Особенности квазистатических испытаний нитей и тканей

ȼȿɋɌɇɂɄ ɉɇɂɉɍ
Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ
2013
ʋ2
ɍȾɄ 620.172
Ⱦ.ɋ. Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ, Ɇ.ɋ. Ɍɟɦɟɪɨɜɚ
ɉɟɪɦɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ,
ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ
ɈɋɈȻȿɇɇɈɋɌɂ ɄȼȺɁɂɋɌȺɌɂɑȿɋɄɂɏ ɂɋɉɕɌȺɇɂɃ
ɇɂɌȿɃ ɂ ɌɄȺɇȿɃ
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɚɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ.
ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɟɦɧɟɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ
ɄɌ-11-ɌɈȺ ɢ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ. ɇɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚɯ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ, ɩɨɫɱɢɬɚɧ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɜɚɪɢɚɰɢɢ, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɇɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚɯ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ
ɧɢɬɟɣ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɭɩɪɭɝɨɝɨ
ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɩɨ 60 ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚɦ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɜɚɪɢɚɰɢɢ. ɂɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ Instron 5965 ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɚ AVE.
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ, ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ, ɚɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ, ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɚɹ ɧɢɬɶ, ɤɪɟɦɧɟɡɟɦɧɚɹ ɬɤɚɧɶ.
D.S. Lobanov, M.S. Temerova
Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
FEATURES OF QUASISTATIC TESTS
OF THREADS AND FABRICS
This paper devoted to analyzes the methodological issues of mechanical testing of filaments
and fabrics, which are the reinforcing elements to create composite materials. In this paper static tensile
tests techniques silica fabric CT-11-TOA and glass filaments with determination of mechanical properties develop and approved. On samples of fabric value of the maximum ultimate load is defined, the
statistical analysis is carried out, the variation coefficient is counted, deformation charts are constructed.
On samples of glass threads values of the maximum loading, the maximum specific loading, the elastic
module and relative elongation at a gap. The diagrams of deformation carried out statistical analysis of
60 samples were obtained and the average values of the mechanical characteristics and the coefficients
of variation. Tests were carried out on the electromechanical Instron 5965 testing system with use of the
contactless video extensometer AVE.
Keywords: tension test, experimental mechanics, reinforced element, glass thread, silica fabric.
96
Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ
ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ
ɉɪɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɜ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ,
ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ [1–2].
ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɪɟɦɧɟɡɟɦɧɚɹ
ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɚɹ ɬɤɚɧɶ ɄɌ 11 ɌɈȺ ɢ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɟ ɧɢɬɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɬɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ. Ʉɪɟɦɧɟɡɟɦɧɵɟ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɢɡɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɫɭɪɨɜɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ, ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɡ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɤɪɭɱɟɧɵɯ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɩɟɪɟɩɥɟɬɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɚɬɢɧ 8/3 ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɨɬɧɹɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɟɩɥɟɬɟɧɢɟɦ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɄɌ 11 ɌɈȺ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɤɢɫɥɨɬɧɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ, ɬɟɪɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɢ ɚɩɩɪɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɭɪɨɜɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ. Ⱥɩɩɪɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɞɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɦ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ȺȽɆ-9 ɢɥɢ ȺȾɗ-3.
ɐɟɥɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ – ɨɬɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɤɚɤ ɚɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ
ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ.
1. Ɉɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɐɟɧɬɪɚ
ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɢ ɉɟɪɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ Instron 5965 ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ
ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɚ Instron AVE [3–4].
ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ Instron 5965 ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ. Ʉ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ: ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ (ɜɚɪɶɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ
0,001 ɞɨ 3000 ɦɦ/ɦɢɧ), ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ±5ɤɇ. Ɍɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 0,4 % ɨɬ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɜ
ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ 1–100 % ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɚ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢ 0,5 %
ɨɬ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ 0,2–1 % ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ
ɞɚɬɱɢɤɚ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɫɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɢɧɚɦɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɨɦ ±100ɇ ɢ ±5ɇ. Ɉɛɳɢɣ ɜɢɞ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Instron 5965
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 1.
