enginccr ere here \vc'rc ear bea rd ea r r ings really idea air a ir port stair pair hair are sq uare ca re ful their there wea r bear bu) eyes height tro users ro und acco unt blo use ow crm\ ded dO\\ n clock or bo r ing no rth al wa lk ba ll aw a\\ ful sa\\ oy co in noisy po int toy enjo} hor e [! Po pull pu h football book look good -------------------+----------------~ oo school cho ose u * use po lluted ew few knew do sui t jui ce shoe lose thro ugh boot co mputer l Ma ny d iffe rent spell ings. /;)/ is always un stressed. clever nervo us a rri ve po lice invento r agree er ir ur person ver b d irty shirt curly tu r n ear n wo r k wo rld wo rse e pcll lend west send ve ry red friend ly weather swea ter a ny sai d A very unu ual sound . Eu rope fur io us sure plura l A sound between /J/ a nd /i:/. Con o n ant+ y at the end of words is pronounced /if. happ) angry thi rsty /i/ bird rn egg An unusual sound. ed ucatio n usually fuf - --------' *especially befo re consonant + e I situ at ion I 0 short vowels - lo ng vowels 0 diphthongs Consonant sounds SOUND BANK -~- - - but a lso u s u a l s p e lling th th ing th row hea lt hy o uth math bo th th neithe r the clothes su nbarh e th at with thumb mother camping across l irr l ind checko ut pick b u t a lso che m isr's stomach m o qu ito acco unt g row goa t forget beg in foggy leggings fi nd a fraid safe elephant nephew off di fferent enough laugh v ideo v isit 10\ cly im ent 0\ c r ri\ e r or linlc lc plan inc redible wi ll troll ey ~ r ight t ry te ll ta rt la te bcn cr itt ing wa I ked d resscd ~ r rca lly rc t pract ice t ry borrow ma rried "rittcn "rong o ne o nce wh \\ e b ire t \\ ins \\ Orried \\ in "hy \\ h ic h wh ale y ) ct ) ca r rr w " itc h d id dead hard rold add ress m idd lc loved tired . ~ )- acht fa.,tcr mi '>'> me.,.,age place c ircle '> tOP'> ...cic nce ~ mo nkey )-OUn g ) Oga before u u seful u niform m mm ~ :. <,h ur -.hoes j -. ugar -. ure w a'>h in g fin i~h mach ine t i (+ vowel) mo ustac he pa ti c nr in for m ati o n c i+a p ccial mu icia n '>hower .o Q voiced ho use Q unvoiced knock ng a ngry ri ng along thi ng bri ng going thin k tha n k h h at h are a head pe rh aps h ire helpfu l '' ho "ho e "hole singer An unu ua I o und. revisio n d eci'>io n con fu'>ion u-. ua lly garage telcvi-.ion neckl~ ae kn ow n eed no ne a ny fu nny di nn er --- sh J1l mo untain m odern reme m ber e mai l su mmer wimm ing i