97
Ⱦ.ɋ. Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ, Ɇ.ɋ. Ɍɟɦɟɪɨɜɚ
Ɋɢɫ. 1. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ Instron 5965 ɫ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɵɦ
ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɨɦ AVE Instron
Ⱦɥɹ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ
ɬɨɱɟɤ. ɉɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪ AVE Instron, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 1, ɫɥɟɜɚ, ɧɚ ɤɨɥɨɧɧɟ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ) [5–7].
ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ AVE ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɬɨɱɧɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɬɨɤ ɢɡɦɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɣ ɜɢɞɟɨɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟɦ. ɐɢɮɪɨɜɚɹ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɞɜɭɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɜɢɞɟɨɞɚɬɱɢɤ. ɉɪɢ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ. ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɨɰɢɮɪɨɜɤɢ ɜɢɞɟɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ
ɨɞɢɧ ɤɚɞɪ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ 20 ɦɤɫ, ɬ.ɟ. ɨɞɢɧ ɪɚɡ ɜ 20 ɦɤɫ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɨɛɧɨɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ ɤɚɞɪ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɜɵɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɟɣ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɸ
ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ, ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɡɚɦɟɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ. Ⱦɥɹ AVE ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɜ ɫ ɩɨɥɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ 60, 200 ɢ 500 ɦɦ.
2. ɂɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ
ɉɪɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚ ȽɈɋɌ 6943.10–79, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɟɬ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɶɧɵɯ
98
Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ
ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ. ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ
ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɪɹɞ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ. ɉɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ
ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ ɧɟ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɫɤɚɥɶɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɜ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɯ. Ⱦɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ, ɚ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɸ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɨɜ,
ɱɬɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ. ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ
ɪɟɲɢɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ.
ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɚ. ɇɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɧɚɧɨɫɢɥɢɫɶ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɤɢ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɬɫɥɟɠɢɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɢ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɨɦ. Ⱦɥɹ ɮɢɤɫɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɞɚɬɱɢɤ ɫ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɨɦ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɞɨ 5 ɤɇ. ɉɪɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ȽɈɋɌɨɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚɯ
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ, ɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɦ (ɩɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ 22 ɧɢɬɢ, ɩɨ ɭɬɤɭ
20 ɧɢɬɟɣ). Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɥɢɫɶ ɩɧɟɜɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɦɢ, ɩɪɢ
ɷɬɨɦ ɥɟɧɬɵ ɜ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɹɯ
ɨɛɤɥɟɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɛɭɦɚɝɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ,
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɫɤɚɥɶɡɵɜɚɥ ɜ
ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɯ. Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɵɯ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɥɚ ɲɢɪɢɧɭ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ
ɱɚɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɢɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɨɫɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɫɵɩɚɥɢɫɶ ɩɨ
ɤɪɨɦɤɚɦ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɥɢ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɶ
ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ (ɪɢɫ. 2).
Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɢɡ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ
ɜɵɪɟɡɚɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɥɟɧɬ, ɜɞɨɥɶ
ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɢ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɭɬɤɚ, ɞɥɢɧɨɣ
220 ɦɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ 25 ɦɦ. Ɋɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɦɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɨ 100 ɦɦ. ɂɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɝɨ
Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ɉɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɥɟɧɬɵ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɝɨ
ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚ 100 ɦɦ/ɦɢɧ ɞɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ
ɬɤɚɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɵɣ
ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ.
ɩɧɟɜɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɦɢ
ȼɫɟɝɨ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɛɵɥɨ
ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɨ 10 ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ, ɩɨ 5 ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ. ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 3 ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɚɩɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɰɢɢ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚɯ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɚɩ99
Ⱦ.ɋ. Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ, Ɇ.ɋ. Ɍɟɦɟɪɨɜɚ
ɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɰɢɢ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦ, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɭ ɢ ɩɨ
ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɭ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ. ȼ ɬɚɛɥ. 1 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ
ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ Ɋ
ɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ (u) – ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ.
ɚ
ɛ
Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ⱥɩɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɰɢɢ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ, ɜɵɪɟɡɚɧɧɨɣ
ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ (ɚ) ɢ ɭɬɤɚ (ɛ): ɫɩɥɨɲɧɚɹ ɥɢɧɢɹ – ɥɢɧɢɹ ɚɩɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɰɢɢ
ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɨɬ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ
ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɚ, ɩɭɧɤɬɢɪɧɚɹ ɥɢɧɢɹ – ɥɢɧɢɹ ɚɩɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɰɢɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɨɬ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɚ
Ʉɚɤ ɜɢɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɪɢɫ. 3, ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɭ (ɫɩɥɨɲɧɚɹ ɥɢɧɢɹ) ɢ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɭ (ɩɭɧɤɬɢɪɧɚɹ ɥɢɧɢɹ),
ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɩɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɹ. Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɣ
ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ [8]. ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɫɤɚɥɶɡɵɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɯ, ɚ ɪɚɫɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɜɵɩɪɹɦɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɢɬɟɣ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɥɨɫɶ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɚ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɤɚɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ.
ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 4 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ ɞɨ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ
ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ.
100
Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ
ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɢ ɭɬɤɚ
ɍɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɟ
ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ u
ɇɨɦɟɪ
(ɦɦ)*
ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ
ɋɪɟɞɧɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɟɣ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ
Pɪɚɡ (ɇ)
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ
ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɚɹ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ Ɋ (ɇ)
ɋɪɟɞɧɟɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱ- Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɧɨɟ ɨɬɤɥɨ- ɟɧɬ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɟɧɢɟ <S> ɰɢɢ V (%)
(ɇ)
ɩɨ
ɩɨ
ɩɨ ɨɫɧɨɩɨ ɭɬɤɭ ɨɫɧɨ- ɩɨ ɭɬɤɭ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ
ɜɟ
ɜɟ
1
2,120 3,122 1262,215 1106,256
2
1,841 3,063 1143,453 1126,276
3
2,042 2,906 1313,366 1051,809 1250,6 1015,8 29,57
4
1,777 2,917 1245,957 862,116
5
1,972 3,056 1264,224 934,439
* Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ
ɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɨɦ AVE.
ɩɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ
ɩɨ
ɭɬɤɭ
ɩɨ
ɩɨ
ɩɨ
ɨɫɧɨɭɬɤɭ
ɭɬɤɭ
ɜɟ
50,92 2,36
5,01
ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɵɦ ɜɢ-
ɚ
ɛ
Ɋɢɫ. 4. Ɉɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ ɞɨ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ (ɚ) ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɦ
ɜɢɞɨɦ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ (ɛ)
101
Ⱦ.ɋ. Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ, Ɇ.ɋ. Ɍɟɦɟɪɨɜɚ
3. ɂɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɬɟɣ
ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ȽɈɋɌ 6611.2–73, ȽɈɋɌ 6943.5–79 ɢ ɨɩɵɬ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɧɢɬɟɣ,
ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ [9]. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɸɬ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ ɧɢɬɢ.
Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ȽɈɋɌ 6943.10–79 ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɫɤɚɥɶɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɜ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɯ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɹ.
Ⱦɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ, ɚ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɸ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɨɜ,
ɱɬɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ
ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ. Ⱦɥɹ ɮɢɤɫɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɞɚɬɱɢɤ ɫ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɨɦ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɞɨ 5 ɤɇ, ɞɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ
ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɣ – ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫ ɩɨɥɟɦ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ 500 ɦɦ. Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ
ɧɢɬɟɣ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɥɢɫɶ ɩɧɟɜɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɦɢ ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɦɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɨ 100 ɦɦ. Ɂɚɯɜɚɬɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ
ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɨɛɤɥɟɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɛɭɦɚɝɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɨɫɤɚɥɶɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɯ ɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɠɚɬɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ.
ɂɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚ 10 ɦɦ/ɦɢɧ ɞɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɚɹ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɚɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ
ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣ ɧɢɬɢ ɪɚɜɧɚ 176,5 ɬɟɤɫ (ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ
ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ – ɝɪ/ɤɦ). Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ
ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɵɣ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪ. ȼɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɜɢɞ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɊɢɫ. 5. Ɉɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣ
ɪɚɡɰɚ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣ ɧɢɬɢ ɫ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɧɢɬɢ, ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɵɣ
ɦɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɩɧɟɜɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɦɢ
ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 5.
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ
ɧɢɬɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 6. ȼ ɬɚɛɥ. 2 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ
ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ
ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ ɞɥɹ 60 ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɬɟɣ.
102
Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ
Ɋɢɫ. 6. Ⱦɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣ
ɧɢɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹɯ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɨɫɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ
Ⱦɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɜɵɯɨɞɹɬ ɧɟ ɢɡ ɧɭɥɹ, ɬɚɤ
ɤɚɤ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɨɫɶ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ, ɪɚɜɧɨɟ 1 ɇ, ɱɬɨ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɦ. ɂɡ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɜɢɞɟɧ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɡɛɪɨɫ
ɩɨ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɢ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɩɨ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ.
ȼɚɠɧɵɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɬɟɣ
ʋ
ɩ/ɩ
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ Ɇɨɞɭɥɶ, ȿ
(ɇ/ɬɟɤɫ)
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ Ɋ (ɇ)
Ɋy (ɇ/ɬɟɤɫ)
54,6
0,30937
27,875
60,1
0,34028
22,5
58,53
0,33165
27,5
60,6
0,34335
31,25
56,04
0,31756
20
52,84
0,29939
23,75
58,06
0,32897
29,375
61,84
0,35038
29,375
56,69
0,32118
33,125
56,71
0,32131
29,375
Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ
ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ
ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ İ (%)
1,19
1,56
1,3
1,31
1,53
1,24
1,24
1,35
1,12
1,22
103
Ⱦ.ɋ. Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ, Ɇ.ɋ. Ɍɟɦɟɪɨɜɚ
ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥ. 2
ʋ
ɩ/ɩ
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
104
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ
Ɇɨɞɭɥɶ, ȿ
ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ Ɋ (ɇ)
(ɇ/ɬɟɤɫ)
Ɋy (ɇ/ɬɟɤɫ)
54,84
0,31074
22,5
49,98
0,28315
19,375
56,3
0,319
30,625
45,84
0,25972
25
56,61
0,32071
26,25
52,73
0,29876
30
59,78
0,33871
25
59,01
0,33436
31,25
63,2
0,35808
33,125
52,04
0,29483
27,5
59,6
0,33767
35
62,78
0,3557
27,5
68,63
0,38885
28,125
56,8
0,32179
25
62,52
0,35421
28,75
59,18
0,33528
25
57,23
0,32426
28,75
62,22
0,35251
30
59,47
0,33692
33,125
61,75
0,34986
26,25
48,48
0,27466
25
56,6
0,32069
27,5
54,97
0,31147
27,5
59,96
0,33974
23,75
58,97
0,3341
27,5
57,46
0,32557
26,25
59,1
0,33484
25
54,63
0,30954
27,5
45,44
0,25745
31,25
56,51
0,32018
27,5
62,66
0,35505
28,75
58,92
0,33384
25
60,09
0,34045
26,25
61,06
0,34596
29,375
61,64
0,34922
27,5
58,37
0,33068
30
65,46
0,3709
28,75
59,39
0,33651
26,25
Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ
ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ
ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ İ (%)
1,36
1,24
1,22
1,03
1,21
1,38
1,42
1,24
1,21
1,18
1,35
1,67
1,51
1,41
1,47
1,44
1,37
1,38
1,22
1,52
1,15
1,059
1,32
1,68
1,33
1,43
1,58
1,17
0,65
1,34
1,45
1,39
1,45
1,48
1,46
1,28
1,44
1,45
Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ
Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥ. 2
ʋ
ɩ/ɩ
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ
Ɇɨɞɭɥɶ, ȿ
ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ Ɋ (ɇ)
(ɇ/ɬɟɤɫ)
Ɋy (ɇ/ɬɟɤɫ)
59,94
0,33961
30
59,79
0,33877
26,25
61,85
0,35042
26,25
55,32
0,31342
31,25
61,05
0,34592
26,25
54,48
0,30864
26,25
59,05
0,33454
30
52,77
0,29898
25
58,95
0,33402
28,75
58,03
0,32878
27,5
61,99
0,35122
22,5
54,63
0,30951
26,875
Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ
ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ
ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ İ (%)
1,29
1,63
1,48
1,27
1,51
1,24
1,47
1,26
1,34
1,46
1,63
1,08
ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 7 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɣ ɜɢɞ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣ ɧɢɬɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɨɫɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ.
Ɋɢɫ. 7. Ɋɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣ ɧɢɬɢ ɫ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɲɚɪɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ
ɦɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ
Ȼɵɥɨ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɨ 60 ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɬɟɣ, ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɭɩɪɭɝɢɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ȿ = (27,496±0,398) ɇ/ɬɟɤɫ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ Ɋɪɚɡ = (57,901±0,553) ɇ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ Ɋɭ = (0,328±0,003) ɇ/ɬɟɤɫ ɫ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ 0,95.
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɛɵɥɢ ɨɬɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɵ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɟɦɧɟɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ. Ȼɵɥɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɬɟɣ, ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ ɩɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɢ ɩɨ ɭɬɤɭ. ɋ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ
105
Ⱦ.ɋ. Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ, Ɇ.ɋ. Ɍɟɦɟɪɨɜɚ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ, ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ, ɩɨɫɱɢɬɚɧ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɜɚɪɢɚɰɢɢ, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
ɂɡ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɚɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ – ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢɡ
ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢ – ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɭɩɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɟ ɫ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ
ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɟɨɷɤɫɬɟɧɡɨɦɟɬɪɚ. ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɩɨ 60 ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚɦ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ
ɜɚɪɢɚɰɢɢ.
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɊɎɎɂ (ɝɪɚɧɬ
ʋ 12-08-31336ɦɨɥ_ɚ, ʋ 13-08-00304 ɚ) ɢ ɊɎɎɂ-ɍɪɚɥ 13-08-96016.
Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ
1. Ɍɚɪɧɨɩɨɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɘ.Ɇ., ɀɢɝɭɧ ɂ.Ƚ., ɉɨɥɹɤɨɜ ȼ.Ⱥ. ɉɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ-ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ: ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ. – Ɇ.:
Ɇɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ, 1987. – 224 ɫ.
2. Ɍɚɪɧɨɩɨɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɘ.Ɇ., Ʉɢɧɰɢɫ Ɍ.ə. Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɚɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɨɜ. – Ɇ.: ɏɢɦɢɹ, 1981. – 272 ɫ.
3. ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɩɪɢ
ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɦɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯ / ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ. ȼ.ɗ. ȼɢɥɶɞɟɦɚɧɚ. –
Ɇ.: Ɏɢɡɦɚɬɥɢɬ, 2012. – 204 ɫ.
4. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ: ɭɱɟɛ. ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ / ȼ.ɗ. ȼɢɥɶɞɟɦɚɧ [ɢ ɞɪ.]; ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ.
ȼ.ɗ. ȼɢɥɶɞɟɦɚɧɚ. – ɉɟɪɦɶ: ɂɡɞ-ɜɨ ɉɟɪɦ. ɧɚɰ. ɢɫɫɥɟɞ. ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧ. ɭɧ-ɬɚ,
2011. – 165 ɫ.
5. Ȼɚɛɭɲɤɢɧ Ⱥ.ȼ., ȼɢɥɶɞɟɦɚɧ ȼ.ɗ., Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ Ⱦ.ɋ. ɂɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ
ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɚ
ɩɪɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɯ // Ɂɚɜɨɞɫɤɚɹ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ. Ⱦɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ. – 2010. – ʋ 7. – ɋ. 57–59
6. Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ Ⱦ.ɋ., Ȼɚɛɭɲɤɢɧ Ⱥ.ȼ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɨɫɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɩɪɢ
ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɯ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɉɟɪɦ. ɧɚɰ. ɢɫɫɥɟɞ. ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧ. ɭɧ-ɬɚ.
Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ. – 2012. – ʋ 4. – ɋ. 33–41.
106
Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ
7. ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɧɚɧɨɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɥɢɬɨɜ / ȼ.ɗ. ȼɢɥɶɞɟɦɚɧ, Ⱥ.ȼ. Ȼɚɛɭɲɤɢɧ, ɋ.Ɇ. ɇɢɤɭɥɢɧ, Ɇ.ɉ. Ɍɪɟɬɶɹɤɨɜ [ɢ ɞɪ.] // Ɂɚɜɨɞɫɤɚɹ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɹ. Ⱦɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ. – 2012. – Ɍ. 78, ʋ 7. –
ɋ. 57–61.
8. ȼɢɥɶɞɟɦɚɧ ȼ.ɗ., Ɍɪɟɬɶɹɤɨɜɚ Ɍ.ȼ., Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ Ⱦ.ɋ. ɍɱɟɬ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹɯ ɩɨɥɭɧɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ
ɤɪɭɩɧɨɹɱɟɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɉɟɪɦ. ɧɚɰ.
ɢɫɫɥɟɞ. ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧ. ɭɧ-ɬɚ. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ. – 2012. – ʋ 2. – ɋ. 34–49.
9. ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɯɢɪɭɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɫɫɚɫɵɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɲɨɜɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ / Ⱥ.ȿ. Ɏɟɞɨɪɨɜ, ȼ.Ⱥ. ɋɚɦɚɪɰɟɜ, ȼ.Ⱥ. Ƚɚɜɪɢɥɨɜ, ȼ.ɗ. ȼɢɥɶɞɟɦɚɧ [ɢ ɞɪ.] // Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɠɭɪɧɚɥ ɛɢɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɢ. – Ɍ. 13, ʋ 4 (46). – 2009. – ɋ. 78–84.
References
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V.E. Vildeman. Moscow: Fizmɚtlit, 2012. 204 p.
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eksperimental’nyh issledovaniy: uchebnoe posobie [Mechanics of materials.
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rastyazhenie odnonapravlennykh kompozitsionnykh materialov pri ponizhennykh temperaturakh [Technique of unidirectional composite materials at
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Lobanov D.S., Struk N.V. Eksperimentalnye issledovaniya deformacionnyh
i prochnostnyh svoystv nanomodificirovannyh steklotekstolitov [Experimental research of deformation and strength properties of nano-modified
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Ɉɛ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɯ
Ʌɨɛɚɧɨɜ Ⱦɦɢɬɪɢɣ ɋɟɪɝɟɟɜɢɱ (ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) – ɚɫɩɢɪɚɧɬ,
ɦɥɚɞɲɢɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɣ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤ, ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪ ɐɟɧɬɪɚ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɢ ɉɟɪɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ (614990, ɝ. ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ʉɨɦɫɨɦɨɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɩɪ., 29, e-mail:
cem.lobanov@gmail.com).
Ɍɟɦɟɪɨɜɚ Ɇɚɪɢɹ ɋɟɪɝɟɟɜɧɚ (ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) – ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɤɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ
ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɉɟɪɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ (614990,
ɝ. ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ʉɨɦɫɨɦɨɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɩɪ., 29, e-mail: cem.temerova@gmail.com).
108
Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ
About the authors
Lobanov Dmitry Sergeevich (Perm, Russian Federation) – Graduate
student, Junior Scientific Associate and Engineer of the Center of Experimental Mechanics, Perm National Research Polytechnic University
(29, Komsomolsky av., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, e-mail:
cem.lobanov@gmail.com).
Temerova Maria Sergeevna (Perm, Russian Federation) – Student of
chair of the Mechanics for Composite Materials and Structures Department
Perm National Research Polytechnic University (29, Komsomolsky av.,
Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, e-mail: cem.temerova@gmail.com).
ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ 24.04.13
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